文库发布：第11章hsrp冯刚

实验时间：实验人：冯刚实验名称：HSRP实验任务和目标：任务1.按照实验要求连接拓扑。任务2.完成组100【ROUTER1为ACTIVE】与组200【ROUTER4为ACTIVE】的HSRP配置【指定各组成员使用虚拟网关MAC地址做ARP响应】实现VS1与VS2之间通过虚拟网关互通。任务3.使用SNIFFER捕获HSRP数据包，验证在选举过程当中是先选择STANDBY，还是先ACTIVE【被动状态可以使用DEBUGSTANDBY命令补充】。任务4.验证端口跟踪的配置，以及跟踪效果【截图验证】。相关命令补充：虚拟路由器的ip做icmp重定向应答：(config-if)#standbyredirectsenable(这个命令没有用上)实验拓扑及网络规划：实验操作过程及配置说明：Router1E0/0<---->Router3E0/0Router1E0/1<---->Switch1F0/1Router2E0/0<---->Router4E0/0Router2E0/1<---->Switch1F0/0Router3E0/1<---->Switch2F0/1Router4E0/1<---->Switch2F0/0Switch1F0/2<---->XPCP0/1Switch2F0/2<---->VPCSV0/1实验结果【可以是截屏图片】：详细过配置见下.请老师多多指教.谢谢.总结和分析、结论：IP相关配置。r1(config)#ine0/0r1(config-if)#ipadd192.168.1.1255.255.255.0r1(config-if)#noshr1(config-if)#exitr1(config)#ine0/1r1(config-if)#ipadd172.16.1.1255.255.255.0r1(config-if)#noshr1(config-if)#exitr1(config)#doshowipinbrInterfaceIP-AddressOK?MethodStatusProtocolEthernet0/0192.168.1.1YESmanualupupEthernet0/1172.16.1.1YESmanualupupEthernet0/2unassignedYESunsetadministrativelydowndownEthernet0/3unassignedYESunsetadministrativelydowndownr1(config)#r2(config)#ine0/0r2(config-if)#ipadd192.168.2.1255.255.255.0r2(config-if)#noshr2(config-if)#exit、r2(config)#ine0/1r2(config-if)#ipadd172.16.1.2255.255.255.0r2(config-if)#noshr2(config-if)#exit、r2(config)#doshowipinbrInterfaceIP-AddressOK?MethodStatusProtocolEthernet0/0192.168.2.1YESmanualupupEthernet0/1172.16.1.2YESmanualupupEthernet0/2unassignedYESunsetadministrativelydowndownEthernet0/3unassignedYESunsetadministrativelydowndownr2(config)#r3(config)#ine0/0r3(config-if)#ipadd192.168.1.2255.255.255.0r3(config-if)#noshr3(config-if)#exitr3(config)#ine0/1r3(config-if)#ipadd10.0.0.1255.255.255.0r3(config-if)#noshr3(config-if)#exitr3(config)#doshowipinbrInterfaceIP-AddressOK?MethodStatusProtocolEthernet0/0192.168.1.2YESmanualupupEthernet0/110.0.0.1YESmanualupupEthernet0/2unassignedYESunsetadministrativelydowndownEthernet0/3unassignedYESunsetadministrativelydowndownr3(config)#r4(config)#ine0/0r4(config-if)#noipaddr4(config-if)#ipadd192.168.2.2255.255.255.0r4(config-if)#exitr4(config)#ine0/1r4(config-if)#ipadd10.0.0.2255.255.255.0r4(config-if)#noshr4(config-if)#exitr4(config)#doshowipinbrInterfaceIP-AddressOK?MethodStatusProtocolEthernet0/0192.168.2.2YESmanualupupEthernet0/110.0.0.2YESmanualupupEthernet0/2unassignedYESunsetadministrativelydowndownEthernet0/3unassignedYESunsetadministrativelydowndownr1(config)#routerripr1(config-router)#net192.168.1.0r1(config-router)#net172.16.1.0r1(config-router)#exitr2(config)#routerripr2(config-router)#net192.168.2.0r2(config-router)#net172.16.1.0r2(config-router)#exir3(config)#routerripr3(config-router)#net192.168.1.0r3(config-router)#net10.0.0.0r3(config-router)#exitr4(config)#routerripr4(config-router)#net192.168.2.0r4(config-router)#net10.0.0.0r4(config-router)#exitr1#showiprouteCodes:C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2i-IS-IS,su-IS-ISsummary,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2ia-IS-ISinterarea,*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticrouteo-ODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotset172.16.0.0/24issubnetted,1subnetsC172.16.1.0isdirectlyconnected,Ethernet0/1R10.0.0.0/8[120/1]via192.168.1.2,00:00:26,Ethernet0/0C192.168.1.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Ethernet0/0R192.168.2.0/24[120/1]via172.16.1.2,00:00:24,Ethernet0/1r1#r4#showiprouteCodes:C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2i-IS-IS,su-IS-ISsummary,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2ia-IS-ISinterarea,*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticrouteo-ODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotsetR172.16.0.0/16[120/1]via192.168.2.1,00:00:03,Ethernet0/010.0.0.0/24issubnetted,1subnetsC10.0.0.0isdirectlyconnected,Ethernet0/1R192.168.1.0/24[120/1]via10.0.0.1,00:00:15,Ethernet0/1C192.168.2.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Ethernet0/0r4#配置前测试。配置组100r1(config)#ine0/1r1(config-if)#standby100ip172.16.1.254配置R1为HSRP成员。r1(config-if)#standby100priority200优先级为200。r1(config-if)#noipredirects关闭端口重定向。r1(config-if)#standby100preempt配置占先权。r1(config-if)#standby100tracke0/0100配置端口跟踪。r1(config-if)#exitr1(config)#exir1#showstandbyEthernet0/1-Group100（组号）StateisActive2statechanges,laststatechange00:01:41VirtualIPaddressis172.16.1.254（虚拟IP）ActivevirtualMACaddressis0000.0c07.ac64（虚拟MAC地址）LocalvirtualMACaddressis0000.0c07.ac64(v1default)Hellotime3sec,holdtime10sec（Hello时间和保持时间）1：3Nexthellosentin0.488secsPreemptionenabledActiverouterislocal（活跃路由器）Standbyrouterisunknown（备份路由器不知，是因为还没有配置）Priority200(configured200)（优先级）TrackinterfaceEthernet0/0stateUpdecrement100（跟踪端口详细信息）IPredundancynameis"hsrp-Et0/1-100"(default)r1#r2(config)#ine0/1r2(config-if)#standby100ip172.16.1.254r2(config-if)#noipredirectsr2(config-if)#standby100priority150r2(config-if)#standby100preemptr2(config)#exitr2#showstandbyEthernet0/1-Group100StateisStandby1statechange,laststatechange00:00:36VirtualIPaddressis172.16.1.254ActivevirtualMACaddressis0000.0c07.ac64LocalvirtualMACaddressis0000.0c07.ac64(v1default)Hellotime3sec,holdtime10secNexthellosentin2.296secsPreemptionenabledActiverouteris172.16.1.1,priority200(expiresin8.120sec)（活跃路由器）Standbyrouterislocal（备分路由器为本地）Priority150(configured150)IPredundancynameis"hsrp-Et0/1-100"(default)r2#r1#showstandbyEthernet0/1-Group100StateisActive2statechanges,laststatechange00:20:22VirtualIPaddressis172.16.1.254ActivevirtualMACaddressis0000.0c07.ac64LocalvirtualMACaddressis0000.0c07.ac64(v1default)Hellotime3sec,holdtime10secNexthellosentin1.584secsPreemptionenabledActiverouterislocalStandbyrouteris172.16.1.2,priority150(expiresin9.396sec)（配置完后显示成功）Priority200(configured200)TrackinterfaceEthernet0/0stateUpdecrement100IPredundancynameis"hsrp-Et0/1-100"(default)r1#总结：当配置一边的HSRP100以后，可以从172.16.1.3PING到10.0.0.3.并且。是通的。但是。要注意的是，你在ping向10.0.0.3时，因为对端还没有配置HSRP，也就是还没有虚拟的网关。此时，他有两条路径通向172.168.1.3.分别为：10.0.0.1,10.0.0.2所以你要先ping通它们两个其中一个，是为指明让回去的数据通过那条路径。这样就通了，反之不能通的。HSRP200相关配置。r4(config)#ine0/1r4(config-if)#standby200ip10.0.0.254r4(config-if)#noipredirectsr4(config-if)#standby200priority200r4(config-if)#standby200preemptr4(config-if)#standby200tracke0/0100r4#showstandbyEthernet0/1-Group200StateisActive2statechanges,laststatechange00:00:40VirtualIPaddressis10.0.0.254ActivevirtualMACaddressis0000.0c07.acc8LocalvirtualMACaddressis0000.0c07.acc8(v1default)Hellotime3sec,holdtime10secNexthellosentin1.620secsPreemptionenabledActiverouterislocalStandbyrouterisunknownPriority200(configured200)TrackinterfaceEthernet0/0stateUpdecrement100IPredundancynameis"hsrp-Et0/1-200"(default)r4#r3(config)#ine0/1r3(config-if)#standby200ip10.0.0.254r3(config-if)#noipredirectsr3(config-if)#standby200priorityr3(config-if)#standby200priority150r3(config-if)#standby200preemptr3(config-if)#exitr3(config)#exitr3#showstandbyEthernet0/1-Group200StateisStandby1statechange,laststatechange00:00:45VirtualIPaddressis10.0.0.254ActivevirtualMACaddressis0000.0c07.acc8LocalvirtualMACaddressis0000.0c07.acc8(v1default)Hellotime3sec,holdtime10secNexthellosentin2.220secsPreemptionenabledActiverouteris10.0.0.2,priority200(expiresin9.612sec)StandbyrouterislocalPriority150(configured150)IPredundancynameis"hsrp-Et0/1-200"(default)r3#r4#showstandbyEthernet0/1-Group200StateisActive2statechanges,laststatechange00:02:50VirtualIPaddressis10.0.0.254ActivevirtualMACaddressis0000.0c07.acc8LocalvirtualMACaddressis0000.0c07.acc8(v1default)Hellotime3sec,holdtime10secNexthellosentin0.076secsPreemptionenabledActiverouterislocalStandbyrouteris10.0.0.1,priority150(expiresin9.020sec)Priority200(configured200)TrackinterfaceEthernet0/0stateUpdecrement100IPredundancynameis"hsrp-Et0/1-200"(default)r4#总结：以上情况表明配置OK。可以互通。查看详细信息。r1#debugstandbyHSRPdebuggingisonr1#*Mar102:00:01.399:HSRP:Et0/1Grp100Helloout172.16.1.1Activepri200vIP172.16.1.254（R1）r1#*Mar102:00:02.615:HSRP:Et0/1Grp100Helloin172.16.1.2Standbypri150vIP172.16.1.254（R2）r4#debugstandbyHSRPdebuggingisonr4#*Mar102:02:35.255:HSRP:Et0/1Grp200Helloin10.0.0.1Standbypri150vIP10.0.0.254（R3）r4#*Mar102:02:37.547:HSRP:Et0/1Grp200Helloout10.0.0.2Activepri200vIP10.0.0.254（R4）总结：以上结果可以看到。R1和R4之间。HSRP的详细信息。在HSRP100中R1为活跃路由器。R2为备份路由器。在HSRP100中R4为活跃路由器。R3为备份路由器。测试HSRP之间的切换占先和跟踪的功能。1.HSRP100测试.r1(config)#ine0/0(down掉HSRP100外部跟踪端口e0/0)r1(config-if)#shr2(config-if)#exitr1#debugstandby(查看详细结果)*Mar102:12:12.235:HSRP:Et0/1Grp100Helloout172.16.1.1Standbypri100vIP172.16.1.254（R