新概念英语第四册Lesson+2+Spare+that+spider

新概念英语第四册Lesson2SparethatspiderLesson2

Sparethatspider不要伤害蜘蛛Howmuchofeachyeardospidersspendkilling1insects?Why,youmaywonder,shouldspidersbeourfriends?Becausetheydestroysomanyinsects,andinsectsincludesomeofthegreatestenemiesofthehumanrace.Insectswouldmakeitimpossibleforustoliveintheworld;theywoulddevour2allourcropsandkillourflocksandherds3,ifitwerenotfortheprotectionwegetfrominsect-eatinganimals.Weowealottothebirdsandbeastswhoeatinsectsbutallofthemputtogetherkillonlyafractionofthenumberdestroyedbyspiders.Moreover,unlikesomeoftheotherinsecteaters,spidersneverdotheharmtousorourbelongings4.Spidersarenotinsects,asmanypeoplethink,norevennearlyrelatedtothem.Onecantellthedifferencealmostataglance,foraspideralwayshaseightlegsandinsectnevermorethansix.Howmanyspidersareengagedinthisworknoourbehalf?Oneauthorityonspidersmadeacensus5ofthespidersingrassfieldinthesouthofEngland,andheestimatedthatthereweremorethan2,250,000inoneacre;thatissomethinglike6,000,000spidersofdifferentkindsonafootballpitch.Spidersarebusyforatleasthalftheyearinkillinginsects.Itisimpossibletomakemorethanthewildestguessathowmanytheykill,buttheyarehungrycreatures,notcontentwithonlythreemealsaday.IthasbeenestimatedthattheweightofalltheinsectsdestroyedbyspidersinBritaininoneyearwouldbegreaterthanthetotalweightofallthehumanbeingsinthecountry.NewwordsandexpressionsBeastn.野兽Censusn.统计数字Acren.英亩Contentadj.满足的课堂笔记Newwordsandexpressions生词短语flocksandherds牛群和羊群／flCk/thebirdsofthesamefeatherflocktogether.物以类聚，人以群分youarethesameflock.也可指人herd多指牛群cowherdcowboythrongandcrowdswarm6owe/[U/vt.感激欠ioweyou.ioweyouabigfavor.欠issueobligeindebtappreciate----常用口语词正式：gratefulthankfulbeast/bi:st/n兽形容人野蛮无比，不能用animal形容creature可以指小孩，女人，不用于男性．fraction/＇frAkF[n/n.小部分分数，小数afractionofricewillsufficebeast/bi:st/n兽形容人野蛮无比，不能用animal形容creature可以指小孩，女人，不用于男性．fraction/＇frAkF[n/n.小部分分数，小数afractionofricewillsufficeonone＇sbehalf代表．．．利益Ibeatyouonyourbehalf.我打你是为你好onbehalfofsomebody/somethinge.gonbehalfofchinesegovernmentonbehalfof＝representauthority/C:＇WCriti/n.权威authorize7批准authoritative8权威性的authoritarian9独裁的－tarian带有这种词缀的词都是坏词dictator独裁者dictatorial独裁的authorities１．权威（可单数可复数）２．当局（复数）census/sens[s/n.统计数据thefifthnationalpopulationcensus.censor10审查censorious挑剔的，挑刺的acre/＇eik[/n.英亩１acre＝４０４７squaremetersfootballpitch足球场footballyardfootballcourtfootballfieldbecontentwith满足于满足作表语，不能出现定语结构Heiscontentwithstatusquo.contented11heart:心满意足的人spare/spZ[/v.不伤害，宽恕sparemeHedoesn’tsparehimself.Isparenoeffortstolearnenglish.(sparenoefforts:不遗余力作什么)Notesonthetext课文注释why,youmaywonder－youmaywonderwhy插入语先不管插入语，弄清句子结构youmaywonderwhyspidersshouldbeourfriends？插入语位置不固定why以疑问句开头why,youmaywonder,theproblemofpollutionbefallshumanbeings.why,youmaywonder,oneofmyfriendsissokindhearted.destroy程度比damage要重得多，片甲不留，消灭光tearintopiecesdearenemygreatestenemies:天敌dyingenemycryingenemyhumanrace:人的种族，一般不加复数，表示一个总称词impossible和possible永远不要以人开头Itisimpossibleforsomebodytodosomething.likely可以以人做主语。iamlikelytogo.probable也不以人做主语theywould表示假设devour狼吞虎咽devourthefoodmakeacakeofmyselfmakeagodofmyselfdevourthebookit虚拟语气前面是主句，下面是条件句前面一般的加动词devour,后面用一般过去时前面一般的加动词devour,后面用一般过去时Ifitwerenotfor:如果这不是因为Iwouldnotsurviveifitwerenotforhistimelyhelp.butfor一定是虚拟语气＝ifitwerenotforowe感激，欠ioweyou.引出主题allofthemputtogether:把他们堆到一起destroyed后置定语，重心转到spider谓语动词是kill1killing

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财参考例句：Investorsaresettomakeakillingfromthesell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。LastweekmybrothermadeakillingonWallStreet.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。2devour

v.吞没；贪婪地注视或谛听，贪读；使着迷参考例句：Largerfishdevourthesmallerones.大鱼吃小鱼。Beautyisbutaflowerwhichwrinklewilldevour.美只不过是一朵，终会被皱纹所吞噬。3herds

兽群(herd的名词复数)；牧群；人群；群众参考例句：Regularlyatdaybreaktheydrivetheirherdstothepasture.每天天一亮他们就把牲畜赶到草场上去。Therewesawherdsofcowsgrazingonthepasture.我们在那里看到一群群的牛在草地上吃草。3herds

兽群(herd的名词复数)；牧群；人群；群众参考例句：Regularlyatdaybreaktheydrivetheirherdstothepasture.每天天一亮他们就把牲畜赶到草场上去。Therewesawherdsofcowsgrazingonthepasture.我们在那里看到一群群的牛在草地上吃草。4belongings

n.私人物品，私人财物参考例句：Iputafewpersonalbelongingsinabag.我把几件私人物品装进包中。Yourpersonalbelongingsarenotdutiable.个人物品不用纳税。5census

n.(官方的)人口调查，人口普查参考例句：Acensusofpopulationistakeneverytenyears.人口普查每10年进行一次。Thecensusistakenonetimeeveryfouryearsinourcountry.我国每四年一次人口普查。6swarm

n.(昆虫)等一大群；vi.成群飞舞；蜂拥而入参考例句：Thereisaswarmofbeesinthetree.这树上有一窝蜜蜂。Aswarmofantsaremovingbusily.一群蚂蚁正在忙碌地搬家。7authorize

v.授权，委任；批准，认可参考例句：Hesaidthatheneededtogethissupervisortoauthorizemyrefund.他说必须让主管人员批准我的退款。OnlythePresidentcouldauthorizetheuseoftheatomicbomb.只有总统才能授权使用原子弹。8authoritative

adj.有权威的，可相信的；命令式的；官方的参考例句：Davidspeaksinanauthoritativetone.大卫以命令的口吻说话。Hersmilewaswarmbutauthoritative.她的笑容很和蔼，同时又透着威严。9authoritarian

n./adj.专制(的)，专制主义者，独裁主义者参考例句：Foreigndiplomatssuspecthimofauthoritariantendencies.各国外交官怀疑他有着独裁主义倾向。Theauthoritarianpolicywasn'tprovedtobeasuccess.独裁主义的政策证明并不成功。10censor

n./vt.审查，审查员；删改参考例句：Thefilmhasnotbeenviewedbythecensor.这部影片还未经审查人员审查。Theplaywasbannedbythecensor.该剧本被查禁了。11contented