备考2025届高考英语一轮复习基础自测第一部分过透教材Unit4AdversityandCourage新人教版选择性必修第三册

Unit4AdversityandCourage基础默写Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形1.wagen.工资2.bitteradj.寒冷的；味苦的3.aboardadv.&prep.上（船、飞机、公共汽车等）4.sinkvi.（过去式sank/sunk；过去分词sunk）沉没；下沉；下降vt.使下沉；使沉没5.blanketn.毯子6.decentadj.相当不错的；正派的；得体的7.genuineadj.真正的；真诚的8.thoroughadj.深化的；彻底的；细致的9.barkvi.&n.（狗）吠叫；吠叫声10.batn.球拍；蝙蝠vi.&vt.用球板击球；拍打11.recreationn.消遣；消遣；嬉戏12.candidaten.候选人；应试者Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变1.qualifyvt.（使）合格；（使）具备资格→qualifiedadj.符合资格；具备……的学问（或技能、学历等）→qualificationn.资格；资格2.enthusiasmn.热忱；热心→enthusiasticadj.热忱的；热心的→enthusiasticallyadv.热忱地3.assignvt.分派；布置；支配→assignmentn.（工作等的）分派；布置4.envyn.&vt.艳羡；嫉妒→enviousadj.嫉妒的→enviableadj.令人艳羡的；引起忌妒的5.abandonvt.放弃；舍弃；抛弃→abandonedadj.被遗弃的；放纵的6.belongvi.适应；属于→belongingsn.[pl.]财物；动产7.selfn.自身；本性；自我→selfishadj.自私的→selflessadj.无私的8.perseverevi.坚持；孜孜以求→perseverancen.毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神9.resolvevi.&vt.确定；决心；解决（问题或困难）n.决心；坚决的信念→resolutionn.决议；解决；坚决10.fortunateadj.幸运的→fortunatelyadv.幸运地→unfortunateadj.不幸的→unfortunatelyadv.不幸地；缺憾地→fortunen.大笔钱；运气11.guidevt.指导n.向导；指南→guidancen.指导；引导；导航12.advertisevt.&vi.公布；宣扬；做广告→advertisementn.广告；宣扬→advertisingn.广告活动；广告业13.loyaladj.忠诚的；忠实的→loyaltyn.忠诚；忠实14.commitvt.犯（罪）；承诺→committedadj.忠诚的；坚决的→commitmentn.承诺；保证；奉献15.motiven.动机；缘由；目的→motivatevt.成为……的动机；激发；激励→motivationn.动力；诱因Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意1.adversityn.逆境；逆境2.expeditionn.探险；远征；探险队3.endurancen.忍耐力；耐久力4.cupboardn.橱柜；壁橱；衣柜5.voyagen.&vi.航海；航行6.navyn.海军；海军部队7.crueladj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的8.furnituren.家具9.dampadj.潮湿的；湿气重的10.nephewn.侄子；外甥11.corporateadj.公司的；法人的；社团的12.motorn.发动机；马达adj.有引擎的；机动车的Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配1.attheageof在……岁时2.turnsb.down拒绝（某人）3.beenthusiasticabout热衷于4.setoff动身5.keepone’sspiritsup振作精神6.frombadtoworse每况愈下7.makeit获得胜利8.cheersb.up使某人振作起来9.makefire生火10.giveoff放出（热、光、气味或气体）Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用1.Well，itsohappenedthatonemorningIboughtanewspaperandreadtheadvertisementabouttheAntarcticexpedition.（Ithappenedthat...）好吧，碰巧有一天早上我买了份报纸，看到了这则有关南极探险的广告。2.Wearenowcampedontheiceandwehavebeenmanagingtosurvive，butspringiscoming，andtheicewillsoonbegintomelt.（现在完成进行时）我们现在在冰上扎营，我们始终设法生存下来，但春天要来了，冰很快就会起先溶化。3.Soonafterwearrived...thevoyagewastoodangerousanddifficultforallofustomakeitinoursmallboats.（too...to...）我们到了不久之后……这次航行对我们全部人来说太紧急、太困难，以至于我们无法用小船去完成。4.HowcouldIbecomeasselfishandbad-temperedasThomasOrde-Lees！（as...as...）我怎么会变得像托马斯·奥德利斯那样自私又脾气急躁呢！5.Ifitweren’tforseaanimals，wewouldallstarve.（if引导的虚拟条件句）假如没有海洋动物，我们都会饿死。语境自测Ⅰ.单词拼法（用本单元词汇）1.Snowforcedmanydriverstoabandontheirvehiclesandwalk.2.Wehavegiventhewholeclassroomathoroughcleananditlooksneatandtidynow.3.Thewheelsstartedtoothemud.4.Amywaschosenforthejobbecausesherankedfirstamongcandidates.5.Genuinefriendsdaretotellyouthetruth，evenifitishard.6.Donotleavebehindanypersonalbelongingswhengettingoffthebus.7.FortheSmiths，Saturdayafternoonisforrecreationandoutings.Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Shehasbeenqualifiedforteachingsinceshegotthequalificationlastyear.（qualify）2.Iamenthusiasticabouthistoricalfiction.WhereverIam，Icanreadstoriesaboutthosehistoricalfiguresfullofenthusiasm.（enthusiastic）3.MrWangisacommittedmemberoftheteam，whohascommittedlargeamountsoftimetothetraining.Suchcommitmentencouragesusalot.（commit）4.Cigaretteadvertisinghasbeenbanned.Thatmeansyouwillseenomorerelativeadvertisements，becauseadvertisingcigarettesmayleadtomoresmokers.（advertise）5.Successisoftentheresultofperseverance.Aslongasyoucanperseveredespitedifficulties，youcansucceed.（persevere）6.Selflesspeoplearealwaysreadytohelpothers，whileselfishpeopleonlycareaboutthemselves.（self）Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子gofrombadtoworse turndown giveoffaheadof cheerup1.Itisthecustomforgueststocomeaheadoftimeinsteadofontimeinsomecountries.2.SheturneddownmyapplicationbecauseshethoughtIlackedexperience.3.Thereportpointsthatmanyhouseholdproductstendtogiveoffharmfulfumes.4.Wehopeforanimprovementbutthingsgofrombadtoworse.5.Cheerup！Whenyousmileinfrontofit，itwillalsosmileatyou.Ⅳ.句式仿写1.她打电话时，那家人碰巧出去度假了。（Ithappenedthat...）Ithappenedthatthefamilywasoutforvacationwhenshecalled.2.赢得第一名之后，他晚上激烈得睡不着觉。（too...to...）Afterwinningthefirstprize，hewastooexcitedtofallasleepatnight.3.时间过得真快！我们相互寄明信片已经有六年了。（现在完成进行时）Howtimeflies！Wehavebeensendingpostcardstoeachotherforsixyears.4.这棵树是那个人的五倍高，但他只是脱下外套，坚决坚决地起先爬了起来。（as...as...）Thetreewasfivetimesastallasth