2022年广东省深圳市龙岗区高一下学期期中考试英语试题

广东省深圳市龙岗区2021-2022学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必贴好条形码，用0．5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号等写在答题卡规定的位置上。 2．选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选途其他答案标号。写在试卷上无效。 3．非选择题必须用0．5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。单项选择题：本题共10小题，每小题1分，共15分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。1.Waterisvery_______forthoseburiedinthemine.

A.clearB.controversialC.commonD.critical2.It’snotyourfault,andyoucould___________formissingthetrain.

A.forgiveB.haveforgivenC.forgaveD.beforgiven3._____________inthisway,yourfriendshipwillsoonberepairedA..ApproachedB.ApproachingC.HavingapproachedD.Toapproach4._______inrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast.A.HavinggrownB.TogrowC.GrewD..Grown5.______fromabove,theoldtownisamazeofcanals,littlebridgesandtinystreet.A.SeenB.SeeingC.ToseeD.Saw6.Whenhislips__________________,itisenoughtomeltanywoman'sheartA.breakintoasmileB.breakoutC.breakthroughD.burstintotears7.It’sanopportunitytomaketheChineseculturebetter______tointernationalstudents.A.knowingB.wasknownC.isknownD.known8.Whenwegotacall_____shewasshort-listed(入围）,wethoughtitwasajoke.A.saidB.tosayC.sayingD.hadsaid9.__________studyandhealth,weshoulddevelopahealthylifestyle.

A.InordertoB.AtthesightofC.IntermsofD.Asfaras10.Doremembertoputthemedicine_____thereachofthechildren.

A.withinB.underC.beyondD.at11.Society,schoolsandfamiliesshould__________greatimportance_________hardshipeducationforallstudents.A.distinguish,fromB.combine,withC.add,toD.attach,to12.Greatchanges________inourschoolsince2016.Alotofprogress________.A．havetakentheplace;havebeenmade B．hadtakenplace;havebeenmadeC．weretakenplace;hasmade D．havetakenplace;hasbeenmade13.Whentheyaskedhimforhisopinion,he_________strongly_________thepolicy.A.declared,againstB.declared,ofC.declared,toD.declared,with14.Thefiringfinallybeganto______________inthelateafternoon.A.dieawayB.dieoutC.diefromD.dieof15.Infact,morethanoneaccountsuggeststhat______Newtonwascertainlyinspiredbyafallingapple,thereisnoproof____ithithimonthehead.A.when,whyB.while,thatC.if,thatD.while,why二．阅读(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共11小题；每小题2.5分，满分27.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThecapitalofacountryisoftenaverypopulatedcitywheremuchhistoryhasbeenmadeduetothehigh-levelpoliticalandeconomicfunctionsthatoccurthere.However,sometimesgovernmentleadersdecidetomovethecapitalfromonecitytoanother.Capitalrelocationhasbeendonehundredsoftimesthroughouthistory.TheancientEgyptians,Romans,andChinesechangedtheircapitalfrequently.Somecountrieschoosenewcapitalsthataremoreeasilydefendedinatimeofinvasion(侵略)orwar.Somenewcapitalsareplannedandbuiltinpreviouslyundevelopedareastopromotedevelopment.Countriessometimeschangetheircapitalbecausetheyexpectsometypeofpolitical,social,oreconomicbenefit.Theyhopeandexpectthatthenewcapitalswillsurelydevelopintoculturaltreasureandhopefullymakethecountryamorestableplace.Herearecapitalrelocationsthathaveoccurredinapproximatelythelastfewcenturies.AsiaJapanfromKyototoTokyo-1868TurkeyfromIstanbultoAnkara-1923IsraelfromTelAviv-JaffotoJerusalem-1950EuropePolandfromKrakowtoWarsaw-1596FinlandfromTurkutoHelsinki-1812ItalyfromTurintoFlorencetoSalernotoRome-1871TheAmericasTheUSfromNewYorktoWashington-1800JamaicafromPortRoyaltoSpanishTowntoKingston-1872OceaniaNewZealandfromAucklandtoWellington-186516.Whydidsomecountriesdecidetomovethecapital?A.Tofurtherexpandtheirland.B.Touncoverancienttreasure.C.Todevelopundevelopedareas.D.Todeclarewaronanothercountry.17.Whichcountrywastheearliesttomoveitscapital?A.Turkey.B.Poland.C.TheUnitedSate. D.NewZealand.18.WhatdoItalyandJamaicahaveincommon?A.Theymovedthecapitalsmorethanonce.B.Theircapitalsweredestroyedinthewar.C.Theymovedtheircapitalsinthesameyear.D.Theircapitalsmovedbecauseoftheeconomy.BInoneSanFrancisconeighborhood,troubleappearedforthenewspaperdeliverymanwhenhispapersstartedgoingmissing.Hestartedgettingcallsfromupsetclientsthattheirpaperwasn’tbeingdelivered,butheknewfullwellhehaddeliveredonetotheirdoorstep.Shortlyafterthecallsbegan,hediscoveredsomethingcompletelyunexpected.Hewatchedastheneighborhoodcoyote(郊狼)playedwithanewspaperonagrassyhillside.Hevideoedherthrowingthepaperintheair,slidingdownthehillsideonit,andrunningaroundwithpages.Itturnsoutshewasrepeatedlystealingpapersoffcertainporches(门廊)shortlyafterhedeliveredthem,justtoplay!It’scommontohearaboutresidentsrunningintoconflictswithurbancoyotesinAmerica.Usuallyit’sbecauseofrun-inswithpets,orcoyotestooclosearoundpeopleinparksoryards.Butthistimetheconflictarisesforamoresurprisingreason.Ratherthangettingmad,thedeliveryman’ssolutionwastothrowoutapaperjustforher,launchingitontothegrassyhillsideshefrequented(常出入于)beforeshehadachancetobiteonefromafrontporch.Shehadhermorningtoy,andhestayedoutoftroublewithhisclients.Imetthedeliverymanbychanceearlyonemorningwhilewatchingthecoyote,andIlistenedtohisstory.Toproveitstruth—andmaintainthemorningritual(惯例)—thedeliverymanthrewapaperoutonthegrass.Sureenough,thecoyotecamerunningdownthehilltoplaywithit.SanFrancisco’scoyotesareonlyjustnowbeingstudied,andasmallpopulationlivinginthePresidiohasbeenmonitored.Manyothercitiesalsohaveneworongoingstudiesofurbancoyotes.Asthecleveranimalsbecomepermanentresidentsofcitiesacrossthecontinent,learningmoreaboutthemisacriticalstepinfindingsolutionstocoexistingwiththem.Foronenewspaperman,atleast,thatcoexistencecomesatanaffordableprice:anextracopyofthedailynewspaper.19.Whathappenedtothedeliveryman?A.Hegotfewernewspaperorders.B.Hewasattackedbyanurbancoyote.C.Hegotcomplaintsaboutmissingpapers.D.Heshowedgreatinterestinurbancoyotes.20.Whatdoweknowaboutthecoyotesfromparagraph2?A.Theyareeasytogetcloseto.B.Theyoftenlivefarfrompeople.C.Theycausegreatharmtopeople.D.They’vebeenseenalotaroundthecity.21.Theauthordescribesthedeliveryman’sbehaviortostress______.A.hisloveforhisjobB.hiscareforthecoyoteC.histroublebroughtbythecoyoteD.hissuccessinsolvingtheproblem22.Whichofthefollowingmighttheauthoragreewith?A.Weshouldlearntolivetogetherwithanimals.B.Weshoulddrivetheanimalsoutofthecity.C.Weshouldtrainandcontrolanimals.D.Weshouldmonitoranimalsclosely.CWhereverwego,wearesurroundedbyhistory.Acrosstheglobe,culturalheritageispasseddownthroughthegenerations.Itisinthebuildingsandstructuresaroundus.Itisintheartsandartifacts(手工艺品)wetreasure.Itlivesinthelanguageswespeakandthestorieswetell.Buttoday,itisunderattackasneverbefore.Notonlyarethedamagesoftimethreateningourculturalheritage,butconflicts,climatechange,globalizationandtourismareallexactingaheavyprice.Technologyisnowthemostessentialweaponinthebattle.Here’showtechnologyispreservingourculturalheritage.Asyoucanimagine,creatingthereplicas(复制品)viacrowdsourced2Dimagesisextremelytime-consuming.Increasingly,artificialintelligence(AI)algorithms(算法)arebeingusedtodoalltherequiredsourcing,allowingmillionsofimagestobestoredinamatterofhours.AIwillalsomakerestorationandpreservationofexistingculturalheritagefareasierandvastlysuperiortopreviousmethods.Virtualreality(VR)technologywillplayaleadingroleinpreservingourculturalheritageinthecomingyears.Manyofthemostimportantsitesandarchitectureareextremelyfragile.Humaninteractionwiththeselocationsisdoingagreatdealofharm.Wastesaccumulateeverywhere,causingenormousproblems.Asmoreculturalheritagesitesandobjectsaredigitallymappedandrecorded,VRtechnologywillincreasinglybecomethewaythatpeopleexperiencethem.We’llalleventuallybeabletowalkthroughplaces,lookat(andtouch!)artifactsandworksofartwithouteverseeingthemwithourowneyes.Finally,ourculturalheritagewillbepreservedviatechnology.Effortsinresearch,innovation,datasharingandprojectworkwillhelppromoteandpreservetheculturalheritageofcountriesallacrosstheworld.23.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exacting”inparagraph1mean?A.Paying.B.Cutting. C.Receiving.D.Demanding.24.WhatistheadvantageofAIinpreservingculturalheritage?A.Itgenerates2Dimages. B.Itmakesrestorationeasier.C.Itmakespreservationsafer. D.Itcreatesreplicasinseconds.25.HowdoesVRhelptopreserveculturalheritage?A.Byrecyclinghugeamountsofwaste.B.Byreducinghumanimpactonthesite.C.Byforbiddingvisitorsfromtouchingartifacts.D.Byeducatingpeopleaboutthesites’importance.26.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetotechnologyapplicationinpreservingtheculturalheritage?A.Ignoring.B.Compromising.C.Approving.D.Disagreeing.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Humanbeingsareextremelydiverseinmanyways.Peopledifferinopinions,races,nationalities,lifestylesandsoon.Yetweareallhumanspecies,wefeelpainandjoydespitethedifferences.Today,itisimpossibleforanygroupofpeopletolivewithoutinteractingwithothersoutsidetheirgroup.____27____Diversitycreatesrichnessinopinion.Someproblemscan’tbesolvedbyahomogeneous(同种类的)groupofpeople.____28____Adiversegroupwillofferfreshideastosolvetheproblems.Diversegroupshavebeenfoundtobecreativeandthusproducingbettersolutionstoproblems.Diversitymakesuscompassionateaboutothers.Whenweinteractandtrytounderstandothers,wewon’tjudgethem.Thisinsteadmakesuscompassionateaboutothers.____29____Compassionallowsustorealizethatallhumanbeingsarethesame.Diversityisagrowingtrend.Today,thereisnocountryintheworldthathasonlynativeslivingthere.____30____Intheprocess,peopleofdifferentculturalbackgroundsoftenfindthemselvesgoingtothesameschools,workinginthesameofficeandsomuchmore.Ascitizensofthisword,wearethereforeleftwithnochoiceotherthanembraceourdiversity.____31____Throughdiversity,entrepreneurs(企业家)havebeenabletoreachnewmarkets.Today,wehavemultinationalssettingupofficesindifferentpartsoftheworldofwhichitwouldnotbepossiblewithoutembracingdiversity.Thisfuturecreatesemploymentopportunitiesforpeopleinthosepartsoftheworld.A.Theyareinsearchofgoodlifestyles.B.Diversityopensupnewmarketchances.C.Diversityrequiresustorespecteachother.D.Wearethenabletoloveandhelponeanother.E.Culturaldiversity,therefore,isveryimportanttoday.F.Thechallengerequirespeoplefromdifferentbackgroundstoworktogether.G.Millionsofpeoplearemovingfromonepartoftheworldtoanothereveryday.三．语言运用(共三节，满分70分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IwaseighteenyearsoldandIwasthegoldengirl.Iwaspresidentofthecollegedramasociety,amemberofthestudentsenate(大学理事会)andsoon.Iwasthe___32___ofallmyfriendsandIwasinastateofpride.TheoldGreektragedies___33___usthatwhenpriderises,punishmentfalls.Myuniverse___34___withgreatsuddenness.Thescenery（舞台布景道具）fellonmyheadandIwasleftalmostblindforthenextfourmonths.Mymemorywasinamessandwithinafewmonthsallmy___35___weretakenaway.IwasevertoldthatIwouldhavetoleavethecollegeattheendofthespringterm___36___clearly,Icouldn'tdoacademicwork.Sad,ItookonelastcoursebyDr.JacobTaubes.HewasthemostbrilliantteacherIhadever___37___andinhisclass,Ibegantoraiseatentative（试探性的）___38___andaskanoccasionalquestion.Hewouldanswerwithgreatintensity.AndsoonIfoundmyselfasking___39___questionsconstantly.OnedayIwaswalkingtothebuswhenIheardDr.Taubes___40___me,“MissHouston,letmewalkwithyou.Youknow.youhaveamost____41____mind.”“Me?Ihaveamind?”“Yes,ofcourse.”Thenheaskedmyunderstandingofsomeproblemsdiscussedintheclasses.Fromthatdayon,Dr.Taubescontinuedto____42____metothebus,always____43____mewithintellectuallyvigorousquestions.Withinseveralweeksmyeyesightcamebackandmyspiritbloomed.AlthoughwhatIacquiredfromthisexperiencewasa____44____senseoflife,Iremaindeeply____45____fortheattentionDr.Taubeshadshown.HeacknowledgedmewhenImostneededit.IsworethenthatIwouldtryto____46____andacknowledgetheunluckypersonasIhadbeenacknowledged.32.A.aim B.envy C.fanD.hero33.A.inform B.warn C.guaranteeD.explain34.A.cutoff B.turneddown C.gotthroughD.brokedown35.A.offices B.memories C.sensesD.emotions36.A.until B.after C.whenD.since37.A.attached B.contributed C.experiencedD.longed38.A.head B.hand C.armD.voice39.A.extra B.fewer C.additionalD.more40.A.addressing B.reminding C.askingD.shouting41.A.complex B.strange C.interestingD.disappointed42.A.walk B.follow C.leadD.invite43.A.treating B.challenging C.entertaining D.accompanying44.A.tragic B.comic C.oppositeD.magic45.A.encouraged B.grateful C.satisfiedD.guilty46.A.send B.reserve C.reachD.sacrifice第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Whatwillyouthinkofwhenhearingtheword“kungfu”?TheanswerformostpeoplemaybeShaolinmonks,BruceLeeorKungFuPanda.____47____forLaurenceJ.Brahm,anAmericandocumentaryfilmmaker,thefirstthingthat____48____(spring)tomindistheconceptofnon-violence.“Wushu,____49____(translate)into‘martialarts’inEnglish,istheChinesenameforkungfu.Martialmeansmilitary,whileWushudoesn’treallymeanthat.”Brahmtoldthepeople____50____(attend)thepremiere(首映)ofhislatestwork,SearchingforKungFu.AsBrahmexplained,ifyoubreakdown____51____character“WU”,itconsistsoftwocharacters:oneis“ge”,meaningdagger-axe;theotheris“zhi”,meaningtostop.So,themeaningofmartialartsinChineseis____52____(actual)theartofstoppingfighting.Inthemovie,BrahmdigsintotheprinciplesandvaluesinthisChineseculturallegacy(遗产),____53____datesfromthousandsofyearsbutkeeps____54____(it)enormousinfluenceandattractiontothisday.AccordingtoBrahm,kungfumovieshave____55____(mass)fansthanothermoviesaroundtheworld,notjustbecauseofthefightscenes,butalsobecauseofthe_____56_____(wise),philosophy,moralityandstrategywithinthemovies.Hehopeshismoviecanhelpbuildbridgesandunderstandingacrossnationsandamongpeople.第三节(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)在句子空白处填入适当的单词的正确形式，一空一词。57.IthinkIshouldworkhardatEnglishand__________________(不辜负)hisexpectation.

58.Ittookalongtimeto_______________（被理解）totheworkersthewaythemachineworked.59.I’dappreciateitifyoucouldletmeknow____________（提前）whethero