2021-2022学年高中英语假期巩固强化 Unit 4Natural Disasters专训（原卷）

2021-2022学年高中英语假期巩固强化

必修第一册Unit4NaturalDisasters整合专训（原卷）

I重点单词

1.n.&vt.营救；救援

2.vt.损害；破坏机损坏；损失

3.vt.摧毁；毁灭

4.Vt.影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动

5.n.避难处；居所；庇护％保护；掩蔽源躲避（风雨或危险）

6.vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套〃.险境；陷阱

7.________vt.埋葬；安葬

8.________________VZ.&vt呼吸

9.n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力

10________机供应（量）；补给；fpl.］补给品

11n.灾难；灾害

12vi.&vt.（使）滑行；滑动

13________n.洪水；大量历.淹没；大量涌入％使灌满水；淹没

14n.&vt.破坏；毁坏

15〃.智慧；才智

n.拓展单词

1.v.死（亡）一n.死；死亡-adj.死的；无生命的

2.________vt.&近.（使）震惊；震动一________adj.令人震惊的1________adj.震惊

的

3.n.电；电流；电学—________adj.电的；用电的—________adj.发电的

4.________M&泣复活；（使）苏醒一________〃.振兴；复苏

5.________。力聪明的一________n.智慧；才智

6.vt.&vi.遭受；忍受；经历t_______n.痛苦，苦难

7.v.生存：生还一〃.幸存；继续生存―n.幸存者；残

存物

8.n.电力供应，能量，力量；控制力-________adj.强大的；强有力的

—>—ag•.无力的；没有能力的；无权力的

9.n.突发事件；紧急情况——。矽••新兴的

10.n.长；长度—________a力长的

11._______R.&W.统一；（使）成一体—unite近.&W,团结

联想拓展

后缀-ist名词荟萃

©biologist生物学家

②chemist，匕学家

③physicist物理学家

©scientist科学家

⑤psychologist心理学家

in+〃.表示“处于...之中“

①inneed需要

②introuble在困境中

③indanger处于危险中

@inprogress正在进展中

⑤insurprise吃惊

@infashion正在流行

in.核心短语

i._______________严重受损；破败不堪

2._______________震惊；吃惊

3._______________数以万计的

4._______________谈起；说起；提到；指的是

5._______________至少；起码；无论如何

6._______________露天，在户外

7._______________结束

8._______________达到特定水平

9._______________消灭，彻底消除

10._______________现有（尤指帮助）

11.似乎；好像；仿佛

12.保持冷静

13.像往常一样

14.……的数量

15.挖掘

16.经历

联想拓展

-ing/-ed结尾的形容词聚焦

①shocking令人震惊的

shocked感到震惊的

②frightening令人恐惧的

frightened受惊的

③terrifying令人害怕的

terrified感到害怕的

©disappointing令人失望的

disappointed感到失望的

⑤surprising令人吃惊的

surprised感到惊讶的

表示“程度”的副词集锦

①extremely极度地

②entirely完全地

③completely完全地，彻底地

④perfect]y完美地

⑤awfully非常；极其

⑥wholly完全地；全面地

IV.重点句型

1.句型公式：too+a力：+to…太...而不能

Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigswere（太紧张

了而不吃东西）.

2.句型公式：Itseems/seemedasif...看起来似乎..

（看起来彳以乎）theworldwasatanend!

3.everywhere引导让步状语从句

（幸存者无论往哪里看），therewasnothingbut

ruins.

高频考点探究

I.核心词汇

1.powern.能力；力量；权力

【典型例句】

Asisknowntous,knowledgeispower.

众所周知，知识就是力量。

（l）havethepowertodosth.具有做某事的能力

cometopower上台；执政（动作）

beinpower执政；掌权（状态）

beyondone'spower力所不能及的

（2）powerfuladj,强有力的

【练透考点】单句语法填空/完成句子

①Idobelievethatencouragementisso（power）thatitcanchangeaperson.

②Iwilldoeverythingmypowertohelpyou.

③两个小时结束这项工作，超出了我的能力范围。

Itistofinishthetaskintwohours.

@Itistwoyearssincethepartycametopower.

=Thepartyfortwoyears.

【佳句背诵】

Youngpeoplenowdon'tlookforjobs,butjustcomplainaboutunemployment.

现在的年轻人不去工作，就只会一味地抱怨失业。

2.calmvt.&vi.（使）平静；（使）镇定adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的

【典型例句】

Iwonderifyoucanhelpmetocalmthelittleboydown.

不知道您能否帮我让这个小男孩平静下来。

(l)calmdown平静下来

calmsb.down使某人平静下来；使某人镇定下来

(2)stay/remain/keepcalm保持镇静

【练透考点】完成句子

①激动的足球迷们最终平静了下来。

Theexcitedfootballfansatlast.

②让你自己平静下来，没有必要为此事心烦。

；thereisnoneedtofeelupsetaboutit.

③在面临危险时，保持镇静是重要的。

Itisimportanttoinfaceofdanger.

【熟词生义】

Thecalmseaglistenedinthesunlight.

adj.风平浪静

【佳句背诵】

Ikepttellingmyselftokeepcalm.

我不断叮嘱自己要保持冷静。

3.strikevi.&vt.(struck；struck/stricken)打/撞击/罢工/突然想到/打动，迷住；(钟)敲;

侵袭n.罢工

【典型例句】

StruckbythebeautyoftheWestLake,westoppedtoadmirethebeautifulscenery.

被西湖美景所打动，我们驻足欣赏这美丽的景色。

(l)bestruckwith/by为...所袭击(感动)

Itstrikessb.that...某人突然想到...

(2)oone'sheart使...刻骨铭心

(3)beonstrike在罢工

goonstrike举行罢工

【练透考点】写出黑体部分的含义

①TheclockstrucktwelvewhenIgothomelastnight.

②AterribleearthquakedidstrikethenortheastofJapanonMarch11.

③AgoodideastruckmewhenIwasreadingthenewspapers.

④ThevisitorswerestruckbythebeautyoftheWestLake.

【佳句背诵】

Meetingmydearteachersandfellowstudentsaftersomanyyearswasindeedawarm

occasion,oneI'dstrikeintomyheartforever.

这么多年以后遇到我亲爱的老师和同学真的是一个温暖的时刻，这一刻让我刻骨铭心。

4.effectn.结果；效力vt.产生；达到目的

【典型例句】

Bestofall,humorraisesyourenergy,andthatcanhaveaneffectoneverythingyoudoat

school,atwork,orinyourpersonallife.

最重要的是，幽默能提高你的精力，这会对你在学校、工作或个人生活中所做的一切产

生影响。

(l)haveaneffecton/upon对...产生影响

comeintoeffect生效

sideeffect副作用

(2)effectiveadj.有效的；有影响的

effectivelyadv.有效地；实际上，事实上

【练透考点】单句语法填空

①Themeasurestakenbythelocalgovernmentwill(生效)nextmonth.

②Thereisnodoubtthatreadingbookscanhaveagoodeffectthechildren.

(3)Inmyopinion,gooutdoorsandplayteamgameswithyourfriends,whichisan

(effect)waytogetridofanger.

@Howcouldone(effect)beanunbiased(无偏见的)writerwithonlyaknowledge

ofthepopularopinionofsociety?

【佳句背诵】

Whilerunningregularlycan*tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysitismoreeffectiveat

lengtheninglifethanwalking,cyclingorswimming.

虽然经常跑步不能让你长命百岁，但评论说，跑步比散步、骑自行车或游泳更能延长寿

命。

5.survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过

【典型例句】

Unluckily,noonesurvivedtheterribleaccident.

不幸的是，没有人从这个可怕的事故中幸存。

(l)survivesth.幸免于；从中挺过来/活过来

AsurviveB(by...)A比B活得长...

surviveon依靠...生存下来

survivefrom...从...存活下来，流传下来

(2)survivorn.幸存者

survivaln.［U］幸存；［C］残存物

【练透考点】单句语法填空

①Somestrangecustomshavesurvivedearliertimes.

②Theoldladyhassurvivedallhersistersandbrotherstenyears.

【语境助记】

Hewastheonlysurvivorinthatbadaccident,andafterthesurvival,hehasbeenlivinga

happyandhealthylife.

【佳句背诵】

Boardingtaughtmeconfidence,independence,howtosurviveandcompete.

寄宿生活教会我自信、独立、如何生存和竞争。

II.核心短语

6.onhand现有(尤指帮助)

【典型例句】

Giveawayanyfoodyouhaveonhand.

把你手头的食物分发送人。

athand在手边；可能很快发生的

byhand用手工

handin交上；提交

handout分发

handover交出；移交

handon交付；传递

shakehands握手

handinhand手拉手；密切关联

lendmeahand帮忙

putone'shandson才戈到

【练透考点】完成句子

①Heoften（帮It）whenIwasintrouble,fbrwhichIwasgrateful.

②Ifyou（上交）yourhomeworklate,attachanoteexplainingthereason

forthedelay.

③Ifyougototheparty,itispolitetoaniveontime.Itisgoodmannersto

（握手）yourhost.

©WhenIcutoneofmyfingersyesterday,Icouldn't（找至lj）anybandages

athome.

©Thesetraditionalcustomsshouldbepreservedand（传递）one

generationafteranother.

7.sweepaway消灭；彻底消除

【典型例句】

Inthisway,"sweepingthedust"beforetheSpringFestivalmeansathoroughcleaningof

housestosweepawaybadluckinthepastyear.

这样，“在春节前扫尘”是指彻底清洁房屋扫除过去一年的厄运。

sweepup打扫；清扫

sweepaway消灭；摧毁；彻底消除

sweepover/across/around扫视；3京过

sweepthrough扫过；掠过；风行

【练透考点】用含sweep的短语填空

①Ninety-mileperhourwindstheplains.

②ThecleanerwasjustasIleftthebuilding.

（3）Asuddenfeelingofgriefallmyanger.

④Thecrowdthegateofthestadium.

【佳句背诵】

Whenthecityisstillsleepingsoundlybeforethedawncomeson,itisthecleanerswhosweep

upthefloorsorstreetsinspiteofthechillywindortheheavyrain.

黎明前城市仍然沉寂在一片酣睡中，不管寒风还是大雨，是清洁工们在清扫着地面和街

道。

8.cometoanend结束

【教材原句】

Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!

好像世界要走到尽头了。

(l)attheendof...在...尽头，在...末端

bytheendof到...结束时，到时候为止

intheend最后；终于

(2)cometoanend名吉束

putanendtosth.结束；终结

make(both)endsmeet使收支相抵；量入为出

(3)endupwith以...结束

endupdoingsth.以做...结束

【练透考点】单句语法填空/完成句子

①Themeetingcametoendandhesetdownagreatnumberofkeypoints.

②TheAmericanshithardestwillbethosealreadystrugglingtomake(end)meet.

③演讲比赛结束了。庆幸的是我最终获得了一等奖。我辛苦的努力最终会得到回报的。

.Thankfully,Iandmyhardworkpaidoff

intheend.

【写作金句】

Everyonewasexcitedtoseetheyearcometoanend.

这一年就要到头了，大家都感到兴奋。

III.典型句式精析

9.Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat,anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.

鸡和猪都紧张得吃不下东西，狗也不愿意进圈舍里去。

【典型例句】

Whenthegamefinallyended,bothofuswerelyingflatonourbacks,tootiredtomove.

比赛最后结束时，我们俩都平躺在地上，累得动弹不得。

【句式分析】

(l)too+M/.(forsb.)todosth.意为“太...不”,表示否定意义。

(2)当too.・.to…用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词如anxious,eager,glad,happy,

pleased,ready,willing等时，不定式表示肯定意义。

【练透考点】完成句子

①我太年幼，不理解这部电影的含义。

Iwasthemeaningofthefilm.

=1wassoyoungIcan*tunderstandthemeaningofthefilm.

②这个问题太难了，我解决不了。

Theproblemisdifficultformetosettle.

=TheproblemisdifficultthatIcan'tsettleit.

③他太急于知道他考试的结果。

Hewastheresultofhisexamination.

【写作金句】

Justasanoldsayinggoes：itisnevertoolatetolearn.

正如那句古老的谚语：活到老，学到老。

10.Itseemedtheworldwerecomingtoanend!

仿佛世界末日即将来临！

【典型例句】

Mary'sdescriptionofthepartywassovividthatIfeltasifIhadbeenthere.[2019•天津3月

卷]

玛丽对聚会的描述如此生动，我觉得好像我去过那里。

【句式分析】

Itseemed(tosb.)that/asif..."(对某人来说)似乎...

(l)asif从句用陈述语气：从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的。

(2)asif从句用虚拟语气：

①从句用一般过去时(与现在的事实相反)；

②从句用过去完成时(与过去的事实相反)；

③从句用would/could/mightdo形式(与将来的事实相反)。

【练透考点】单句语法填空/句式升级

©Lookatthecloudsinthesky!looksasifitisgoingtorain.Let'shurryup.

②Thewomanlovesthechildrenasifshe(be)theirmother.

③Shestoodthereasifshewaswaitingforsomeone.一(省略)

Shestoodthereasifsomeone.

@Heopenedhismouthasifhewouldsaysomething.

一Heopenedhismouthasif(say)something.

【佳句背诵】

Ifeltasifmyhearthadstopped.

我觉得好像我的心停止了跳动。

随堂练习

I.单句语法填空

1.Thankstohis(effort)inepidemicpreventionandcontrol,ourneighborhoodhas

beeninagoodstate.

2.However,themajorityofpeopleare(effect)speakersbecausetheytraintobe.

3.Iwouldtrulyappreciateitifyouarewillingtogivehandtous.

4.Shehadsplitupwithherhusbandtheweekbefore,waslivinginaflatbyherselfandsince

she*dfounditmuchtocopewith(应对)，she'dtakenitoutonotherpeople.

5.Theimplication(可能的影响)oftheseresultsisthattogainthegreatesthealthbenefits

fromexercise,itmaybewise(skip)eatingfirst.

6.Theoldmanwentthroughalotof(suffer)intheolddays.

7.(trap)intheruins,thegirlstillheldapositiveattitude.

8.ThenumberofstudentslearningEnglish(be)largerthaneverbefore.

9.Theearthquakewassobigthatmostofthehousesinthesmallvillagewerecompletely

(destroy).

10.Thefirefighterscamehererightaway(rescue)thosetrappedintheburning

building.

n.必备知识试题化——完成句子

1.(看起来彳以乎)ourteamisgoingtowinthematch.

2.Intimesofdisaster,weshould(保持积极的心态)，andrebuildfor

abrighterfuture.

3.(我突然想到)thatIshouldbuyanecklaceformymotherasa

birthdaygift.

4.Itisveryimportantto(保持镇静)whenanearthquakebreaksout.

5.Whenitwasmyturntoexpressmyopinion,Iwas(太紧张了说不

出话来).

in.教材语篇高考化——语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

At3：42ameverythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasiftheworldcameto1.end

elevenkilometresdirectlybelowthecityoneofthe2.(great)earthquakesofthe20th

centuryhadbegun.ItwasfeltinBeijing,3.ismorethantwohundredkilometresaway.

Onethirdofthenationfeltit.Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometreslongandthirtymetreswide

4.(cut)acrosshouses,roadsandcanals.Steamburstfromholesintheground.Hardhills

ofrockbecameriversofdirt.Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylay5.ruins.The

sufferingofthepeoplewasextreme.Two6.(three)ofthemdiedorwereinjuredduring

theearthquake.Thousandsoffamilieswerekilledandmanychildrenwereleftwithoutparents.

Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledor7.(serious)injuredreachedmorethan400,000.

150,000soldiersweresenttoTangshantohelptherescueworkers.Theyorganizedteams

8.(dig)outthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.Workersbuiltsheltersfor

9.(survive)whosehomes10.(destroy).Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.

课时阅读综合练

I.阅读理解

A

TheWuhanInstituteofShipbuildingTechnologywasusedasaquarantinesite(隔离区)from

Feb8toMarch28.ChengShining,ajuniorofCentralChinaNormalUniversityinWuhan,was

responsibleforcollectinganddistributingsuppliesforquarantinedpeopleandmedicalstaff.Asthe

youngestvolunteeratthissite,healsochosetolivetheresothathecouldshowupwheneverhewas

needed.

OnedayChengandtwoothervolunteerstookmorethan3hourstomoveall1,462boxesof

mineralwatertostoragewith50firemen'shelp.Chengsays."Asingleperson'sstrengthislimited,

butweknowthewholecountryishelpingus.”

ChengwasavolunteerfortheMilitaryWorldGamesheldinWuhanlastOctober.Itwasthe

firsttimehesawhishometownundertheworld'sspotlight.“Fveexperiencedthehighlightof

Wuhan,andnowwhenmyhometowntouchedalowpoint,Iwanttogetthroughthedifficulty

togetherwiththecity,“Chengsays.

LikeCheng,28-year-oldWuhanlocalZhuAobingalsovolunteeredtohelphishomecity.He

signeduprightawaytobeavolunteerforthevaccine.Atotalof108Wuhanlocalsbecamethefirst

groupofCOVID-19vaccinevolunteersinMarch.Theyarehealthyadultsagedfrom18to60

selectedfromthousandsofpeoplewhoapplied.

“Sincethelockdown,I'vealwaysbeenthinkingwhatIcandofbrmyhometownduringthe

epidemic,“hesays.ZhuisafreshmanofHubeiUniversityofTechnologyinWuhan.Hejoinedthe

armywhenhewas18yearsoldandservedforfiveyears.However,Zhudidn'twanttomissthe

chancetostudyfurther,sohedecidedtogotocollegelastyear.

“NomatterhowlongIhavefinishedmymilitaryservice,Ialwayshavetheresponsibilitytogo

tothefrontlinewhenthecountryneedsme,andwhenfacingthispandemic（疫情），beingavaccine

volunteeriswhatIshoulddo,,hesays.

1.HowdoesChengsoundwhentalkingaboutthehelpfromthefiremen?

A.Descriptiveandserious

B.Generousandexciting

C.Appreciativeandoptimistic

D.Cautiousandsupportive

2.HowcanZhuhelphishomecity?

A.ByservingtheMilitaryWorldGames.

B-Byhelpingrunaquarantinesite.

C.Bystudyingfurtherincollege.

D.Bybeingavaccinevolunteer.

3.Whatdoesthe"highlight^probablyrefertoinpara.3?

A.WuhanheldtheMilitaryWorldGamesuccessfully.

B.WuhanwaslockeddownbecauseoftheCOVID-19.

C.ChengwasavolunteerfortheMilitaryWorldGame.

D.Chengwasavolunteertostorethemineralwater.

4.WhatdoChengandZhuhaveincommon?

A.TheyareWuhanlocals.

B•Theyservedinthearmy.

C.Theyareofthesameage.

D.Theygraduatedfromuniversity.

5.WhichofthefollowingismostlikelysaidbyPresidentXitothemduringtheepidemic?

A.Diligenceiscrucialforthedevelopmentofourcountry.

B.Chinesedreamiswhatpushesthewholecountryahead.

C.Lifeisabookandyouareresponsibleforyourownpage.

D.TheChineseyouthoftheneweracanshouldergreatmissions.

B

Thisseason,thebushfiresinAustraliahaveburnedmorethan12.35millionacresofland.At

least25peoplehavebeenkilledand2,000homesdestroyed.AccordingtotheBBC,thisisthemost

casualties（伤亡）fromwildfiresinthecountrysince2009.TheUniversityofSydneyestimatesthat

480millionanimalshavediedinSouthWalesalone.

ZekeHausfather,anenergysystemsanalystandclimateresearcheratBerkeleyEarth,said

warmertemperaturesandextremeweatherhavemadeAustraliamoresusceptibletofiresand

increasedthelengthofthefireseason.“Thedrierconditionscombinedwithrecordhigh

temperaturesin2019createdmainconditionsforthedisastrousfires.Australia'sfireswere

worsenedbythecombinationofthosetwo.2019wastheperfectstormforbeingthewarmestyear

onrecordforAustraliaandthedriestyearonrecordforAustralia,“HausfatheraddedonFriday.

KevinTrenberth,aseniorscientistattheUSNationalCenterforAtmosphericResearch,said

warmeroceantemperaturesarealsocontributedtomorevariableweatheraroundtheworld.

Trenberthbelievesthatglobalwarmingcontributedtoenergyimbalancesandhotspotsinthe

oceans,whichcancreateawaveintheatmospherethatlocksweatherpatternsinplaces,causing

longerraineventsinIndonesia,forexample,andatthesametimecontributingtodroughtin

Australia.Hesaidthatonceanareaexperiencesdroughtconditionsfortwomonthsormore,it

increasestheriskoffirescatchingandspreading.Thosechangingweatherpatternsduetoglobal

warmingmakedroughteventslonger.

Climateexpertsstressthatclimatechangeisnottheonlyfactorintheseverityofwildfires.

Howlandismanagedcanalsoimpacttheamountoffuelavailableforfires.Practiceslike

controlledburnsandotherfactorscanimpacttherisktopeopleandproperty,suchaswarning

systemsandthetypeofdevelopmentinagivenarea.Changingthosepolicieshasgreatpotentialto

limitfuturedamagefromwildfiresalongwithchangestohowfiremanagementresourcesare

dispatched（派遣）.

6.Whatarethenumbersaboutinparagraph1?

A.ThecausesofAustralianfires.

B.TheresultsofAustralianfires.

C.ThedamagedareasofAustralianfires.

D.ThepropertydestructionofAustralianfires.

7.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains€tsusceptibleto”inthesecondparagraph?

A.Veryquicklytoadaptto.

B.Veryseriouslytofocuson.

C.Verylikelytobeinfluencedby.

D.Veryeasilytobeprotectedagainst.

8.WhatcanweinferfromTrenberth!sresearch?

A.Globalwarmingistherootcauseofthebushfires.

B.Longerdryweathercontributestoglobalwarming.

C.Warmeroceantemperaturespromotefiresspreading.

D.Theimbalancedenergyleadstothetemperaturerising.

9.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?

A.TostresstheeffectsofAustraliafires.

B.Toshowthemethodsforcontrollingbums.

C.TopredicttheseriousnessofAustraliafires.

D.Toprovidesomeadviceaboutreducingdamage.

n.完形填空

SusieGoodallfinallywasdiscoveredandrescued.Shewasavolunteerinthe]Golden

GlobeRaceaccompanyingsailorsthroughthe2June.OnWednesdaymorning,Goodallwas

2,000mileswestofSouthAmericawhenherboatwaslikeadrunkenmaninastrongwindanda

brokenbarknockedher3unconscious.Butsoonafterthatsheawakenedandatoncerangthe

alarmthroughheremergencysystemandaseriesoftroubling4,whichhadrecordedher

happeningsduringthejourney,werepostedonherFacebookatonce.

Chile'sMaritimeCenterreceivedher§andsoonorderedashiptochangeitscourseto

rescueGoodall.Meanwhile,allGoodallcoulddowaswait—tryingtokeepherboat6inthe

wavingSouthPacificandpumpingoutwaterhatwas7intodamagedcabin（船舱），which

madeherworriedaboutherpresentsituation.

WhentheChileanshipfinally8Goodall,loweringdownasmallboattosaveherseemed

9bec