Unit 4 单元测试题-2022-2023学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册(含答案)

Unit4NATURALDISASTERS

第一部分听力（略）

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37・5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

IFyoucandream—Science&IdeasFestival

launchesschoolspoetrycompetition

ScienceOxfordisproudtobesupportingthisyear'sIFOxfordfestivalandtheIF

Oxfordshireschoolspoetrycompetitionespecially.Thecompetitioninvitesyoung

peopleaged5-16tohandinapoemonanysciencetopic.

Thepoemcanbeinanypoetrystyleyoulike.Itdoesn'thavetorhyme（押韵）,but

yourpoemneedstobeunder150wordsandaboutscience.Itcouldbeaboutascientific

ideaordiscovery;asciencelessonorascientificproblemthatisimportanttoyou;a

famousscientist,orjustwhyyoulovescience!

Thecompetitionisopentoanychildatprimaryorsecondaryschool,orhome-

schooledinOxfordshire,andwillbejudged（评判）inthreeagecategories（类别）:

SchoolYears1-2

SchoolYears3-6

SchoolYears7-11

Therearelotsofprizesonoffer.Thewinningentrant（参赛者）ineachagecategory

willreceiveacopyofTheLostWordsbyRobertMacfarlaneandJackieMorris.

Theclassesofthewinnersofthetwoprimaryschoolcategorieswillwinahalf-day

scienceshoworworkshoppresentedbyouramazingeducationoutreachteam.The

classofthewinnerofthesecondaryagecategorywillwinatouroftheRutherford

AppletonLaboratory.

Thewinnersandrunners-up（亚军）inallthreeagecategorieswillhavethechance

toperformtheirpoemataspecialeventatthenewIFScienceandIdeasFestivalover

theweekendofOctober16/17.

TheclosingdateforentriesisApril20.TofindoutmoreinformationvisitIF-

O.

21.Whichofthefollowingisarequirementforthepoemfbrthecompetition?

A.Ithastorhyme.

B.Ithastobewritteninfourlines.

C.Ithastobelessthan150words.

D.Ithastodiscussasinglescientificidea.

22.Childrenwhowanttoenterthecompetitionmust.

A.studyatsecondaryschool

B.bebetween5-16yearsold

C.behome-schooledinOxfordshire

D.handintheirpoembeforeOctober17

23.Whatwilltheclassofthewinnerofthesecondaryagecategorywin?

A.Ahalf-dayscienceshow.

B.AcopyofTheLostWords,

C.Achancetoattendanamazingworkshop.

D.AtouroftheRutherfordAppletonLaboratory.

On26December,2004,a9.0magnitudeearthquakeofftheIndonesiancoastsent

awallofwaterracingtowardThailand,MalaysiaandSriLanka.Langwasontheisland

ofKoPhiPhi,justsouthofPhuket,Thailand,shoppingonMainStreetwithherfriend

RubinaWong,whensuddenlyeverythingchanged."Peoplestartedrunninginland.

Fromwherewewere,wecouldnotseethebeachsowehadnoideawhatwasgoingon.

Nobodywassayingit'satsunami,“shesaid.

LangandRubinastartedrunninginlandinthesamedirectionaseveryoneelse,

whenshenoticedwaterracingintotheisland,butsostrongandfastthatshecouldno

longerliftherfeettorun.Rubinahadgonedownasidestreet.Langneversawheralive

again."AtthatpointIcouldnolongermoveandthenextthing,Isawablackwallof

water.Thenitjustthrewmerightoffmyfeet.Ididn'thaveanyfeelingexceptfbrfear/9

shesaid.

Langwasstuckunderwaterbetweendebris（而卒片）withthesurfacejustaboveher

face."ThemoreIstruggled（挣扎）,thetighterIwasstuck.Icouldnotreachthesurface.

IthoughtIcamehereonmyvacationtodie,andthenIgotreallyangry,“shesaid."I

musthaveblackedoutbecausethenextthingIrememberiswakingupunderwater.^^

Thewaterwasmotionless（静止的）andblack.Langlookedupandcouldseeatthe

top,therewasasmallcircleoflight.Shestartedswimmingthroughthemotionless

waterandmadeittothesurfaceofthewater.Shepulledherselfontoafloating（漂浮

的）doorandcouldseethatthewholeislandwasfloodedandalotofbuildingswere

gone.Shecouldseeahousenotfarawayandamanonitsroof.Sheencouragedherself

toclimboverfloatingobjectstothebalcony（阳台）ofthehouse.Fromthereshesaw

thewaterstarttoslowlygobacktotheocean.

24.WhatwasLangdoingwhenthetsunamihappened?

A.Shewasrunninginarace.

B.Shewasplayingonthebeach.

C.Shewaslookingfbrherfriend.

D.Shewasshoppinginthestreet.

25.WhywasLangunabletorun?

A.Therewasawallintheway.

B.Shefearedshewouldgetlost.

C.Shehadtowaitfbrherfriend.

D.Theracingwaterwastoopowerful.

26.WhatcanwelearnaboutLangfromparagraph3?

A.Shedidn'twanttostruggle.

B.Shewastrappedunderwater.

C.Shedidn'tregretgoingonvacation.

D.Shemanagedtokeepawakeinthewater.

27.HowdidLangmanagetosaveherself?

A.Bycallingforhelp.

B.Byhidinginahouse.

C.Byclimbingupatalltree.

D.Bymakinguseoffloatingobjects.

InthehoursaftertheearthquakethathitNepalonApril25,2015,thousandsof

rescueteamsfromaroundtheworldweresenttheretohelpsearchforsurvivorsthrough

theruins.Thiscanbeaverytoughtask,sinceitcantakemanyhourstosafelydig

survivors,ofteninneedofimmediatemedicalcare,outoftheruins.

Afterspending80hoursintheruinsofabuildingoutsideKathmandu,RishiKhanal

waspulledoutalivebyaFrenchsearchandrescueteam.Khanalhadbeentryingtoget

theattentionofrescueworkersfordays.Aftertheteamfoundhim,theyspent10hours

digginghimout.Theteambroketheconcrete。昆凝土）thattrappedKhanalwithinthe

buildingandpulledhimupthroughaholebeforecarryinghimaway.Khanalsuffered

abrokenleg.

“Whatmadehissurvivalsounusualwasthatafterthefirstthreedays,therewas

littlechanceoffindingsurvivors.Itseemedhesurvivedbywillpower/9saidAkhilesh

Shrestha,adoctorwhotreatedKhanal.

Meanwhile,rescuesofadifferentkindweretakingplaceonMountQomolangma.

Ontheborder（边境）betweenNepalanditsnorthernneighborChina,morethan

100peopleweretryingtoclimbMountQomolangmawhentheearthquakehit.19

peoplewerekilledwhenanavalanche（雪崩）causedbytheearthquakehithundredsof

tents（帐篷）atbasecamp.Atleast61peoplewereinjured.

Thesurvivingclimbers,whowerestranded（滞留）intwodifferentcampsboth

above21,000feet,haveallbeenrescuedandreturnedtobasecamp.Smallhelicopters

carriedtheclimbersdownthemountainingroupsoffourorfive.Landingon

Qomolangmalongenoughtopickupapassengerisdangerouseveningoodconditions,

andhelicopterscouldnottouchdownformorethan30secondstopickuppassengers.

28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tough“inparagraph1probablymean?

A.Quick.

B.Difficult.

C.Important.

D.Dangerous.

29.WhatdidAkhileshShresthasayaboutKhanal'ssurvival?

A.ItwasthankstoKhanaPsworkasadoctor.

B.Itdependedontherescueteam'sefforts.

C.Itwasthoughttobealmostimpossible.

D.Itencouragedotherinjuredpeople.

30.Whatcausedthedeathofthe19climbers?

A.Apowerfulavalanche.

B.Badweatherconditions.

C.Seriousmountainsickness.

D.Ashortageoffoodandwater.

31.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheworkofrescuingclimbers?

A.Riskyandhopeless.

B.Smoothandcreative.

C.Meaningfulbutboring.

D.Challengingbutsuccessful.

□★★★★☆

OnAugust27,1883,justafter10a.m.,theeruptionoftheKrakatoavolcanoin

Indonesiamadetheloudestsoundknowntohistory.Itsentsoundwavesaroundthe

worldfourtimesandcouldbeheard3,000milesawayontheislandofRodriguesinthe

IndianOcean.That,forthepurposeofcomparison,isthesameasCalifornianshearing

anoisemadeinNewYork.InRodrigues,asinotherfarawayplaces,thenoisewas

takentobecannon（大炮）fire.InWesternAustralia,2,000milesaway,peoplethought

warhaderupted.

Thesoundwassopowerfulthatitruptured（使破裂）theeardrums（鼓膜）ofpeople

workingonaBritishship40milesfromtheeruption."Thisissosurprisingly

loud,“writerAatishBhatianotedinDiscovermagazinepost.

TheKrakatoaeruptionwasoneofhistory'sdeadliestnaturaldisasters.Morethan

36,400peopledied,fromlavaflows（熔岩流）thatracedat60milesperhourand

tsunamisthatreachedaheightof120feetanddestroyedsome165coastalvillages.

VolcanicmatterthrownintotheaircausedsunsetssostrangethatpeopleinNew

York,Connecticutandotherplacescalledthefiredepartment,fearingfireshadbroken

out.Intheyearfollowingtheeruption,theaverage（平均的）temperaturearoundthe

worldfellby1.2degreesCelsius（℃）,andtheearthremainedunusuallycoolfbrabout

fivemoreyears.

LittlewasleftofKrakatoaaftertheeruption.In1927,avolcanicislandknownas

AnakKrakatoawasformedatthesiteofthebigeruption.Itisanactivevolcano.An

eruptioninDecember2018causedatsunamithatkilledmorethan400people.

32.WhyareplaceslikeRodriguesandWesternAustraliamentionedinparagraph1?

A.Todrawattentiontobigvolcaniceruptions.

B.ToshowhowloudtheKrakatoaeruptionwas.

C.IbexplainthedamagetheKrakatoaeruptioncaused.

D.Tointroducewherevolcaniceruptionsaremorecommon.

33.Whatdoweknowaboutthepeopleontheshipneartheeruption?

A.Theyweretroubledbycannonfire.

B.Theysufferedrupturedeardrums.

C.Theythoughtwarhadbrokenout.

D.Theywerekilledbyvolcanicmatter.

34.WhathappenedaftertheKrakatoaeruption?

A.Firesbrokeoutinmanyplacesaroundtheworld.

B.Biggereruptionscameinthefollowingyears.

C.Theaverageglobaltemperaturedropped.

D.Anewvolcanicislandappearedsoon.

35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Thenoisiestvolcaniceruptioninhistory.

B.Thedeadlynaturaldisastersintheworld.

C.ThestrangebirthofanislandinIndonesia.

D.ThemostterribletsunamiinKrakatoa.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12・5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中

有两项为多余选项。

Inrecentyears,theworldhasseenanumberofnaturaldisasters:hurricanesinthe

CaribbeanandsouthernU.S.,earthquakesinMexico,andmonsoons（季风雨）in

southernAsia.Theseeventsbroughtdamagetocommunities.36

Thebestthingtodowhenfacingacomingnaturaldisasteristopayattentionto

yourarea'sevacuationnoticesandtakeadvantageofevacuationhelp.37Whenfaced

withthosesituations,whatshouldyoudotostaysafe?Howcanyoubebetterprepared?

Everyfamilyshouldhaveanemergencyplanthataddressesthemostlikely

disastersintheirarea.Practicalsurvivalskillsshouldalsobepartofeveryfamily's

plan.38Thisisbecauseyousimplywon'thavetimetoreadasurvivalbookduringan

emergency.

39Alittlefearisanaturalandhealthyresponse（反应）toafrighteningevent.But

whenfearrunsunchecked,apersonmaymakedangerouschoices.Ittakespracticeto

learntostaycalminfrighteningsituations,butitcanbedone.

Isitbesttowaitinplaceforhelporsearchforhelp?Thatdependsonalotofthings,

especiallywhereyouare.40Ifyouthinkyou'renotgoingtobeabletosurvivewhere

youare,you'rebetterofftryingtomovetowardwherethereareotherpeople.Because

peoplearegoingtohelpyou,inmostcases.

A.Therearesomebasicthingsyoumusthave.

B.Italsodependsonifyouneedtomoveornot.

C.Knowwhatpossibledangerscouldcomeinyourarea.

D.However,it'spossibletobecaughtbyanunexpectedemergency.

E.Theseskillsneedtobelearnedandpracticedbeforethingsgethard.

F.Stayingcalmisthemostimportantthingapersoncandoduringanyemergency.

G.Theyalsobroughtquestionsaboutwhatwecandotoprepareourselvesfbrsimilar

events.

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处

的最佳选项。

OnMay12,2008,adeadlyearthquakerocked23-year-oldLiaoZhi'sapartment

buildinginSichuan,causingittofalldown.

Amongthedebris,MsLiao,adancer,heardthesearchandrescueteam41her,

butshedidn'thavetheenergy（力气）to42.Thensheheardherfathercallinghername.

Shethought:"Imust43myfatheragain.”

Shemadeitoutaliveafterbeingtrappedfor30hoursbutshe44everything:Her

home,herdaughterandbothherlegs.

Inthehospital,shemanagedtobearthepainand45withotherpatients.

Theyaskedher:"Howareyoustilllaughingatthispoint?^^

"BecauseIamstill46Jshereplied.

Twomonthsaftertheearthquake,shewasaskedifshewantedtotakeup

dancing47.Atthetime,shewasstillinrecovery（康复），butthatdidnotstopher

determination.48togetonthestage（舞台）onemoretime,“shesaid.

However,fromtreatmenttotheadjusting（适应）ofprostheticlimbs（义肢），Ms

Liaosaiditwasa（n）49journey."Itwascommontobeinsomuchpain,“shesaid.

Afterseeingmanypatientscouldn'tadjusttotheirprostheticlegs,MsLiao

almost50thewheelchair.

“Ihadtobe51everywhere:Totheshower,tothebathroom...Ididn'thave

any52

Intheend,sherefusedto53anyoneanddecidedtohaveprostheticlimbsfitted.

Today,shecanbeseendancingandrock-climbing.

“It'seasytolose54indifficultsituations/9shesaid."Iwasthatclosetogiving

upmanytimes一butIam55Ididn't."

41.A.praisingB.treating

C.lookingforD.runningafter

42.A.exerciseB.try

C.answerD.dance

43.A.helpB.see

C.followD.find

44.A.lostB.needed

C.rememberedD.knew

45.A.competedB.walked

C.workedD.joked

46.A.satisfiedB.healthy

C.aliveD.amazed

47.A.againB.too

C.insteadD.soon

48.A.refusedB.wanted

C.promisedD.failed

49.A.importantB.short

C.difficultD.dangerous

50.A.discoveredB.received

C.changedD.chose

51.A.carriedB.sent

C.encouragedD.welcomed

52.A.rightB.freedom

C.ideaD.time

53.A.learnfromB.talkwith

C.careaboutD.dependon

54.A.interestB.power

C.hopeD.trust

55.A.afraidB.glad

C.surprisedD.sure

第二节(共10小题；每小题L5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Asasurfer(冲浪运动员)，JonRosehaspersonaltiestothesurfingcommunities

ofNewYorkandNewJersey56.(strike)hardestbyHurricaneSandy.When

helearnedafriend^restauranthadbeendestroyedbythestorm,hechose57.

(bring)hiscleanwaterorganization,WavesForWater,tohelpwithrecoveiyefforts.In

aninterview,hesharedhisdisasterreliefplanandthemostsatisfyingpartofhis

experience.

“Asweweregettingmoreinformationfrom58.(difference)

communitiesupanddownthecoastline,Iconsidered59.(develop)aplan

thatcouldbeusedineachcommunity.Imadeathree-stepplanforaddressingthis

disaster.Iwroteitout,putitonoursite,and...withinaweek'stime,we60.

(have)supportcomingin.”

“Thefirststepisdistributing(分配)supplies.IhavestorehousesinNewYorkand

NewJersey61.wereabletoreceivethings.Thenwesetupreliefcenters

wherewewouldgiveoutsupplies/9

“Thesecondstepisclearingdebris.You'reeithercleaningouthouses,orpeople

havealreadycleanedout62.(they)housesandyou'retryingtocleanaway

therubbish.”

“Thethirdstepisrebuilding.We'vegot10sitesthatwe'rerebuildingbutwestill

havealargeamountofworktodo.Wealmosthave63.(much)worknow

thanwedidsixmonthsago.”

“There'salways64.senseofachievementwhenyou'reabletochange

someone9sstate.There'sanobviousphysicalchange;youlook65.

somebodyandgo,"Wow,youlook20yearsyounger;you'rebackonyour住et.'"

第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

假定你是李华，上周五你校举办了主题为“预防森林火灾”的校园活动。请你

为校英语报写一篇报道，内容包括：

1.参加人员；

2.活动内容：观看短片、制作黑板报；

3.活动反响。

注意：写作词数应为80左右。

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整

的短文。

“WhydidDad'sjobmakeusmovetoSouthAmericaanyway?^^IaskedMom."The

TVshowsareinSpanishandImissgoingtoschool.TheworstpartisthatIdon'thave

anyfriendshere.AllofthekidsspeakSpanish.”

“Iknowit'shard,sweetheart.Tmlonelyheretoo,“Momsaid.

“It'shardtomakefriendswhenIcan'ttalktoanybody.

Momhugged（拥抱）me."We'llonlybelivinghereforeightmoremonths.^^

Atthatmoment,eightmonthssoundedlikeforever.Afewdayslater,Dadsaidthat

amanathisworkhadadaughtermyage."Wouldyouliketoinviteherovertoplay?”

“DoesshespeakEnglish?^^

“No,"Dadsaid,“butIcanteachyouafewSpanishwordssothetwoofyoucan

talkalittlebit.”

Ishrugged（耸肩）."It'shardtobefriendswithsomeonewhenyoucan'treallytalk

tothem.^^

Dadnodded."Iunderstand,butyouwishedforafriend.^^

“ImeanafriendwhospeaksEnglish.^^

“Iknow,butthismightbefunanyway.I'mgoingtoaskherdadtobringherover

toourhouse.”

Thefollowingafternoon,Mariaandherdadcameover.IfeltfunnybecauseIdidn't

knowhowwe'dplaytogetherwithoutbeingabletotalktooneanother.

“Hola,“Isaidquietly,whichmeans"hi"inSpanish.

MariasmiledandsaidsomethingIdidn'tunderstand.IlookedatDadand

whispered（低声说）,"Thisisn'tgoingtowork."

“Giveitachance,“hesaid.

ThenMariashowedmeacardboardbox.She'dbroughtagamecalledConnect

Four.

Dadsmiled."Youdon'tneedtospeakthesamelanguagetoplaythatgame.^^

MariaandIwenttomybedroomandsetupthegame.Wetookturnsputtingthe

coloreddisks（圆片）intotheboard,tryingtogetfourinarow.SuddenlyMariasmiled

andpointedatthefourredpiecesinarow.

Ismiledandsaid,“Youwon.Goodgame.”

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

AlthoughI'msureMariadidn'tunderstandmywords,Icouldtellsheunderstood

mysmile._______________________________________________________________

Aswewerebothlaughing,Irealizedthatalthoughwespokedifferentlanguages,

rdactuallymadeafriend.______________________________________

参考答案

听力（略）

21-25CBDDD26-30BDBCA

31-35DBBCA36-40GDEFB

41-45CCBAD46-50CABCD51-55ABDCB

56.struck57.tobring58.different59.developing60.had

61.which/that62.their63.more64.a65.at

写作

第一节

Onepossibleversion:

LastFriday,ourschoolheldanactivityaboutforestfireprevention.Over500

teachersandstudentstookpart.

First,wewatchedseveralshortvideosabouthowforestfiresstart,howdangerous

theycanbeandwhattodotopreventthem.Then,eachclassdesignedtheirown

blackboardnewspapershowingthedangersofforestfiresandactionsweshouldtake

inourdailylifetopreventforestfires.

Thestudentsthoughttheactivitywasmeaningfulbecauseitletthemrealizeforest

firescanbedeadlybuttheycandosomethingtopreventandcontrolthem.

第二节

Onepossibleversion:

AlthoughI'msureMariadidnftunderstandmywords,Icouldtellsheunderstood

mysmile.Whenweweredoneplayingthegame,Mariapointedatthepaintsonmy

desk.ShesaidsomethinginSpanish,butIknewwhatshemeant.Ipointedateachcolor

andtoldhertheEnglishwordsfbrthem.Afterthat,wetookturnspointingatthingsin

myroomandsayingthewordforeachthing,andIlearnedtheSpanishwordsfbrthose

things.MariamadeafacewhenIheldupmymathbook.Ilaughed.

Aswewerebothlaughing,Irealizedthatalthoughwespokedifferentlanguages,

rdactuallymadeafriend.Thatnight,IthankedDadforinvitingMariatoourhouse.

“WehadfunandIlearnedalittlebitofSpanish,1said.IaskedDadtohelpmework

onmySpanishsoIcouldtalkwithMariawhenshecameovernexttime.WhileIstill

missedmyfriendsinIndiana,Iknewthenexteightmonthsweregoingtobealotmore

funwithMariaaround.

部分解析

阅读

第一节

A篇

主题语境：人与自我—生活与学习

本文是应用文。文章为一则诗歌竞赛通知。

21.Co细节理解题。由第二段中的yourpoemneedstobeunder150wordsandabout

science可知，参赛诗歌作品得少于150词。

22.Bo细节理解题。由第一段中的Thecompetitioninvitesyoungpeopleaged5-16

tohandinapoemonanysciencetopic及第三段中的Thecompetitionisopentoany

childatprimaryorsecondaryschool,orhome-schooledinOxfordshire可知，该诗歌

竞赛面向五到十六岁的学生。

23.Do细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的Theclassofthewinnerofthesecondaryage

categorywillwinatouroftheRutherfordAppletonLaboratory可知，中学年龄段冠

军的班级可以参观卢瑟福・阿普尔顿实验室(RutherfordAppletonLaboratory)o

补充说明：

卢瑟福・阿普尔顿实验室是一个多学科、综合性的大型国家实验室，位于英国的牛

津郡，它的历史可以追溯到1921年。

B篇

主题语境：人与自然——灾害防范

本文是记叙文。文章描述了主人公Lang在海啸中逃生的经历。

24.Do细节理解题。由第一段中的LangwasontheislandofKoPhiPhi,justsouth

ofPhuket,Thailand,shoppingonMainStreetwithherfriendRubinaWong,when

suddenlyeverythingchanged可知，海啸发生时，Lang正和朋友逛街购物。

25.Do细节理解题。由第二段中的shenoticedwaterracingintotheisland,butso

strongandfastthatshecouldnolongerliftherfeettorun可知，涌向岛上的水流很

急、水力太大，Lang根本跑不动。

26.Bo推理判断题。由第三段中的Langwasstuckunderwaterbetweendebriswith

thesurfacejustaboveherface和ThemoreIstruggled,thetighterIwasstuck.Icould

notreachthesurface可知，Lang被困在了水里，无法动弹。blackout暂时失去知

觉；昏厥。

27.Do细节理解题。由最后一段中的Shepulledherselfontoafloatingdoorand

couldseethatthewholeislandwasfloodedandalotofbuildingsweregone及She

encouragedherselftoclimboverfloatingobjectstothebalconyofthehouse可知，

Lang利用水中的漂流物支撑着自己，最终她爬到不远处一座房子的阳台上，脱

置了危险。

C篇

主题语境：人与自然——灾害防范

本文是新闻报道。文章描述了尼泊尔地震后的救援工作。

28.Bo词义猜测题。本句中的This指代上文中的searchforsurvivorsthroughthe

ruinsoEtl本句中的sinceitcantakemanyhourstosafelydigsurvivors,ofteninneed

ofimmediatemedicalcare,outoftheruins可知，救援队需要花好长时间才能把幸

存者从废墟中安全救出来。结合下文中救援队救助Khanal的不易过程可推断，

tough在此应该表示“困难的，不容易的工

29.Co推理判断题。由第三段中AkhileshShrestha所说的Whatmadehissurvival

sounusualwasthatafterthefirstthreedays,therewaslittlechanceoffindingsurvivors

可知，在AkhileshShrestha看来，地震三天后，找到幸存者的可能性微乎其

微。Khanal能活下来简直是个奇迹。

30.Ao细节理解题。由第五段中的19peoplewerekilledwhenanavalanchecaused

bytheearthquakehithundredsoftentsatbasecamp可知,地震引发珠穆朗玛峰雪

崩，许多基地大本营被埋,造成19人死亡。

31.Do推理判断题。由最后一段的描述可知，直升机每次只能运送四五名受伤

者，而且只能在珠穆朗玛峰上短暂停留，这使得救援工作变得困难。但是，最终

所有的伤者都被成功营救。也就是说，救援工作虽然充满挑战，但圆满完成了。

touchdown着陆，降落。

D篇

主题语境：人与自然——灾害防范

本文是说明文。发生于1883年的喀拉喀托火山爆发产生了有史以来最大的

响声。

32.B»写作目的题。文章首句提到喀拉喀托火山爆发产生了有史以来最大的响声。

由第一段中的Itsentsoundwavesaroundtheworldfourtimesandcouldbeheard

3,000milesawayontheislandofRodrigues...thesameasCalifornianshearinganoise

madeinNewYork及InWesternAustralia,2,000milesaway,peoplethoughtwarhad

erupted可知，喀拉喀托火山爆发时，声波随着火山物质喷涌而出，传到3,000英

里外的罗德里格斯岛，人们以为在放炮；与此同时，2,000英里外的西澳大利亚

州也为之震憾，人们以为战争爆发了。由此可知，作者提到罗德里格斯岛和西澳

大利亚州是为了说明喀拉喀托火山爆发时的响声之巨大。take...tobe…误以

为……是……。

33.Bo细节理解题。由第二段中的Thesoundwassopowerfulthatitrupturedthe

eardrumsofpeopleworkingonaBritishship40milesfromtheeruption可知，喀拉

喀托火山爆发时的声波将离岛40英里的英国船员的鼓膜震裂了。

34.Co细节理解题。由第四段中的Intheyearfollowingtheeruption,the

averagetemperaturearoundtheworldfellby1.2degreesCelsius(℃),andtheearth

remainedunusuallycoolforaboutfivemoreyears可知，喀拉喀托火山爆发后第二

年，全球平均气温下降了1.2摄氏度。

35.Ao主旨大意题。全文共分为五个段落：第一、二段讲述喀拉喀托火山爆发产

生了剧烈的响声；第三、四段讲述喀拉喀托火山爆发的灾害影响；最后一段讲述

喀拉喀托之子火山的再次喷发。因此，本文主要介绍喀拉喀托火山爆发。A项表

示“历史上响声最大的火山爆发”，符合文意，且突出了关于喀拉喀托火山爆发的

世界之最。

第二节

主题语境：人与自然——灾害防范

本文是说明文。文章讲述了如何防范自然灾害。

36.Go空前的Theseevents指代上文中的hunicanesintheCaribbeanandsouthern

U.S.,earthquakesinMexico,andmonsoonsinsouthernAsia。下文讲述的是人们应

如何应对自然灾害。所有选项中，只有G项符合语境。G项中的They指代上文

中的Theseevents,Theyalsobrought”页接上文Theseeventsbroughtdamageto

communitieso

37.Do空前讲述的是面对即将发生的自然灾害，可以提前做些准备。结合空后的

Whenfacedwiththosesituations,whatshouldyoudotostaysafe?Howcanyoube

betterprepared?及下段中的duringanemergency可知，本空所讲内容与“突发的自

然灾害”相关，故选D项。

38.Eo空前提到了生存技能；空后讲述有突发情况时，你根本来不及查阅书籍了

解生存技能。由Thisisbecause可知，空后内容对本空作进一步解释，故选E项。

E项中的Theseskills指代上文中的Practicalsurvivalskillso

39.Fo由本段中的Butwhenfearrunsunchecked,apersonmaymakedangerous

choices.Ittakespracticetolearntostaycalminfrighteningsituations,butitcanbe

done可知，本段讲述在紧急情况下应保持冷静、不要过度恐惧，因此，F项作本

段的主旨句最恰当，且Stayingcalm与下文中的staycalm为原词复现关系。本

段中的unchecked意为“不受抑制的，未加拘束的”。

40.Bo本段讨论自然灾害发生时，人们应该原地等待救援还是自己寻求救援。结

合本段中的Thatdependsonalotofthings,especiallywhereyouare及Ifyouthink

you'renotgoingtobeabletosurvivewhereyouare,you'rebetterofftryingtomove

towardwherethereareotherpeople可知，B项符合语境。B项中的Italsodepends

on顺接上文中的Thatd