全球集装箱运输公司分析报告-培训课件外文版2024.5中集集团

INDUSTRIES

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MARKETSContainercarriersworldwideCHAPTER

01MarketoverviewCapacityofcontainershipsinseabornetradefrom1980to2022(inmilliondwt)Capacityofcontainershipsinseabornetrade1980-20223503002502001502932822752662532462442281699810064445002620111980198519901995200020052010201520162017201820192020202120224Description:In2022theworldmerchantcontainershipfleethadacapacityofaround293millionmetrictonsdeadweight.AsofJanuary2021,therewere5,307containershipsintheworld'smerchantfleet.ReadmoreNote(s):WorldwideSource(s):ClarksonResearchServices;UNCTADEstimatedcontainerizedcargoflowsonmajorcontainertraderoutesin2022,bytraderoute(inmillionTEUs)Containerizedcargoflows2022,bytraderoute3532.73025201510526.38.90Trans-PacificEurope-Asia-EuropeTraderouteTranslatlantic5Description:Nearly33milliontwenty-footequivalentunits(TEU)ofcargoareexpectedtobetransportedacrossthePacificOceanin2022,makingTrans-Pacificroutesthelargestshippingzoneintermsofloadsize.Asaresultofgrowingglobalization,thevolumeofseabornetradereachedalmost11billionmetrictonsin2021.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2022Source(s):MDSTransmodal;UNCTADGlobalcontainertradein2022,bytradelane(inmillionTEUs)Globalcontainertradebytradelane2022ContainertradeflowsinmillionTEUs051015202530354045IntraAsiaFarEasttoNorthAmericaFarEasttoEurope42.123.815.6FarEasttoMENATFarEasttoLatinAmericaEuropetoFarEastEuropetoNorthAmericaNorthAmericatoFarEastEuropetoMENAT6.76.74.94.63.63.33.2MENATtoEuropeLatinAmericatoNorthAmericaIntraMENAT*32.72.6MENATtoFarEast6Description:ContainertradeflowswithinAsiareachedanestimatedvolumeof42.1millionTEUsin2022.TradeflowsfromtheFarEasttoNorthAmericaandEuropeamountedtosome23.8and15.6millionTEUsin2022,respectively.Theglobalcontainertradeisforecasttogrowatacompoundannualgrowthrateof3.3percentbetween2023and2026.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2022Source(s):DHL;SeaburyConsultingContainerthroughputatportsworldwidefrom2012to2021,withaforecastthrough2027(inmillionTEUs)Globalcontainerportthroughput2012-20271,2009889611,0009329018628668588048017858006004002000748702684675642622201220132014201520162017201820192020202120222023*2024*2025*2026*2027*7Description:In2022,globalcontainerthroughputreachedapproximately866milliontwenty-footequivalentunits(TEUs).ThisrepresentedaslightincreaseofsomefourmillionTEUscomparedwiththepreviousyear.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2012to2022;*Forecast.ReadmoreSource(s):CargotecOyj;DrewryThelargestcontainerportsworldwidein2022,basedonthroughput(inmillionTEUs)Largestcontainerportsworldwidebasedonthroughput2022ThroughputinmillionTEUs05101520253035404550ShanghaiSingapore47.2837.29Ningbo-ZhoushanShenzhen33.3630.04QingdaoGuangzhouBusan25.6624.622.0721.03TianjinLosAngeles/LongBeachHongKong19.0416.58Rotterdam14.46DubaiAntwerp-Bruges1413.488Description:TheportofShanghaiwasthelargestcontainerportin2022,handlingcontainerswithacapacityofover47milliontwenty-footequivalentunits(TEU).In2022,nineoutofthetenbusiestcontainerportswerelocatedinAsia.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2022Source(s):PortofAntwerpMajormarineterminaloperatorsworldwidein2021,basedonequity-adjustedthroughput(inmilliontwenty-footequivalentunits)Majormarineterminaloperatorsworldwidebasedonthroughput2021ThroughputinmillionTEU010203040506070PSAInternationalChinaMerchantsPortsChinaCoscoShippingAPMTerminals63.450.44948HutchisonPortHoldingsTIL47.9479Description:In2021,PSAInternationalwastheworld'slargestterminaloperator.TheSingapore-headquarteredcompany'scontainerthroughputvolumecametoabout63.4milliontwenty-footequivalentunitsin2021.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2021Source(s):DrewryMarketshareoftheleadingcontainershippingalliancesfrom2012to2021Marketshareofthelargestcontainershipalliances2012-2021IndependentsG6Alliance2MAllianceCKHYEAllianceO3AllianceOceanAllianceTHEAlliance120%100%80%60%40%20%0%2012-20132014-20162017-2021*10Description:Theglobalcontainershippingmarkethasconsolidatedintothreemainalliancesoverthelastdecade.Whilebetween2012and2013,around70percentofthemarketwasdividedintoindependentshippingcompanies,theirmarketsharedecreasedtojustabout20percentbetween2017and2021.2MAlliance,OAAlliance,andTHEAlliancedominatedtheglobalcontainershippingmarketfrom2017to2021withacombinedmarketshareofsome75percent.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2012to2020Source(s):AlixPartnersContainershipoperatoralliances'shareoftheglobalcontainerfleetcapacityasofSeptember2022Containershipoperatoralliances'shareoftheglobalcontainerfleetcapacity2022THEAlliance15%2MAlliance34%Others21%O3Alliance30%11/statistics/1337936/container-carrier-alliances-share-of-global-capacityTheglobalcontainershippingmarkethasconsolidatedintothreemainalliancesoverthelastdecade.AsofSeptember2022,the2MAlliance,composedofMaerskandMSC,controlledsome34percentoftheglobalcontainershipfleetcapacity.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;asofSeptember30,2022Source(s):Alphaliner;AverageEBITmarginsofmaincontainercarriersfromthefirstquarterof2014tothesecondquarterof2023EBITmarginsofmaincontainershippingcompanies2014-202370%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%-10%-20%12Description:TheaverageEBITmarginofmaincontainershippingcompaniesrosesteeplybetween2020and2022.WhiletheaverageEBITmarginamountedtoaround2.6percentinthefirstquarterof2020,itsvalueclimbedto57.4percentinthefirstquarterof2022.Therestof2022,however,sawadeclineofthemargin,droppingto33.3percentinthefourthquarterof2022.Themargincontinueddeclininginthefirsthalfof2023,stoppingat8.9percentinthesecondquarterof2023.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;Q12014toQ22023Source(s):AlphalinerCHAPTER

02GlobalfleetTheworld'sleadingcontainershipoperatorsasofSeptember30,2023,basedonnumberofownedandcharteredshipsLeadingcontainershipoperators-ownedandcharteredships2023NumberofshipsOwnedChartered4000100200300500600700800900MediterraneanShgCoAPM-MaerskCMACGMGroupCOSCOGroupHapag-LloydONEEvergreenLineZimWanHaiLinesSITCYangMingMarinePIL14Description:AsofSeptember30,2023,MediterraneanShippingCompany(MSC)wastheleadingcontainershipoperatorintermsofownedandcharteredships.MSChad479owncontainervesselsand304charteredshipsinitsfleet.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;September30,2023Source(s):AlphalinerLeadingshipoperator'sshareoftheworldlinerfleetasofSeptember,2023Leadingcontainershipoperators-shareofworldlinerfleet2023Shareofworldlinerfleet8%

10%0%2%4%6%12%14%16%18%20%22%MediterraneanShgCoAPM-MaerskCMACGMGroupCOSCOGroupHapag-LloydONE19.3%15%12.6%10.8%7%6.2%6.1%EvergreenLineHMMYangMingMarineZim2.9%2.6%2.1%1.6%1.1%0.6%WanHaiLinesPILKMTC15Description:AsofSeptember30,2023,MediterraneanShgCoandAPM-Maerskoperated19.3and15percentoftheworldlinerfleet,respectively.TheCMACGMGrouprankedthirdwithashareof12.6percentoftheglobalcontainerfleet.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;September30,2023Source(s):AlphalinerTheworld'sleadingcontainershipoperatorsasofSeptember30,2023,basedonTEUcapacityLeadingcontainershipoperatorsbasedontotalTEUs2023TotalTEUs3,000,00001,000,0002,000,0004,000,0005,000,0006,000,0005,341,044MediterraneanShgCoAPM-MaerskCMACGMGroupCOSCOGroupHapag-LloydONE4,137,3693,488,8382,989,1681,923,6891,699,7721,689,778EvergreenLineHMM790,342705,614YangMingMarineZim568,728444,532WanHaiLines16Description:AsofSeptember30,2023,MediterraneanShippingCompany'sshipshadacapacityofaround5.3milliontwenty-footequivalentunits(TEUs),toppingtherankingsasthecarrierwiththelargestcapacity.ThecompanywasfollowedbyAPM-Maerskwhohadacapacityofroughly4.1millionTEUs.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;September30,2023Source(s):AlphalinerOwnedandcharteredTEUsoftheworld'sleadingcontainershipoperatorsasofSeptember30,2023Leadingcontainershipoperators-ownedandcharteredTEUs2023NumberofTEUsOwned

Chartered2,000,000

3,000,00001,000,0004,000,0005,000,0006,000,000MediterraneanShgCo.APM-MaerskCMACGMGroupCOSCOGroupHapag-LloydONEEvergreenLineHMMYangMingMarineZimWanHaiLinesPIL17Description:WithoverfivemillionTEUsoverall,MediterraneanShippingCo.wastheleadingcontainershipoperatorintermsofownedandcharteredTEUsasofSeptember30,2023.Thecompanywasoperatingownedshipswithacombinedcapacityofnearly2.5millionTEUsandcharteringshipswithatotalcapacityofsome2.8millionTEUs.A.P.APM-Maerskrankedsecondwithabout4.1millionTEUs.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;September30,2023Source(s):AlphalinerNumberofshipsintheworld'sleadingcontainershipoperators'orderbooksasofSeptember30,2023Numberoforderbookshipsoftheleadingcontainershipoperators2023Numberoforderbookships600204080100120140MediterraneanShgCoCMACGMGroupEvergreenLineCOSCOGroupZim12011571543636ONEMaersk32HMM2624WanHaiLinesX-PressFeedersGroupTSLines181616SinokorMerchantSITC1518Description:AsofSeptember30,2023,MediterraneanShippingCo.had120shipsinitsorderbook,thehighestincomparisontotheothershippingoperators.CMACGMGrouprankedsecondwith115shipsinitsorderbook,followedbyEvergreenLinewith71shipsinitsorderbook.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;September30,2023Source(s):AlphalinerOrderbookTEUsoftheworld'sleadingcontainershipoperatorsasofSeptember30,2023ContainershipoperatorsbasedonTEUcapacityofshipsinorderbook2023OrderbookTEUs600,000

800,0000200,000400,0001,000,0001,200,0001,400,0001,600,000MediterraneanShgCoCMACGMGroupCOSCOGroupEvergreenLineONE1,440,5111,205,138903,202825,218469,768401,200MaerskZimHMMHapag-LloydWanHaiLinesPIL286,924265,027251,976173,83688,000TSLinesSinokorMerchantMarine85,40870,55719/statistics/197671/orderbook-teus-of-worldwide-leading-containership-operators-in-2011AsofSeptember30,2023,MediterraneanShippingCompanyhadthehighestorderbookcapacityofaround1.4millionTEUs.Rankingsecond,CMACGMGrouphadshipswithacombinedcapacityofsome1.2twenty-footequivalentunitsinitsorderbook.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;September30,2023Source(s):AlphalinerCHAPTER

03FinancialsGlobalcontainerfreightrateindexfromJanuary2019toAugust2023(inU.S.dollars)Monthlycontainerfreightrateindexworldwide2019-202312,00010,0008,0006,0004,0002,000021Description:ContainerfreightratesoscillateddramaticallybetweenJanuary2019andAugust2023.Theyear2021sawanespeciallysteepincreaseinglobalfreightrates,reachingarecordpriceofnearly10,400U.S.dollarsinSeptember2021.InAugust2023,theglobalfreightrateindexstoodatover1,700U.S.dollars.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;January2019toAugust2023Source(s):Drewry;MacroMicroOperatingprofitofcontainershippingcompaniesbetween2010and2022(inbillionU.S.dollars)Operatingprofitoftheglobalcontainershippingindustry2010-202225020015010020811050037.542010-20202021202222Description:Theglobalcontainershippingindustrygeneratedarecordoperatingprofitofaround202billionU.S.dollarsin2022,upfromestimated110billionU.S.dollarsin2021.Toputthisintoperspective,forthewholeperiodfrom2010to2020,theindustrymadeatotalprofitofsome37.5billionU.S.dollars.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2010to2022Source(s):Sea-IntelligenceAverageEBITmarginsofmaincontainercarriersfromthefirstquarterof2014tothesecondquarterof2023EBITmarginsofmaincontainershippingcompanies2014-202370%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%-10%-20%23Description:TheaverageEBITmarginofmaincontainershippingcompaniesrosesteeplybetween2020and2022.WhiletheaverageEBITmarginamountedtoaround2.6percentinthefirstquarterof2020,itsvalueclimbedto57.4percentinthefirstquarterof2022.Therestof2022,however,sawadeclineofthemargin,droppingto33.3percentinthefourthquarterof2022.Themargincontinueddeclininginthefirsthalfof2023,stoppingat8.9percentinthesecondquarterof2023.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;Q12014toQ22023Source(s):AlphalinerAveragemonthlyschedulereliabilityofmaincontainercarriersfromJanuary2020toJuly2023Averageschedulereliabilityofmajorcontainerliners2020-202390%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%24Description:Containercarriers'reliabilityoscillatedbetweenJanuary2020andJuly2023.While68.5percentofcontainershipsarrivedontimeinJanuary2020,only34.8percentofcontainervesselsarrivedwithoutanydelaytotheirdestinationinJanuary2021and30.4percentofvesselsinJanuary2022.Thisriseindelays,causedpredominantlybytheCOVID-19pandemic,hasledsomemajorretailerstochartercontainerfleetsoftheirown.CompaniessuchasTarget,Walmart,HomeDepot,andIKEA[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;January2020toJuly2023Source(s):Sea-IntelligenceAveragemonthlyschedulereliabilityofmaincontainercarriersfromNovember2020toJuly2023,bycarrierMonthlyschedulereliabilityofmajorcontainerlinersbycarrier2020-2023MaerskONEHamburgSüdMSCOOCLHapag-LloydYangMingCMACGMWanHaiZIMPILHMMEvergreenCOSCO85%75%65%55%45%35%25%15%5%25Description:SchedulereliabilityofmajorcontainercarriersoscillatedbetweenNovember2020andJuly2023.InJuly2023,about72percentoftheshipsoperatedbyMSC-whotoppedthelistasthemostreliablecontainercarrierthismonth-arrivedattheirdestinationontime.Thisrepresentsasignificantimprovementinschedulereliabilitycomparedto2021and2022.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;November2020toJuly2023Source(s):Sea-IntelligenceAveragemonthlypriceofverylowsulfurfueloil(VLSFO)fromNovember2019toAugust2023(inU.S.dollarspermetricton)MonthlyVLSFOpriceworldwide2019-20231,1501,05095085075065055045035025015026Description:InAugust2023,theaveragemonthlypriceofverylowsulfurfueloil(VLSFO)stoodat654U.S.dollarspermetricton.ThepriceofVLSFOisstronglyinfluencedbyexternalfactors,suchasthepriceofcrudeoilandmarketforcesofsupplyanddemand.Inthepasttwoyears,twoseparateeventshavehadaprofoundeffectonthepriceofVLSFO:theInternationalMaritimeOrganization(IMO)sulfurcaponfueloilin2020and,morerecently,theRussianinvasionofUkraineandtheInternational[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;November2019toAugust2023Source(s):Ship&BunkerCHAPTER

04FleetsizeofselectedcompaniesNumberofAPM-MaerskshipsfromFebruary2021toMay2023APM-Maersk-numberofships2023CharteredOwnedOrderbook900800700600500400300200100028Description:APM-Maerskowned341shipsandwaschartering341shipsasoftheendofMay2023.Overall,theCopenhagen-headquarteredshipperaccountedfor16percentoftheworld`smerchantcontainerfleet.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;February2021toMay2023Source(s):AlphalinerNumberoftwenty-footequivalentunitsofAPM-MaerskfromFebruary2021toMay2023APM-MaersknumberofTEUs2023OwnedCharteredOrderbook5,000,0004,500,0004,000,0003,500,0003,000,0002,500,0002,000,0001,500,0001,000,000500,000029Description:AttheendofMay2023,APM-Maerskownedshipswithacombinedcapacityofaround2.5milliontwenty-footequivalentunits.Inaddition,theycharteredshipswithcapacityamountingtoroughly1.6millionTEUs.Overthepastyear,APM-Maerskhassubstantiallyincreaseditsordersfornewships.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;February2021toMay2023Source(s):AlphalinerMediterraneanShippingCompany'snumberofshipsfromFebruary2021toMay2023MSC-numberofships2021-2023CharteredOwnedOrderbook1,000900800700600500400300200100030Description:AsofMay2023,MediterraneanShippingCompany,hadatotalfleetsizeof756ships,ofwhichroughlytwo-thirdswerecharteredfromlessors.MediterraneanShippingCompanyisoneoftheworld`slargestcontainershippingoperators,controllingabout18.6percentoftheglobalcontainershipfleet.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;February2021toMay2023Source(s):AlphalinerMediterraneanShippingCompany'snumberoftwenty-footequivalentunits(TEUs)fromFebruary2021toMay2023MSC-numberofTEUs2021-2023CharteredOwnedOrderbook7,000,0006,000,0005,000,0004,000,0003,000,0002,000,0001,000,000031Description:TheSwitzerland-basedMediterraneanShippingCompanycharteredshipswithacapacityofapproximately2.6milliontwenty-footequivalentunitsinMay2023.Theshipsownedbythecompanyhadacapacityofaround2.4milliontwenty-footequivalentunits,whileshipsintheorderbookhadacapacityofroughly1.6milliontwenty-footequivalentunits.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;February2021toMay2023Source(s):AlphalinerNumberofCMACGMGroupshipsfromFebruary2021toMay2023CMACGMGroup-numberofships2021-2023CharteredOwnedOrderbook800700600500400300200100032Description:AsofMay2023,theCMACGMGrouphadatotalfleetof627shipswithatotalcapacityofoverthreemilliontwenty-foot-equivalentunits.Thecompanychartered385ships,owned242shipsandhad103vesselsinitsorderbook.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;February2021toMay2023Source(s):AlphalinerNumberoftwenty-footequivalentunitsofCMACGMGroupfromFebruary2021toMay2023TEUcapacityofCMACGMGroup2021-2023CharteredOwnedOrderbook5,000,0004,500,0004,000,0003,500,0003,000,0002,500,0002,000,0001,500,0001,000,000500,000033Description:AsofMay2023,theFrenchcontainercompanyCMACGMGroupownedshipswithatotalcapacityofaround1.7milliontwenty-footequivalentunits.Thecombinedcapacityofthecompany'scharteredshipsamountedtosome1.8milliontwenty-footequivalentunits.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;February2021toMay2023Source(s):AlphalinerCOSCOContainer'snumberofshipsfromFebruary2021toMay2023COSCOContainer-numberofships2021-2023CharteredOwnedOrderbook600500400300200100034Description:AsofMay2023,COSCO,theshippingandlogisticsservicessupplierwithheadquartersinBeijing,hadafleetof467shipscarryingabout2.9millionTEUs.Themajorityofthevesselsinthecompany'sfleetwaschartered,while180shipswereownedbythecompany.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;February2021toMay2023Source(s):AlphalinerNumberoftwenty-footequivalentunitsofCOSCOGroupfromFebruary2021toMay2023TEUcapacityCOSCOGroup2021-2023OwnedCharteredOrderbook4,500,0004,000,0003,500,0003,000,0002,500,0002,000,0001,500,0001,000,000500,000035Description:AsofMay2023,theChinesecontainercompanyCOSCOGroupownedshipswithatotalcapacityofroughly1.6milliontwenty-footequivalentunits.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;February2021toMay2023Source(s):AlphalinerCHAPTER

05FinancialfiguresofselectedcompaniesAPMøller-Mærsk'srevenuefromFY2006toFY2022(inmillionU.S.dollars)APMøller-Mærsk'srevenueA/S2006-202290,00080,00070,00081,52961,78760,00049,91749,49150,00040,00030,00020,00010,000045,55939,74039,25738,89037,90234,80633,90830,76931,18927,6462016200920102011201220132014201520172018201920202021202237/statistics/263965/revenue-of-ap-moeller-maersk-a-sA.P.Møller-MærskA/Sgeneratedaround81.5billionU.S.dollarsinrevenuein2022,asignificantincreasefromthepreviousyear.In2021,thesegmentofoceantransportationwasresponsibleformorethan76percentofA.P.Møller-Mærsk'srevenue.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;FY2009toFY2022Source(s):MaerskMoeller-Maersk'sEBITfromFY2018toFY2022(inmillionU.S.dollars)Moeller-Maersk'sEBIT2018-202235,00030,86030,00025,00019,67420,00015,00010,0005,00004,18620201,725201940920182021202238/statistics/325990/ebit-of-moeller-maerskA.P.Moeller-Maersk'searningsbeforeinterestandtaxes(EBIT)amountedto30.86billionU.S.dollarsin2022,anincreaseofmorethan50percentfromthepreviousyear.TheDanishshippingcompanyistheworld'slargestcontainershipoperator.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;FY2018toFY2022Source(s):MaerskMoeller-Maersk'sassetsfromFY2018toFY2022(inmillionU.S.dollars)Moeller-Maersk'sassets2018-2022100,00093,68090,00080,00070,00060,00050,00040,00030,00020,00010,000072,27162,69056,11755,3992018201920202021202239Description:A.P.Moeller-Maerskhadtotalassetsvaluedatnearly93.7billionU.S.dollarsin2022.Thisrepresentsanincreaseofroughly30percentfromtheyear2021.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;FY2018toFY2022Source(s):MaerskCMACGM'srevenuefromFY2017toFY2022(inbillionU.S.dollars)CMACGM:revenue2017-20228074.570605040302010055.9831.4530.2523.48201821.122017201920202021202240Description:Inthe2022fiscalyear,theMarseille-basedshippingcompanyCMACGMgeneratedrevenueof74.5billionU.S.dollars.Thisrepresentsanincreaseofabout33percentcomparedwiththepreviousfiscalyear.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;FY2017toFY2022Source(s):CMACGMRevenueofCOSCOShippingHoldingsCo.,Ltd.from2010to2022(inbillionyuan)RevenueofCOSCOSHIPPINGHOLD2010-2022450400350300250200391.06333.69171.26151.06150120.832018*96.4990.46201710050072.08201271.16201668.91201164.37201465.04201561.9320132010201920202021202241Description:In2022,COSCOShippingHoldingsCo.,Ltd.reportedanrevenueofapproximately391.1billionyuan,anincreaseofsome17percentcomparedtothepreviousyear.Formerlyknownas"ChinaCOSCO",thecompanyisnowasubsidiaryofCOSCOShippingCorporationLimited.ReadmoreNote(s):China;2010to2022Source(s):ChinaCOSCO;STotalassetsofCOSCOShippingHoldingsCo.,Ltd.from2011to2022(inbill