专题01阅读理解记叙文说明文

专题01阅读理解记叙文&说明文（一）（2324高一·湖北十堰·期末）ZhangZening,ahanfusupporterandloverinNanjing,EastChina’sJiangsuProvince,startedasurprisingjourneyeightyearsagotorestore(使复原)thistraditionalChineseclothing.Inspiredbyancientmurals(壁画),Zhang,41,studiedtheartistryofhanfuinvariousmuseums,changingpaintingsintotouchableandwearablepieces.Upongraduatingfromcollege,Zhangfirstworkedinmaterialresearch,buryingherselfinthelaboratory,conductingchemicalexperimentsforthestudyofrawmaterials.Atthetime,shewasoneoftheearliestloversofhanfuinChina,frequentlyorganizingvarioushanfuactivitiesinhersparetime.Nowastheownerofahanfustudio,Zhanghasworkedwithwomen’sreemploymentorganizations,lookingforfulltimestayathomewomenwithsewing(缝纫)skills.Thismatchedwithherneedfortheproductionofhanfu.Around2015,Zhangbegantofocusindependentlyontheprocessofhanfurestoration.Inthatyear,shevisitedDunhuang,NorthwestChina’sGansuProvincewhereshewasattractedbythebeautifulmuralsthere,wonderinghowshecouldpossiblychangethemintobeautifulcostumes.Inthepastyears,shehastraveledtomorethan10citiesacrossChina,constantlystudyingmuralsandconductingresearchtorestorehanfufromdifferentdynasties.Shemanagedtorestoremorethan50sets.Shereferredtodifferentmaterialsincludingvariousmurals,otherculturalrelicsandliteraturetomakesurethattherestorationisascorrectaspossible.Thankstoherwork,manyyoungpeoplewearrestoredhanfuwhentheyvisitmuseums,andZhangisexcitedtoseemoreofthemdoingso.1．WhatcanwelearnaboutZhangZeningaccordingtoparagraph1?A．Shelongedtobeascientist.B．Shewasaddictedtotravelingwidely.C．ShewasfondofChinesetraditionalart.D．Sheenjoyedwatchingmuseumvisitors.2．WhydoesZhangworkwithsomeorganizations?A．TorecovertraditionalChineseclothing.B．Toreduceemploymentpressure.C．Toincreaseherbusinessinfluence.D．Tohelpthepaniesintrouble.3．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningDunhuang?A．ToexplainhowhardZhangworks.B．ToshowthestartofZhang’sindependenthanfurestorationwork.C．TopromotevariousDunhuang’sartworks.D．TointroduceZhang’srichtravelexperiences.4．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesZhang’srestorationwork?A．Effective. B．Shortlasting. C．Dangerous. D．Costly.【答案】1．C2．A3．B4．A【导语】这篇文章是一篇说明文。文章讲述了张泽宁作为一名汉服爱好者，把复原汉服从爱好做成了事业的故事，期间她走访了全国各地，为她的汉服复原事业寻找灵感。1．细节理解题。根据第一段“ZhangZening,ahanfu

supporterandloverinNanjing,EastChina’sJiangsuProvince,starteda

surprisingjourneyeightyearsagotorestore(使复原)thistraditionalChineseclothing.(来自中国东部江苏省南京市的汉服支持者和爱好者张泽宁，八年前开始了一段令人惊讶的旅程，以修复这种中国传统服装)”可知，张泽宁喜欢中国传统艺术。故选C项。2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Nowastheownerofahanfu

studio,Zhanghasworkedwithwomen’sreemploymentorganizations,

lookingforfulltimestayathomewomenwithsewing(缝纫)skills.Thismatchedwithherneedfortheproductionofhanfu.(现在，作为一家汉服工作室的老板，张与女性再就业组织合作，寻找会缝纫的全职在家妇女。这符合她对汉服生产的需求)”可知，因为她需要大量人手来复原汉服，所以才会和这些组织合作寻找人手。由此可知，张泽宁与一些组织合作的目的是恢复中国传统服装。故选A项。3．推理判断题。根据第三段“Around2015,Zhangbeganto

focusindependentlyontheprocessofhanfurestoration.Inthatyear,

shevisitedDunhuang,NorthwestChina’sGansuProvincewhereshewas

attractedbythebeautifulmuralsthere,wonderinghowshecould

possiblychangethemintobeautifulcostumes.(2015年前后，张开始独立关注汉服修复的过程。那一年，她去了中国西北部甘肃省的敦煌，那里美丽的壁画吸引了她，她想知道如何才能把它们变成美丽的服装)”可知，她是在2015年到访了敦煌，并从中受到启发，从而开始了她的汉服复原事业。由此推知，作者提到敦煌是为了说明她的独立汉服复原事业的开端。故选B项。4．细节理解题。根据第四段“Thankstoherwork,manyyoungpeoplewearrestoredhanfuwhentheyvisitmuseums,andZhangisexcitedtoseemoreofthemdoingso.(多亏了她的努力，越来越多的年轻人开始穿着复原过的汉服参观博物馆，而她也很开心能看到越来越多的人这么做)”可知，很多人都能穿上她复原过的汉服，说明她的效率很高，不然不会这么普及。故选A项。（二）（2324高一·安徽宿州·期末）Severalyearsago,aworldwideheavyrainwaspredicted,butnoonegotpreparedforwhatwastoe.Then,someareasreceivedover100cmofrain.Carsandtrucksfloateddownthestreets.Wholebuildingsweresweptaway.Atleast225peoplelosttheirlives,andmillionsbecamehomeless.Theweatherisalwayschanging.Overthepastfewyears,heavyrainshaveledtofloodsinmanypartsoftheworld.DroughtshavetakenplaceinBrazilandAustralia.TherehavebeenheatwavesinEuropewhichkilledthousands.Therehavebeenmorepowerfulhurricanesandtornadoesthaneverbefore.In2017alone,thefinancialcostfromglobalweathereventswasupto340billiondollars.Withmorewildweathereventshappening,peoplecouldn’thelpaskingquestions:Whatishappeningwiththeweather?Andwhy?Isthisnatural,orourfault?Theanswerseemstobe:alittleofboth.Wildweatherisnatural.ButmostscientistsholdthesameviewthathumanactivityhasmadetheEarthwarmer.Itisthisglobalwarmingthatmakesheatwavesmorelikely.Thehighertemperaturesalsoresultinmorewatertogointotheair,whichcausesheavierandmorefrequentrain.Manyscientistsalsobelieveglobalwarmingmakeshurricanesandotherstormsstronger.Thismeanswe’relikelytoseemorewildweather.“Butwedon’thavetojuststandthereandacceptit,”saysscientistMichael.HeandotherexpertssayweneedtostoptheEarthfromgettingwarmer.Wealsoneedtobeprepared,todothingsthatwillhelpsavelives.5．What’sthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A．Apastweathereventhappenedinsomeareasintheworld.B．Somefactsarelistedabouttheglobalwarming.C．Anumberofrecentweathereventshappenedovertheworld.D．Wildweatherispartlytheresultofhumanactivity.6．Howdoesparagraphtwodevelop?A．Bygivingalotofexamplesofrecentwildweatherevents.B．Bydescribingaseriousfloodthatoncehappened.C．Bypredictinghowtheweatherwillchangeinafewyears.D．Byparingtheformerwildweatherwithwhathappenednow7．WhatdoesscientistMichael’swordsmean?A．Peoplecannotdoanythingtopreventwildweather.B．Ifpeoplestopglobalwarming,theweatherwillbebetter.C．Itistoolatetostopglobalwarming.D．Peoplehavetostandbyandacceptwhatwillhappentous.8．Wherecanyouprobablyfindthetext?A．Inatouristbrochure B．InaresearchpaperC．Inasciencefiction D．Inanaturemagazine【答案】5．A6．A7．B8．D【导语】本文为一篇说明文，本文介绍了恶劣天气事件的增多及背后的原因，并提出了我们应该如何对待这一现象。5．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Then,someareasreceivedover100cmofrain.Carsandtrucksfloateddownthestreets.Wholebuildingsweresweptaway.Atleast225peoplelosttheirlives,andmillionsbecamehomeless.(当时，一些地区的降雨量超过了100厘米。汽车和卡车沿街行驶。整座建筑物被冲走。至少225人丧生，数百万人无家可归)”可知，第一段描述了过去发生在世界上的一些地区的天气事件。故选A。6．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Overthepastfewyears,heavyrainshaveledtofloodsinmanypartsoftheworld.DroughtshavetakenplaceinBrazilandAustralia.TherehavebeenheatwavesinEuropewhichkilledthousands.Therehavebeenmorepowerfulhurricanesandtornadoesthaneverbefore.In2017alone,thefinancialcostfromglobalweathereventswasupto340billiondollars.(在过去的几年里，暴雨在世界许多地方导致了洪水。巴西和澳大利亚也发生了干旱。欧洲的热浪造成数千人死亡。飓风和龙卷风的威力比以往任何时候都大。仅在2017年，全球天气事件造成的经济损失就高达3400亿美元)”可知，文章第二段列举了很多最近恶劣天气事件的例子。故选A。7．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Thismeanswe’relikelytoseemorewildweather.“Butwedon’thavetojuststandthereandacceptit,”saysscientistMichael.HeandotherexpertssayweneedtostoptheEarthfromgettingwarmer.Wealsoneedtobeprepared,todothingsthatwillhelpsavelives.(这意味着我们可能会看到更多的恶劣天气。“但我们不必只是站在那里接受它，”科学家迈克尔说。他和其他专家表示，我们需要阻止地球变暖。我们还需要做好准备，做一些有助于拯救生命的事情)”可知，迈克尔的话表明，全球变暖对气候有影响，如果人们阻止全球变暖，天气会更好。故选B。8．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Theweatherisalwayschanging.(天气总是在变化)”及第三段“Withmorewildweathereventshappening,peoplecouldn’thelpaskingquestions:Whatishappeningwiththeweather?Andwhy?Isthisnatural,orourfault?Theanswerseemstobe:alittleofboth.(随着越来越多的恶劣天气事件的发生，人们不禁要问：天气怎么了？为什么？这是自然的，还是我们的错？答案似乎是:两者兼而有之)”可知，本文介绍了恶劣天气事件的增多及背后的原因及我们应该如何对待这一现象，文章应该出自自然杂志。故选D。（三）（2324高一上·福建龙岩·期末）ThelastattemptofKenCampbelltoruncoulddatebacktohighschool.Whenhiswife,Susan,injuredherfoot,sheneededsupporttorejoinherrunninggroup,soCampbellwentalongtokeepherpanyintherecovery.”Wewerejustwalkingatthebeginning,”hesays,“Iwasheavy,andweighedover90kg.”Butastheweeksandmonthspassed,theweightfellaway,SusanrecoveredandCampbell’sabilitiesgrew.Attheageof63,heran50km,andat70,hepleteda100kmultramarathon.Sohowdoessomeonewithnoexperienceofrunningbeeanultradistancerunnerinhis60sand70s?Susanhadrunmarathonsbeforeherinjury,butforCampbell,theturningpointcamewhenSusan’sFleetFeetrunninggroupstartedtrainingneartheirhome.CampbellwentouttovisitSusan’sgroup,and“thepathswereaterriblemess.Ithadbeenraining,andIwasslipping,slidingandfalling.ButIthought,well,Ilikethisalot.”Whathelikedaboveallwasthefeelingof“beingwrappedbythepath,beinghuggedbytheclosenessoftheplantsandthenearnessoftheriver”.Runningthe100kmultramarathontookCampbell16hours.WhenCampbellcrossedthefinishline,Susanhandedhima100kmstickertodisplayonthebackofhistruck.“Itisapublicstatementthatyouarepartofthismunity,”hesays.“Whereverwepark,IseealineofvehicleswiththeirvariousstickersandIfeelthatweareamunity.”Campbellsufferedfromarthritisbeforehestartedrunning,andwas“waitingforkneereplacement”,butfornow,henolongerneedsanoperation.Itcanputanendtotherunning—butthe“senseofwellbeingandachievementwillcarrymeonforever”,hesays,“IfIcan’trun,Iwillwalk.”9．WhatisParagraph1mainlyabout?A．WhatledtoCampbell’sweightloss.B．WhatmadeCampbellstartrunning.C．WhyCampbellattemptedtorunmarathon.D．WhatCampbelldidforSusan’srecovery.10．WhatwastheturningpointforCampbell?A．Susan’sstartingtraining. B．Fallingdownwhentraining.C．Feelingfreeinnature. D．HisvisittoSusan’sgroup.11．Whatdidthe100kmstickermeantoCampbell?A．Asenseofbelonging. B．Encouragementfromhiswife.C．Asenseofachievement. D．Displayofhishappiness.12．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Wellbegunishalfdone. B．Itisnevertoolatetobegin.C．Failureisthemotherofsuccess. D．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.【答案】9．B10．D11．A12．B【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了KenCampbell从零开始跑步，逐渐成为超级长跑运动员的励志故事。9．主旨大意题。根据第一段“ThelastattemptofKenCampbelltoruncoulddatebacktohighschool.Whenhiswife,Susan,injuredherfoot,sheneededsupporttorejoinherrunninggroup,soCampbellwentalongtokeepherpanyintherecovery.”Wewerejustwalkingatthebeginning,”hesays,“Iwasheavy,andweighedover90kg.”Butastheweeksandmonthspassed,theweightfellaway,SusanrecoveredandCampbell’sabilitiesgrew.”（肯·坎贝尔最后一次尝试跑步要追溯到高中。当他的妻子苏珊的脚受伤时，她需要帮助才能重新加入跑步小组，所以坎贝尔陪着她一起康复。”一开始我们只是走路，”他说，“我很重，体重超过90公斤。”但几周、几个月过去了，体重减轻了，苏珊恢复了健康，坎贝尔的能力也增强了）可知，第一段主要是关于是什么让坎贝尔开始跑步的。故选B项。10．细节理解题。根据第二段“Susanhadrunmarathonsbeforeherinjury,butforCampbell,theturningpointcamewhenSusan’sFleetFeetrunninggroupstartedtrainingneartheirhome.”（苏珊受伤前曾跑过马拉松，但对坎贝尔来说，转折点出现在苏珊的FleetFeet跑步小组开始在他们家附近训练的时候。）根据第三段CampbellwentouttovisitSusan’sgroup,and“thepathswereaterriblemess.（坎贝尔去拜访苏珊的团队，“路上一片狼藉。”）可知，坎贝尔的转折点是他对苏珊团体的访问。故选D项。11．细节理解题。根据第四段“WhenCampbellcrossedthefinishline,Susanhandedhima100kmstickertodisplayonthebackofhistruck.“Itisapublicstatementthatyouarepartofthismunity,”hesays.“Whereverwepark,IseealineofvehicleswiththeirvariousstickersandIfeelthatweareamunity.””（当坎贝尔冲过终点线时，苏珊递给他一张100公里的贴纸，让他在卡车后面展示。“这是一份公开声明，表明你是这个社区的一部分，”他说。“无论我们在哪里停车，我都会看到一排贴着各种贴纸的车辆，我觉得我们是一个社区。”）可知，100公里的贴纸对坎贝尔意味着归属感。故选A项。12．推理判断题。根据第一段“Attheageof63,heran50km,andat70,hepleteda100kmultramarathon.”（63岁时，他跑了50公里，70岁时，他完成了100公里的超级马拉松。）可知，文章主要讲述了KenCampbell从零开始跑步，逐渐成为超级长跑运动员的励志故事。所以从短文中学到的是开始永远不嫌晚。故选B项。（四）（2324高一·安徽宿州·期末）Ihesitatedwhenmyfriendsuggestedthatwejointheschool’snewTaiChiclub.Iusedtothinkthattaichiwasfortheelderly.However,thefirstclasschangedmypreviousunderstandingoftaichi.Ayearlater,Icansaythattaichihashadahugeimpactonme.Thefirstfewtaichiclasseswerefunandeasy,andthemoveswithdescriptivenamesreallycaughtmyimagination,like“whitecranespreadingitswings”and“goldenroosterstandingononeleg.”WhenIaskedmycoachwheretheseinterestingnamescamefrom,hetoldmeaboutthehistoryoftaichi.ZhangSanfeng,a13thcenturyTaoist,wassaidtohaveinventedtaichiafterdrawinginspirationfromafightbetweenasnakeandabird.However,nowadayspeopletendtobelievethatChenWangting,a17thcenturymasterofChinesemartialarts,developedtaichibasedonmartialartsskills.Afterthefirstfewbasictaichilessons,Ifoundmyselfboredandachingfromdoingthesameslowmovesoverandoveragain.Fortunately,mycoachtaughtmehowtorelaxmymusclesandfocusonpeaceofmindduringever,daypractice.Withtheserequirementsoftaichiinmind,Ifoundtomysatisfactionthatmybalanceandflexibilityslowlyimproved,thatIwasabletodomoredifficultmoves,andthatmylovefortaichireturnedstrongerthanever.Meanwhile,IstartedtoexploretheancientChineseculturebehindtaichi.IdiscoveredthattaichiisdeeplyrootedintheChinesephilosophyofyinandyang,whicharebelievedtoformthetheunityofopposite.Neithercanexistindependentoftheother.Thepracticeoftaichiaimstokeepthebalanceofyinandyanginthebodythroughoppositemovements:forwardsandbackwards,upanddown,leftandright,breathinginandbreathingout.Ultimately,taichibringsaboutastateofphysicalbalanceandmentalpeace.Theexperienceofayearoftaichihasaffectedmyeverydaylifepositively.Isleepmoresoundlyatnight,andfeelmoreenergeticduringtheday.Ifeelhappierandmoreconfident.Taichihastaughtmetorelaxmymind,enablingmetostaycalminstressfulsituations.IamsureIwillcontinuetopractisetaichiandenjoythebenefitsithasbroughtme.13．WhydidtheauthorjointheTaiChiClub?A．Becauseofhisfriend’sadvice. B．Becauseofhisinterestinit.C．Becauseoftheschool’srequest. D．Becauseofhisparents’suggestion.14．Whichofthefollowingwordscandescribethemovesoftaichi?A．Quickandbeautiful. B．Quickandfree.C．Slowandbeautiful. D．Slowandboring.15．WhatistheChineseculturebehindtaichi?A．TaichiisinfluencedbyLaozi’sphilosophyofwater.B．Taichicanhaveapositiveeffectinpeople’slives.C．YoucanfindtheoriginoftaichiintheChinesephilosophyofyinandyang.D．Taichicanmakepeoplefeelenergeticandconfident.16．Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?A．Finally B．Sometimes C．Firstly D．Constantly【答案】13．A14．C15．C16．A【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了太极运动对于作者的影响。13．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Ihesitatedwhenmyfriendsuggestedthatwejointheschool’snewTaiChiclub.(当朋友建议我们加入学校新成立的太极俱乐部时，我犹豫了一下)”可知，朋友的建议让作者加入了学校太极俱乐部。故选A。14．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Afterthefirstfewbasictaichilessons,Ifoundmyselfboredandachingfromdoingthesameslowmovesoverandoveragain.(在最初的几堂基础太极课后，我发现自己厌倦了一遍又一遍地做同样的缓慢动作)”及文章第二段“Thefirstfewtaichiclasseswerefunandeasy,andthemoveswithdescriptivenamesreallycaughtmyimagination,like“whitecranespreadingitswings”and“goldenroosterstandingononeleg.”WhenIaskedmycoachwheretheseinterestingnamescamefrom,hetoldmeaboutthehistoryoftaichi.ZhangSanfeng,a13thcenturyTaoist,wassaidtohaveinventedtaichiafterdrawinginspirationfromafightbetweenasnakeandabird.(最初的几节太极课既有趣又简单，那些动作的名字也很吸引我，比如“白鹤展翅”和“金鸡独立”。当我问我的教练这些有趣的名字是从哪里来的，他告诉我关于太极的历史。据说，13世纪的道家张三丰从蛇与鸟的搏斗中得到灵感，发明了太极拳)”可知，太极拳的招式是缓慢并且优美的。故选C。15．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Meanwhile,IstartedtoexploretheancientChineseculturebehindtaichi.IdiscoveredthattaichiisdeeplyrootedintheChinesephilosophyofyinandyang,whicharebelievedtoformthetheunityofopposite.(同时，我开始探索太极拳背后的中国古代文化。我发现太极深深植根于中国的阴阳哲学，阴阳被认为是对立的统一)”可知，太极背后的中国文化是在中国的阴阳哲学中找到太极的起源。故选C。16．词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“Thepracticeoftaichiaimstokeepthebalanceofyinandyanginthebodythroughoppositemovements:forwardsandbackwards,upanddown,leftandright,breathinginandbreathingout.(练习太极的目的是通过相反的动作来保持身体的阴阳平衡:前后，上下，左右，吸气和呼气)”表明太极的动作，划线词后一句“ taichibringsaboutastateofphysicalbalanceandmentalpeace.(太极拳带来一种身体平衡和精神平静的状态)”可知，这些招式最终会带来一种平衡的状态，划线词与Finally（最终）意思相近。故选A。（五）（2324高一河南许昌·期末）WhenHurricaneIanhitFlorida,KarenLauderrefusedtoleaveherhomebecauseshewaswrongabouttheintensity(强度)ofthestorm.Karenis84yearsoldanddependsonawheelchairtogetaroundbecausesheismissingaleg.Herson,JohnnyLauder,triedrepeatedlytogethertoleave,butsherefused.Johnnyandhiswholefamilylivewithinafewblocksofoneanother.TheykeptintouchwithKarenasthestormcontinuedviolently(猛烈地)outside,watchingthewaterrisingdangerouslyallaroundthem.WhenKarenreportedthatthewaterinherhousehadreachedherbottom,Johnnyknewhehadtotakeaction.First,Johnnyensuredhissonsandtheirpetsweretakencareof.Then,hejumpedoutofawindowandbegantoswim.Johnnyusedtoworkasarescueswimmer.Heisobviouslyastrongswimmer,butthefloodwaterwasfilledwithdangerousmaterials.Therewasalsoastrongcurrent(水流),andhehadtoswimagainstitformostofhistriptoKaren’s.Ashemadehiswaythroughthewater,Johnnystoppedperiodicallytosnapselfies(自拍)toshowhisworriedfamilythathewasokay.Johnnywasracingagainsttheclock.HeknewheonlyhadashortperiodoftimetogettherebeforethewaterroseaboveKaren’shead.Ittookhim40minutestoswimfourblocks.ThesoundofKarenshoutinginsidewasmusictohisears!“Ifitwould’vebeen20minuteslater,shewouldn’tbehere,”Johnnysaid.“She’sneverbeenhappiertoseeme.”Karenisnowsafe,althoughsheisinthehospitalbeingtreatedforinfections(感染)shegotinthewater.Thefamilyhavealllosteverythingtheyowned,includingtheirhouses,butthey’regratefuljusttobehere.17．WhydidKarendecidetostayinherhousewhenHurricaneIancame?A．Shehadnowheretogo.B．Shewastoooldtomove.C．Shethoughtthestormwasnotviolent.D．Shelostherwheelchairandwasunabletoleave.18．WhydidJohnnytakeselfiesalongthewaytoKaren’shome?A．Torecordhisswimmingtrip. B．Toshowoffhisswimmingskills.C．Towarnotherrescuersofdanger. D．Toreporthissafetytohisfamily.19．HowdidJohnny’sfamilykeepintouchinthestorm?A．Byshouting. B．Overthephone.C．Throughemail. D．Withother’shelp.20．HowdidJohnnyfeelwhenheheardKarenshouting?A．Curious. B．Frightened. C．Confused. D．Relieved.【答案】17．C18．D19．B20．D【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了飓风伊恩（Ian）袭击佛罗里达州时，约翰尼（Johnny）游了四个街区去救自己因为缺少一条腿而坐轮椅的母亲凯伦·劳德（KarenLauder）的故事。17．细节理解题。根据第一段“WhenHurricaneIanhitFlorida,KarenLauderrefusedtoleaveherhomebecauseshewaswrongabouttheintensity(强度)ofthestorm.(飓风伊恩袭击佛罗里达州时，凯伦·劳德拒绝离开家，因为她对风暴强度的判断有误。)”可知，凯伦不愿意离开家是因为她对飓风的强度判断失误。故选C。18．细节理解题。根据第三段“Ashemadehiswaythroughthewater,Johnnystoppedperiodicallytosnapselfies(自拍)toshowhisworriedfamilythathewasokay.(当他穿过水面时，约翰尼不时停下来自拍，向忧心忡忡的家人表示他没事。)”可知，当约翰尼穿过水面时还不时停下来自拍，是为了向忧心忡忡的家人报告他的安全状况。故选D。19．推理判断题。根据第三段“Ashemadehiswaythroughthewater,Johnnystoppedperiodicallytosnapselfies(自拍)toshowhisworriedfamilythathewasokay.(当他穿过水面时，约翰尼不时停下来自拍，向忧心忡忡的家人表示他没事。)”可知，约翰尼是通过和家人联系的。故选B。20．推理判断题。根据第四段“ThesoundofKarenshoutinginsidewasmusictohisears!(凯伦在里面叫喊的声音对他来说简直是音乐！)”可知，当儿子约翰尼听到母亲凯伦的叫喊时他感到很安慰，因为他的母亲还活着。故选D。（六）（2324高一云南昭通·期末）Kidsandteenagerswhovolunteeraren’tjusthelpingtheirmunity.Theymightalsobehelpingthemselves.That’saccordingtoanewresearchpublishedinJAMANetworkOpen,inMay.Kidswhoparticipatedinmunityservicewere34%morelikelytobeinverygoodphysicalhealththanthosewhodidn’tparticipate,thestudyfound.Andthosewhovolunteeredwere66%morelikelytobeconsidereddoingwellingeneral.Kidsaged12andolderwhovolunteeredwere25%lesslikelytohaveanxietythanpeerswhodidn’t.Thefindingsefromsurveydataprovidedbytheparentsofsome50,000kidsintheUnitedStatesaged6to17.Abouthalfofthoseparentsreportedthattheirkidsdidvolunteerwork.Studieslikethishavelimitations.Parentsansweredquestionsabouttheirkids’healthandmunityserviceactivity.Butaparentmightnotknowiftheirchildexperiencesanxietyorconsidersthemselvestobedoingwellingeneral.Thistypeofdataalsocan’tprovecauseandeffect.Itcanonlyuncoverconnections.Soit’snotpossibletosayforsurethatvolunteeringleadstobettermentalandphysicalhealth.Itcouldbethatpeopleingoodhealtharemorelikelytohavetheenergyordesiretovolunteer.Butthedataesatanimportanttimeforyouthmentalhealth.Inrecentyears,ratesofdepressionandanxietyhaverisenamongyoungpeople.Morethan40%ofhighschoolstudentsreportedexperiencingfeelingsofsadnessorhopelessness.Sothere’saclearneedforaccessibleandeffectivementalhealthresources.Givingbacktothemunitymaybeonesuchresource.Andthisstudyisn’ttheonlyonetoreachthatconclusion.Previousresearchhasalsofoundlinksbetweenvolunteeringandwellbeingamongadults.Servingthemunityseemstohelppeoplefeelasenseofpurpose.Anditmakesthemfeelconnectedtothosearoundthem.Generosityhasalsobeenshowntoboosthappinessandimprovephysicalhealth.Itmightbeapracticeworthdoing.21．HowmanykidsintheUSwhovolunteeredwerelesslikelytobeanxious?A．12,500. B．17,000. C．33,000. D．50,000.22．Whatcanwelearnfromthethirdparagraph?A．Healthypeoplearelesslikelytovolunteer.B．Volunteeringsurelyleadstobettermentalandphysicalhealth.C．Parentsknowtheirkids’mentalandphysicalhealthverywell.D．Thereisarelationshipbetweenhealthandmunityserviceactivity.23．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Therearevariousmentalhealthresources.B．Peopleofallageswillservethemunity.C．Servingthemunitywillbenefitmentalhealth.D．Highschoolstudentsaresufferingmentalhealthproblems.24．Whichproverbbestmatchesthearticle?A．Helaughsbestwholaughslast.B．Theroseisinherhand,theflavorinmine.C．Thelongestjourneybeginswiththefirststep.D．Treatotherpeopleasyouhopetheywilltreatyou.【答案】21．A22．D23．C24．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项调查研究发现，做志愿者的孩子和青少年自身也受益于志愿活动，他们的身心健康水平更高，虽然该研究有其局限性，但就目前年轻人患抑郁症和焦虑症的比例有所上升的情况来看，投身志愿活动不失为解决该问题的一种有效方法。21．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Kidsaged12andolderwhovolunteeredwere25%lesslikelytohaveanxietythanpeerswhodidn’t.Thefindingsefromsurveydataprovidedbytheparentsofsome50,000kidsintheUnitedStatesaged6to17.(参加志愿者活动的12岁及以上的孩子比没有参加的同龄人患焦虑症的可能性低25%。这一发现来自美国5万名6至17岁儿童的父母提供的调查数据)”可知，在美国，约有12500名（=50000×25%）做志愿者的孩子不太容易焦虑。故选A项。22．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Thistypeofdataalsocan’tprovecauseandeffect.Itcanonlyuncoverconnections.Soit’snotpossibletosayforsurethatvolunteeringleadstobettermentalandphysicalhealth.Itcouldbethatpeopleingoodhealtharemorelikelytohavetheenergyordesiretovolunteer.(这种类型的数据也不能证明因果关系。它只能揭示联系。因此，不能肯定地说志愿活动能带来更好的心理和身体健康。这可能是因为身体健康的人更有可能有精力或意愿去做志愿者)”可推知，虽然志愿活动和心理和身体健康之间的因果关系尚不能确定，但是两者之间的确是有联系的。故选D项。23．主旨大意题。根据最后一段的内容，尤其是其中的“Previousresearchhasalsofoundlinksbetweenvolunteeringandwellbeingamongadults.Servingthemunityseemstohelppeoplefeelasenseofpurpose.Anditmakesthemfeelconnectedtothosearoundthem.Generosityhasalsobeenshowntoboosthappinessandimprovephysicalhealth.Itmightbeapracticeworthdoing.(之前的研究也发现了志愿者活动与成年人幸福感之间的联系。为社区服务似乎能让人们有一种使命感。这让他们觉得自己与周围的人有联系。慷慨也被证明能提升幸福感和改善身体健康。这可能是一个值得做的实践)”可知，本段主要结合目前年轻人患抑郁症和焦虑症的比例有所上升的背景，对做社区志愿服务的意义进行了补充说明，表明这种服务的确可以赋予人们幸福感、使命感、与他人的联系，改善人们的健康。因此，本段主要是揭示为社区服务将有利于心理健康。故选C项。24．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Kidsandteenagerswhovolunteeraren’tjusthelpingtheirmunity.Theymightalsobehelpingthemselves.(做志愿者的孩子和青少年不仅仅是在帮助他们的社区。他们也可能是在帮助自己)”可知，文章围绕一项调查研究的发现展开，主要介绍了其发现内容：做志愿者的孩子和青少年自身也受益于志愿活动，他们的身心健康水平更高，同时指出了该研究的局限性和意义。因此，B项“赠人玫瑰，手留余香”最契合该研究发现的结果。A.最后的胜利才是真正的胜利；C.千里之行，始于足下；D.己所不欲，勿施于人。故选B项。（七）（2324高一江西抚州·期末）Whensomeonetellsmethatthey’regoingtospendjust3daysinParis,Ifeellikethey’remostlikelynotgoingtoloveit.Imean,it’spossibletohaveagreattimeifyoudoitrightandputwhatyouwanttoseeatthefirstplace.DuringsuchashortvisitmosttouristsheadtoseetheEiffelTower,NotreDame,Louvreandsomeothertouristattractions,andthereforeexperiencecrowds,longlinesandnotthereallocalParis.Takeyourpickandspendsometimeactuallyenjoyingthesethingsinsteadofrushingthrougheverything.I’mnottellingyounottoseethesefamouslandmarks,butinordertofullyfeeltheParisatmosphere,youneedtostayinthecitylonger.AstayinParisjustforaweekendseemsfarfromseeingallthegreatthings.AlmosteveryoneisdreamingofgettingtothetopoftheEiffelTower.Butthemomentyoustartapproachingthetoweryoumightrealizethatit’snotveryromantic,asit’ssurroundedbyatonofvisitorsandannoyingvendors(小贩).Theplaceiscrowded,andlinestakeforevernomatterwhenyouvisitit.It’shardtofindaromanticspotunlessyoubookadinnerontopoftheEiffelTower.It’ssomethingyouwillonlydoonce,asit’snotthebestfinediningyou’veeverhad—you’redoingitjustfortheexperience.However,ifyouclimbthestairsbehindtheCroatianEmbassyyoumaybeabletofindaquietspotoverlookingthetower.Theviewiswonderfulanddefinitelyworthit,especiallyatnightwhenthetowerstartsblinking!IremendyoutoseethecityfromuphighfromthetopoftheTourMontparnasse,ArcdeTriomphe,orevenacarousel(旋转木马)inTuileries,andactuallyhavetheEiffelTowerinyourview.25．Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph?A．Youcanonlyseecrowdsattouristattractions.B．Hewhohasashortvisitdoesn’tloveParis.C．VisitorcanhaveagoodtimetravelinginParisinthreedays.D．IttakesmoretimetoexperiencetherealParis.26．WhatisTRUEaboutvisitingParisaccordingtotheauthor?A．Fullyfeelingtheatmosphereofthecity.B．Onlyvisitingthefamouslandmarksofthecity.C．Seeingthewholecityattheweekend.D．Rushingthroughallattractionsinthecity.27．HowdoesatouristusuallyfeelaftervisitingtheEiffelTower?A．Delighted. B．Sad. C．Exhausted. D．Romantic.28．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheatmosphereofParis.B．ThetipsofvisitingParisbetter.C．TheviewoftheEiffelTower.D．ThetouristattractionsinParis.【答案】25．D26．A27．C