2022年山西省吕梁市高一下学期5月英语第13周周测卷

2021-2022学年山西省吕梁市高一下学期5月英语第13周周测卷第I卷（选择题）阅读理解AGraceHopper(December9,1906—January1,1992)ShewasacomputerscientistfromtheUnitedStates.Shedevelopedthefirstcompilerforacomputerprogramminglanguage.ShepioneeredtheideaofwritingcomputerprogramsinalanguageclosetoEnglish.Shewasinstrumentalintheestablishmentoftestingstandardsforcomputersystems.Shemadeimportantcontributionstocomputertechnology.BarbaraMcClintock(June16,1902—September2,1992)ShewasanAmericanscientistwhowontheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinein1983.Sheledthedevelopmentofthemaizecytogenetics(细胞遗传学).Shediscoveredtheprocessoftranspositionandusedittodemonstratehowgenesareassociatedwiththepresenceorabsenceofcertainphysicalcharacteristicsinhumanbeings.Sheisoneofthematfamouscytogeneticistsoftheworld.Chien-ShiungWu(May31,1912—February16,1997)ShewasaChinese-Americanscientistknownforherworkinradioactivity.ShewasapartoftheManhattanprojectwhereshehelpeddeveloptheprocessofmakinguranium-235anduranium-238.Herexperimentestablishedthatweakinteractiondidnotfollowthelawofconservationofparity.ShewasawinnerofthefirstWolfPrizeinPhysicsandwasoftencomparedwithMarieCurie,givinghernicknamesliketheChineseMadameCurie.AnitaRoberts(April3,1942—May26,2006)ShewasamolecularbiologistwhowasinstrumentalinthediscoveryoftheproteinTGF-beta.Thisproteinhasthepotentialofplayingadoubleroleofblockingaswellasstimulatingcancerandithelpsinthecuringofwoundsandfractures.AnitaRobertsisoneofthemost-citedscientistsintheworld.1．WhatdoGraceHopperandBarbaraMeClintockhaveincommon?A．TheywonNobelPrize.B．TheywerefromAmerica.C．Theypassedawayatage86.D．Theystudiedcomputertechnology.2．WhatcanwelearnaboutChien-ShiungWu?A．Sheisagreatphysicist.B．ShewasastudentofMarieCurie.C．Shewasfamousforstudyinggenes.D．Shewasinstrumentalincomputertechnology.3．Whosecontributionsaregreatlybeneficialtopatients?A．GraceHopper’s. B．AnitaRoberts’.C．Chien-ShiungWu’s. D．BarbaraMcClintock’s.BToday,rollerskating(滑旱冰)iseasyandfun.Butmanyyearsago,itwasn’teasyatall.Before1745,peoplenevertriedskatingonwheels.ThatchangedbecauseofamannamedJosephMerlin.Merlin’sworkwasmakinginstruments(工具).Inhisfreetime,helikedtoplaytheviolin.Merlinwasamanwithmanyideasanddreams.Peoplecalledhimadreamer.Oneday,Merlinreceivedaninvitationtogotoanimportantparty.Hewasverypleasedandalittleexcited.Asthedayofthepartycamenear,Merlinbegantothink.Hewantedtomakeawonderfulentranceattheparty.Merlinhadanidea.Hethoughtthathewouldattractalotofattentionifhecouldskateintotheroom.Merlintrieddifferentwaystomakehimselfroll(滚动).Finally,hedecidedtoputtwowheelsundereachshoe.Thesewerethefirstrollerskateshoes.Merlinwasveryproudofthem.Hedreamedofarrivingatthepartyandskatingintotheroomwhileplayingtheviolin.Hewassurethateveryonewouldbeverysurprised.OnthenightofthepartyMerlinrolledintotheroom,playinghisviolin.Everyonewasreallysurprisedtoseehim.Therewasjustoneproblem.Merlinhadnowaytostophisrollerskating.Herolledon,playingtheviolin.Then,withalleyesonhim,Merlinhitintoahugemirroronthewall.Themirrorbrokeintomanypieceswithaveryloudnoise.NobodyforgetMerlin’swonderfulentranceafterthat.4．WhatkindofapersonwasJosephMerlin?A．Hewasamanwithoutanyfriends.B．Hewasamanwithlotsofmoney.C．Hewasamanwithmanyideasanddreams.D．Hewasamaninawheelchair.5．WhatmadeMerlinthinkofskatingonshoes?A．Hiswork. B．Hisviolin.C．Ahugemirror. D．Animportantparty.6．WhatwasMerlin’sproblemafterherolledintotheroom?A．Hecouldn’tstophisroller-skating.B．Hecouldn’tattractalotofattention.C．Hecouldn’tmakeeveryonerememberhim.D．Hecouldn’tplaytheviolinwhilerolling.第II卷（非选择题）二、语法填空（每空2分，共20分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式,Manypeoplemayaskwhywespendsomuchtimeandmoneyonspacetechnologiesthatwillsendusintospaceandhelpusexploreplanetsinthe____7____(distant)while,athomeonEarth,wealreadyhavesomanychallengesinneedofsolutions.Actually,thedevelopmentofspacetechnologieshasalreadybenefitedEarthin____8____(many)waysthanone.Forexample,theGPSsystemhashelpedustoreduceenergyuseonsea,landandintheairbyupto35%.Othertechnologies____9____(adapt)fromspaceusehavealsohelpedustoreducegreenhousegasemissions(排放),____10____affectenvironmentsacrosstheglobe.Oneofthebestexamplesissolarpower.It____11____(create)byNASAinthe1950sforitsspacelabs.Nowadays,ithasbeenwidelyusedintheworld____12____(replace)coalandoilinordertocutgreenhousegasemissions.Notonlycanspacetechnologiesprotectsociety____13____climatechange,buttheycanalsohelp____14____extremelywiderangeofEarth-basedservicesandindustries.Andinthenext5to20years,wewillseemoreadvancedspacetechnologiesmake____15____(they)marksinourdailylives.Inshort,spacetechnologiesareaveryimportantpartofoursociety.Aswefurtherexplorethespace,thenewtechnologiesneededtodosowill____16____(great)benefitourlivesdownonEarthandhelpustoimproveoursocietyandsafeguardourplanet,too.三、短文改错（每空2分，共20分）17．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Whyarepeoplesointerestingindreams?Manycultureshavestoriesofdreamsthatpredictthefutureorchangedhistory.Canwereallylearnsomethingbystudyingdreams?Biologistssaythatdreamsaresimpleachemicalreactioninthebrain.Ifthey’reuseful,itisonlyrelatedtostudythehumanbrain.Scientistshavefoundthatwhenpeopledorememberdreams,whichtheyoftenhaveanegativeemotionsuchasfear,anxietyorshame.Ifeveryonedreamsaboutsamethings,doesthatmakethemmoreandlessimportant?Weonlydreamabouttwohoursanight.Andeventhoughsomepeoplehaveuptosevendreamsanight,theyusuallydon’trememberitunlesssomethingwakethemupduringthedream.四、uint3词性转换（每空2分,共30分）associationn.联合；联想；交往→____1____vt.联想；使联合→__2______adj.关联的；联合的attachvt.&vi.系上，缚上→____3____n.附件；依恋flexibleadj.灵活的；可变通的；易弯曲的→______4__adv.灵活地；易曲地→____5____n.灵活性；弹性selectvt.挑选；选择→____6____n.选择；挑选；选集expectationn.[U,C]预料；预期；期待→____7____vt.期待；预料inspirevt.鼓舞；激发→_____8___adj.令人振奋的；激励人的；鼓舞人心的→_____9___adj.有创见的；有灵感的→_____10___n.灵感；鼓