2022-2023学年北京市东城区高一年级上册期末英语试卷（解析版）

2022-2023学年北京市东城区高一（上）期末英语试卷

得分

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，

用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷

上无效。

3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

1.Tooursurprise,herwordshadamagicale（影响）onus.

2.Hisworkhasbeencriticizedforbeingimitativeands（肤浅的）.

3.Everythingyoudoorsayisareflectionofyourp（性格，个性）.

4.Theadvertisementsareintendedtoimprovethecompany'si（形象）.

5.LastyearIwaschosentor（代表）thecompanyattheconference.

6.Weneedmalesubjectsbetweentheagesof18and25forthee（实验）.

7.Therearemanyoptionalcourses.Youcans（挑选）theoneyoulikemost.

8.ShoppingontheInternethasitsdisadvantagesastherealg（商品,货物）cannotbeseen.

9.Helikespowerverymuchanddoesn'tlikeanyonetochallengehisa（权威）.

10.Evenifyoucan*tcook,you'llfindthesemealsquickandc（方便的）toprepare.

11.Group1可能会有派生变化（即词性的变化）

accessapprovalamazedescribelocateimaginerewardvary

（1）Shewasthathecouldbesocalmatsuchatime.

（2）Iwasattractedtothehousebothbyitssizeandits.

（3）Pricesaccordingtothetypeofroomyourequire.

（4）Youneedapasswordtogettothecomputersystem.

（5）Smilingisapparentlyauniversalsignoffriendlinessand

(6)Thescenerythereissofascinatingthatitistotallybeyond.

(7)Theyearshespentinthecountrysideprovedtobea(n)experience.

(8)FatherChristmasisjusta(n)figureandthereisnosuchpersoninreality.

12.Group2可能会有语法变化(即名词变复数、动词的时态语态和非谓等变化)

admitaffairconfirmconsisthappenhumiliatemaintainsurround

(1)Hesaidhedidn'twanttoherinfrontofhercolleagues.

(2)MyaunttobeoutwhenIpaidheravisitlastweekend.

(3)Fewpeoplenowadaysareabletofriendshipsintoadulthood.

(4)Chinaisplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleininternational.

(5)Sofar,noonebreakingthewindow,whichannoyshimverymuch.

(6)Usually,anarticleof3parts,anintroduction,abodyandaconclusion.

(7)WhenIwassmall,IbyloveandkindnessandIfeltreallyhappy.

(8)Ifyouhavebookedaroominadvance,pleasecallmetoyourreservation.

13.孩子们喜欢在春节燃放鞭炮。

ChildrenlikefirecrackersinlunarNewYear.

14.刚才那位老妇人的行为举止吸引了我的目光。(请用到eye一词)

Theelderlywoman'sbehaviorjustnow.

15.这部电影是基于一个发生在二战期间的真实故事。

ThefilmatruestoryhappeningduringtheSecondWorldWar.

16.我很难想象我祖父母年轻时经历的艰难时光。

Icanhardlyimaginethehardtimesmygrandparentswhentheywereyoung.

17.当你看到某人受苦时，不要只是袖手旁观。请主动帮助他。

Whenyouseesomeonesuffer,don'tjust.Pleaseoffertohelphim.

18.Aftergraduation,Idecidedtomakeadifferencetooursociety,soIbecameavolunteerteacher

and(send)toaremotevillage.

19.Tomwasnotsurehowhisparents(react)tohisdecision.

20.Thisuniversitymakeseveryeffort(help)studentsadjusttonewschoollife.

21.Themansteppedintoacardoorwashalf-open.

22.Noonevisitinginthegalleryisallowed(touch)theexhibits.

23.

A

Astudy(1)(lead)byStanfordUniversityexplorestheinfluencemicroplastics(塑料微粒)have

onwhales.Microplasticsarepiecesofplasticlessthanfivemillimetersinlengthandarenow

frequentlyfound(2)thewhaleslive.Theteamfoundthewhalesmainlyfindfoodfrom50to250

metersbelowthesurface.Atsuchdepth,thehighestconcentrationsofmicroplasticintheopenocean

takeplace.Researchersestimatethatupto10millionpieces(3)(consume)byeachwhaleperday.

B

I'mPatrickMcCarthy.ThisisthespacewhereIcanhelpyou(4)yourdailylifeproblems.I

remember(5)(feel)bothexcitedandterrifiedaboutlifewhenIturned18.That*sa

⑹(perfect)normalfeelingtohave.Also,believeitornot,Iguaranteeallofyourpeersatyour

agealsofeelthissenseofanxiety.Nowisagoodtimetolearnandtrynewthings.Sometimesyouwill

failandhavepainfulexperiences,(7)istheprocessoflearningandlifeitself.

C

Thezooissomewherewealllovetogoduringtheweekendsandholidays.Nowthere'sachance(8)

(raise)anadorableanimalatthezooaswell.Lastmonth,HongshanForestZoo(9)(launch)a

"symbolicadoption(认养)"WeChatminiprogramtoraisefunds,causingaheated(10)(discuss)

online.Throughtheminiprogram,animalloversgetto"raise"animalsbyfinancingtheirdaily

necessities,likefoodandhealthmonitoring.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

⑸

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题

纸上将该项涂黑。

Haveyoueverseenanangel?ProbablymostofuswouldsaynoandsowouldLHowever,the

conversationIhadwithmysisterAmyearlierthisweekchangedmythought.

AmywouldhavetoexperiencetheChristmaswithoutherhusbandforthefirsttimebecausehediedinher

armsseveralmonthsago.LastThursday,shewasinthestore(24)foranidealcardforherkids.Timepassed

byquicklyasshereadthemanychoices.Sheneededacardthatsentsomething(25)toeachofthem,asshe

knewtheywouldhaveanemptyplaceintheirheartthisholidayseason.

FinallyJShefoundtheonethatexpressedthe(26)feeling.Thewordsexpressedthefeelingsshewishedto

share.However,asharppainpiercedherheartwhensherealizedthatthecardwasfromumomand

dad".Shestood,holdingitcloseforalongtime,unabletomovefromthespot.(27)begantorunoverher

cheeks.

"IstheresomethingIcandoforyou?"a(28)voiceasked.Sheturnedtofaceastranger,awoman,who

waslookingatherwithquestionand(29).“Uh・・・oh...OH!”Amyresponded,"Ican'tgivethiscardtomy

childrenbecause,,,becausemyhusbanddiedandthisisthewrongcard.'*

Thestranger'sfacesoftenedwithsympathyandlove.She(30)outandpulledmysisterintoherarms,giving

herunspokenpermissiontocryintheprotectionofherembrace.Shequietlyheldmysisteruntilher(31)

returned."Thankyouforlisteningtomecryon,"waswhatmysistersaidwhenallwasbetter."Youare

welcome,andIamsosorryforyourloss,Mthestrangeransweredandsaidgoodbyetoher.

DuringhertellingofthiseventIwasfeeling(32)thatIhadn'tbeenthere.Mysisterneededmeanda

strangerhadtodomyjob."Youknow,“shewenton,“afriendsuggestedthatitwaslikemeetingwith

anAngel.nMyguilt(33)immediately.MysisterrequiredanAngel,andIthinkthatisexactlywhatshegot.

24.A.payingB.caringC.lookingD.calling

25.A.attractiveB.specialC.traditionalD.brilliant

26.A.sadB.rightC.amazingD.strange

27.A.LightsB.SweatsC.TearsD.Smiles

28.A.firmB.proudC.coldD.gentle

29.A.concernB.shockC.regretD.surprise

30.A.reachedB.caughtC.sentD.threw

31.A.confidenceB.courageC.happinessD.calmness

32.A.shockedB.shyC.guiltyD.hopeless

33.A.struckB.returnedC.sankD.disappeared

Y

阅读所给文章，根据文章内容从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

RunningtotheLibrary

Thereareliterallythousandsofbooksaboutrunning,eachwiththeiruniquestoriesandangles.Hereare

fourthatmightinterestyou.

•AdvancedMarathoning-2ndEdition

byPetePfitzinger,ScottDouglas($38.13)

Shaveminutesoffyourtimeusingthelatestinscience-basedtrainingforseriousrunners.Advanced

Marathoninghasalltheinformationyouneedtotrainsmarterandaniveonthestartlinereadytorunthe

marathonofyourlife.

Includingmarathon-pacerunsandtemporuns,AdvancedMarathoningprovidesonlythemosteffective

methodsoftraining.Youlllearnhowtoimproveyourrunningworkoutswithstrength,core,flexibility,

andformtraining.

,DeterminedtoWin：TheOvercomingSpiritofJeanDriscoll

byJeanDriscoll($10.99)

JeanDriscollwasnamed25thofthetop100womenathletesinthecenturybySportsIllustratedfor

Women.Bornwithspinabifida(脊柱裂),Jeanwasneversupposedtowalk.Butbecauseofherintense

determination,shenotonlylearnedtowalkbuttofly-inawheelchairacrossthefinishline.

Inherautobiography,Jeanchronicles(按事件发生顺序记载)herflightfromphysicalparalysistotrue

spiritualfreedom.Sheshowsuswhatperseverancecanachieve.

•BostonMarathonPortraits：PicturesofInspiration

byRaymondBritt($19.99)

BostonMarathonPortraitsfeaturesdramaticimagesofanexceptionalrace：theBostonMarathon.Onrace

day,Bostoncomesalivewithanticipation,excitementanddetermination.Thisbookpresentsthese

emotionsandtheactionoftheBostonMarathon,focusingonstrikingscenesandphotosofrunnersbefore

therace,atthestartingline,thefinishlineandwhenthecelebrationoffinishingbegins.

•WomenRunners

byIreneReti,BettianneShoneySien($11.18)

Thisanthology(选集)ofliteraryfiction,poems,andessaysbywomenrunnerscapturestheessence

ofrunning,andthemanyhopesanddreamsofwomen.

34.Whichbookwouldbeyourbestchoiceifyouwerelookingfortipsonmarathontraining?

A.DeterminedtoWin：TheOvercomingSpiritofJeanDriscoll

B.BostonMarathonPortraits：PicturesofInspiration

C.AdvancedMarathoning-2ndEdition

D.WomenRunners

35.WhichcategorydoesDeterminedtoWin：TheOvercomingSpiritofJeanDriscollfallinto?

A.Sciencefiction.B.Biography.

C.Self-helpbook.D.Historicalfiction.

36.WhatisBostonMarathonPortraits：PicturesofInspirationabout?

A.Developmentofmarathon.B.Effectivetrainingmethods.

C.Essayswrittenbyrunners.D.Amazingphotosofrunners.

z

Astechnologyisdevelopingrapidly,wecanactuallybuildVRheadsetsthatmeethighrequirements.The

interestinVRrises,sodoestheinterestincreatingnewmediatobeexperiencedinusingVR.Journalism

isamediumbuiltonrelevance.Journalistsarealwaysfindingnewmeanstotellstoriesandreportnews.lt

isagoldmineforstorytelling.Whatbetterwaystotellastorytosomeonethantoputthemrightinthe

centerofit?

PeoplearealreadymakinguseofVRinnews.CreativedirectorSpikeJonzeandvisualartistChrisMilk

putviewersatthesceneoftheMillionsMarchprotestinNewYorkinDecember,2O14.TheUniversityof

SouthernCaliforniacreated"ProjectSyria,"whichallowsviewerstoexperiencethebombingofa

crowdedneighborhoodandvisitarefugeecampinthewar-torncountry.Thesearejustafewexamplesof

agrowingnumberofprojectsthatareoutthere.

VRisapowerfultoolforjournalists.Theconsumerisn'tjustreadingorwatchingsomethingplayout；

they'reexperiencingit.Theimmersive（沉浸式的）natureofVRallowspeopletoconnectwiththe

subjectmatteronamuchdeeperlevelthanjustreadingaboutit.Theexperienceisemotional,speaking

moretoourinstinct（本能）thanourintellect（智力）.Thereareawiderangeofpossibilitiesfor

storytellinghere,andanystorytellerwantingtodosomethingmoreinterestingthantheirpeersshould

surelybeconsideringthesheerpowerofVR.

ThequestionofVR,though,isnothowpowerfulitis.Thatisobvious.ThequestionofVRisoneof

viability（可行性）andavailability.Tellingstoriesmustbeeasytodo,andaccesstothosestoriesmust

bereadilyavailable.ThisisthebiggestchallengethatVRfaces.IfthetoolstotellastorywithVRaren*t

easytopickupandlearn,VRwillfail.IfVRtechnologyisn'tbothtop-of-the-lineandaffordable,VRwill

fail.

“IthinkthatcurrentVRtechnologyisprettyexclusiverightnow,butit'sverypromisingthatitwillnotbe

aprobleminthelongrun,"saidThomasHallaq,assistantprofessorofjournalismandmass

communications."WeYeseeingmoretechnologybecomeaccessible,andmorepeoplehavingaccessto

thattechnology.}ustlookatsmartphones.'1

IfthetechnologyiswidelyavailableandcompanieslikeOculus,Samsung,HTCandValvecanovercome

theinherentdifficulties,VRwillsucceedinbeingadesirablemeansofstorytelling.Likeradio,TVandthe

Internetbeforeit,VRwillchangethewaywetellstories.

37.WhyisVRconsideredapowerfultoolforjournalism?

A.Becauseitisamediumbuiltonrelevance.

B.Becauseitisverypopularandinteresting.

C.Becauseitallowspeopletoexperiencethenewspersonally.

D.Becauseitisanexclusivelynewtoolintellingnewsstories.

38.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthebiggestchallengeVRisfacing?

A.Whetheritiseasilyaccessibletopeople.

B.Howpowerfulandinterestingitcanbe.

C.WhetherqualifiedVRheadsetscanbebuilt.

D.Whatnewwayspeoplewillfindtoreportnews.

39.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefutureofVRtechnology?

A.Neutral.B.Positive.C.Negative.D.Concerned.

40.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.TheChallengesofVirtualReality

B.TheWidePopularityofVirtualReality

C.TheFutureofStorytelling—VirtualReality

D.TheDevelopmentofVirtualRealityintheFuture

Al

Canartificialintelligenceuncoveraliar?Itsoundslikesciencefiction,butsuchanAIsystemis

possible.Thequestionis：Howaccuratecanitbe?RadaMihalcea,aprofessorofcomputerscienceand

engineeringattheUniversityofMichigan,hasworkedondeception（欺骗）detectionforabouta

decade.ThisishowtheyconstructedoneAIdeceptiondetector,andhowitworks.

Thefirstthingthatresearchersworkingonartificialintelligenceandmachinelearningneedisdata.Inthe

caseoftheworkthatMihalceadid,theybeganwithvideosfromactualcourtcases.Forexample,a

defendantspeakinginatrialinwhichtheywerefoundguiltycouldprovideanexampleofdeceit（欺骗）；

theyalsousedtestimony（证词）fromwitnessesaseitherexampleoftruthfulordeceitful

statements.Altogether,theyused121videoclipsandthecorrespondingtranscriptsofwhatthey

said-abouthalfrepresenteddeceptivestatements,andhalftruthful.ltwasthisdatathattheyusedtobuild

machinelearningclassifiersthatultimatelyhadbetweena60to75percentaccuracyrate.

Onethingthesystemnoticedistheuseofpronouns—peoplewhoarelyingwouldtendtolessoftenusethe

wordTor'we',Mihalceaexplains."Instead,peoplewhoarelyingwouldmoreoftenuse'you,''yours,

''he,1'they,'and'she.”'That'snottheonlylinguisticsignal：someonetellingaliewoulduse"stronger

words"that"reflectcertainty,nshesays.Examplesofthosetypesofwordsare''absolutely,"and"very,

“whileinterestingly,peopletellingthetruthweremorelikelytousewordssuchas"maybe"or"probably.”

"Ithinkpeoplewhoaredeceptivewouldtrytomakeupforthelietheyareputtingforward,“shesays,

“andsotheytrytoseemmorecertainofthemselves/1Asforgestures,shepointsoutthatsomeonebeing

deceitfulwouldmorelikelylookdirectlyintotheeyesofthepersonquestioningthem.Theyalsotendedto

usebothhandswhengesturing.Insteadofjustone—also,shesuspects,aspartoftryingtobeconvincing.

However,Mihalcea'sworkis"farfromperfection,Hsheconcedes."Asaresearcher,wearecontentthat

wewereabletogetto75percentaccuracy.1'Butlookedatanotherway,that'sanerrorrateofonein

four.Ultimately,sheseestechnologylikethisasbeingassistiveforpeople——itcould,fbrexample,indicate

thatitnoticedsomething"unusual"inaspeaker'sstatement,andthenperhapshaveaperson'investigate

more.*'

41.Whydidtheresearchersgathertestimonyfromthecourt?

A.TotesttheaccuracyofAIdeceptiondetector.

B.Toprovidedatabaseformachinelearning.

C.Tohelpthejudgesfindtheguiltypeople.

D.Tounderstandhowdeceptionworks.

42.AccordingtoProfessorMihalcea,whichisasymbolofdeception?

A.Avoidingdirecteyecontact.B.Usingfirst-personpronouns.

C.Gesturingwithonlyonehand.D.Tryingtobesureofthemselves.

43.WhatdoesProfessorMihalceathinkofthenewtechnology?

A.Flawedbutpromising.B.Unsatisfyingbuthelpful.

C.Accurateandmeaningful.D.Imperfectandimpractical.

44.Whichwillbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.WillAIRidtheWorldofLiars?

B.WhatCanAIDoforUsinCourt?

C.WhereIsAILeadingUsintheFuture?

D.CanAIBecomeaConvincingDetective?

Alllivingthingsneedclean,freshwatertosurvive.Ninety-sevenpercentofthewateronEarthisinthe

ocean.Thesaltintheoceanwatermakesitunusablefbrdrinking.Anothertwopercentisfrozenintheice

capsandglaciersontheEarth.ThisleavesonepercentofthewateronEarthavailableforustouse.⑴

Whereyoulive,theamountofrainthatfalls,andhowwateriscollectedandreservedallaffecttheamount

ofcool,clearwateravailable.

Onefactorthatwecan'tchangeiswhereitwillrain.Theamountofrainanareareceivesaffectstheamount

ofwateravailableforuse.Somemajorcitiesarelocatedinareaswheretheycangetwaterfromthe

ground.Otherareasusesurfacewaterfromlakes,rivers,orstreams.(2)

AccordingtoastudydonebythestateofCalifornia,theaveragepersonusesoveronehundredgallonsof

waterperday.Waterisusedfordrinking,takingashowerorbath,brushingteeth,washinghands,cleaning

dishes,doinglaundry,andflushingtoilets.Usingwaterwiselyisimportant.

(3)Today,wehavemanyhelpfultoolstohelpussavewater.Therearelow-flowshowerheadsandfaucets

(水龙头)，dishwashersandwashingmachinesthatuseupto50%lesswater,andtoiletsthatuseonly

one-thirdofthewaterthattheydidafewyearsago.Installingtheseitemsinyourhomeisthefirstlineof

defenseagainstwastingwater.

Therearemanyotherwaysyoucanhelp.Don'tleavethewaterrunningwhenyoubrushyourteeth.Takea

showerratherthanabath.(4)Ifyoufindone,letyourparentsknow.Agoodwaytohavecoolwater

availableallthetimeistokeepapitcherinthefridge.Thiswayyouwon'havetowaitforthewaterinthe

pipestobringyoucolderwatertodrink.Onlyrunyourclotheswasheranddishwasherwhentheyare

full.Thiscansavehundredsofgallonsofwaterayear.

(5)Learningtouseitwiselywillensurethatitwillalwaysbeavailable.So,makeafussandconserve

water.It'sworthit!

A.It'salsoimportanttofixleakyfaucets.

B.Waterisanimportantnaturalresource.

C.A11ofthesewillhelptoconservewater.

D.Therearemanyfactorsthataffecttheamountofwateravailableforyou.

E.Nomatterwhereyoulive,therearemanywaysyoucanhelpconservewater.

F.Thoseplaceswithnowaterreadilyavailablemustpipewaterinfromfaraway.

G.Nomatterwherewelive,wemustbecarefulwiththewaterwehaveinourpartoftheworld.

45.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

46.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

47.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

48.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

49.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

50.阅读下面的短文，并根据短文内容回答后面的问题。

Aspoonfulofpickles（榨菜）cansometimesmakeamealtastewaybetter.Recently,anewtype

ofpickleisbeingdiscussed："digitalpickledvegetables".Itreferstothevideospeoplewatchwhile

eating.Manypeoplethinkthatthevideoscanmaketheirfoodmoreappetizing.

Thetopicreceivedmorethan16millionclicksonSinaWeiboandabout100,000peopleparticipated

inthediscussion.Insteadofhavingmealswithfriendsandfamilymembers,manyyoungpeoplein

ChinaarekeptcompanybyTVshowsorshortvideos.Manybelievethattheirfoodistastierwiththe

"digitalpickles".

Canthishabitaffectyourdiet?Accordingtoaresearchpaperpublishedin2019,youmayeatmore

unconsciously.Theinternationalresearchteamasked62volunteerstofollowdifferenteatingpatterns

onfourdifferentdays.Thepatternsincludedeatingwhilelookingatthemobilephone,reading

magazinesandwithoutdistraction.Afteranalyzingtheirdiets,theteamdiscoveredthateatingwitha

distractionincreasedcaloricingestion（卡路里摄入）byabout15percent.

Toexplorethereason,theteamalsoinvitedtwogroupsofpeople：onegroupatewhilelisteningto

an

audioclip（音频剪辑）aboutanotherpersoneatingandtheotherlistenedtoaclipthathelpedthem

imaginethemselveseating.Theresultsshowedthatthesecondgroupatelesssincetheyweremore

focusedontheirmeals.Whenweeatwiththe"digitalpickles1',ourattentioncanbedistracted,which

leadstoeatingmorethanexpected.

Thisworksnotonlyforeatingmealsbutotherdemandingtasksaswell.Aresearchprojectledbythe

UniversityofSussex,UK,pointedoutthatactivitieswhichrequirelotsofattentiontrickmany

participantsintoovereating.Theteaminvited120participantstodovarioustaskswhileproviding

themwithdrinksandsnacks.MOurstudysuggeststhatifyou'reeatingordrinkingwhileyour

attentionisdistractedbyahighlyengagingtask,you'relesslikelytobeabletotellhowfullyoufeel,

"oneoftheauthorsMartinYeomansexplained.

(1)Whatis"digitalpickledvegetables"?

(2)Howwilleatingwhilewatchingvideosaffectpeople'sdiet?

(3)Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.

>Peopleovereatwhendoingdemandingtasksbecausetheyneedtheirfoodtodistractandcomfort

them.______

(4)Onlinevideoscanmakeusovereat,whichistheirdisadvantage.Canyouthinkoftwobenefits

theycanbringtoyou?(Inabout40words)

51.假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，春节将至，你校英国交换生Jim接受了来你家共度除

夕的邀请，请你就他关心的问题写一封邮件。内容包括：

(1)很高兴他接受了邀请；

(2)介绍你家除夕的安排；

(3)期待他的到来。

注意：

(4)词数不少于50；

(5)开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。

DearJim,

YoursSincerely,LiHua

答案和解析

I.【答案】ffect

【解析】根据括号内词义，“影响”可译为effect,根据a和magical可知填可数名词的单数。

故填：effecto

令我们惊讶的是，她的话对我们产生了神奇的影响。

做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对

单词或短语做出形式上的变化。

2.【答案】hallow

【解析】根据汉语提示“肤浅的”及单词首字母，考虑形容词shallow作表语。

故填：shallow«

他的作品被批评为抄袭而且肤浅。

做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对

单词或短语做出形式上的变化。

3.【答案】ersonality

【解析】根据括号内词义，"性格，个性”可译为personality,是可数名词，根据语境要用单数形式。

故填：personality»

你的一言一行都体现你的个性。

考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出

单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

4.【答案】mage

【解析】image.根据句意和首字母提示可知这里使用名词image意为"形象".这里是不可数名词.故

填image.

这些广告是为了改善公司的形象.

首字母填空'要求考生不仅具备一定的词汇量、扎实的句型和语法知识，还要去学生有较好的阅读

能力，能灵活运用所学知识去分析语篇.简单地说，该题型的考查范围极广，不仅包括词汇和语

法的掌握，还考查学生的阅读分析能力、逻辑推理能力，以及情境语感.

5.【答案】epresent

【解析】bechosentodo意为"被选中去做某事"，为固定搭配，此处用todo不定式作主语补足语。

根据首字母r可知，表示"代表"应用动词represent«

故填：represento

去年我被选为公司代表参加会议。

对于根据首字母填空这种题，要分析句子意思，再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定。

6.【答案】xperiment

【解析】根据括号内词义，"实验”可译为experiment,是可数名词，根据语境可知，只有一个，要

用单数形式。

故填：experimento

我们需要18至25岁之间的男性来接受试验。

考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出

单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

7.【答案】elect

【解析】根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词select”挑选"，满足句意要求，结合空前can情态动

词可知，为动词原形。

故填：selecto

有很多选修课。你可以选择你最喜欢的。

对于根据首字母填空这种题，要分析句子意思，再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定。

8.【答案】oods

【解析】根据括号内词义，”商品，货物”可译为goods,常用复数形式。

故填：goods,

网上购物有它的缺点，因为不能看到真正的商品。

考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出

单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

9.【答案】uthority

【解析】根据括号内词义，"权威"可译为authority,是不可数名词。

故填：authority«

他非常喜欢权力，不喜欢任何人挑战他的权威。

考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出

单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

10.【答案】onvenient

【解析】根据中文提示“方便的“和首字母可知，此处应用形容词convenient作宾补。

故填：conveniento

即使你不会做饭，你也会发现这些饭菜准备起来既快捷又方便。

对于根据首字母填空这种题，要分析句子意思，再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定。

11.【答案】【小题11amazed

【小题2】location

【小题3]vary

【小题4】access

【小题5】approval

【小题6】description

【解析】(1)考查形容词。句意：她很惊讶他在这种时候还能这么镇定。分析可知，此处应填形

容词作表语，结合句意表示"惊讶的"应用-ed结尾的形容词amazed,修饰主语she。故填amazed。

(2)考查名词。句意：我被房子的大小和位置所吸引。形容词性物主代词its后应用名词作介词

by的宾语，结合句意表示“位置”，应用名词location,结合语境可知，此处特指所说房子的位置,

应用其单数形式。故填location。

(3)考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：价格根据您需要的房间类型而有所不同。分析可知，此处

应填动词作谓语，结合句意表示"不同"，应用动词vary,根据句意及后文require可知，句子是在

陈述事实，应用一般现在时，主语prices为复数，谓语动词应用原形。故填vary。

(4)考查不可数名词。句意：你需要密码才能进入计算机系统。分析可知，此处应填名词作宾语，

结合句意表示"进入"，短语为getaccessto。故填access。

（5）考查不可数名词。句意：微笑显然是友好和认可的普遍标志。分析可知，此处应填名词作宾

语，结合句意表示“认可"，应用不可数名词叩proval。故填approval。

（6）考查不可数名词。句意：那里的风景太迷人了，简直无法形容。分析可知，此处应填名词作

介词beyond的宾语，结合句意表示"无法形容"，短语为beyonddescription。故填description。

（7）考查形容词。句意：他在农村度过的那些年证明是一段有益的经历。分析可知，此处应填形

容词作定语，结合句意表示"有益的"，应用形容词rewarding。故填rewarding。

（8）考查形容词。句意：圣诞老人只是一个虚构的人物，现实中并没有这样的人。分析可知，此

处应填形容词作定语，结合句意表示"虚构的"，应用形容词imaginary。故填imaginary。

（1）她很惊讶他在这种时候还能这么镇定。

（2）我被房子的大小和位置所吸引。

（3）价格根据您需要的房间类型而有所不同。

（4）你需要密码才能进入计算机系统。

（5）微笑显然是友好和认可的普遍标志。

（6）那里的风景太迷人了，简直无法形容。

（7）他在农村度过的那些年证明是一段有益的经历.

（8）圣诞老人只是一个虚构的人物，现实中并没有这样的人。

如何做选词填空

1.根据语法，判断词性

一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步

缩小词的选择范围。

2.利用语境，确定词形

当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如动词的人称数，时态，语态，

固定短语；名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。

12.【答案】【小题1]humiliate

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