浙江省杭州市上城区杭州中学2024届八下英语期末学业水平测试试题含答案

浙江省杭州市上城区杭州中学2024届八下英语期末学业水平测试试题满分120分，时间90分钟一、单项选择（共10小题，满分20分）1、Accordingtolaw,you_________wearyourhelmet(头盔)whileridingyoure-bicycle.A.can B.must C.may D.could2、—YouwerenotinwhenIwenttoyouyesterday.—Oh,I________forafriendfromEnglandattheairportatthatmoment.A.waited B.waswaiting C.amwaiting D.havewaited3、B【解析】【详解】句意：——如果你考试不及格，你就不能开车。——我会尽力的。考查条件状语从句。此句为if引导的条件状语从句，主句使用一般将来时，从句使用一般现在时，“ifyou...passtheexam.”为从句，应使用一般现在时。故选B。4、As________foodfortheparty,that’sallbeingtakencareof.A.of B.with C.on D.for5、—CanTomcometomybirthdaypartytomorrow?—I’mnotsure.Ifhe________here,he________somegiftsforyou.A.comes;willprepare B.willcome;willprepare C.comes;prepares6、—It’susefulforthedeafpeopletolearnbodylanguage.—Yes,it’samainwayof________forthem.A.communication B.invitation C.conversation D.introduction7、—Wow,Wendy,it’scooltomakeashortvideowithyourmobilephone.—JustwithasoftwarecalledJianying.Letmeshowyou________.A.whichtouse B.howtouseitC.whattouse D.whethertouseit8、WiththeInternet,________iseasyforpeopletoknowwhatishappeningaroundtheworld.A.they B.this C.that D.it9、—Imustfinishmyhomeworkfirst.I’mafraidIcan’tgoshoppingwithyou.—________A.Welldone! B.Whatapity! C.Goodjob!10、Agiantpandacanonlyhaveoneortwobabies________.A.atatime B.fromtimetotimeC.atthesametime D.ontime二、完成句子（共5小题，满分10分）11、arrive,don’t,to,forget,ontime________________________.12、is,it,what,for___________________________________________________________?13、你想询问这件毛衣的价格，可以这样问：________________________________________thissweater?14、A:WhatwasLucydoingatthistimeyesterday?B:______________________________________________.15、Theneighborhoodwasinamessafterthestorm.F________trees,brokenwindowsandrubbishwereeverywhere.三、补全对话（10分）16、通读下面对话，根据对话内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，将最佳选项的字母编号填写在相应位置上，选项中有一项为多余选项。Ann:Hi,Mary.Jenny’sbirthdayiscoming.Haveyoureceivedherinvitation?Mary:Yes.___1___Ann:Metoo.I’mjustthinkingaboutthegift.___2___Mary:Well,shelikesreading.Whynotgetherbooks?Ann:___3___Ithinkshe’llbehappytogetthem.Mary:Bytheway,howwillyoubuythegift?Willyouaskyourparentsformoney?Ann:___4___I’vealreadysavedmypocketmoney.Mary:You’reright.Ithinkweshouldlearntoplanmoney.Ann:That’strue.___5___Mary:Greatjob.Learningtosaveandusemoneyarebothimportanttous.A.Soundsgood.B.Ialsouseittohelpothersinneed.C.Yes,Iwill.D.Howaboutyou?E.Doyouhaveanygoodideas?F.Ofcoursenot.四、阅读理解（40分）17、Doyouthinkyoulookbeautiful?Thesedays,itseemshardertoloveourownlooks.OntheInternet,youmightsee“BMgirls”withslenderwaists(细腰)andlongandthinlegs.Theywearsmall-sizedclothes.ManyteenagerswanttolooklikeBMgirls.Someeventrytoloseweightinunhealthyways,justtolooklikethem.“Peopleseeactressesandsingerswearthiskindofclothingandtheythinktheyalsoneedtobelikethemtobepretty,”aUSteenagerRisasays.Whengirlscannotfitintosmallersizes,theythinktheyaretoofat.“Somefashiontrends(流行趋势)aresendingthewrongmessagestoyounggirls,”saysDoctorWufromShanghaiTongjiHospital.“Girlsshouldlearntoknowthateveryonehasdifferentbuilds.Theyshouldcareabouttheirhealthmorethaneverythingelse.”Thereisnotonlyonekindofbeauty.Youlookbeautifulonlyifyouarehealthy!AccordingtoPsychologyToday,accepting(接受)howyoulookcanmakeyouhappier.Howcanwedothis?Herearesometips:※Followbody-positive(对身体持积极态度的)peopleonsocialmedia.They’llshowyouthatthere’snotonlyonewaytobebeautiful.※Practicethankingyourbody.Yourbodykeepsyoualive,carriesyoueveryday,andprotects(保护)youinmanyways.Trytobethankful.※Keepahealthylifestyle(生活方式).Lovingyourbodydoesn’tmeanthatyoucan’tworktowardhealthgoals(目标).However,whenyouworktowardthosegoalswithloveforyourself,youwillfinditeasiertoreachthem.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1.WhatdoBMgirlslooklike?A.Theylookheavyandstrong. B.Theyhavelonglegsandlookthin.C.Theyareofmediumbuilds. D.Theyhavelonghair.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“weight”probablymeaninChinese?A.负担 B.自信 C.美貌 D.体重3.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Manyteenagegirlswanttobethin.B.DoctorWuthinkseveryonecanbecomethin.C.Girlsdon’tlookfatwhentheywearsmallerclothes.D.Fashiontrendsalwaysteachyounggirlstherightwaystobebeautiful.4.Fromthepassage,wecaninfer(推断)that__________.A.peoplemustbethintobebeautiful B.teenagersshouldwearbeautifulclothesC.healthisakindofbeauty D.apersoningoodhealthisthin5.Howmanytipsdoesthewritergiveteenagerstohelpthemaccepttheirlooks?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.18、Boom!Aclapofthunder（一声霹雳）madetheoldhouseshake.Ramonstayedunderhisbed.Aflashoflightning（一道闪电）lituptheroom.“Ihatethishouse,”Ramonthought.Itwashisfirstnightinhisnewhome.Thehousehadbelongedtohisgrandma.Itwasvery,veryold.Itlookedreallyscaryatnight.Thetreesoutsidehiswindowslookedlikemonsters（怪物）inthedark.Thebranches（树枝）lookedlikelongarms.Theywaved（飘动）whenthewindblew.Thestormmadeeverythingevenscarier.Ramonhatedstorms,anditseemedworseintheoldhouse.Laterthethunder（雷）becamequieter.Ramonclimbedintobedandfellasleep.Whenhewokeup,thesunwasshiningthroughhiswindows.Ramonclimbedoutofbed.Thetreesoutsidedidn’tlooklikemonstersanymore.Thebrancheshadnicegreenleavesgrowingonthem.Ramoncouldseeabirdsittingononeofthebranches.Itwassingingahappysong.Theyardlookedprettyniceinthedaylight.Astream（溪）ranacrosstheyard.Aswing（秋千）hungfromoneofthetrees.Manyflowersgrewnexttothetrees.Butterflies（蝴蝶）flewaroundtheflowers.“Maybelivingherewon’tbesobadafterall,”Ramonthought.1.HowdidRamonprobablyfeelduring.thethunderstorm（雷雨）?A.Excited. B.Relaxed. C.Scared. D.Tired.2.Whatcanweknowaboutthehouse?A.Ramongrewupinit. B.Ramon’sgrandmapulleditdown.C.Itwasreallydarkinside. D.Therearesometreesoutsideit.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”referto?A.Thetrees. B.Thebranches. C.Themonsters. D.Thelongarms.19、Somepeopleliketheirnames,butothersarenothappywiththem.Childrenareusuallynamedbytheirparents.Usually,thesenameshaveanimportantmeaningfortheirparents.Inwesterncountries,parentsnametheirchildrenindifferentways.Someofthemnametheirchildrenafter（以……名字命名）amemberoftheirfamilytoshowtheirlove.Forexample,childrenmaybenamedafteragrandmotheroranuncle.Parentsmayalsogivechildrennamestoshowtheirwishes.Forexample,somechildren’snameshavesimilarmeaningstothewordsofgoodlookingorstrongbuild.Attimes,someparentsgivetheirchildrenunusualnames.Forexample,therehavebeenchildrennamedAppleorPeace.However,aschildrengrowup,someofthemwanttopicktheirnamesthemselves.Theymayfindanewnamethatfitsthembetter.Peoplehavedifferentopinionsaboutwhether（是否）childrenshouldbeallowedtochangetheirnames.Somepeoplesaychildrenshouldbeallowedtochangetheirnames.Thisisbecausesometimeschildrenwithunusualnamesaremadefunofbyothers.Also,somechildren’snamesaredifficulttospell.Otherpeoplesaythatchildrenshouldnotbeallowedtochangetheirnames.Thisislargelybecausechildrenchangealotastheygrow.Namechangingagainasanadultleadstotrouble.Inaddition,sinceparentsnamedtheirchildrenwithloveandcare,theymayfeelhurtifthechildwantstochangehisorhername.1.Whatisthepassageabout?A.Howparentsnamechildren. B.Whychildrenchangetheirnames.C.Whatarethebestnamesforchildren. D.Whetherchildrenshouldchangetheirnames.2.Howmanywaysdoparentsnametheirchildrenaccordingtothepassage?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“their”refertoinparagraph2?A.Grandparents’. B.Children’s. C.Parents’. D.Uncles’.4.Whatisthestructureofthepassage?A. B. C. D.20、Japanesecompanyhasfoundawaytoturnunwantedriceintoplastic(塑料的)things.OnecompanyisworkingwithfarmersinthetownofNamie.NearbyistheFukushimanuclear(原子核)center,closedsinceanuclearaccidentthereinMarch2011.JinichiAbeisalocalricefarmer.Hesayspeopledonotwanttobuyhisricebecausetheyworryitisradioactive(有辐射的).Now,hehasanewwaytosellhisrice.BiomassResin,acompanyfromTokyo,openedafactoryinNamieinNovember.Itturnsthericethereintoallkindsofthings,likeplastictoolsandshoppingbags.“Withoutgrowingrice,thistowncan’tgetbackoritsfeet,”the85-year-oldAbesaid.Sincetheaccident,hehastriedsellingriceasanimalfeed.“Evennow,wecan’tsellitasFukushimarice,”Abesaid.“SohavingBiomasscomewasahugehelp.”ThegovernmentorderedpeopleintheareatoleavewhenthenuclearaccidenthappenedandthenallowedsomepeopletoreturntotheirlivesinNamieafterabigcleanupin2017.Nowabout80percentofthetown’slandstillhasnoplantsandonlyabout2,000peoplelivethere.Therewere1,9000morepeopleinNamiebeforetheaccident.Since2017,eightcompanieshavecomebackandtheycreatedabout200jobs.Butthingsarestilldifficultforpeopleinthearea.TakemitsuImazuistheheadofBiomassResin.Hesays,“Bybuildingourfactoryhere,wewanttobringjobsandinvitepeopleback.”Imazualsointroducestheplasticthingsmadefromricearenotbiodegradable(可降解的),meaningtheycannotbebrokendownintootherthingsthroughnaturalprocesses(过程).However,mixingriceandplasticcutsdownonthecarbon(碳)neededduringthemakingprocess,headded.Inaddition,nuclearexpertssayricenaturallytakesinfewradioactivethings.1.WhatdoesAbemeanbysayingtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2?A.Fukushimariceisnotasdeliciousasitwasbeforetheaccidenthappened.B.Fukushimaricecan’tsellwellbecausepeoplethinkitisharmfultohealthC.FarmersinFukushimacan’tgrowgreatricebecauseofthenuclearaccident.D.Farmerscan'tsellFukushimaricebecauseittakesinmanyradioactivethings.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph5referto?A.Theplasticthingsmadefromrice. B.Theplasticthingsinourdailylife.C.ThericegrowninthetownNamie. D.Theshoppingbagsinsupermarkets.3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?A.Therewereabout1,9000peoplelivinginFukushimabeforetheaccident.B.EightcompaniescamebacktoFukushimaandhelpedthefarmersin2011.C.BiomassResinhascreatedenoughjobsforthepeoplelivinginFukushimaD.Usingricetomakeplasticthingscandosomethinggoodtotheenvironment4.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.AnewtechnologytohelpFukushima. B.AnewskilltogrowriceinFukushima.C.AnewtoolmadefromFukushimarice. D.AneweompanysellingriceinFukushima.五、完形填空（10分）21、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个能填入文中相应空白处的最佳答案。BernardShawwasn’tinterestedinclothes.Whenhewasyoung,hewas____1____poortobuygoodclothes.Whenhewas____2____,hedidnotweargoodclothes,either.Inearlydayshisclotheswere____3____oldthatthecolorsinthematerial(原料)faded(褪色)overtheyears.Laterinhislifehewasgladtodressdifferentlyfrom____4____men.Whentheywentoutineveningdressesintheevening,Shawdidnot.Evenwhenhewenttothetheater,hewas____5____anoldcoat.Itwasmadeofakindofmaterialthatheliked.Oneeveninghewenttoseeaplayinhisoldcoat.Atthedoorofthetheater,thegatekeeper____6____himfromenteringit.“____7____isthematter?”heaskedangrily.Themanpointedtotheoldcoat.“Don’tyoulikeit?”Shawcried,“Ifyoudon’tlikeit,I’ll____8____.”Afewminuteslater,hewalkedtowardshisplaceinthetheater____9____thecoat,butthemanfollowedhim,cryingloudly,“Stop!Youcan’tgoinlikethat!”Shaw’s____10____faceturnedblack,“DoyouthinkI’mgoingtotakeoffanymore?”1.A.very B.too C.quite D.so2.A.older B.stronger C.taller D.younger3.A.such B.very C.so D.too4.A.other B.others C.another D.theother5.A.wear B.dress C.puton D.in6.A.asked B.stood C.stopped D.protected7.A.How B.What C.Which D.Why8.A.takeitoff B.takeoffit C.putiton D.putonit9.A.in B.on C.with D.without10.A.happy B.angry C.sad D.worried六、阅读表达（10分）22、用完整的句子回答问题Myfriend,Amy,oncesaidtome,“Travellingaloneisalife-changingexperience.”ItravelledalonealotwhenIwasinmyearly20sandIlovedit.Theexperiencesoftravellingalonemakememoreadventurous(有冒险精神的).Ithinkeveryoneshouldtryatleastonceintheirlives.NowI’mmarried.Igoeverywherewithmyhusbandandit’sjustnotthesame.Thefeelingofbeingonanadventurehasgone.Imisstravellingalone.Ithenthoughtofmyfirstsolo(单独的)triptoSouthAmerica.IwenttoSouthAmericaandstayedthereforsixmonths.Ifindhavingholidayswithotherpeopleisnotasexcitingastravellingalone.Idon’tmeetadventureswiththembutIcanexperiencealotalone.Whentravellingbymyself,IcanchoosefromminutetominutewhatIwilldonext.IcanvisitaplacethatIdidn’tplantoseebefore.Icangotherewithouthavingtoagreewithanyonefirst.ItrytosolveallmyproblemsbymyselfandIbecomemoreindependent(独立的).However,thereisjustonethingthatisnotsogoodforme.IalwayshopethattheplacesIwillvisithavegoodhotelsandsafetransportroutes(路线).SoeverytimebeforeIbeginmysolotrip,Ihavetomakesureifthehotelisgoodorthetransportroutesaresafe.1.Whendidthewritertravelalonealot?_______________________________2.Whodoesthewritergoeverywherewithnow?_______________________________3.Whichismoreexcitingforthewriter,havingholidayswithotherpeopleortravellingalone?_______________________________4.HowlongdidthewriterstayduringherfirstsolotriptoSouthAmerica?_______________________________5.Whatdoesthewriterhavetomakesurebeforehersolotrip?_______________________________七、书面表达（20分）作为一名学生，在和同学们的朝夕相处中，你们之间难免会有争执，你是如何处理和他/她的关系呢？请根据以下提示和要求，用英文写篇文章描述你的经历及感受。内容提示问题：1.Haveyoueverarguedwithyourclassmate?2.Whydidyouarguewithhim/her?3.Whatdidyoudotodealwiththeproblem?4.Whatdidyoulearnfromthisexperience?5.Howcanyougetonwellwithyourclassmates?写作要求：1.要点齐全，可适当发挥，书写规范。2.文中不得出现考生真实姓名和校名。3.字数：100词左右。（开头已给出，不计入总词数）Asastudent,itisinterestingforustostudytogether,playtogether,thereareoftensomeargumentsamongtheclassmates.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案一、单项选择（共10小题，满分20分）1、B【解析】【详解】句意：根据法律，你骑电动自行车时必须戴头盔。考查情态动词。can能，表示能力；must必须，表命令；may可以，表允许；could能，can的过去式；根据“Accordingtolaw”可知法律规定必须戴头盔，用must。故选B。2、B【解析】【详解】句意：——昨天我去找你时，你不在家。——哦，我那是正在机场等一位来自英国的朋友。考查时态。根据“atthatmoment”可知，此处用过去进行时(was/weredoing)，故选B。3、—WherewasTomatthatmoment?—He________amathproblemwithhisteacherontheinternet.A.discussed B.wasdiscussing C.willdiscuss4、D【解析】【详解】句意：至于宴会上的食物，一切都在安排之中。考查介词和介词短语。of……的；with和……一起；on在……上面；for为了。asfor“至于”，故选D。5、A【解析】【详解】句意：——汤姆明天能来参加我的生日聚会吗？——我不确定。如果他来这里，他会为你准备一些礼物。考查时态。句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现，主句用一般将来时willdo，从句用一般现在时，从句主语是he，从句谓语动词用单三。故选A。6、A【解析】【详解】句意：——对聋哑人来说，学习肢体语言很有用。——是的，这是他们主要的交流方式。考查名词辨析。communication交流；invitation邀请；conversation对话；introduction介绍。根据“It’susefulforthedeafpeopletolearnbodylanguage.”可知肢体语言是聋哑人一种交流方式。故选A。7、B【解析】【详解】句意：——哇，温迪，用你的手机做一个短视频真是太酷了。——只需要一个叫剪映的软件。我来教你怎么用。考查“疑问词+动词不定式”。根据“JustwithasoftwarecalledJianying.”可知要教对方如何使用剪映这个软件，用howtouseit。故选B。8、D【解析】【详解】句意：有了互联网，人们很容易了解世界各地正在发生的事情。考查it作形式主语。根据“...iseasyforpeopletoknowwhatishappeningaroundtheworld.”可知，此处使用it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语，故选D。9、B【解析】【详解】句意：——我必须先完成作业。恐怕我不能和你一起去购物了。——真遗憾！考查情节交际。Welldone!做得好；Whatapity!真遗憾；Goodjob!做得好。根据“I’mafraidIcan’tgoshoppingwithyou.”可知，很遗憾不能一起去购物，故选B。10、A【解析】【详解】句意：大熊猫一次只能生一或两个孩子。考查介词短语。atatime每次；fromtimetotime不时；atthesametime同时；ontime按时。根据“Agiantpandacanonlyhaveoneortwobabies”可知，此处填“每次”符合语境，其他选项语意不通。故选A。二、完成句子（共5小题，满分10分）11、Don’tforgettoarriveontime【解析】【详解】forgettodosth“忘记做某事”，arrive“到达”，ontime“按时”，此处是祈使句的否定形式don’t+动词原形，故填Don’tforgettoarriveontime“不要忘了按时到达”。12、Whatisitfor【解析】【详解】根据标点符号可知，组成的句子应是一个疑问句。分析所给词，what是特殊疑问词，后面跟一般疑问句，所以is应在it前；for表示用途，介词。故填Whatisitfor“它是做什么用的”。13、Howmuchis【解析】【详解】根据语境可知，句子为特殊疑问句，询问价格应使用特殊疑问词howmuch，由“thissweater”可知主语为单数形式，be动词用is。故填Howmuchis。14、Shewasplayingthepianoatthistimeyesterday【解析】【详解】根据图片及“WhatwasLucydoingatthistimeyesterday?”可知，此处应回答“昨天这个时候她正在弹钢琴”，句子应用过去进行时，主语是第三人称单数she，谓语结构为wasdoing，playthepiano“弹钢琴”，时间状语是atthistimeyesterday，故填Shewasplayingthepianoatthistimeyesterday。15、(F)allen【解析】【详解】句意：暴风雨过后，附近一片狼藉。倒下的树、破碎的窗户和垃圾随处可见。根据“Theneighborhoodwasinamessafterthestorm.”及所给的首字母提示可知，这里指倒下的树，fallen意为“倒下的”，形容词作定语，首字母大写。故填(F)allen。三、补全对话（10分）16、1.D2.E3.A4.F5.B【解析】【导语】本文是一则对话，Mary和Anna就给Jenny买生日礼物展开对话。【1题详解】根据“Metoo.I’mjustthinkingaboutthegift”可知是问对方有没有收到邀请，选项D“你呢？”符合语境，故选D。【2题详解】根据“Well,shelikesreading.Whynotgetherbooks?”可知此处是问对方有什么好的想法，选项E“你有什么好主意吗？”符合语境，故选E。【3题详解】根据“Ithinkshe’llbehappytogetthem.”可知认为对方的主意很好，选项A“听起来不错。”符合语境，故选A。【4题详解】根据“Willyouaskyourparentsformoney?”和“I’vealreadysavedmypocketmoney.”可知此处应作否定回答，选项F“当然不是。”符合语境，故选F。【5题详解】根据“Greatjob.Learningtosaveandusemoneyarebothimportanttous.”可知此处是和省钱或使用钱有关。选项B“我也用它来帮助有需要的人。”符合语境，故选B。四、阅读理解（40分）17、1.B2.D3.A4.C5.C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了现在青少年想让自己变得像BM女孩一样，但是专家建议只有身体健康，你才会看起来漂亮，文章提出了一些让自己更幸福的建议。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“withslenderwaists(细腰)andlongandthinlegs.”可知BM女孩细腰，腿又长又细。故选B。【2题详解】词义猜测题。根据“Someeventrytoloseweightinunhealthyways,justtolooklikethem.”可知有些人努力减肥，只是为了看起来像BM女孩，故此处划线部分意为“体重”。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“ManyteenagerswanttolooklikeBMgirls.Someeventrytoloseweightinunhealthyways,justtolooklikethem.”可知很多青少年想要像BM女孩，这些女孩都很瘦。故选A。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据“Youlookbeautifulonlyifyouarehealthy!”可知只有身体健康，你才会看起来漂亮，所以健康是一种美。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据“Followbody-positive(对身体持积极态度的)peopleonsocialmedia.”“Practicethankingyourbody”以及“Keepahealthylifestyle”可知共提到了三条建议。故选C。18、1.C2.D3.B【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了Ramon的祖母给他留了一套房子，它非常古老。在晚上看起来真的很可怕，他住在里面很害怕。但是第二天当他看到阳光下美丽的院子时，又喜欢上了它。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据“Boom!Aclapofthunder（一声霹雳）madetheoldhouseshake.Ramonstayedunderhisbed.”可知Ramon听到打雷声感到很害怕，故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Thetreesoutsidehiswindowslookedlikemonsters（怪物）inthedark.”可知房子外面有树，故选D。【3题详解】词义猜测题。根据“Thebranches（树枝）lookedlikelongarms.Theywaved（飘动）whenthewindblew.”（树枝看起来像长臂。它们在刮风时挥手。）可知they指的是树枝，故选B。19、1.D2.B3.C4.D【解析】【导语】本文介绍了西方国家如何给孩子起名字，同时介绍了对于孩子长大是否改名的看法。【1题详解】主旨大意题。根据“Peoplehavedifferentopinionsaboutwhether（是否）childrenshouldbeallowedtochangetheirnames.”可知本文介绍了关于是否改名字的看法。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Someofthemnametheirchildrenafteramemberoftheirfamilytoshowtheirlove.”、“Parentsmayalsogivechildrennamestoshowtheirwishes.”和“Attimes,someparentsgivetheirchildrenunusualnames.”可知本文介绍了三种起名方法。故选B。【3题详解】词义推断题。根据“Parentsmayalsogivechildrennamestoshowtheirwishes.”可知父母起名表达父母的心愿。故选C。【4题详解】篇章结构题。第一段开头引出起名，第二段具体介绍西方国家家长如何起名，第三段和第四段并列，介绍了赞成孩子改名字和不赞成改名字的观点。故选D。20、1.D2.A3.D4.A【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了一家日本公司将废弃的大米转化为塑料制品的方法。【1题详解】词句猜测题。根据“Evennow,wecan'tsellitasFukushimarice”以及“Hesayspeopledonotwanttobuyhisricebecausetheyworryitisradioactive(有辐射的).”可知划线句的意思是农民不能出售福岛大米，因为它会吸收许多放射性物质。故选D。【2题详解】代词指代题。根据“Imazualsointroducestheplasticthingsmadefromricearenotbiodegradable(可降解的),meaningtheycannotbebrokendownintootherthingsthroughnaturalprocesses(过程).”（Imazu还介绍说，用大米制成的塑料制品是不可生物降解的，这意味着它们不能通过自然过程分解成其他东西。）可知they指的是用大米制成的塑料制品。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Imazualsointroducestheplasticthingsmadefromricearenotbiodegradable(可降解的),meaningtheycannotbebrokendownintootherthingsthroughnaturalprocesses(过程).However,mixingriceandplasticcutsdownonthecarbon(碳)neededduringthemakingprocess,headded.”（Imazu还介绍说，用大米制成的塑料制品是不可生物降解的，这意味着它们不能通过自然过程分解成其他东西。然而，他补充说，将大米和塑料混合在一起可以减少制作过程中所需的碳。）可知用大米做塑料制品对环境有好处。故选D。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据“AJapanesecompanyhasfoundawaytoturnunwantedriceintoplastic(塑料的)things.OnecompanyisworkingwithfarmersinthetownofNamie.NearbyistheFukushimanuclear(原子核)center,closedsinceanuclearaccidentthereinMarch2011.”（一家日本公司找到了一种方法，可以把不需要的大米变成塑料制品。一家公司正在与浪江镇的农民合作。附近是福岛核中心，自2011年3月发生核事故以来一直关闭。）和全文可知，本文主要讲述了一家日本公司将废弃的大米转化为塑料制品的方法，故选A。五、完形填空（10分）21、1.B2.A3.C4.A5.D6.C7.B8.A9.D10.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一直对衣服不感兴趣的Shaw，一次穿着旧外套去剧院，看门人因为他的外套不让他进去，他脱了外套，看门人依然阻止他，他很生气地说“你认为我还能再脱吗”。【1题详解】句意：当他年轻时他太穷了以至于不能买好衣服。very非常；too太；quite相当；so如此。too...to...“太……而不能……”符合语境，故选B。【2题详解】句意：当他年龄大些时，他也不穿好衣服。older较老的；stronger更强壮的；taller更高的；younger更年轻的。根据“Whenhewasyoung”可知此处应是说他年龄大一些时，故选A。【3题详解】句意：早年他的衣服是如此的旧以至于原料的颜色已随着时间的流逝褪色。such如此，修饰名词；very非常；so如此，修饰形容词或副词；too太。so/such...that...“如此……以至于……”符合语境，其后old为形容词，故选C。【4题详解】句意：后来在他的生活里，他乐意和其他的人穿的不一样。other其他的，形容词，后面通常接复数名词；others其他的，代词；another另一，形容词，后面通常接单数名词；theother另一个，代词。此处应填形容词作定语，且其后men为复数，故选A。【5题详解】句意：甚至去剧院，他穿着一件旧外套。wear穿着，动词；dress穿，动词；puton穿上，动词；in穿着，介词。根据“was”并结合备选项可知此处应填介词作表语，故选D。【6题详解】句意：在剧院门口，看门人阻止他进入。asked问；stood站；stopped停止；protected保护。stopsb.fromdoingsth.“阻止某人做某事”符合语境，故选C。【7题详解】句意：怎么了？how怎样；what什么；which哪一个；why为什么。what’sthematter“怎么了”符合语境，故选B。【8题详解】句意：如果你不喜欢它，我将脱掉它。takeitoff脱掉它；takeoffit错误表达；putiton穿上它；putonit错误表达。根据“Ifyoudon’tlikeit”可知应是脱掉外套，故选A。【9题详解】句意：几分钟后他没有穿外套走向剧院里他的位置。in在……里；on在……上；with有；without没有。