Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab 同步练-2022-2023学年外研版高中英语必修一

Module5ALessoninaLab卮陟练

一、阅读理解

（-）

ThestrengthofTCWilliamsHighSchoolinAlexandria,Virginiaisitsdiversity（多样性），says

ShawnLowe,ascienceteacherattheschool.Herstudentsareinterestedindoingsciencefairprojects,

butdon'thaveenoughmoneytopursuethem.

“Havingequipmentavailableallowseverystudenttopursuetheirquestionsandcarryoutreal

scienceresearch,regardlessofsocioeconomicmeans,"shesaid.

Fortunately,aSTEMResearchGrantfromtheSocietyforScience&thePublichasallowed

Shawntobuymuch-neededequipment.Sofarthisyear,shehassupported24studentsasthey

completedprojectstopresentatsciencefairs—threetimesthepreviousnumberofstudents.

“Withoutthegrant,Iwouldnothavehadthefreedomtobuytheequipmentneeded,nShawnsaid.

“Thegranthasdirectlyinfluencedabout20sciencefairprojectsthatwouldotherwisenotbeavailable.It

alsoprovidesopportunitiesthisyearforabout40students,andwillexpandinthenextfewmonthsas

mystudentsshowwhattheyaredoingtoelementaryandmiddleschoolstudents,encouragingmore

studentstocarryouthands-onscientificinquiry,“Shawnsaid.

TheSTEMResearchGrantalsoallowedShawntobuymaterialsforagroupofstudentstobuilda

drone（无人机）.^Withoutthesematerials,wewouldnothavebeenabletobuildadrone,and

wouldn'thavehadaproject.Theinfluencehasbeenhuge.Withthesematerials,wehavebeenableto

createamachinethatwillbeabletoflyautomatically（自动地）.Weareproudofit,Mthestudents

explained.

ThegrantmayhavedirectlyaffectedtheseyoungscientistswhiletheystudyatTCWilliamsHigh

School,butitsimpactintheirliveswon'tendthere.ManywillgoontostudySTEMsubjectsincollege,

includingthestudentswhobuiltthedroneandwhoplanonbecomingengineers.

1.Whatdifficultydothestudentshaveindoingsciencefairprojects?

A.Theyareshortofmoney.

B.Theylackprofessionalguidance.

C.Theydon'tgetthesupportoftheschool.

D.Theydon'thaveconfidenceaftermanyfailures.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“grant"inParagraph4mostprobablymean?

A.Money.B.Interest.

C.Agreement.D.Equipment.

3.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordHitnrefertoinParagraph5?

A.Thedrone.B.Theinfluence.

C.Theproject.D.Thegrant.

4.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A.Howtobecomeanengineer.

B.Howtochooseasuitableuniversity.

C.Thedifferentchoicesofstudentsafterhighschool.

D.Thegreatinfluenceofdoingscienceprojectsatschool.

（二）

A

Manyanimalsrecognizetheirfoodbecausetheyseeit.Sodohumans.Whenyouseeanappleora

pieceofchocolateyouknowthatthesearethingsyoucaneat.Youcanalsouseothersenseswhenyou

chooseyourfood.Youmaylikeitbecauseitsmellsgoodorbecauseittastesgood.Youmaydislike

sometypesoffoodbecausetheydonotlook,smellortasteverynice.Differentanimalsusedifferent

sensestofindandchoosetheirfood.Afewanimalsdependononlyoneoftheirsenses,whilemost

animalsusemorethanonesense.

Althoughtherearemanydifferenttypesoffood,someanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonlyone

type.Thegiantpandaeatsonlyoneparticulartypeofbamboo.Otheranimalseatonlyonetypeoffood

evenwhengiventhechoice.Akindofwhitebutterflywillstayontheleavesofacabbage,eventhough

thereareplentyofothervegetablesinthegarden.However,mostanimalshaveamorevarieddiet（多

样化饮食）.Thebeareatsfruitsandfish.Thefoxeatssmallanimals,birdsandfruits.Thedietofthese

animalswillbedifferentdependingontheseason.

Humanshaveaveryvarieddiet.Weofteneatfoodbecausewelikeitandnotbecauseitisgoodfor

us.IncountriessuchasFranceandBritain,peopleeatfoodswithtoomuchsugar.Thismakesthem

overweight,whichisbadfortheirhealth.Eatingtoomuchredmeatandanimalproducts,suchas

butter,canalsobebadforthehealth.Choosingtherightfood,therefore,hasbecomeanareaof

studyinmodernlife.

1.WecaninferfromParagraph1thathumansandanimals

A.dependonthesamesenseinchoosingfood

B.choosefoodbytheirlookandsmell

C.choosefoodinsimilarways

D.eatentirelydifferentfood

2.Whatanimaleatsonlyonetypeoffood?

A.Thewhitebutterfly.B.Thesmallbird.

C.Thebear.D.Thefox.

3.Whenwillanimalschangetheirchoiceoffood?

A.Theseasonchanges.

B.Thefoodcolorchanges.

C.Theymovetodifferentplaces.

D.Theyareattractedbydifferentsmells.

4.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.FrenchandBritishfoodisgood.

B.Foodischosenforagoodreason.

C.Somepeoplehavefewchoicesoffood.

D.Somepeoplecarelittleabouthealthydiet.

B

Humanbeingsuseanimalsforawidevarietyofpurposes,includingresearch.Bystudyinganimals,

itispossibletolearninformationthatcannotbelearnedinanyotherway.Animalsareusedinresearch

whenthereisaneedtofindoutwhathappensinthewholelivingbody.Therearefourmainreasons

whyanimalsareusedinresearch.

Addingtoscientificknowledgethroughbasicbiologicalresearchhelpsusunderstandhowliving

thingswork,andusethatunderstandingforthebenefitofbothhumansandanimals.Thestudyof

animalsisanimportantpartofthewholeresearchprocess.Thebodiesofanimalsarelikehumans,in

thewaythattheyperformmanyimportantfunctionssuchasbreathing,movement,sight,andhearing.

Totreatdisease,doctorsandscientistsmustunderstandhowthehealthybodyworks.

Humansandanimalssharehundredsoilinesses,soanimalscanactasmodelsforthestudyof

humanillness.Forexample,rabbitssufferfromemphysema（肺气肿），alungproblemthatmakes

ithardtocatchtheirbreath.Dogssufferfromcancer,bleedingdisordersandsoon.Catssufferfrom

someofthesamevisionlossashumans.Fromsuchmodelswelearnhowdiseaseaffectsthebodyand

more.

Onceresearcherslearnmoreaboutaparticulardisease,animalsareusedtodevelopandtestthe

treatments.Forexample,medicinesforParkinson'sdiseasehavebeendevelopedbyusinganimal

modelswithParkinson*s-likesymptoms（症状）.Modelssuchastheseareanimportantpartofusing

biologicalresearchtosolverealmedicalproblems.

Newmedicinesneedtestingbecauseresearchersmusttestboththebeneficialandtheharmful

effectsofamedicineonalivingbody.Amedicinemustbetestedinasuitableanimalmodelbefore

clinicaltrials（临床试验）inhumanscantakeplace.

5.AccordingtoParagraph2,whyareanimalsusedinresearch?

A.Theymaybehealthierthanhumans.

B.Theirbodiesaresimplerthanhumans,.

C.Theymayhavethesamediseasesashumans.

D.Theirbodiesarelikehumans1inmanyfunctions.

6.HowdoestheauthorsupporthisstatementinParagraph3?

A.Bylistingfigures.

B.Bygivingexamples.

C.Bycomparinghumanswithanimals.

D.Byshowingsomeresearchfindings.

7.TheauthormentionsParkinson'sdiseaseto__.

A.introduceanewdiscoveryofmedicine

B.provethatanimalshavethesamedisease

C.explainhowtouseanimalsfortestingnewmedicines

D.givesmoreinformationaboutParkinson'ssymptoms

8.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Testinganewmedicineonanimalsisamust.

B.Notallnewmedicinescanbetestedinanimals.

C.Newmedicinesmustbefirsttestedinanimalmodels.

D.Notallmedicineshavebothbeneficialandharmfuleffects.

（三）

A

ASouthKoreanmanandthe21ducklingshehasbeenraisingashischildreneversincethey

hatchedhavebeenbreakingtheinternetwiththeiramazingbond.Avideothatrecentlywentviralinthe

westernworldshowsthecutebirdsfollowingtheir“mother“onamountainhikeandlisteningtohisevery

command（指令）.

Themiddle-agedman,whosenameisnotrevealedinthevideo,hasbeentakingcareofhis21

ducklingseversincetheywereeggs,makingsuretheincubation（孵化）periodwentsmoothly,and

evenhelpingthetinybirdsbreakthroughtheirshellwhenitcametimetohatch.Hewasthefirstthing

theylaideyesoninthisworld,andhehasremainedthemostimportantfigureintheirlivessince.

Ducklingsnaturallyfollowtheirmotheraround,andsincethemanwastheonewhoactedastheir

mother,thesebirdsfollowhimeverywhere,evenupamountain.Tothemifsonlynatural,butthe

middle-agedmanconsidersittrainingandconditioningforthetimewhenhefinallyreleases（释放）

themintothewild.Hewouldlovetoraisethemallaspets,butknowsthatwouldn'tbeidealforhimor

thebirds,sohe'smakingsurethattheyarestrongenoughtosurviveinthewild.

Thevideoshowstheducksfollowingthemiddle-agedmanashehikesupamountainoutside

Seoul,stoppingwheneverhedoesandrefusingtofollowanyoneelse,eveniftheygivethesame

“let'sgoncommandtheirhumanmotherdoes.Unlesstheyhearhisvoiceandseehimmoving,they

don'tbudge.Ifsactuallyquiteremarkable.Imean,ifsonethingtoseedogsactinglikethis,but

ducklings?Thafssomethingelse.

Whileifsnotclearwhatthemandoesforaliving,I'mprettysurehehasalotofexperiencewith

ducks,asatonepointherevealsacert币catefor“fatherofducklings"dated2005.

1.Whatcanwelearnfromthevideo?

A.Theducklingsjustbrokethroughtheirshells.

B.Themanaccidentallysavedsomeducklings.

C.Theducklingsjustobeyedthemannaturally.

D.Themantookprideinhisducklings.

2.Whafstheman*spurposeofraisingtheducklings?

A.Tomakealivingbyperforming.

B.Tofilmavideotoattractattention.

C.Tofreethemintothewildoneday.

D.Tomakeacontributiontoabirdreserve.

3.Whatwordcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“budge”inParagraph4?

A.Stop.B.Move.

C.End.D.Fight.

4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A."Father"and,,MotherHofCutePets

B.ManRaisesDucklingsasHis“Children”

C.DucklingsAlsoRegardedasGoodPets

D.AmazingBondbetweenManandAnimals

B

Britishscientistshavediscoveredthev^llowtreesplantedatanangle（角度）couldincrease

sugarsforbiofuelproduction.

Willowisfast-growing.Itisalreadyusedtoproducefuelsfortherenewableheatingandpower

market.Infutureitcouldalsohelptoproducebiofueltopowervehicles.Ithasbeenknownthatwhen

willowsgrowinginthewildareblownsidewaystheyproducemoresugars.Butforawhileithasnot

beenknownwhythishappens.

ResearchersatImperialCollegeLondon,ledbyDryNicholasBreretonandDryMichaelRayofthe

DepartmentofLifeSciences,havenowsolvedthemystery.Whenthetreeisblownsideways,its

genes（基因）producelargenumbersofsugarmolecules（分子）tostraightenthetreeupwards.

“Thisisanimportantbreakthrough.Ourstudynowshowsthatnaturalgeneticchangesarerelated

tothesedifferences.Andthiscouldwellbethekeytounlockingthefutureforgreenenergyfromwillow,'

saidDryBrereton.

Theresearchwascarriedoutunderlabconditions.Thewillowsweregrownatanangleof45

degrees.Theywerecomparedtowillowswhichgrownaturallystraightupwards.Theteamthenlooked

forthesameeffectamongthewillowsgrowingontheIsleofOrkneywherestrongwindscausethetrees

tobendatextremeangles.TheydiscoveredthattheOrkneytreesproducefivetimestheamountof

sugarsfoundinwillowsgrowninshelteredconditions.

WillowiswidelyplantedacrosstheUK.Theresultsshowthatbiofuelcropssuchaswillowscould

begrowninclimaticallychallengingconditionswherechancesofgrowingfoodcropsarelimited.

ThestudyispublishedinBiotechnologyforBiofuels.

5.Whatmayhappenwhenwillowsareplantedinstrongwinds?

A.Theywillstopgrowing.

B.Theyw川growsideways.

C.Fewsugarswillbeproduced.

D.Changesingeneswilltakeplace.

6.WhatcanwelearnfromthetextabouttheOrkneywillows?

A.Theyareunusuallyrichinsugars.

B.Theygrownaturallystraightupwards.

C.Theylooktallerthanordinarywillows.

D.Theyarestrongerthanthosegrowinginlabs.

二、选词填空

用方框里单词的正确形式填空，使其句意完整。有两个词是多余的。

rustformreactelectricityfacilityaim

floatliquid