新教材2024版高中英语Unit2Sportsculture语法精讲2过去进行时与过去完成时的被动语态学生用书牛津译林版选择性必修第二册

语法精讲②过去进行时与过去完成时的被动语态1．过去进行时的被动语态(1)构成确定式：主语＋was/werebeingdone(＋其他).否定式：主语＋was/werenotbeingdone(＋其他).一般疑问式：Was/Were＋主语＋beingdone?特别疑问式：特别疑问词＋was/were(＋主语)＋beingdone?❶AnotherbridgewasbeingbuiltovertheYangtzeRiverthen.那时长江上正在建立另一座桥。❷Theplanwasnotbeingcarriedoutwell.那个支配进展得不顺当。❸Wasanewlibrarybeingputupintheirschooljustthen？他们学校当时正在建一座新图书馆吗？❹Whatwasbeingdonetothemachine?(你们)在对这台机器实行什么措施？(2)用法①表示在过去某一特定时间某事正在被做。❺Hewasbeinginterviewedbyourheadmasterthen.他当时正在接受我们校长的面试。❻Thisfilmwasbeingshownatthattime.这部电影那个时候正在放映。②少数及物动词的过去进行时表示过去按支配、支配将要发生的动作。❼Somerockmusicwasbeingplayedbythemnext.下面将由他们演奏一些摇滚音乐。❽Apartywasbeingheldtonight.今晚将举办一场晚会。辨析比较过去进行时的被动语态/一般过去时的被动语态过去进行时的被动语态强调的是在过去的某个时间点正在进行的被动动作，一般过去时的被动语态表示的是某个被动动作已经发生。❾Thefarmersaidthepolicemencametotheirrescuetimelywhentheywerebeingtrappedinthesnowstorm.这位农夫说他们被困在暴风雪中时，警察刚好赶来救了他们。⑩Hesparednoefforttopreparehimselfforthecollegeentranceexam,andfinallyhewasadmittedtotheuniversityhehadbeendreamingof.他不遗余力地为高考做打算，最终他被他始终幻想的高校录用了。2．过去完成时的被动语态过去完成时表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前发生的动作或存在的状态。当句子的主语为谓语动词动作的承受者，并且该动作发生在过去的某一时刻或某一动作之前时，谓语动词应用过去完成时的被动语态。(1)构成确定式：主语＋hadbeendone(＋其他).否定式：主语＋hadn'tbeendone(＋其他).一般疑问式：Had＋主语＋done＋(其他)?❶Bythetimetheteachercamein,thefirstexperimenthadbeendoen.老师进来的时候，第一个试验已经完成了。❷Theclassroomhadn'tbeencleanedbeforetheteachercame.老师来之前教室还没有打扫。❸Hadthenewplanbeendiscussedbeforethemeetingstarted?会议起从前探讨过这个新支配吗？(2)用法①在told，said，knew，heard，thought等动词后的宾语从句中，表示从句中的动作已被做完，用过去完成时的被动语态。❹Theysaidtheproductioncostshadbeenreduced.他们说生产成本已经降低了。②当bythetime，before，until，when等引导的时间状语从句的谓语是一般过去时，或在by和before后接表示过去的时间，且主句谓语表示的动作在过去某一时间以前已经被完成，用过去完成时的被动语态。❺Bythetimehegottotheschool,thefirstperiodhadbeenfinished.他到学校时，第一节课已经结束了。❼Howmanybuildingshadbeendestroyedwhenthehurricaneended?飓风结束时有多少建筑物被毁？③在“Itwasthefirst/second/...time＋that从句”句型中，当从句主语为动作的承受者时，从句用过去完成时的被动语态，表示“……第几次被……”。❽Itwasthefirsttimethathehadeverbeenawarded.这是他第一次获奖。④在虚拟条件句中，表示与过去事实相反，当主语是动作的承受者时，用过去完成时的被动语态。❾IftheAIrobothadbeeninventedearlier,theproductionefficiencywouldhavebeenimproved.假如早一些独创人工智能机器人，生产效率就会提高了。⑤在“Hardly/Scarcelyhad...when...”和“Nosoonerhad...than...”句型中，当主句主语是动作的承受者时，主句用过去完成时的被动语态，表示“一……就……”。⑩Hardlyhadthefrontdoorbeenopenedwhenwecouldsmellthegas.一打开前门，我们就闻到了煤气的味道。Ⅰ.用括号内词的正确形式填空1．—Didyouhearthenoisedownstairs?Whatwasthat?—Yes.Iforgottotellyou.Anewmachine____________(test)then.2．Bytheendoflastyear,10，000trees____________(plant)inthatvillage.3．Thestudents'attention____________(fix)ontheirstudywhenallthelightswentout.4．—DidyouvisitthemuseumduringyourtriptoShenyang?—No.Partsofit____________(repair).5．Hisvillage____________(flood)intheheavyrain,sohemovedtohisfriend'shouse.6．Whenwegotthere,weweretoldthattheinjured____________(send)tothenearesthospital.7．Thecentralheatingsystem____________(switch)off,sotheroomwasascoldasice.8．Thetwinswhosehomework____________(finish)wereallowedtoplaybadmintonoutside.9．Whenwevisitedmygrandparentslastweekend,theirnewhouse____________(paint).10．Thelostgirl____________(look)foreverywherebyherparentsandpolicemenwhenshesuddenlyappearedinthepark.11．Ifit____________(repair)earlier,theprintingmachinewouldnothavebrokendown.12．Thatwasthefirsttimethatshe____________(invite)toHarbintoseeicelanterns.13．Afterschoolwewenttothereadingroomtodosomereading,onlytobetoldthatit____________(decorate).14．Theresidents,whosehomes____________(damage)bythefire,weregivenhelpbytheRedCross.15．Theprofessorwasdelightedtofindthattheproject____________(finish)bythestudentsindependentlyalready.Ⅱ.完成句子1．在该剧院75年的历史中这一场戏反复上演了许多遍。Itwasascenethat________________________inthetheater's75-yearhistory.2．他说从来没有人领他参观过巴黎。Hesaidthathe________________________Paris.3．飓风结束的时候，有多少建筑物被毁坏了？________________________whenthehurricaneended?4．在清洗时，有两只玻璃杯被打碎了。Twooftheglasseswerebrokenwhen________________________．语法精讲②过去进行时与过去完成时的被动语态课时达标·随堂自测Ⅰ.用括号内词的正确形式填空1．wasbeingtested2.hadbeenplanted3.wasbeingfixed4.werebeingrepaired5.hadbeenflooded6.hadbeensent7．hadbeenswitched8.hadheenfinished9.wasbeingpainted10.wasbeinglook