高中一轮复习英语选修七Unit3高考拆组训练

选修七Unit3高考拆组训练阅读理解组块专练——练速度(限时：30分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解ATheamountoffishcaughtworldwideismuchlargerthanhasbeenreported.Andthatcouldmeanseriousproblemsfortheenvironmentandnationsthatdependonfisheries(渔业).Anewestimateshowsthatitis32milliontonshigherthancountrieshavebeenreportingyearly.Thesamereportnotesthattheworld’sfishcatchhasbeendecliningsincethelate1990s.CountriesreporttheirindustrialcatchestotheUnitedNationsFoodandAgricultureOrganization.Buttheydonotreportotherkindsoffishing.Thisincludesthecatchesofsmallmercialfisheries,whicharecalledartisanalfisheries,andfishingforrecreationandindividualfood.DanielPaulyattheUniversityofBritishColumbiainCanadaledthestudy.Henotedthatahugeamountofsomecatchesisthrownaway.“Forexample,shrimptrawlers(拖网渔船)keeponlytheshrimpandthefishthattheycatch—ofteneighttotentimesasmuchastheshrimp—getsthrownaway.”PaulytoldVOAthatbetterestimatesoftheactualglobalcatchwillhelpensuretherewillbeenoughfishinthefuture.“Butourfiguressuggestthatsince1996arapiddecreaseishappening.Andifyouprojectthisforwardyouendupinafewdecadeshavingmuchlesscatch,literallynocatch.Sothatispotentiallydangerous.”Researchersalsofoundwaystheworld’sfisheriesarechanging.Theyfoundthatfishingfleetsoflargernationsarecatchingfishinthewatersofdevelopingcountriesmoreandmore.Paulysaidhewassurprisedbytheamountoffishingdonebyforeignfleetsinpetitionwithlocalfishers.“InWestAfrica,thefigurethatwasmostastonishingistheenormousroleofforeignfishing—ofEuropeanandAsianvesselsfishinglegallyorillegallyandpetingagainstlocalfishermen.OntheotherhandfortheUS,Australiaandsomedevelopingcountries,suchastheBahamas,whatwasapparentistheenormouscontributionofrecreationalfisheries,whichalsonevergetreportedtotheFAO.”Researcherssayinaccuratedataalsoharmsthedevelopmentandsupervision(监管)ofeffectivepolicyandmanagementmeasures.语篇解读：世界范围内捕鱼的数量比报告中的数量要多很多，而这些虚假报告对经济和环境都造成了不好的影响。1．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Falseamountoffishcaughtworldwideharmseconomyenvironment.B．Theworld’sfishcatchhasbeendeclining.C．Theglobalfishingpetitionisserious.D．Themanagementofglobalfishingneedsimproving.解析：选A主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第一、二句“Theamountoffishcaughtworldwideismuchlargerthanhasbeenreported.Andthatcouldmeanseriousproblemsfortheenvironmentandnationsthatdependonfisheries(渔业)．”可知，本文主要阐述了关于捕鱼数量的虚假报告对环境造成了不好的影响。故选A项。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”(inPara.1)referto?A．Theamountofforeignfishing.B．Theamountoflocalfishing.C．Theamountofrecreationalfishing.D．Theamountofallfishcaughtworldwide.解析：选D代词指代题。it为代词，指代前文，又根据32million这个数字可推断出it指代第一句中的“Theamountoffishcaughtworldwide”，由此可知选D项。3．WhichkindoffishinghasbeenreportedtotheFAO?A．Industrialfishcatches.B．mercialfishing.C．Fishingforentertainment.D．Fishingforindividualfood.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段二、三句“CountriesreporttheirindustrialcatchestotheUnitedNationsFoodandAgricultureOrganization.Buttheydonotreportotherkindsoffishing.”可知，各国向联合国粮食及农业组织报告了他们的工业捕鱼量，但没有报告其他形式的捕鱼数量。故选A项。B(2018·合肥高三质检)“Thenoisemadebyboatsofwhalewatchingtouristsmaybecausingmunicationproblemsfortheanimals，”Britishresearcherssaidlastweek.Whalewatchingisapopulartouristactivityinplaceswheregroupsofkillerwhales(虎鲸)live.Everyday,dozensofboatsfilledwithtouristsgotowatchthebeautifulanimals.Unfortunately,theenginesoftheboatsmakealotofnoise,andthatmaybecausingproblemsforthewhales,accordingtoareportintheUSsciencemagazineNature.Thewhalestravelingroups,andmunicatewitheachotherthroughsoniccallsthatsomescientistsrefertoassinging.Thesoundsoftheboatenginesmaybecreatingtoomuchbackgroundnoiseforthewhalestobeabletoheareachother.Theresearcherslistenedtorecordingsofwhalecallsmadebetween15and25yearsago,beforewhalewatchingbecamepopular.Thesewereparedtomorerecentrecordings.Theyfoundthattheanimalshavestartedtosingforlongerthantheyusedto,likeapersonshoutingtoafriendacrossanoisyroom.Itisbelievedthatthewhalesaretryingtomunicatehuntingorbreedinginformation.Scientistssaidthat,ifthisisprevented,thefutureoftheworld’swhalepopulationcouldbeindanger.“Animalsbeeslowinmindandrepeatthemselvesinnoisyareas，”saidVolkerDeecke,aCanadianbiologist.“Theyhavetosaythingstwiceorthreetimesinordertobeunderstood.”ThekillerwhalesstudiedwerelivingoffthecoastofnorthwesternAmerica.Thenumberofkillerwhalesinthisareahasbeenfallingforseveralyears,butscientistsarenotsurewhy.语篇解读：本文首先介绍了观鲸船所产生的噪音对虎鲸的交流造成了困难，然后又介绍了观鲸旅游的盛行和虎鲸的交流方式。4．Thepassagemainlytellsus________.A．theproblemsofwhalewatchingB．howkillerwhalesmunicatewitheachotherC．thereducedpopulationofkillerwhalescausedbywhalewatchingD．hearingproblemsofthekillerwhalescausedbywhalewatching解析：选D主旨大意题。概括文章第一段可得出答案。观鲸船的噪音给虎鲸的信息交流造成了困难。5．Nowinanoisybackground,thekillerwhaleshaveto________.A．singinaloudervoiceB．singlongerC．travelinsmallergroupsD．getnearertoeachother解析：选B细节理解题。由第五段可知，因为受噪音干扰，现在虎鲸“唱”的时间比原来长。6．Scientistsbelievethatkillerwhalessingto________.A．warneachotherofdangersB．keepinthesamegroupC．sendusefulinformationD．enjoythemselves解析：选C细节理解题。文章倒数第三段有说明，虎鲸“唱歌”是为了交流捕食或繁殖信息。7．Fromthepassage,wecanfeelthattheauthoris________.A．angry B．hopefulC．worried D．disappointed解析：选C推理判断题。文章介绍观鲸船的噪音给虎鲸的交流造成了困难，从文章最后的叙述看，虎鲸数量在下降，而科学家也不明白其中原因，因此显然作者对虎鲸的生存状况感到“担忧”。CWhat’smoreexcitingthanhavingafreshhotpizzadeliveredtoyourdoor?Howabouthavingitbroughttoyoubyarobot?ThankstoDomino’sRoboticUnit,thatjustbecameareality.OnMarch8,thethree­foottallrobotmadeitsfirstdeliverytosomeluckyresidentsinBrisbane,Australia.TheautonomousDRUistheresultofacooperationbetweenDomino’sPizzaAustraliaandMarathonRobotics.Themachinecancoveradistanceofupto12milesandbackbeforerequiringabatteryrecharge.EquippedwithGoogleMapsandGPSguidance,DRUcangoalongbikepathsandsidewalksandalsofindthemostefficientwaytoitsdestination.LIDAR,alaser­basedsensortechnologysimilartotheoneusedinself­drivingcars,enablesDRUtodetectandavoidobstacles,whiletraditionalsensorsensureitspathtoitsdestinationissafe.DRU’splasticshellprotectsthefoodfromthebadweather,whileitsaluminumandsteelcontainerensuresthatthepiesremainhot.Therobotcanfituptotenpizzasandevenhasaseparatecoldareatoacmodatedrinkorders.Toaccesstheirfood,customershavetoentertheuniquecodeprovidedbythepany.Thisnotonlyensuresthattheypickuptherightpizza,butalsopreventsthepiesfromgettingstolen.Domino’sexpectsadditionalDRUtobereadyforserviceinitsvariousQueenslandlocationswithinthenextsixmonths.Butdon’texpectthesesupercuterobotstoreplacehumansanytimesoon.AccordingtoDomino’s,theDRUstillneedsmuchtesting,whichthepanybelievescouldtakeuptotwoyears.Thereisalsotheissueofregulations.Thepublicuseofautonomousvehiclesisstillbannedinmostcountries.ButDonMeij,theCEOofDomino’sPizza,isnotworried.HebelievesthatonedayDRUwillbeeanecessarypartoftheDomino’sfamily.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇科普类说明文，主要介绍了一种可以上门为顾客送比萨的机器人。)8．What’sthefunctionofLIDAR?A．KeepingDRUfreeofobstacles.B．RechargingDRU’sbattery.C．HelpingDRUfinditsdestination.D．ProtectingDRUfrombadweather.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“LIDAR,alaser­basedsensortechnologysimilartotheoneusedinself­drivingcars,enablesDRUtodetectandavoidobstacles...”可知，LIDAR的功能是使DRU察觉并避开障碍物。故A项正确。9．Whydoesthepanyprovidecodesforitscustomers?A．Tofitupmorepizzas.B．Topreventthepizzabeingtakenbymistake.C．Tokeepthepizzawarm.D．Togetthepizzapaidintime.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Thisnotonlyensuresthattheypickuptherightpizza,butalsopreventsthepiesfromgettingstolen.”可知，这是为了防止顾客拿错比萨。故B项正确。10．WhatcanweinferaboutthefutureofDRU?A．Itmayneedsomeimprovements.B．Itwillreplacehumanssoon.C．ItmaybebannedinAustralia.D．Itwillsoonbeappliedworldwide.解析：选A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“AccordingtoDomino’s,theDRUstillneedsmuchtesting,whichthepanybelievescouldtakeuptotwoyears.”可以判断，DRU仍有待改进。故A项正确。Ⅱ.阅读七选五ToKnowSomeCustomsandMannersWhileyouaretravellingabroad,culturalmistakesaremoreseriousthanlinguisticmistakes,whichcanleadtoseriousmisunderstandingandevenill­feelingbetweenindividuals.__1__●TouchingSomeone__2__InMediterraneancountries,ifyoudon’ttouchsomeone’sarmwhentalkingtothemorifyoudon’tgreetthemwithkissesorawarmhug,you’llbeconsideredcold.Butbackslap(拍背)someonewhoisn’tafamilymemberoragoodfriendinKorea,andyou’llmakethemunfortable.InThailand,theheadisconsideredsacred—neverevenpatachildonthehead.●TalkingOverDinnerInsomecountries,likeChina,JapanandsomeAfricannations,thefood’sthething,sodon’tstartchattingaboutyourday’sadventureswhileeveryoneelseisdiggingintodinner.__3__It’snotbecauseyourgroupisunfriendly,butbecausemealtimesareforeating,nottalking.●RemovingYourShoesorNotTakeoffyourshoeswhenarrivingatthedoorofaLondondinnerpartyandthehostesswillfindyouuncivilized,butfailtoremoveyourshoesbeforeenteringahomeinAsia,Hawaii,orthePacificIslandsandyou’llbeconsidereddisrespectful.So,ifyouseearowofshoesatthedoor,startundoingyourlaces.__4__Onceyouareonthegroundofadifferentcountry,remainhighlysensitivetonativebehavior.__5__Anddon’tfeeloffendedifsomethingseemsoffensive—likequeu