高三英语培优外刊阅读学案航空话题

高三英语培优外刊阅读班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________外刊精选｜旧疾未愈又添新伤，波音乱象何时休？2024一开年，美国波音公司制造的飞机事故频发：阿拉斯加航空的一架波音737MAX9型客机发生高空舱门脱落，一架波音货运飞机在起飞后不久机身着火，甚至美国国务卿布林肯所乘坐的专机也发生了氧气泄露事故，一行人被迫下机。当地时间1月23日，阿拉斯加航空CEO在接受采访时表示，在“多架”波音737MAX9上发现松动螺栓。2019年波音就曾被爆出生产和监管问题，如今可谓是旧疾未愈再添新伤，再次深陷信任危机。波音飞机如此频繁地发生事故，究竟是什么原因？波音公司如何表态？'ThisHasBeenGoingonforYears.'InsideBoeing'sManufacturingMess.BySharonTerlepandAndrewTangelLongbeforetheharrowingAlaskaAirlinesblowoutonJan.5,therewereconcernswithinBoeingaboutthewaytheaerospacegiantwasbuildingitsplanes.Boeing,likesomanyotherAmericanmanufacturers,wasoutsourcingmoreandmoreoftheponentsthatwentintoitsplexmachines.Dozensoffactoriesbuildkeypiecesof737and787jetsbeforetheyareassembledbyBoeing.OneofthemisasprawlingfuselageplantinWichita,Kan.,thatBoeingowneduntil2005.ThefactoryisnowrunbyapublicpanycalledSpiritAeroSystemsandithasbeenplaguedbyproductionproblemsandqualitylapsessinceBoeingcededsomuchresponsibilityforitswork.SomeSpiritemployeessaidproductionproblemsweremonandinternalplaintsaboutqualitywereignored.Inagivenmonth,ataproductionrateoftwofuselagesaday,thereare10millionholesthatneedtobefilledwithsomebinationofbolts,fastenersandrivets."WehaveplanesallovertheworldthathaveissuesthatnobodyhasfoundbecauseofthepressureSpirithasputonemployeestogetthejobdonesofast,"saidCornellBeard,presidentoftheInternationalAssociationofMachinistsandAerospaceWorkerschapterrepresentingworkersatSpirit'sWichitafactory.BoeingChiefExecutiveDavidCalhountoldstaffthattheywerefortunatethattheAlaskapilotswereabletosavethepassengersandthepanyneededtotakeresponsibilityfor"ourmistake."HemadeclearthatwhethertheproblemoriginatedwithworkdonebySpiritorBoeing,Boeingultimatelyisresponsibleforcheckingplanesthatleaveitsplants.【词汇过关】请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。1.inside英[ɪnˈsaɪd]美[ɪnˈsaɪd]prep._______________________________2.manufacturing英[ˌmænjəˈfæktʃərɪŋ]美[ˌmænjəˈfæktʃərɪŋ]n.________________3.manufacturev._______________________________4.mess英[mes]美[mes]n._______________________________5.harrowing英[ˈhærəʊɪŋ]美[ˈheroʊɪŋ]adj._______________________________6.blowout英[ˈbləʊaʊt]美[ˈbloʊaʊt]n._______________________________7.outsource英[ˈaʊtsɔːs]美[ˈaʊtsɔːrs]v._______________________________8plex英[ˈkɒmpleks]美[kɑːmˈpleks]adj._______________________________9.assemble英[əˈsembl]美[əˈsembl]v._______________________________10.sprawling英[ˈsprɔːlɪŋ]美[ˈsprɑːlɪŋ]adj._______________________________11.fuselage英[ˈfjuːzlɑːʒ]美[ˈfjuːzlɑːʒ]n._______________________________12.plant英[plɑːnt]美[plænt]n._______________________________13.public英[ˈpʌblɪk]美[ˈpʌblɪk]adj._______________________________14.plague英[pleɪɡ]美[pleɪɡ]n.___________________；v.________________15.lapse英[læps]美[læps]n._______________________________16.cede英[siːd]美[siːd]v._______________________________17.given英[ˈɡɪvən]美[ˈɡɪvən]adj._______________________________18.chapter英[ˈtʃæptər]美[ˈtʃæptər]n._______________________________19.originate英[əˈrɪdʒneɪt]美[əˈrɪdʒneɪt]v._______________________________20.sprawlv._______________________________【词块学习】请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。1_______________________________一段令人心酸的采访2._______________________________悲惨的记忆3._______________________________化工厂4._______________________________汽车厂5._______________________________上市，公开出售股份（金融语境中）6._______________________________上市公司7._______________________________受......困扰8._______________________________走了一下神9._______________________________不小心记错了10._______________________________以……的速度11._______________________________地方分会12._______________________________明确说明拓展练习阅读理解AdvancesinAIandmachinelearninghavesparkedinterestfromgovernmentsthatwouldliketousethesetoolsforpatrolling(巡查)purposefullybeforehandtopreventcrime.However,earlyeffortsatcrimepredictionhavebeencontroversial,becausetheydonotallowforsystematicbiases(偏见)inpoliceenforcementanditsplexrelationshipwithcrimeandsociety.UniversityofChicago(UC)dataandsocialscientistshavedevelopedanewalgorithm(算法)thatforecastscrimebylearningpatternsintimeandgeographiclocationsfrompublicdataonviolentandpropertycrimes.Ithasdemonstratedsuccessatpredictingfuturecrimesoneweekinadvancewithapproximately90%accuracy.ThenewtoolwastestedandvalidatedusinghistoricaldatafromtheCityofChicagoaroundtwobroadcategoriesofreportedevents:violentcrimesandpropertycrimes.Thenewmodelisolatescrimebylookingatthetimeandspatialcoordinates(坐标)ofseparateeventsanddetectingpatternstopredictfutureevents.Itdividesthecityintospatialsectionsroughly1,000feetacrossandpredictscrimewithintheseareasinsteadofrelyingontraditionalneighborhoodorpoliticalboundaries,whicharealsosubjecttobias.ThemodelperformedjustaswellwithdatafromsevenotherUScities.IshanuChattopadhyay,seniorauthorofthestudy,iscarefultonotethatthetool’saccuracydoesnotmeanthatitshouldbeusedtodirectlawenforcement,withpolicedepartmentsusingittoflocktoneighborhoodsaheadoftimetostopcrime.Instead,itshouldbeaddedtoatoolboxofurbanpoliciesandpolicingstrategiestoaddresscrime.“Wecreatedadigitaltwinofurbanenvironments.Ifyoufeeditdatafromwhathappenedinthepast,itwilltellyouwhat’sgoingtohappeninfuture.It’snotmagical;therearelimitations,butwetesteditanditworkswell,”Chattopadhyaysaid.“Nowyoucanusethisasamodeltooltoseewhathappensifcrimegoesupinonearea,orthereisincreasedenforcementinanotherarea.Ifyouapplyallthesedifferentdata,youcanseehowthesystemevolvesinresponse.”28.WhatinformationwoulddataandsocialscientistsinUCcollect?A.Periodsoftrafficjams. B.Itemsoflostandfound.C.Theftsandrobberiesonthestreet. D.Casualty(伤亡)intrafficaccidents.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“validated”inParagraph3mean?A.Confirmed. B.Modified. C.Classified. D.Abandoned.30.What’sParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthisnewtool.B.Theprinciplesandgoodperformancesofthisnewtool.C.Positivefeedbackfromsomeotherexpertsinthisfield.D.ThehardprocessofChattopadhyay’sdevelopingthistool.31.WhatcanweknowfromChattopadhyay’sopiniononthetool’suse?A.Hedoesnotthinkit’saccurateenoughtoputintouse.B.Thelimitationsaretoberemovedforabetterperformance.C.Thepolicedepartmentcanwhollyrelyonittopreventcriminals.D.Itcanbeofhelpwhentheauthoritymakepoliciesconcerningcrimes.外刊精选答案【词汇过关】请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。1.inside英[ɪnˈsaɪd]美[ɪnˈsaɪd]prep.……的里面；深挖，揭底2.manufacturing英[ˌmænjəˈfæktʃərɪŋ]美[ˌmænjəˈfæktʃərɪŋ]n.制造，制造业3.manufacturev.用机器大批量地生产、制造4.mess英[mes]美[mes]n.混乱，麻烦5.harrowing英[ˈhærəʊɪŋ]美[ˈheroʊɪŋ]adj.令人十分难过的，恐怖的6.blowout英[ˈbləʊaʊt]美[ˈbloʊaʊt]n.车胎的爆破；某个机械部件的爆裂7.outsource英[ˈaʊtsɔːs]美[ˈaʊtsɔːrs]v.外包8plex英[ˈkɒmpleks]美[kɑːmˈpleks]adj.复杂的，难懂的9.assemble英[əˈsembl]美[əˈsembl]v.装配，组装10.sprawling英[ˈsprɔːlɪŋ]美[ˈsprɑːlɪŋ]adj.蔓延的，伸展的；规模庞大的11.fuselage英[ˈfjuːzlɑːʒ]美[ˈfjuːzlɑːʒ]n.飞机的机身12.plant英[plɑːnt]美[plænt]n.植物；工厂13.public英[ˈpʌblɪk]美[ˈpʌblɪk]adj.公开的14.plague英[pleɪɡ]美[pleɪɡ]n.瘟疫，灾害；v.使……受困扰、受折磨15.lapse英[læps]美[læps]n.过失，疏忽16.cede英[siːd]美[siːd]v.割让，转让17.given英[ˈɡɪvən]美[ˈɡɪvən]adj.指定的，特定的18.chapter英[ˈtʃæptər]美[ˈtʃæptər]n.章节；某个组织的分会19.originate英[əˈrɪdʒneɪt]美[əˈrɪdʒneɪt]v.起源于……20.sprawlv.伸开四肢坐着（或躺着）；蔓延【词块学习】请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。1.aharrowinginterview一段令人心酸的采访2.harrowingmemories悲惨的记忆3.achemicalplant化工厂4.acarplant汽车厂5.gopublic上市，公开出售股份（金融语境中）6.apublicpany上市公司7.beplaguedbysom