文库发布：eclipse简介

Eclipse

平台及应用中南大学信息科学与工程学院任胜兵第一章Eclipse平台简介中南大学信息科学与工程学院任胜兵1.1Eclipse平台的目标ProvideopenplatformforapplicationdevelopmenttoolsRunonawiderangeofoperatingsystemsGUIandnon-GUILanguage-neutralPermitunrestrictedcontenttypesHTML,Java,C,JSP,EJB,XML,GIF,…FacilitateseamlesstoolintegrationAtUIanddeeperAddnewtoolstoexistinginstalledproductsAttractcommunityoftooldevelopersIncludingindependentsoftwarevendors(ISVs)CapitalizeonpopularityofJavaforwritingtools1.2

Eclipse平台结构PlatformRuntimeWorkspaceHelpTeamWorkbenchJFaceSWTEclipseProjectJavaDevelopmentTools(JDT)TheirToolYourToolAnotherToolPlug-inDevelopmentEnvironment(PDE)EclipsePlatformDebug平台结构简介PlatformRuntime:负责管理插件注册表和插件。插件是一种结构化组件，使用plugin.xml来向系统描述自己。Workspace：管理Eclipse平台中的资源，包括项目、文件和文件夹。Workbench:高级用户界面框架，用于构建由插件构建的复杂用户界面的产品。SWT:与本机底层窗口系统紧密集成的小窗口工具箱和图形库；Jface：使用SWT实现的用户界面工具箱。Team：定义附加API，允许插件集成版本和配置管理资源库的功能等。Help：允许用户浏览、搜索和打印系统帮助文档。Debug:公共的调试用户界面和一般化的调试模式。平台运行时间（PlatformRuntime）EclipsePlatformRuntimeismicro-kernelAllfunctionalitysuppliedbyplug-insEclipsePlatformRuntimehandlesstartupDiscoversplug-insinstalledondiskMatchesupextensionswithextensionpointsBuildsglobalplug-inregistryCachesregistryondiskfornexttime插件描述：Plugin.xml<plugin

id=“com.example.tool"name=“ExamplePlug-inTool"class="com.example.tool.ToolPlugin"><requires><importplugin="org.eclipse.core.resources"/>

<importplugin="org.eclipse.ui"/></requires><runtime><libraryname=“tool.jar"/></runtime><extension

point="org.eclipse.ui.preferencepages"><pageid="com.example.tool.preferences"icon="icons/knob.gif"title=“ToolKnobs"class="com.example.tool.ToolPreferenceWizard“/></extension>

<extension-point

name=“FrobProviders“

id="com.example.tool.frobProvider"/></plugin>Declarecontribution

thisplug-inmakesDeclarenewextensionpointopentocontributionsfromotherplug-insLocationofplug-in’scodeOtherplug-insneededPlug-inidentification插件典型体系结构Plug-inADeclaresextensionpointPDeclaresinterfaceItogowithPPlug-inBImplementsinterfaceIwithitsownclassCContributesclassCtoextensionpointPPlug-inAinstantiatesCandcallsitsImethodsplug-inAplug-inBclassCinterfaceIextension

pointPextensioncontributescreates,callsimplements工作台（Workbench）WorkbenchisUIpersonalityofEclipsePlatformUIparadigmcenteredaroundEditorsViewsPerspectivesToolbarPerspectiveandFastViewbarResourceNavigatorviewStackedviewsPropertiesviewTasksviewOutlineviewBookmarksviewMenubarMessageareaEditorStatusareaTexteditorSWTSWT=StandardWidgetToolkitGenericgraphicsandGUIwidgetsetbuttons,lists,text,menus,trees,styledtext...SimpleSmallFastOS-independentAPIUsesnativewidgetswhereavailableEmulateswidgetswhereunavailableJFaceJFaceissetofUIframeworksforcommonUItasksDesignedtobeusedinconjunctionwithSWTClassesforhandlingcommonUItasksAPIandimplementationarewindow-systemindependent透视图（Perspective）PerspectivesarearrangementsofviewsandeditorsDifferentperspectivessuitedfordifferentusertasksUserscanquicklyswitchbetweenperspectivesTaskorientationlimitsvisibleviews,actionsScalestolargenumbersofinstalledtoolsPerspectivescontrolViewvisibilityViewandeditorlayoutActionvisibilityExtensionpointfornewperspectivesEclipsePlatformincludesstandardperspectivesResource,Debug,…PerspectiveAPI视图（View）ViewsprovideinformationonsomeobjectViewsaugmenteditorsExample:OutlineviewsummarizescontentViewsaugmentotherviewsExample:PropertiesviewdescribesselectionExtensionpointfornewtypesofviewsEclipsePlatformincludesmanystandardviewsResourceNavigator,Outline,Properties,Tasks,Bookmarks,Search,…ViewAPIandframeworkViewscanbeimplementedwithJFaceviewers编辑器（Editor）EditorsappearinworkbencheditorareaContributeactionstoworkbenchmenuandtoolbarsOpen,edit,save,closelifecycleOpeneditorsarestackedExtensionpointforcontributingnewtypesofeditorsExample:JDTprovidesJavasourcefileeditorEclipsePlatformincludessimpletextfileeditorWindowsonly:embedanyOLEdocumentaseditorExtensivetexteditorAPIandframework工作区（workspace）：资源管理器Toolsoperateonfilesinuser’sworkspaceProjectsmaptodirectoriesinfilesystem{Files,Folders,Projects}termedresourcesWorkspaceholds1ormoretop-levelprojectsToolsread,create,modify,anddeleteresourcesinworkspacePlug-insaccessviaworkspaceandresourceAPIsTreeoffoldersandfilesEclipse平台特点EclipsePlatformisthenucleusofIDEproductsPlug-ins,extensionpoints,extensionsOpen,extensiblearchitectureWorkspace,projects,files,foldersCommonplacetoorganize&storedevelopmentartifactsWorkbench,editors,views,perspectivesCommonuserpresentationandUIparadigmKeybuildingblocksandfacilitiesHelp,teamsupport,internationalization,…Eclipseisauniversalplatformfor

integratingdevelopmenttools第二章Eclipse编程工具中南大学信息科学与工程学院任胜兵Eclipse编程JDT(Eclipse自带):编辑、编译、运行和调试Java程序。CDT(插件)：编辑、运行和调试C/C++程序。先下载C/C++编译器，如：Cygwin,MinGW；再下载CDT插件2.1Java运行环境（JRE）进入：[Window]菜单下的[Preferences],选择Java支，如图。检测已安装的JRE;设置工作台选项；设置新建项目选项；设置Java编辑器。2.2Java透视图Java-centricviewoffilesinJavaprojectsJavaelementsmeaningfulforJavaprogrammersJava

projectpackageclassfieldmethodJava

editor2.3创建Java项目Java项目包含用于构建Java程序的源代码和相关文件。新建Java项目的步骤：选择[File]->[New]->[Project],从弹出的窗口中选[Java]->[JavaProject],单击下一步;输入项目名，并确定项目保存的文件目录，单击完成即可，在Java透视图中的“资源管理器”中便可看到创建的项目。新建Java类选择新建的项目；在工具栏中单击“创建Java类”按钮（带有一个C标记）；在弹出的窗口中输入类名称，并设置有关属性（如选中publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args）），单击完成，则Java编辑窗口会自动打开。2.4Java编辑器Eclipse可以对二进制的CLASS文件打开Java编辑器，显示相应的源文件。Java编辑器功能：语法突出显示；内容/代码辅助；代码格式化；导入辅助；快速修正；调试。语法突出显示Java源程序中的不同种类的元素使用独特的颜色显示，包括：常规注释；Javadoc注释；关键字；字符串；…内容/代码辅助有利于提高编程速度和代码准确性。ListofplausiblemethodsDocformethod代码格式化启动代码格式化：Ctrl+Shift+F;设置代码格式化：[Windows]->[Preferences]->[Java]->[CodeFormatter]调试可在[Window]->[Preferences]->[Debug]中设置调试器首选项。如下图示。2.5重构重构是面向对象软件开发时在保持代码外部行为不变的条件下，改变程序结构的行为。重构是极限编程（eXtremeProgramming）中的重要概念。重构使得软件设计可以简化，不需要过多因为软件将来的变化而对设计提出过多限制，使设计复杂化。设计模式使重构成为热门。重构举例：换名重构Rename步骤：选择要换名的元素，如Student类；执行Rename重构；运行测试重构结果。2.6类测试:JunitJunit是一个开放源代码的Java测试框架，最初由ErichGamma和KentBeck开发。Junit是极限编程和重构中被极力推荐的工具。2.6.1Junit框架测试断言测试单个类测试多个类运行测试类测试结果2.6.2Junit框架使用junitMyClassTestCaseexercise1..*TestRunnerrun1..*MyClassTesttestMethod()…setUp()

tearDown()Method()TestCaseClassMyClassTestextendsTestCase{publicFooTest(Stringmethodname){super(methodname);}protectedvoidsetup(){//产生对象

varC=newMyClass(…);//…..}protectedvoidtearDown(){}//删除对象

publicvoidtestMethod(){//测试驱动程序//……

assertEquals(varC.method(),…)}

PublicstaticTestsuite(){

TestSuitesuite=newTestSuite();suite.addTest(newMyClassTest(“testMethod”));returnsuite;}pub