四川省成都市2025届高三英语上学期一诊模拟考试试卷含解析

Page26（满分150分考试时间：120分钟）第I卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whenwillthebusmostlikelycome?A.Infiveminutes.B.Intenminutes.C.Infifteenminutes.2.WhatdoesthemanplantodoinLasVegas?A.Buyashirt.B.Buyasuitcase.C.Winalotofmoney.3.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouthersituation?A.Sheisgladtheworstisover.B.Hersisterisworsethanbefore.C.Shewantstogobacktoherparents’house.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Makingsandwiches.B.Buyingfoodforameeting.C.Earningmoneyforanassociation.5.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.InanInternetcafé.C.Inacoffeeshop.其次节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Usetheman’sphone.B.Getaridefromtheman.C.Haveherhaircut.7.Whereisthewoman’scar?A.Outsideheroffice.B.Atherhairdresser’s.C.Neartheman’sbuilding.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Wheredoesthewomanbuymostofhermusic?A.FromiTunes.B.FromeMusic.C.FromGooglePlay.9.Whatdoesthemanseemtocareabout?A.Savingmoneyonmusic.B.Collectingacertainkindofmusic.C.Supportingindependentmusicians.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whoisthemangoingtothemovieswith?A.Hissister.B.Thewoman.C.HisfriendRay.11.Whatdoesthewomanwanttosee?A.Amusical.B.Adocumentary.C.Anactionfilm.12.WhatdoesthemandislikeaboutfilmslikeRogueOne?A.Themusic.B.Theacting.C.Thedialogue.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Bossandemployee.14.Wheredoesthewomanwork?A.Inahospital.B.Atauniversity.C.Atatechcompany.15.Howlonghasthewomanbeenathercurrentjob?A.Foraboutonemonth.B.Foraboutsixmonths.C.Foraroundoneyear.16.Whatistheman’sadvice?A.Findanewjob.B.Takesomemedicine.C.Workoutmoreoften.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.HowmuchofadiscountdoDeluxePassbuyersget?A.10percentoff.B.12percentoff.C.15percentoff.18.Whatisthecostofthethreeplans?A.$649,$849,and$1049.B.$619,$819,and$1019.C.$619,$849,and$1049.19.WhatwillmembersreceiveiftheypaybeforeNovember30?A.Onefreemonth.B.Seasonaldiscounts.C.Freeparkingpasses.20.Whocanpayforthemembershiponamonth-to-monthplan?A.PeoplewholiveinCalifornia.B.PeoplewhopurchasetheSignaturePass.C.PeoplewhobuytheSignaturePlusPass.其次部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AIt’sanexcitingmomentwhenyoudecidethatyouaregoingtostudyintheUS!Beforeyoustartpackingyourbags,hereareseveralthingsthatstudentsneedtohavebeforeapplyingtostudyintheUS.ApplicationfeeandfinancialinformationManystudentsarenotawarethattheyhavetopayanapplicationfeetoapplytoschools,collegesanduniversitiesintheUS.Whilethismightnotbeanormalpracticeinothercountries,thisisstandardintheUS.

Applicationfeescanrangeinpricedependingontheschool.Someschoolschargeasmuchas$90whileotherschoolschargeaslittleas$25.Generally,schoolswillwaive(免除)theapplicationfeeundercertainfinancialcircumstances.Ifyouneedfinancialassistancetosubmityourapplication,contactyourprospectiveuniversity’sadmissionsoffice.

Inadditiontotheapplicationfee,studentsarerequiredtoshowproofoffinancialqualification.Generally,mostschoolswillrequireacopyofyourbankstatementbutsomeschoolsmayallowotherdocumentstoshowfinancialqualification.PassportAsyouarenotacitizenorpermanentresidentoftheUS,youwillneedapassporttostudyintheUS.SchoolsintheUSrequireprospectivestudentstosubmittheirpassportnumbersontheirapplications.Withoutapassport,theschoolwillnotbeabletoissuethenecessaryformsforastudentvisa,ifaccepted.Mostimportantly,yourpassportmustbevalid(有效的)sixmonthsbeyondthetimeyourplannedstudieshavebeencompleted.AcademicrecordsandtestscoresTherearemanyprogramsintheUSandeachhasitsrequirementsforadmission.SomeschoolswillrequirestudentstosubmitSATorACTscoresbeforesubmittingtheirapplications.Asaninternationalstudent,youwillhavetosubmitaTOEFLorIELTSscoreforconsiderationtoanundergraduateprogram.

Inaddition,schoolswillrequireyourpreviousacademictranscripts(reports).Thesetranscriptsshouldbefromanypreviouslearninginstitution,suchasahighschool.Obtainingacademictranscriptscanbeatime-consumingprocess,somakesuretoplanahead.ApplyingtostudyintheUScanbeanoverwhelmingprocessbutifyourememberthesekeyelementsneededtoapply,you’llexperienceaneasyandsimpleapplicationprocess.1.WhatisamustforeveryinternationalstudenttoapplytostudyintheUSA?A.Topayapplicationfees. B.Toprovetheirfinancialqualification.C.TosubmitSATorACTscores. D.Tokeeppassportsvalidfor6months.2.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A.Theapplicationprocessiseasy,simplebuttime-consuming.B.Payingapplicationfeesisnotuncommoninothercountries.C.Theadmissionsofficeoffersloanstopoorinternationalstudents.D.TOEFLorIELTSscoresarevitalforanundergraduateprogram.3.Inwhichcolumndoesthetextprobablyappearinthenewspaper?A.AmericanCampus. B.SolvingStress. C.SharedFuture. D.SummerFun.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，为留学生介绍申请赴美留学前须要具备的几件事。【1题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第四段“Inadditiontotheapplicationfee,studentsarerequiredtoshowproofoffinancialqualification.(除了申请费，学生还须要供应经济资格证明)”可知，学生必需出示经济资格证明，故选B。【2题详解】微小环节理解题。依据倒数第三段“Asaninternationalstudent,youwillhavetosubmitaTOEFLorIELTSscoreforconsiderationtoanundergraduateprogram.(作为一名国际学生，你必需提交托福或雅思成果来以供本科课程考虑)”可知，托福或雅思成果对本科项目至关重要。故选D。【3题详解】推理推断题。本文给留学生介绍申请赴美留学前须要具备的几件事。文章应出自于AmericanCampus专栏。故选A。BItwasabrightspringafternoonalongtheMarylandcoast,andJonathanBauer,51,atechnologyexecutiveatahospital,andhis13-year-olddaughter,Ava,weretakingfulladvantageofit.Theyweredrivingwiththewindowsdownastheyheadedhomeonthe1.4-mile,two-laneRoute90bridge,whichspanstheshallowwatersofAssawomanBay.Suddenly,thecalmwasdisturbedbyahigh-pitchednoise.Notfaraheadofthemablackpickupwasslippingfromonelanetotheother.TotheBauers’horror,ithitaBMWsedanandcametorestswingingovertherailofthebridge.BauerstoppedhiscarandrantotheBMW.“AreyouOK?”heaskedthedriver.Shenodded,tooshockedtospeak.Andthenthedriver’sdoorofthepickupwasthrownopenandamanclimbedout.Hepointeddown,sayingsomethinginSpanish.Inthewaterwasacarseat.Nexttoit,agirl,abouttwoyearsold,wasfloatingonherback,kickingandsplashingandscreaming.Bauerwaitedforthepickupdrivertodosomething,buthedidn’t.Maybehewasinshock.Bauerjumpedintotheshallowwaterquickly,swamtothedrowninggirlinafewquickstrokesandliftedheroutofthewater:mouthhalfopen,eyesnearlyclosed,notbreathing.Standing,helaidheragainsthisshoulderandhitherbackwiththeflatofhishand.Comeon…comeon…Andthenaretching(干呕的)soundasoceanwatercamestreamingfromhermouth.Butstillnobreath.Anotherhitonthebackandanotherretch,followedbyanintakeoffreshair,andthenthebeautifulsenseoflittlefingersgraspinghimaroundtheneck.Hereyeswereopenednow,focusedonhim.AmomentlaterafamilyonarowboatpulledupanddraggedBauerandthelittlegirlaboard.Thegirlsufferedabrokenshoulderbutwasotherwiseuninjured.AvaBauerwassoinspiredbyherfather’sactionsthatfourmonthslatershebecameavolunteerfirefightersothatshetoocouldsavelives.“Thatgirlisgoingtoliveawholelifebecauseofhim,”shesays.“It’sincredible.”4.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.TouncovertheBauers’feelings. B.Tointroducetheupcomingevent.C.Todescribeascenealongthecoast. D.Toexplainthedisturbedcalmtous.5.Whathappenedonthebridge?A.Slippingfromonelanetotheother,ablackpickupsuddenlystopped.B.HavingcrashedintotheBauers’car,aBMWsedanslippedintotheocean.C.Duetothefineweather,theBauerspulleduptoenjoythewonderfulview.D.Outofcontrol,ablackpickupunfortunatelycrashedintoaBMWsedan.6.Whatcanweknowaboutthedrowninggirl?A.WithoutBauer’shelp,shemighthavedied.B.Shewastheblackpickupdriver’sdaughter.C.Shedroppedoffthecarseattotheground.D.RightafterBauerhitherback,shebreathed.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBauer?A.Innovativeandperseverant. B.Friendlyandcooperative.C.Courageousanddecisive. D.Intelligentandpatient.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了Bauer和女儿在跨海大桥上目击到了一场车祸：车祸致使一个2岁的小女孩掉落海中并差点儿溺亡。Bauer坚决跳入水中几经周折最终救了小女孩，最终Bauer的女儿也受到启发志愿成为消防员用实际行动来帮助人们的故事。【4题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段“ItwasabrightspringafternoonalongtheMarylandcoast,andJonathanBauer,51,atechnologyexecutiveatahospital,andhis13-year-olddaughter,Ava,weretakingfulladvantageofit.Theyweredrivingwiththewindowsdownastheyheadedhomeonthe1.4-mile,two-laneRoute90bridge,whichspanstheshallowwatersofAssawomanBay.Suddenly,thecalmwasdisturbedbyahigh-pitchednoise.(这是马里兰州海岸一个明媚的春日下午，51岁的医院技术主管JonathanBauer和他13岁的女儿Ava正充分利用这一天。他们在90号马路上开着车，开着窗户往家走。90号马路全长1.4英里，有两车道，横跨AssawomanBay浅水区。突然，一片安静被一个尖锐的噪音打破了)”可知，文章第一自然段交代了事务的主子公、事务发生的时间和地点以及相关背景信息。由此推知，其目的是为了引入文章主题，即后续的事务。故选B。【5题详解】微小环节理解题。依据其次段“Notfaraheadofthem,ablackpickupwasslippingfromonelanetotheother.TotheBauers’horror,ithitaBMWsedanandcametorestswingingovertherailofthebridge.(在他们前面不远处，一辆黑色皮卡正从一条车道滑到另一条车道。令鲍尔夫妇惊恐的是，它撞上了一辆宝马轿车，在桥栏杆上摇摆着停了下来)”可知，桥上一辆黑色皮卡失去限制，不幸撞上了一辆宝马轿车。故选D。【6题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第四段“Bauerjumpedintotheshallowwaterquickly,swamtothedrowninggirlinafewquickstrokesandliftedheroutofthewater:mouthhalfopen,eyesnearlyclosed,notbreathing.(鲍尔快速跳入浅水区，几下就游到溺水女孩身边，把她从水里拉了出来：嘴巴半张着，眼睛几乎闭着，没有呼吸)”以及第五段“Anotherhitonthebackandanotherretch,followedbyanintakeoffreshair,andthenthebeautifulsenseoflittlefingersgraspinghimaroundtheneck.Hereyeswereopenednow,focusedonhim.(又拍了后背了一下，又一阵恶心，接着吸了一口簇新空气，然后是小手指抓住他颈项的奇异感觉。她的眼睛睁开了，凝视着他)”可知，第一次施救后小女孩吐出了一些海水但是还是没有呼吸，其次次施救后小女孩才有呼吸并睁开了眼，说明假如没有Bauer的帮助，她可能已经死了。故选A。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据第四段“Bauerjumpedintotheshallowwaterquickly,swamtothedrowninggirlinafewquickstrokesandliftedheroutofthewater:mouthhalfopen,eyesnearlyclosed,notbreathing.(鲍尔快速跳入浅水区，几下就游到溺水的女孩身边，把她从水里拉了出来：嘴巴半张着，眼睛几乎闭着，没有呼吸)”以及第五段“Anotherhitonthebackandanotherretch,followedbyanintakeoffreshair,andthenthebeautifulsenseoflittlefingersgraspinghimaroundtheneck.Hereyeswereopenednow,focusedonhim.AmomentlaterafamilyonarowboatpulledupanddraggedBauerandthelittlegirlaboard.Thegirlsufferedabrokenshoulderbutwasotherwiseuninjured.(后背又挨了一下，又一阵恶心，接着吸了一口簇新空气，然后是小手指抓住他颈项的奇异感觉。她的眼睛睁开了，凝视着他。过了一会儿，一户人家划着小船靠岸，把鲍尔和小女孩拖上船。这名女孩肩膀骨折，但除此之外没有受伤)”可推知，Bauer是一个英勇和坚决的人。故选C。CAnewstudysaysthatnomatterhowmuchtheworldcutsbackoncarbonemissions,alargeandimportantpartofAntarcticaisexpectedtodisappear.ThestudyfocusedonthemeltingofprotectiveicearoundAntarctica’sAmundsenSeainwesternAntarctica.Theysaidthe“unavoidable”meltingwilltakehundredsofyears,resultinginariseofnearly1.8metersinsealevels.Thismeltingwillhaveaprofoundimpactonwhereandhowpeopleliveinthefuture.Thestudy,publishedinNatureClimateChange,warnsthateveniffuturewarmingwaslimitedtojustafewtenthsofadegreemore,itwouldhave“limitedpowertopreventoceanwarmingthatcouldleadtothecollapseoftheWestAntarcticIceSheet.”Theleadwriterofthestudy,KaitlinNaughten,explainsthattheresearchindicatesthattheEarthisonapathtowardsrapidoceanwarmingandiceshelfmeltingoverthecomingcentury.Whilepaststudieshavetalkedabouthowseriousthesituationis,Naughtenwasthefirsttousecomputermodelingtostudyhowwarmwaterfrombelowwillmelttheice.Thestudylookedatfourdifferentcasesinhowmuchcarbonemissionstheworldproduces.lneachcase,oceanwarmingwasjusttoomuchforthisareaoftheicetosurvive.Italsolookedatwhatwouldhappeniffuturewarmingwaslimitedto1.5degreesCelsiusovermid-19thcenturylevels:theinternationalgoal.Theyfoundtherunawaymeltingprocessinthiscaseaswell.ThestudyprimarilyfocusesonthepartoftheWestAntarcticIceSheetthatismostatriskofmeltingneartheAmundsenSea,includingtheThwaitesiceshelf,oftenreferredtoasthe“DoomsdayGlacier”.AccordingtoEricRignot,anicescientistattheUniversityofCaliforniaIrvine,thisareaisalready“doomed”(注定的)duetotherapidmeltingthathasoccurred.Naughtendoesnotliketousetheword“doomed”,becauseshesaid100yearsfromnow,theworldmightnotjuststopbutdrivebackcarbonlevelsintheairandclimatechange.Butshesaidwhatishappeningnowonthegroundisaslowcollapsethatcannotbestopped,atleastnotinthiscentury.8.Accordingtothestudy,whatwillbetheconsequenceofthe“unavoidable”meltingofice?A.AfastcollapseoftheWestAntarctica.B.Ariseinsealevelstoatleast1.8meters.C.Achangeofpeople’slivingplacesandlife.D.Asignificantreductionincarbonemissions.9.WhatisspecialaboutNaughten’sresearch?A.ExplainingwhytheEarthisonapathtowardsrapidoceanwarming.BAdoptingcomputermodelingtostudythepossibilityoficesurvival.C.Findingtherunawaymeltingprocessinthefourthcaseofoceanwarming.D.Comparingfourcasesinhowmuchcarbonemissionstheworldproduces.10.WhatwouldNaughtenmostprobablyagreewith?A.Iceshelfmeltingisunstoppableatleastinthecentury.B.Theword“doomed”accuratelydescribesthesituation.C.Carbonlevelswillneverreachtheinternationalgoal.D.Paststudieddidn’tshowhowseriousthesituationis.11.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.ToexplaintheimpactofcarbonemissionsonAntarctica.B.TosharethefindingsofanewstudyonAntarcticicemelting.C.Toanalyzethepotentialconsequencesofrapidoceanwarming.D.TocallforimmediateactiontopreventtheAntarcticicemelting.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个新的探讨发觉，无论人们怎么削减碳排放，南极洲的一大片重要区域预料都会消逝。【8题详解】微小环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Theysaidthe“unavoidable”meltingwilltakehundredsofyears,resultinginariseofnearly1.8metersinsealevels.Thismeltingwillhaveaprofoundimpactonwhereandhowpeopleliveinthefuture.(他们说，“不行避开的”溶化将须要数百年的时间，导致海平面上升近1.8米。这种溶化将对人们将来的生活地点和方式产生深远的影响)”可知，依据这项探讨，“不行避开”的冰溶化的后果将是人们生活场所和生活的变更。故选C。【9题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第三段中的“Whilepaststudieshavetalkedabouthowseriousthesituationis,Naughtenwasthefirsttousecomputermodelingtostudyhowwarmwaterfrombelowwillmelttheice.(虽然过去的探讨已经探讨了状况有多严峻，但诺顿是第一个运用计算机建模来探讨来自地下的温水将如何溶化冰的人)”可知，诺顿的探讨特别之处在于接受计算机建模来探讨冰存活的可能性。故选B。【10题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段中的“Butshesaidwhatishappeningnowonthegroundisaslowcollapsethatcannotbestopped,atleastnotinthiscentury.(但是她说，目前正在发生的状况是一种缓慢的崩溃，无法阻挡，至少在本世纪无法阻挡)”可推知，诺顿很可能会同意冰架溶化至少在本世纪内是不行阻挡的。故选A。【11题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段中的“Anewstudysaysthatnomatterhowmuchtheworldcutsbackoncarbonemissions,alargeandimportantpartofAntarcticaisexpectedtodisappear.(一项新的探讨表明，无论世界削减多少碳排放，南极洲的一大片重要地区预料都会消逝)”及下文介绍可知，文章主要介绍了一个新的探讨发觉，无论人们怎么削减碳排放，南极洲的一大片重要区域预料都会消逝。由此推知，这篇文章的目的是共享一项关于南极冰溶化的新探讨的发觉。故选B。DIn1945,twosculpturesmeanttorepresenttheaveragemancalledNormanandwomancalledNormaintheUnitedStateswentonexhibitattheAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistory.Thatsameyear,acontestwaslaunchedtofindalivingrepresentationofNorma.Normalisoftenusedtomean“typical”,“expected”,oreven“correct”.Bythatlogic,mostpeopleshouldfitthedescriptionofnormal.Andyet,notoneofalmost4,000womenwhoparticipatedinthecontestmatchedNorma,thesupposedly“normal”woman.Thispuzzleisn’tuniquetoNormaandNorman,either—timeandtimeagain,so-callednormaldescriptionsofourbodies,minds,andperceptionshaveturnedouttomatchalmostnoone.Sowhatdoesnormalactuallymean—andshouldweberelyingonitsomuch?Instatistics,anormaldistributiondescribesasetofvaluesthatfallalongabellcurve(曲线).Theaverage,ormean,ofallthevaluesisattheverycenter,andmostothervaluesfallwithinthehump(驼峰)ofthebell.Normaldoesn’tdescribeasingledatapoint,butapatternofdiversity.Manyhumantraits,likeheight,followanormaldistribution.Somepeopleareverytallorveryshort,butmostpeoplefallclosetotheoverallaverage.Outsideofstatistics,normaloftenreferstoanaveragelikethesinglenumberpulledfromthefattestpartofthebellcurvethatexcludesallthenuancesofthenormaldistribution.NormaandNorman’sproportions(比例)camefromsuchaverages.Appliedtoindividuals,whethersomeoneisconsiderednormalusuallydependsonhowcloselytheygettothisaverage.Atbest,suchdefinitionsofnormalfailtocapturevariation.Whenlimitedorinaccuratedefinitionsofnormalareusedtomakedecisionsthatimpactpeople’slives,theycandorealharm.Therewereexamplesinhistory.Tothisday,peopleareoftentargetedanddiscriminatedagainstonthebasisofdisabilities,mentalhealthissues,andotherfeaturesconsidered“notnormal”.Buttherealityisthatthedifferencesinourbodies,minds,perceptions,andideasabouttheworldaroundus—inshort,diversity—isthetruenormal.12.WhatcanwelearnaboutNormanandNorma?A.Noparticipantfittedthedescriptionoftheminthecontest.B.Theywereondisplayassoonastheywerecompletedin1945.C.TheywerebothnamedbytheAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistory.D.Peopleviewedthemastypicalandcorrectrepresentationsofhumans.13.Howdoesnormalinstatisticsdifferfromnormaloutsideofstatistics?A.Theformerandthelatterfallattotallydifferentpointsofthebellcurve.B.Theformerandthelatteraccountfordifferentpuzzlesinourdailylife.C.Thelatterisasinglenumberwhereastheformershowsapatternofdiversity.D.Thelatteroftenindicatesthedistributionofasetofvaluesbuttheformerdoesn’t.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nuances”inParagraph4mostprobablymean?A.Possibilities. B.Examples. C.Meanings. D.Differences.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.WhatIsRealNormal?B.WhenAreHumansNormal?C.HowDoesNormalCauseHarm?D.WhyShouldn’tWeRelyonNormal?【答案】12.D13.C14.D15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章告知人们事实上我们周遭世界的“diversity（多样性）”才是真正的“normal（常态）”。【12题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段“In1945,twosculpturesmeanttorepresenttheaveragemancalledNormanandwomancalledNormaintheUnitedStateswentonexhibitattheAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistory.(1945年，美国自然历史博物馆展出了两件雕塑，分别代表美国一个叫诺曼的一般男人和一个叫诺玛的女人。)”和其次段“Normalisoftenusedtomean“typical”,“expected”,oreven“correct”.(Normal通常用来表示“典型的”、“预期的”，甚至是“正确的”。)”及“Andyet,notoneofalmost4,000womenwhoparticipatedinthecontestmatchedNorma,thesupposedly“normal”woman.(然而，在参与竞赛的近4000名女性中，没有一人能与诺玛（Norma）匹敌，诺玛被认为是“正常”的女性)”可知，人们认为Norman和Norma是人类典型的，正确的代表/化身。故选D。【13题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第四段“Instatistics,anormaldistributiondescribesasetofvaluesthatfallalongabellcurve(曲线).Theaverage,ormean,ofallthevaluesisattheverycenter,andmostothervaluesfallwithinthehump(驼峰)ofthebell.Normaldoesn’tdescribeasingledatapoint,butapatternofdiversity...Outsideofstatistics,normaloftenreferstoanaveragelikethesinglenumberpulledfromthefattestpartofthebellcurve(在统计学中，正态分布描述了沿钟形曲线下降的一组值。全部值的平均值或平均值位于正中心，大多数其他值落在钟形的驼峰内。正常并不是指单个数据点，而是一种多样性模式……在统计学之外，正态通常是指一个平均值，就像从钟形曲线最胖的部分提取的单个数字)”可知，统计学里面的normal表示正态分布，呈现的是一组数据的多元模式，而统计学以外的normal一般指的是平均值，如从钟形曲线最宽厚部分抽出的单一数字一样。故选C。【14题详解】词句揣测题。依据第四段“Outsideofstatistics,normaloftenreferstoanaveragelikethesinglenumberpulledfromthefattestpartofthebellcurvethatexcludesallthenuancesofthenormaldistribution.(在统计学之外，正态通常指的是一个平均值，比如从钟形曲线最胖的部分提取的单个数字，它解除了正态分布的全部的nuances)”和第五段“Appliedtoindividuals,whethersomeoneisconsiderednormalusuallydependsonhowcloselytheygettothisaverage.Atbest,suchdefinitionsofnormalfailtocapturevariation.(对于个人来说，一个人是否被认为是正常的，通常取决于他们与这个平均值的接近程度。充其量，这种对正常的定义未能捕获到变更。)”可知，统计学以外对normal的定义无法捕获变量，只取平均值，即解除了正态分布中的全部微小差别。所以nuances为“差别”之意。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。全文围绕第三段的问题“Sowhatdoesnormalactuallymean—andshouldweberelyingonitsomuch?(那么，“正常”原委是什么意思？我们应当如此依靠它吗？)”进行绽开，揭密normal的本质，帮助人们全面理解什么才是真正的normal。所以“WhatIsRealNormal?(什么是真正的normal?)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。其次节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AREyouhappy?People

often

ask

their

friendsthis

question;itshows

they

care.It’saquestionthatPresidentNicolasSarkozyofFranceseemskeenforsocialscientiststoaskinhiscountry.___16___Duringtheannual“twosessions”,Chineselawmakersandpoliticaladvisorsarediscussinghowtobuild“ahappyChina”.____17____

Manystudieshaveshownthatwealthiernationstendtobehappierthanpoorerones;andricherpeopleappeartobemoresatisfiedthanthelessrich.ButarecentCanadianstudyshowsthatthehappiestpeopleliveinthatcountry’spoorestprovinces(NovaScotia),whilethoseintherichest(BritishColumbia)areamongtheleasthappy.Happinessisnotdeterminedbywealth.Somescholarsalsobelievethathappinessiswhatpeoplefinallywantandwealthisonlyameanstowardsthisend.____18____Sowhatisitthatmakespeoplehappy,ifitisn’tmoney?IntheUSauthorDanBuettner’snewbookThrive:FindingHappinesstheBlueZoneWay,thereisahint.____19____Rather,BuettnerfoundthatthefourhappiestcitiesonEarth,whichspantheglobefromDenmarktoMexico,giveprioritytosocialnetworks,healthandwell-being.TakeSingaporeasanexample.Thecity-statehasoneofthehighestpopulationdensitiesintheworld.____20____However,inarecentsurvey,95percentofpeoplesaidtheywereeitherveryhappyorquitehappy.Theygavetheircityhighmarksforcleanlinessandsafety—subwaysarecleanandtrainsabsolutelyarriveontime,andpolicearehelpfulandgoodattheirjob.ChinahasachievedarapidGDPgrowthandbecometheworld’ssecondlargesteconomy.However,tobuild“ahappyChina”,weneedtoemphasizepeople’slivelihoodsandqualityoflifeoverfasteconomicgrowth.Weneedtolookforalternativemeasuresthatwouldshownationalprogressnotjustbyhowoureconomyisgrowing,butbyhowourlivesareimproving;notjustbyourstandardofliving,butbyourqualityoflife.A.Wherearepeoplehappier?B.InChina,it’saconcern,too.C.Butwhatisthemeasureofhappiness?D.Truehappinessliesinstrugglingtobehappy.E.Anditspeopleareknownforbeingworkaholics.F.Ithasnothingtodowiththeirmaterialwealth,intelligenceorattractiveness.G.Ifso,theprioritynowgiventoeconomicgrowthwouldappeartobeamistake.【答案】16.B17.C18.G19.F20.E【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要讲解并描述了华蜜的概念和如何建设华蜜社会的问题。【16题详解】依据空前内容“It’saquestionthatPresidentNicolasSarkozyofFranceseemskeenforsocialscientiststoaskinhiscountry.(法国总统NicolasSarkozy好像热衷于让社会科学家在他的国家提出这个问题。)”可知，法国总统对华蜜社会很感爱好；以及其次段“Duringtheannual“twosessions”,Chineselawmakersandpoliticaladvisorsarediscussinghowtobuild“ahappyChina”.(在一年一度的“两会”期间，中国的立法者和政治顾问们正在探讨如何建设“华蜜中国”。)”可推想，空处应当提到华蜜和中国。选项B“InChina,it’saconcern,too.(在中国，这也是一个问题。)”承上启下，承接上文指出华蜜这个问题，同时引出下文华蜜在中国也是个问题。故选B。【17题详解】依据下文“Manystudieshaveshownthatwealthiernationstendtobehappierthanpoorerones;andricherpeopleappeartobemoresatisfiedthanthelessrich.ButarecentCanadianstudyshowsthatthehappiestpeopleliveinthatcountry’spoorestprovinces(NovaScotia),whilethoseintherichest(BritishColumbia)areamongtheleasthappy.Happinessisnotdeterminedbywealth.(很多探讨表明，较富有的国家往往比较贫困的国家更华蜜；富人好像比不那么富有的人更满足。但加拿大最近的一项探讨表明，最华蜜的人生活在该国最贫困的省份(新斯科舍省)，而最富有的省份(不列颠哥伦比亚省)却最不华蜜。华蜜不是由财宝确定的。)”可知，下文通过加拿大最近的一项探讨指出，华蜜不是由财宝确定的。选项C“Butwhatisthemeasureofhappiness?(但是华蜜的衡量标准是什么？)”与下文内容一样，下文正是这个问题的答案，指的是华蜜的标准不是财宝。故选C。【18题详解】依据空前“Somescholarsalsobelievethathappinessiswhatpeoplefinallywantandwealthisonlyameanstowardsthisend.(一些学者还认为，华蜜是人们最终想要的，财宝只是实现这一目标的手段。)”以及下文“Sowhatisitthatmakespeoplehappy,ifitisn’tmoney?(那么，假如不是金钱，是什么让人们欢乐呢？)”可知，华蜜才是人们想要的，而金钱并不是让人们欢乐的缘由。选项G“Ifso,theprioritynowgiventoeconomicgrowthwouldappeartobeamistake.(假如是这样的话，现在把经济增长放在首位好像是一个错误。)”是上文内容的自然持续，同时引出下文的问题。故选G。【19题详解】依据上文“Sowhatisitthatmakespeoplehappy,ifitisn’tmoney?(那么，假如不是金钱，是什么让人们欢乐呢？)”可知，上文提出问题什么让人欢乐。而空后“Rather,BuettnerfoundthatthefourhappiestcitiesonEarth,whichspantheglobefromDenmarktoMexico,giveprioritytosocialnetworks,healthandwell-being.(相反，Buettner发觉，世界上最华蜜的四个城市——从丹麦到墨西哥——优先考虑的是社交网络、健康和福利。)”则指出，世界上最华蜜的城市优先考虑的是社交网络、健康和福利。选项F“Ithasnothingtodowiththeirmaterialwealth,intelligenceorattractiveness.(这与他们的物质财宝、智力或吸引力无关。)”指出该问题的答案，指的是华蜜和物质、财宝等无关；同时自然引出下文内容，华蜜和其他因素，如社交网络、健康和福利有关。故选F。【20题详解】依据上文“TakeSingaporeasanexample.Thecity-statehasoneofthehighestpopulationdensitiesintheworld(以新加坡为例。这个城邦是世界上人口密度最高的国家之一。)”可知，上文提到了新加坡人。选项E“Anditspeopleareknownforbeingworkaholics.(新加坡人以工作狂著称。)”持续上文内容，指的是新加坡人特别酷爱工作。同时引出下文“However,inarecentsurvey,95percentofpeoplesaidtheywereeitherveryhappyorquitehappy.(然而，在最近的一项调查中，95%的人说他们要么特别华蜜要么相当华蜜。)”指出，虽然他们是工作狂，他们却特别华蜜。故选E。第三部分英语学问运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。SammieVance,14,knowsthere’snothingworsethanfeelingleftout.Foryears,she’sbeenhelpingthosekidsmakefriends.Whatshehasbeendoingis___21___theBuddyBenchprogram.Originally,theideawasthatanyoneatschoolwhowasfeeling___22___couldsitonthe“buddybench”.Thatletotherkidsknowsomeoneneededafriend.Theideaquickly___23___.Sammiegottheideaforthe___24___atsummercampin2017.Shethoughtitwouldbe___25___tohaveabuddybenchinherschool,sowhenshegotback,she___26___theideatoherheadmaster,teachersandherparents.Getting___27___fortheprojectwasjustthefirststep.“Therehavebeenalotofsmall___28___,likemoney,”Sammiesays.Toreducecostsandbe___29___,Sammiedecid