适用于新高考新教材备战2025届高考英语一轮总复习Unit1Honestyandresponsibility牛津译林版选择性必修第四册

Unit1HonestyandresponsibilityⅠ.阅读理解AFouTs’ong,aChinese-bornpianistknownforhissensitiveinterpretationsofChopin,DebussyandMozartdiedonMondayatahospitalinLondon,wherehehadlivedformanyyears.Hewas86.Aloverofclassicalmusicfromayoungage,Mr.Foubegantakingpianolessonswhenhewas7.Mr.Foumadehisfirststageappearancein1952.TheconcertcaughttheattentionofofficialsinBeijing,whoselectedhimtocompeteandtourinEasternEurope.Mr.FousoonmovedtoPoland,wherehestudiedatWarsawConservatory(音乐学校)onascholarship.ToprepareforthefifthChopinCompetitioninWarsawin1955,hepracticedsodiligentlythathehurthisfingersandwasnearlycutfromthefirstroundofthecompetition.Mr.FouwasoneofthefirstChinesepianiststoachieveglobalprominencewhenhetookthethirdplaceintheInternationalChopinPianoCompetitioninWarsawin1955.HealsowonaspecialprizeforhisperformanceofChopin’sMazurkas(《玛祖卡舞曲》).Almostovernight,hebecameanationalhero.ToChina,Mr.Fou’srecognitioninawell-knowninternationalcompetitionwasproofthatthecountrycouldstandonitsownartisticallyintheWest.ChinesereportersflockedtointerviewMr.Fou,whilemanyotherssoughtouthisfather,FuLei,foradviceonchild-rearing.In1981,avolumeofletterswrittenbyhisfather,primarilytoMr.Fou,waspublishedinChina.Fullofadvice,encouragement,lifeteachingsandstrictpaternallove,thebookFuLei’sFamilyLettersbecameabest-sellerinChina.BesidesinfluencingagenerationofChinese,Mr.Fu’swordsresonated(共鸣)longafterhisdeathwiththepersonforwhomtheywereintended.“Myfatherhadasayingthat‘Firstyoumustbeaperson,thenanartist,andthenamusician,andonlythencanyoubeapianist.’”,Mr.Fouoncerecalledinaninterview.“Evennow,Ibelieveinthisorder—thatitshouldbethiswayandthatIamthisway.”1.Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph2?A.FouTs’ongcompetedandtouredinBeijing.B.FouTs’ongfirstperformedonthestageat7.C.FouTs’ongmadegreateffortsforcompetitions.D.FouTs’ongstartedlearningmusicinEasternEurope.2.WhydoesFouTs’ong’sglobalrecognitionmeanalottoChina?A.ItearnsChineseartaplaceintheWest.B.ItpromotesthespreadofChineseculture.C.ItprovesChinesepeople’stalentformusic.D.ItenablesChinesearteducationtoberecognized.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inparagraph4referto?A.Mr.Fu’swords.B.YoungChinese.C.FouTs’ongandhisfamily.D.ReadersofFuLei’sFamilyLetters.4.WhichofthefollowingagreeswithFuLei’sideasinthelastparagraph?A.Pursuingartisalongandpainfulprocess.B.Itrequiresvariousqualitiestobeapianist.C.Everyoneshoulddevelopaninterestinart.D.Talentisofthegreatestimportanceforapianist.BFarbeloweverytownandcityliesaninvisiblenetworkofpipescrucialtothelivesoftheirresidents.Oncewaterdisappearsdownapipeortoilet,it’soutofsight,outofmind.Thewaterflowsintocontainersthatcarryrainwater,wastewaterandsolidwasteaway.Therearethreemaintypesofsewers(下水道):sanitarysewers,stormsewersandcombinedsewers.Amongthem,sanitarysewersfunctionasacity’sveins(静脉).Watercontaininghumanandindustrialwasteiscollectedinsanitarysewersandcarriedtowastewatertreatmentplants.There,thesolidwasteisseparatedfromthewater,whichisthenpurifiedbeforebeingreleasedbackintotheenvironment.Itwillbereusedforindustrial,agriculturalorenvironmentalpurposes.Furthermore,thegasfromwatertreatmentcanbeusedtoproduceenergy.Theynotonlycontributetoahealthyenvironmentandgoodqualityoflife,butalsoachievethegoalofsustainabledevelopment.Whilewastewatercollectionandtreatmentarecriticaltothehealthofurbanresidents,stormsewersalsoplayanimportantrole.Inurbanareas,greenhasgivenwaytoconcrete.Asaconsequence,therehasbeenalossoftheland’snaturalwaterretentionasconcretecannottakeinrainwater.Whenanextremeweathereventcausesheavyrain,stormsewersmustcopewiththewater,soitdoesnotfloodthecity.However,stormsewersareonlypartofthesolutiontowatermanagementandfloodprevention.Toreduceflooding,anintegratedurbanmanagementplanhasbeenadopted,whereallthefactors—stormsewers,landplanningandeconomicdevelopment—areconsideredtogether.Engineeringinnovations,additionalfacilitiesandincreasedgreenspacerequirementsinnewdevelopmentprojectshaveimprovedwaterretentionincities.Sewershelpimproveurbanpublichealth,preventurbanfloodingandboostenvironmentalprotection.Togethertheyprotectvitalwaterresourcesandmaintainthesafetyofpeopleandproperty.5.What’sthefunctionofsanitarysewers?A.Cleaningdirtywater.B.Collectingsolidwaste.C.Deliveringusedwater.D.Producingusefulgas.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“retention”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Absorption.B.Treatment.C.Purification.D.Distribution.7.What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingparagraph4?A.Toexplainacomplicatedtheory.B.Toprovidesupportingfacts.C.Toraiseimprovedsuggestions.D.Todescribearecentphenomenon.8.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.UrbanUnseenNetworkB.ModernCity’sManagementC.ExtremeWeather’sSolutionD.Wastewater’sPotentialThreatⅡ.七选五Justbreathe.Soundfamiliar?Whethertryingtodecreasestress,anxiety,andmuscletensionorincreaseourfocus,wearefrequentlyencouragedtobreathe.Thereisagoodreasonforthis,particularlywhenitcomestomuscletensionandpain.1Whenwearestressed,ourmusclestense,andthistensioncanincreasepain.Paincanalsocausestress,increasingmuscletensionandcreatingmorepain.Also,itiscommontoholdourbreathwhenwearestressedorinpain.2

So,onehelpfulwaytomanagestressandpainistopracticerelaxingourmusclesandnervoussystemviabreathingexercises.Whileengaginginlongerrelaxationexercisesisbeneficial,practicingbriefexercisesispractical.BreatheSlowlyandRhythmically3Imagineyourbreathisawaveintheoceanthatisslowlycomingintoshoreandthenslowlygoingbackintotheocean.Seeifyoucanpracticebreathingslowlyandsteadilyforabouttwotofiveminutes.

LengthentheExhale(呼)PortionofYourBreathTheexhaleislikeabrakeforournervoussystem,helpingitslowdown.Practicemakingtheexhaleportionofthebreathlongerthantheinhale:Forexample,ifyounaturallyinhaletoacountofthree,practiceslowlyexhalingtoacountoffive.BreathefromYourBelly(腹部)Bellybreathingtendstobethemostrelaxingtypeofbreath.Whenyoubreatheusingyourbelly,youstimulatethevagusnervewhichactivatestherelaxationresponse.4Therefore,youfeelateaseandcomfortable.

Itisimportantnottowaituntiltensionandpainincreasetopracticetheseexercises.5Sojustslowdownandbreatheon.

A.Practicebreathinginandoutataslowspeed.B.Unfortunately,doingsoincreasespainandstress.C.Theexhalepartofthebreathisthemostrelaxing.D.Breathingfromyournoseonlyhelpsyoucalmdown.E.Physicalpainandemotionalstressoftengohandinhand.F.Theywillbemosteffectivewhenyouarenotinmuchpain.G.Thiswillreduceyourheartrateandbloodpressureandlowerstress.Ⅲ.语法填空Wangdao,abiographicalfilmaboutChenWangdao(1891—1977),wasfirstshownatFudanUniversityonMar.24,2024.“WangDao”isnotonlythenameofChenbutalsomeans1.(insist)onthepathoftruth.

ThefilmfollowsthelifeofChenWangdao.ItshowshowChen2.(translate)themasterpieceTheCommunistManifesto3.howagroupofpassionatepeoplestruggledfortheirdreams.It4.(vivid)presentsasceneinwhichChenwassoabsorbedinhistranslationthathemade5.amusingmistake.Hismotherputazongziwithabowlcontainingbrownsugaronhisdesk.Momentslater,hislips6.(cover)inink(墨水)ashehaddipped(蘸)thezongziintohisink.Hismotherjokinglyasked7.(he)whetherthesugarwassweet,andhesaid,“Yes,itissweetenough.”

At29,Chenfinishedthetranslation,8.laidthefoundationfortheestablishmentoftheCommunistPartyofChinain1921andinspiredmanypeople9.(take)partinrevolution(革命).

“Theuniversitydecidedtomakethefilmtopromotethenoblecharacterofourlateheadmaster,ChenWangdao,andwehopehis10.(pursue)forabrightfutureofChinacancontinuetoinspiretheyoungpeople,”saidQiuXin,PartyChiefofFudanUniversity.

Ⅳ.应用文写作你所在的学习小组参与了英语项目的作业展评,商定以“我爱劳动”为主题进行创作。请你结合自己的一次劳动阅历,写一篇短文,要点如下:1.劳动过程;2.劳动体会。留意:1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请在相应位置作答。_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇人物传记。文章介绍了在中国诞生的钢琴家傅聪。他以其对肖邦、德彪西和莫扎特的敏感诠释而著名,他的国际知名度为中国艺术在西方赢得了一席之地。1.C推理推断题。依据其次段中的“ToprepareforthefifthChopinCompetitioninWarsawin1955,hepracticedsodiligentlythathehurthisfingersandwasnearlycutfromthefirstroundofthecompetition.”可知,傅聪先生为竞赛付出了很多。2.A微小环节理解题。依据第三段中的“ToChina,Mr.Fou’srecognitioninawell-knowninternationalcompetitionwasproofthatthecountrycouldstandonitsownartisticallyintheWest.”可知,傅聪的国际知名度为中国艺术在西方赢得了一席之地。3.A词义揣测题。依据第四段中的“BesidesinfluencingagenerationofChinese,Mr.Fu’swordsresonatedlongafterhisdeathwiththepersonforwhomtheywereintended.”可以看出,除了影响了一代中国人外,傅雷先生的话在他去世后很长一段时间照旧能够让听到这些话的人产生共鸣。由此推知,they这个词指的是hiswords,即傅雷先生的话。4.B推理推断题。依据最终一段中的“Firstyoumustbeaperson,thenanartist,andthenamusician,andonlythencanyoubeapianist.”可知,傅雷先生教儿子傅聪要先成为人,再成为艺术家,再成为音乐家,最终才能成为钢琴家。这表明,傅雷先生认为成为一名钢琴家身上要具备很多品质。【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了城市下方看不见的管道网络:下水道。5.C微小环节理解题。依据第一段中的“Watercontaininghumanandindustrialwasteiscollectedinsanitarysewersandcarriedtowastewatertreatmentplants.”可知,卫生下水道主要用于收集好废水,然后输送到废水处理厂。故选C项。6.A词义揣测题。依据其次段中的“Inurbanareas,greenhasgivenwaytoconcrete.”可知,很多城市绿地被混凝土地面代替;依据其次段画线词后“concretecannottakeinrainwater”及常识可知,混凝土无法吸取雨水,因此大面积的混凝土地面可能导致土地无法吸取到雨水,从而使自然蓄水量削减。由此推知,画线词retention与absorption意思接近,即“吸取水后储存在土地中”。故选A项。7.B推理推断题。依据第四段可知,本段从改善城市公共卫生、防止洪水等方面说明白下水道对城市生活有很大的帮助。由此推知,作者写第四段的目的是供应支持性事实。故选B项。8.A标题归纳题。依据第一段中的“Farbeloweverytownandcityliesaninvisiblenetworkofpipescrucialtothelivesoftheirresidents.”可知,本文主要介绍了城市下方的看不见的管道网络。由此可知,UrbanUnseenNetwork适合作本文标题。故选A项。Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了通过练习呼吸来缓解压力和难受的方法。1.E依据下文“Whenwearestressed,ourmusclestense,andthistensioncanincreasepain.”可知,压力和身体上的难受总是相伴而行。E项“Physicalpainandemotionalstressoftengohandinhand.”符合题意。故选E项。2.B依据上文“Also,itiscommontoholdourbreathwhenwearestressedorinpain.”并结合下文介绍通过练习呼吸来缓解压力和难受推知,感到压力或难受时屏住呼吸这种做法是错误的。B项“Unfortunately,doingsoincreasespainandstress.”符合题意,doingso指代上文提到的“屏住呼吸”。故选B项。3.A依据小标题“BreatheSlowlyandRhythmically”可知,空处内容应与缓慢而有节奏的呼吸有关。A项“Practicebreathinginandoutataslowspeed.”符合本段主旨。故选A项。4.G依据上文“Whenyoubreatheusingyourbelly,youstimulatethevagusnervewhichactivatestherelaxationresponse.”和下文“Therefore,youfeelateaseandcomfortable.”可知,空处应陈述用腹部呼吸会出现什么现象,从而使人们最终放松下来。G项“Thiswillreduceyourheartrateandbloodpressureandlowerstress.”符合题意,This指代上文“用腹部呼吸”这件事。故选G项。5.F依据上文“Itisimportantnottowaituntiltensionandpainincreasetopracticetheseexercises.”推知,在不太惊惶和难受时就应当进行这样的练习,这样效果最好。F项“Theywillbemosteffectivewhenyouarenotinmuchpain.”符合题意,选项中的They指代上文theseexercises。故选F项。Ⅲ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电影《望道》,该电影讲解并描述了学者陈望道追求真理的一生,呈现了他高尚的品德。1.insisting考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,设空处作means的宾语,用动词-ing形式。故填insisting。2.translated考查动词的时态。电影中呈现的是陈先生的人生,发生在过去,how引导的宾语从句应用一般过去时,