关于经济的英语单词

关于经济的英语单词

ruraleconomics农村经济liberaleconomy自由经济mixedeconomy混合经济politicaleconomy政治经济

学protectionism保护主义autarchy闭关自守

economist经济学家

socialisteconomy社会主义经济capitalisteconomy资本主义经济collectiveeconomy集体经

济plannedeconomy计划经济controlledeconomy管制经济primarysector初级成分

privatesector私营成分，私营部门publicsector公共部门，公共成分economicchannels经济渠

道economicbalance经济平衡economicfluctuation经济波动economicdepression经济衰

退economicstability经济稳定economicpolicy经济政策economicrecovery经济复原understanding约

定concentration集中

holdingcompany控股公司trust托拉斯cartel卡特尔

rateofgrowth增长

economictrend经济趋势economicsituation经济形势infrastructure基本建设

standardofliving生活标准，生活水平purchasingpower,buyingpower购买力scarcity短

缺

stagnation停滞，萧条，不景气underdevelopment不发达underdeveloped不发达的developing发展中

的

国民生产总值GNP(GrossNationalProduct)

人均国民生产总值perc叩itaGNP

产值outputvalue

鼓励giveincentiveto

投入input

宏观控制exercisemacro-control

优化经济结构optimizetheeconomicstructure

输入活力bringvigorinto

改善经济环境improveeconomicenvironment

整顿经济秩序rectifyeconomicorder

有效地控制通货膨胀effectivelycontrolinflation

非公有成分non-publicsectors

主要成分dominantsector

实在的tangible

全体会议plenarysession

解放生产力liberate/unshackle/releasetheproductiveforces

引入歧途leadonetoablindalley

举措move

实事求是seektruthfromfacts

引进、输入importation

和平演变peacefulevolution

试一下haveago(atsth.)

精华、精粹、实质quintessence

家庭联产责任承包制family-contractresponsibilitysystem

搞活企业invigorateenterprises

商品经济commodityeconomy

基石cornerstone

零售retail

发电量electricenergyproduction

有色金属nonferrousmetals

人均收入percapitaincome

使负担besaddledwith

营业发达的公司goingconcerns

被兼并或挤掉annexedorforcedoutofbusiness

善于接受的receptive

增额、增值、增长increment

发展过快excessivegrowth

抽样调查datafromthesamplesurvey

扣除物价上涨部分priceincreasearededucted（excluded）

实际增长率actualgrowthrate

国际收支internationalbalanceofpayments

流通制度circulationsystem

总工资totalwages

分配形式formsofdistribution

风险资金riskfunds

管理不善poormanagement

一个中心、两个基本点onecentraltaskandtwobasicpoints

以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则（1）社会主义道路（2）党的领导（3）人民民主专政（4）马列主

义

毛泽东思想、坚持改革开放

thecentraltaskreferstoeconomicconstructionandtwobasicpointsarethefourcardinal

principles-adherencetothesocialistroad,toCommunistPartyleadership,tothepeople's

democraticdictatorshipandtoMarxism-LeninismandMaoZedongThought-andpersistingin

reformandopening.

改革是“社会主义制度的自我完善和自我发展北

Reformis"theself-perfectionandself-developmentofthesocialistsystem."

我们辨别的标准是看这样做是否有利于发展社会主义的生产力，是否有利于增强社会主义国家的综合国

力，

是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。

Thecriterionforourjudgementiswhetherthemovefacilitatesthedevelopmentofsocialist

productiveforces,whetherithelpsincreasetheoverallnationalstrengthofasocialist

country,andwhetheritbringsaboutbetterlivingstandards.

社会主义的最终目标是解放生产力，消灭剥削，消除贫富两极分化，最终达到共同富裕。

Themaingoalsofsocialismaretheliberationanddevelopmentofproductiveforces,the

eliminationofexploitationandpolarizationbetweentherichandthepoorandthefinal

achievementofcommonprosperity.

要人们警惕右和“左”的影响，特别是“左”的根深蒂固的影响。

towarnpeopleoftheinfluenceofboththeRightandthe"Left"deviations,particularly

ofthedeep-rooted"Left"influence.

中国要警惕右，但更要防“左二

ChinaneedstobevigilantagainsttheRightdeviation,butprimarily,itshouldguard

againstthe"Left"deviation.

资本主义和社会主义并不是以计划经济和市场的多少来划分的。

Socialismandcapitalismarenotdistinguishedbytheproportionofplannedandmarketeconomy.随着改革的深

化，国家指令性计划的范围将会缩小，而市场调节的范围将会扩大。

Asthereformfurtherdevelops,thescopeformandatorystateplanswillbenarrowed,

whilethescopeformarketforceswillbeenlarged.

初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制。

toestablishatapreliminarylevelanewsystemofsocialistplannedcommodityeconomy.

各尽所能，按劳/需分配。

fromeachaccordingtohisability,toeachaccordingtohiswork/needs.

经济结构改革。

reformineconomicstructure

剩余劳动力。surpluslabor

经营机制

operativemechanism

发挥市场的调节作用

togiveplaytotheregulatoryroleofthemarket

经济和法律的杠杆

economicandlegalleverages

经济计划和市场调节相结合

tocombineeconomicplanningwithmarketregulation

计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制

amechanismthatcombinesplannedeconomyandmarketregulation

取消国家对农产品的统购统销

tocancelthestate'smonopolyonthepurchaseandmarketingofagriculturalproducts

改革重点转移到城市

thefocusofreformisshiftedtothecities

国家的根本任务是，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设

Thebasictaskofthenationistoconcentrateitseffortsonsocialistmodernization.

逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。

tomodernizethecountry'sindustry,agriculture,nationaldefenceandscienceandtechn

ologystepbysteptoturnChinaintoastrongandprosperoussocialistcountrywitha

highlevelofcultureanddemocracy.

社会主义经济制度的基础是生产资料的社会主义公有制，即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。

Thebasisofthesocialisteconomicsystemissocialistpublicownershipofthemeans

ofproduction,namely,ownershipbythewholepeopleandcollectiveownershipbythe

workingpeople.

国有经济，即社会主义全民所有制经济，是国民经济中的主导力量。

Thestateeconomyisthesectorofsocialisteconomyunderownershipbythewholepeople;

itistheleadingforceinthenationaleconomy.

国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展。

Thestateensurestheconsolidationandgrowthofthestateeconomy.

农业farming

林业forestry

畜牧业animalhusbandry

副业sidelineproduction

渔业fishing

第一产业primaryindustry

第二产业secondaryindustry

第三产业tertiaryindustry

生产资料meansofproduction

生活资料meansoflivelihood/subsistence

生产关系relationsofproduction

生产力productiveforces

公有制publicownership

私有制privateownership

全民所有缶ownershipbytheentire/wholepeople

社会主义集体所有制socialistcollectiveownership

厉行节约，反对浪费topracticestricteconomyandcombatwaste

外资企业foreign-fundedenterprise

合资企业jointventure

合作企业cooperativeenterprise

独资企业whollyforeignowned/fundedenterprise

亚洲金融危机financialcrisisinAsia

沿海经济开发区opencoastaleconomicarea

养老保险endowmentinsurance

养老金pension养路费roadtoll

以产定人，减员增效

employworkersinaccordancewithproductionneedsandincreaseefficiencywhilereducingthestaff

异地资金汇戈fundremittancebetweendifferentplaces

一个中心，两个基本点onecentraltask,twobasicpoints

以公有制为主体，多种经济成分共同发展

thepatternwiththepublicsectorremainingdominantanddiverse

sectorsoftheeconomydevelopingsidebyside一级市场primarymarket

溢价premium

溢价发行债券（以超过票面金额价发行债券）issueofbondsatapremium

以经济建设为中心focusingonthecentraltaskofeconomicconstruction

一揽子（计划）one-package（plan）

——揽子贝勾买lump-sumpurchase;basketpurchase

以人为本peopleoriented;peopleforemost

以上海浦东开发开放为龙头，进一步开放长江沿岸城市openmorecitiesalong

theYangtzeRiver,whileconcentratingonthedevelopmentandopeningof

thePudongAreaofShanghai

隐性4攵入invisibleincome;off-payrollincome;sidemoney

以质量求生存、求发展、求效益”

striveforsurvival,developmentandefficiencyonthebasisofquality"

以质量求发展strategyofdevelopmentthroughquality;winthemarketwith

qualityproducts

以资证明inwitnesswhereof;intestimonythereofE[]花税stampduty/tax

隐性就业unregisteredemployment

隐形牧人invisibleincome;off-payrollincome隐性失业recessiveunemployment嬴利能

力profitability

营专肖管理marketingmanagement营业税turnovertax;businesstax

永久正常贸易关系permanentnormaltradingrelations(PNTR)

优化结构optimizestructure

优化经济结构optimizetheeconomicstructure

优化资源配置optimizetheallocationofresources

优化组合optimizationgrouping;optionalregrouping优惠贷款loansonfavorableterms有机农

业organicagriculture优胜劣汰survivalofthefittest

优势互补(oftwocountriesorcompanies)havecomplementaryadvantages

幼稚工业infantindustry

游资idlemoney/fund;floatingcapital

与国际惯例接轨becomecompatiblewithinternationallyacceptedpractices与国际市场接

轨integratewiththeworldmarket;becomeintegratedintotheglobalmarket

预算外收入extra-budgetaryrevenue预算外支出off-budgetexpenditure

远景规划perspectivelong-termplan

远景计戈long-termdevelopmenttargets远期合同forwardcontract

原始资本originalcapital再贷款re-lending;subloan

在孵(孵化器)jfelkincubatedenterprises(incubator)

再就业服务中心re-employmentservicecenter

再就业工程re-employmentproject/program

宰(客)toswindlemoneyoutofourcustomers在途资金fundinfloat

增发股票increaseissuesinstocks

增加信任，减少麻烦，发展合作，不搞对抗

enhancetrust,reducetrouble,developcooperationandavoidconfrontation

造假帐falsifiedaccounts增值税valueaddedtax(VAT)渣打银行TheCharteredBank债台高

筑becomedebt-ridden债转股debt-to-equityswap招标inviteabid

招标投标制thesystemofpublicbiddingforproject招股说明书prospectus

招商局ChinaMerchantsSteamNavigationCo.Ltd.(ChinaMerchants)招商引

资attract/bidfor/inviteinvestments(fromoverseas)朝阳产业sunriseindustry折旧

费depreciationcharge

折衷方案acompromiseproposal振兴经济revitalizetheeconomy

政策性贷款policy-basedlending;policy-relatedloan

政策性亏损policy-relatedlosses;lossesincurredduetopolicydecisions政策银

行policybanks

政府采购governmentprocurement

政府搭台，部门推动，企业唱戏

"Governmentssetupthestage,variousdepartmentscooperateandenterpriseputintheshow

政府干预governmentintervention

政企不分

withoutaclearlinebetweenthefunctionsofthegovernmentandenterprises;thefunctionsofthegovernmen

tandenterprisesmixedup

政企分开separategovernmentfunctionsfromenterprisemanagement

证券化securitisation

证券监督管理委员会securitiessupervisioncommission

证券营业部stockexchange;securityexchange支付能力paymentcapacity

直接三通与双向交流

threedirectlinks(mail,airandshippingservicesandtrade)andbilateralexchanges

质量管理qualitycontrol

质量认证体系认证证书certificateofthesystemofqualitycertification

知识产权intellectualproperty

知识经济knowledge-basedeconomy

知识经济"knowledgeeconomy,knowledge-baseeconomy"

直专肖directmarketing;door-to-doorsale滞销商品unmarketablegoods

制止外汇流失preventforeignexchangeflight

中关村科技园区ZhongguancunScienceandTechnologyPark

中国出口商品交易会(广交会)ChinaExportCommoditiesFair(GuangzhouFair)中国经济景气监测中

心ChinaEconomicMonitoringCenter中国新经济峰会ChinaNewEconomySummit

耳口国证监会China'sSecuritiesRegulatoryCommission

重合同、守信用的原则

theprincipleofequalityandmutualbenefitand“honoringcontractsadnstandingbyreputation

重合同，守信用abidebycontractsandkeepone'swords

《中华人民共和国消费者权益保护法》

LawofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaontheProtectionof

Consumers'RightsandInterests

中华人民共和国渔政渔港监督管理局

AdministrationofFisheryandFishingHarborSupervisionofthePRC

股票的)中签winthelotforIPO(股票的)中签率lotwinningrate

中央大型企业工委CentralWorkCommitteeforLargeEnterprises中央经济工作会

议theCentralEconomicWorkingConference中央商务区centralbusinessdistrict(CBD)

注册会计师certificatedpublicaccountant(CPA)注册资本registeredcapital

主体经济themainstayoftheeconomy

抓大放小，三改一加强(Effortswerefocusedon)thereform,

reorganization,upgradingandbettermanagementofenterprises,

aimingatwellmanaginglargeenterpriseswhileadoptingmore

flexiblepolicies