Unit1Laughoutloud!Usinglanguage语法课件-高中英语选择性【01】

Unit1Laughoutloud!Non-definingAttributiveClausesB4U1Drawamindmapofattributiveclauses.

物:人:修饰名词、代词或整句，在句中做定语的从句先行词+关系词+从句that,which,whosewho,whose,that,whomwhen,where,why非限制性?定义

Non-definingAttributiveClauses注意非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不密切，它与先行词之间常用逗号隔开。需注意的是，that和why不能引导非限制性定语从句。是对先行词加以描述、解释或补充说明的定语从句。它不是句中不可或缺的部分，去掉此句不会影响主句意思的完整性。非限制性定语从句aIwalkthroughthedoorsintothewaitingarea,wherethere’safamiliaratmosphereofboredomandtension.b...laughterproduceschemicalstomakepeoplefeelbetter,whichmeansclowndoctorscanbehelpful.cIspentmuchofthetimewhenIwastherefeelingfrightened...Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.1

Whatdo“where”，“which”and“when”refertoineachsentence?where指代thewaitingarea。which指代laughterproduceschemicalstomakepeoplefeelbetter.when指代muchofthetime。 aIwalkthroughthedoorsintothewaitingarea,wherethere’safamiliaratmosphereofboredomandtension.b...laughterproduceschemicalstomakepeoplefeelbetter,whichmeansclowndoctorscanbehelpful.cIspentmuchofthetimewhenIwastherefeelingfrightened...Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.2

Whichsentencescontainaclausewithessentialinformation（基本信息）andwhichwithextrainformation（附加信息）?Ifyoutakeawaytheclauses,dothesentencesstillmakesense?aIwalkthroughthedoorsintothewaitingarea,wherethere’safamiliaratmosphereofboredomandtension.b...laughterproduceschemicalstomakepeoplefeelbetter,whichmeansclowndoctorscanbehelpful.cIspentmuchofthetimewhenIwastherefeelingfrightened...Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.a和b中的从句用逗号分隔，是含有附加信息的从句。c是含有基本信息的从句。 NowlookformoresentenceswithNon-definingAttributiveClausesinthereadingpassage.2)

Ispeakwiththeon-dutynurse，whotellsmethatLara’sparentsrushedhertothehospitalaftershefelloffherbicycle.

(Para2)3)Wehaveto...workcloselywiththedoctorsandnurses，whokeepusupdatedoneachpatient.

(Para4)一、关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句1.whichwhich指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。Iboughtanovelyesterday，whichwaswrittenbyHanHan.我昨天买了一本小说，是韩寒写的。ChinaDailyattractsaworldwidereadership,whichshowsthatmoreandmorepeopleallover

theworldwanttolearnaboutChina.《中国日报》有着全球的读者群，这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国。一、关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句2.who

who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。Myfather，whohascurlyhair，isanexcellentcook.我的父亲有一头卷发，他是个很棒的厨师。LiHua,whoisourmonitor,waspraisedbyourteacheryesterday.李华是我们的班长，昨天被我们的老师表扬了。一、关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句3.whom

whom指人，在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，一般不能省略。Peter,whomyoumetinLondon,isgoingtoParisnextweek.你在伦敦见过的那个彼得，下周将要去巴黎。ThisisPeter，whomyouhaven’tmetbefore.这是彼得，你以前没见过他。一、关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句4.whose

whose既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。Theboy，whosefatherisanengineer，studiesveryhard.这个男孩学习很努力，他的爸爸是一位工程师。Thebooksonthedesk,whosecoversareshiny,areprizesforus.桌上那些封面闪亮的书是为我们准备的奖品。一、关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句5.as

as既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语。Heforgottobringhispenwithhim，aswasoftenthecase.他忘了带笔，这是常有的事。Asweallknow,smokingisharmfultopeople'shealth.

众所周知，吸烟对人的健康有害。（as在从句中作宾语）（as在从句中作主语）关系代词aswhich指代引导从句时只能指代整个主句的内容引导从句时既可指代整个主句的内容，又可指代主句的一部分位置可位于主句之前、之中或之后引导从句时不能位于主句之前意义正如，像这，那注意：as/which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别as引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词是整个主句。从句可位于主句前或主句后，也可位于主句中间。as引导的定语从句表示说话人的看法、态度或评论，as仍具有“正如，像”等意思。Sheisalwaysworkinghard,aseveryonecansee.

正如大家所看到的那样，她一直工作很努力。Asweallknow,smokingisharmfultopeople'shealth.

众所周知，吸烟对人的健康有害。注意：as/which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别which引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词既可以是一个词，也可以是整个主句或主句的部分内容。which引导的定语从句通常位于主句的后面。which引导的定语从句对主句叙述的内容进行补充说明，常译为“这一点，这件事”等。Thebook,whichIboughtyesterday,isveryinstructive.这本书是我昨天买的，很有教育意义。Tomwasalwayslateforschool,whichmadehisteacherveryangry.汤姆上学总是迟到，这让他的老师很生气。注意：as/which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别二、关系副词引导的非限制性定语从句1.when

关系副词when在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语，指代主句中

表示时间的词语HewillputoffthepicnicuntilMay1st,whenhewillbefree.他将把郊游推迟到5月1号，那时他将有空。Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,whentheweathermaybebetter.我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周，届时天气可能会更好。二、关系副词引导的非限制性定语从句2.where

副词where在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，指代主句中表示

地点的词语。TheywenttoLondon，wheretheylivedforsixmonths.他们去了伦敦，在那儿呆了六个月的时间。OppositeisStPaul’sCathedral,whereyoucanhearsomelovelymusic.对面是圣保罗大教堂，在那里你可以听到一些美妙的音乐。限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句先行词可以用that,why引导先行词不可以用that,why引导主句与从句之间不需要用逗号隔开，译成一句话主句与从句需要用逗号隔开,可译成两句话引导词有时可以省略（作宾语时）引导词不可以省略whom可用who或that代替whom不可被代替从句只修饰先行词从句既可以修饰先行词，也可以修饰整个句子或句子的一部分Readthepassageandrewritethetipsusingnon-definingattributiveclauses.1.Goforawalkinthecountryside,whereyoucanenjoythebeautifulviewsandapeacefulatmosphere.Goforawalkinthecountryside.Thereyoucanenjoythebeautifulviewsandapeacefulatmosphere.2.Spendtimewithyourfamilyandfriends,whichwillactivatechemicalsinyourbraintomakeyoufeelhappier.Spendtimewithyourfamilyandfriends.Thiswillactivatechemicalsinyourbraintomakeyoufeelhappier.3.Trytoacceptyourmistakes,where/throughwhichyoucanlearnalotthem.Trytoacceptyourmistakes.Youcanlearnalotthroughthem.Closeyoureyesandpicturethefuture.You’vemadeyourdreamscometrue.haslosthispatiencebynowhethinkswillimpressHolmesislyingnexttohimhefindsannoyingOneday,SherlockHolmesandDrWatsongocamping.Theyputuptheirtent（帐篷）underthestarsandgotosleep.Suddenly,inthemiddleofthenight,WatsoniswokenupbyHolmes1______________________.,whoislyingnexttohim“Watson,”Holmessays,“lookupatthestars,andtellmewhattheytellyou."Notquitesurewhathemeans,WatsonthinksHolmesisjoking2_____________________,whichhefindsannoyingatthistimeofnight.Evenso,hereplies,“Iseemillionsofstarsandit’squitelikelytherearesomeplanetslikeEarth.Andifso,thismeansthattheremightalsobelifeonotherplanets.”Watsonispleasedwithhisanswer3______________________