湖南省长沙市一中双语实验学校2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

2023-2024-2一中双语八下期末考试英语注意事项：1、答题前，请考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号、考室和座位号；2、必须在答题卡上答题，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效；3、答题时，请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示；4、请勿折叠答题卡，保持字体工整、笔迹清晰、卡面清洁;5、答题卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸；6、本学科试卷中听力材料以中速朗读两遍。试卷分四个部分，61小题，时量100分钟，满分100分。I．听力（共两节，满分20分）略II．阅读（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共11小题；每小题2分，满分22分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。A~VOLUNTEERROLES~★TreeplantersVolunteerwithForestLondontoplanttreesinparksandnaturalareasinthespringandfall.Time:Usually3to4hoursontheweekends.Training:Notrainingisrequired.We’llteachyouhowtoplantatreeatthestartofeachplantingevent,sopleasearriveontime.★StorytellersIfyouareagoodwriterandliketotakephotos,wehaveajobforyou.Youcanbeourstoryteller!Youwillattendoureventsandtakephotos,interviewothervolunteersandwritestories.Wewillputyourworkonourwebsite.Time:Usually2hoursateventstocollectinformationandpictures,plusadditionaltimetowritestoriesanduploadpictures.Youneedtowriteatleasttwostoriesperyear.Training:Onehourofbasictraining.1.Whendotreeplantersneedtowork?A.Inthespringandsummer. B.Inthesummerandfall. C.Inthespringandfall.2.Whatdostorytellersneedtodo?①takephotos②writestories③planttrees④interviewpeopleA.①②④ B.②③④ C.①②③3.Whatisthewriter’smainpurposeofthisarticle?A.TothankForestLondonvolunteers.B.Totalkabouttheimportanceofvolunteering.C.ToshowopenvolunteerpositionsatForestLondon.【答案】1.C2.A3.C【解析】【导语】本文是志愿者职位的信息。【1题】细节理解题。根据“VolunteerwithForestLondontoplanttreesinparksandnaturalareasinthespringandfall.”可知需要在春天和秋天工作，故选C。【2题】细节理解题。根据“Youwillattendoureventsandtakephotos,interviewothervolunteersandwritestories.”可知将参加我们的活动，拍照，采访其他志愿者，并撰写故事。故选A。【3题】主旨大意题。本文是志愿者职位的信息。故选C。BAreyoutroubledbyhousework,suchascleaningtablesortidyingyourroom?Anewrobotisheretohelp!Now,therobotMobileAlohamadebyscientistsatStanfordUniversityintheUSbecomespopularonline.Inthevideos,wecanseetherobotpreparingdishesbyitself,fromcuttingvegetablestocracking(打破)eggs.It’salsogoodatwateringplants,pettingcats,cleaningthefloorandwashingclothes.Soundsgood?Well,anothervideomayletsomepeopledown—MobileAlohaisn’tgoodatdoinghouseworkonitsown.Instead,itlearnsfromhumanactionsbeforedoingeachkindofhousework.Whenthesituationchanges,itcan’tworkwellwithoutahuman“teaching”it.Soitmaybreakdishes,bumpinto(撞上)thingsandevenburnapot.“Therobotcansuccessfullymovechairs80percentofthetime.”saidtheteamaftertheydidmorestudiesonit.“Forcookingdishes,it’sonly40percent.Inshort,it’sfarfromperfect.”Infact,AIrobotsaregoodattaskssuchasmathandplayingchess,buttheywillbeintroublewhenitcomestosimpleractionslikecleaning.Andit’sthesameforMobileAloha.Forexample,ifitsbodydoesn’tmovecorrectly,evenjustwithasmalldeviation(偏差),itsarmmaymovetoofartopickupaglass.“Robotsarenotreadytotakeovertheworld,”theteamsaid.4.WherewastherobotMobileAlohamade?A.InChina. B.IntheUK. C.IntheUSA.5.WhatdoweknowabouttherobotMobileAloha?A.Itisgoodatdoinghomework.B.Itcanwatertheflowers.C.Ithardlylearnsfromhumanactionsbeforedoinghousework.6.WhichisTUREaccordingtothepassage?A.Therobotcanalwayssuccessfullymovechairs.B.Robotsarepreparedtotakeovertheworld.C.AIrobotsisbetteratplayingchessthancleaning.7.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanwereadthispassage?A.Technology. B.Travel. C.Food.【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机器人MobileAloha可以做很多家务，但是它并不完美，有些事它不能很好地完成。【4题】细节理解题。根据“Now,therobotMobileAlohamadebyscientistsatStanfordUniversityintheUSbecomespopularonline.”可知，MobileAloha这个机器人产于美国，故选C。【5题】细节理解题。根据“Inthevideos,wecanseetherobotpreparingdishesbyitself,fromcuttingvegetablestocracking(打破)eggs.It’salsogoodatwateringplants,pettingcats,cleaningthefloorandwashingclothes.”可知，机器人可以浇植物，所以B选项“它可以浇花。”正确。故选B。【6题】细节理解题。根据“Infact,AIrobotsaregoodattaskssuchasmathandplayingchess,buttheywillbeintroublewhenitcomestosimpleractionslikecleaning.”可知，与打扫相比，AI机器人更擅长下棋，故选C。7题】推理判断题。根据“Anewrobotisheretohelp!Now,therobotMobileAlohamadebyscientistsatStanfordUniversityintheUSbecomespopularonline.”及全文可知，本文介绍了机器人，与技术有关，故选A。CChinacoverslargeareasandhasabigpopulation.Differentlivinghabitshavealwaysbeenaninterestingtopicinthecountry.RecentlyanotherdifferencebetweensouthernChineseandnorthernChinesebecameahotone:thewaypeopleshopatmarkets.PeoplefromsouthernChinasaythattheyalwaysbuywhattheyneedforjustoneortwomeals.ItisnormalforthemtobuyhalfofaChinesecabbagetwopotatoesand0.25kilogramsofbeefatatime.However,__________.Instead,buyingvegetablesandmeatenoughforaweekisusual.Also,youcanbuyasmallamount(数量)offruit,suchasasingleappleorpear,eachtimeinthesouth.Shopownersevenhelpyoupeelandcutthem.Butshopownersinthenorthhardlyoffersuchservice.Andmanyfruitsaresoldinbasketsandboxes.Thedifferencecouldbeduetothedifferentweather.Foodcanbekeptforalongtimeinthenorth,asitisusuallycoldanddrythere.ManynorthernChinesehavethehabitofstoringfood,especiallyforthelongwinter.ButthehotandwetweatherinthesouthmakessouthernChinesebuyjustenoughfoodforonemealoroneday,orelsethefoodmaygobad.8.InsouthernChina,peopleusuallybuy________atatime.A.asmallamountoffoodB.enoughfoodforaweekC.alotofmeatandvegetables9.Whichofthefollowingcanbeputin________?A.northernChinesebuylargeamountsoffoodatatimeB.innorthernChinapeoplegoshoppingonceaweekC.onemaybelaughedatifhedoesthisinthenorth10.ManynorthernChinesehavethehabitofkeepingfoodbecause________.A.foodgoesbadquicklyB.theweatheriscoldanddryC.theylivefarawayfrommarkets11.Theunderlinedphrase“dueto”mean________inChinese.A.由于 B.所以 C.然而【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.A【解析】【导语】本文主要讨论了中国南北方人在市场购物习惯上的差异。【8题】细节理解题。根据“Also,youcanbuyasmallamount(数量)offruit,suchasasingleappleorpear,eachtimeinthesouth.”可知，在中国南方，人们通常一次买少量的食物。故选A。【9题】推理判断题。根据“However”以及“Instead,buyingvegetablesandmeatenoughforaweekisusual.”可知，此处表示转折，描述的是北方人这样做是很让人吃惊的，因此空处应该是“如果一个人在北方这样做，他可能会被嘲笑”。故选C。【10题】细节理解题。根据“Foodcanbekeptforalongtimeinthenorth,asitisusuallycoldanddrythere.”可知，许多中国北方人有保存食物的习惯，因为天气寒冷干燥。故选B。【11题】词义猜测题。根据“Thedifferencecouldbeduetothedifferentweather.”可知，这种差异可能是由于不同的天气。因此划线单词的意思是“由于”。故选A。第二节（共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分）五选四根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有一个选项为多余选项。Whenwegetintomiddleschool,wefindwecaneasilygetangrywithourparentsandthatsometimesweevenarguewiththem.Althoughweknowweloveourparents,sometimeswestillhavedifferentopinions.___12___Ifwehaverecentlyhadafightwithourparents,weshouldtrytocalmdown(冷静)first.___13___Wecangotoourownrooms.Wecansitoutsideorgoforawalk.Takethistimetothinkaboutwhathappensandhowwefeelaboutit.Thiswillgiveustimetodealwith(处理)ourfeelings.___14___Chooseatimewhenwe’reallcalm(冷静).Then,sitdownandtalkabouthowwefeelandwhatweneedfromthem.Sometimeswedon’tthinkourparentscanunderstandusatall.Thismaybetrue,soweneedtotellthemhowwefeelandwhat’sgoingoninourlife.Then,discusswhatweexpect(期待)themtodo.Ofcourse,thecommunicationismutual(相互的).Wecanfindoutwhytheyhavethesedifferentfeelings.___15___Weshouldalsoreplycalmlywhentheysaysomethingthatmakesussad.It’simportantthatweshouldkeepourselvescalm.They’remorelikelytolistentousifwedon’tshoutatthem.A.Thenwecantalkwithourparentsagain.B.Weshouldlistentowhatourparentssay.C.Myparentsgivemealotofpressureaboutschool.D.Wecanspendsometimealonemakingourselvesfeelbetter.E.Thenhowcanwesolvethisproblem?【答案】12.E13.D14.A15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要对亲子关系提出了一些建议和方法。【12题】根据上文“Althoughweknowweloveourparents,sometimeswestillhavedifferentopinions.”可知和父母有分歧，需要解决。选项E“然后我们如何解决这个问题呢?”与之相符。故选E。【13题】根据“Ifwehaverecentlyhadafightwithourparents,weshouldtrytocalmdownfirst”以及“Wecangotoourownrooms.Wecansitoutsideorgoforawalk...”可知，此处指冷静下来的办法，选项D“我们可以花点时间独处，让自己感觉更好。”与之相符。故选D。【14题】根据“Chooseatimewhenwe’reallcalm.Then,sitdownandtalkabouthowwefeelandwhatweneedfromthem.”可知，此段主要讲述冷静之后，再与父母沟通，选项A“然后我们可以再次和父母交谈。”与之相符。故选A。【15题】根据“Ofcourse,thecommunicationismutual.”以及“Weshouldalsoreplycalmlywhentheysaysomethingthatmakesussad.”可知，此段应该是讲我们要去倾听父母，要去明白父母为什么有这样的感受，选项B“我们应该听父母所说的话。”与之相符。故选B。III．语言运用（共两节，满分25分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IstillrememberedthefirstdayImetJane.Whenshewalkedintothe____16____,allthestudentswerevery____17____becausetherewasabigredbirthmark(胎记)onherface.Janedidn’tknowatalleventhoughsomeboysplayedjokesonherandlaughedather.Instead,shewas____18____smiling.Iwondered____19____Janecouldalwaysbesohappy.Sooneday,Iwenttoherand____20____ifsheknewtherewasaredbirthmarkonherface.Sherepliedthatofcoursesheknew.Whenevershelookedinthemirror,shecouldseeit.“Thenhowcanyoulivehappilyallthetime?Don’tyouthinkthemarkmakesyou____21____?Don’tyougethurtbytheboy’swords?”Iasked.“No,actually,themarkmakesmespecial.IalwaystellmyselfthatIhavenowaytodecidewhatIlooklike,butIcandecidewhatIwanttobe.I’mmuch____22____thanthosewhocan’twalkorrunsinceIwasborn.AtleastI’mahealthyperson.AndIthinkit’sthisredmarkthatmakesmemoreoptimistic(乐观).”Janeanswered____23____asmile.Jane’swordsopenedanewworldforme.Atthatmoment,I____24____theworldbetterthanbefore.Shetaughtmethatiftheworldtreatedyoufromabrightway,somebadthingswillbe____25____.Alwaysgivethesmiletolife,andlifewilltreatyoubetter.16.A.school B.classroom C.office17.A.happy B.sad C.surprised18.A.always B.seldom C.sometimes19.A.what B.why C.where20.A.answered B.guessed C.asked21.A.beautiful B.strange C.lovely22.A.warmer B.kinder C.luckier23.A.with B.for C.beside24.A.understood B.missed C.thought25.A.marks B.rules C.gifts【答案】16.B17.C18.A19.B20.C21.B22.C23.A24.A25.C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了一个脸上有胎记的女孩，并没有因此上伤感，反而觉得与众不同。文章告诉我们：以明亮的方式看待世界，一些不好的事情也可以是馈赠。【16题】句意：当她走进教室时，所有的学生都很惊讶，因为她脸上有一个大大的红色的胎记。school学校；classroom教室；office办公室。根据“allthestudentswerevery”可知，此处指走进教室，故选B。【17题】句意：当她走进教室时，所有的学生都很惊讶，因为她脸上有一个大大的红色的胎记。happy开心的；sad难过的；surprised惊讶的。根据“becausetherewasabigredbirthmark(胎记)onherface”可知，看到她脸上的胎记感到惊讶，故选C。【18题】句意：相反，她总是微笑着。always总是；seldom很少；sometimes有时。根据“Janecouldalwaysbesohappy”可知，反而脸上还总是带着微笑，故选A。【19题】句意：我不明白为什么简总是那么快乐。what什么；why为什么；where哪里。根据“Iwondered…Janecouldalwaysbesohappy”可知，不明白她为什么那么快乐，故选B。【20题】句意：所以有一天，我去问她是否知道她脸上有一块红色的胎记。answered回答；guessed猜测；asked询问。根据“ifsheknewtherewasaredbirthmarkonherface”可知，询问是否知道自己脸上有胎记，故选C。【21题】句意：你不觉得这个标记让你很奇怪吗？beautiful美丽的；strange奇怪的；lovely可爱的。根据“Don’tyouthinkthemarkmakesyou”可知，脸上的胎记让她看起来很奇怪，故选B。【22题】句意：我比那些生下来就不会走不会跑的人幸运多了。warmer更暖和的；kinder更善良的；luckier更幸运的。根据“thanthosewhocan’twalkorrun”可知，比不会走或不会跑的人更幸运，故选C。【23题】句意：简带着微笑回答。with带有；for为了；beside除了。根据“Janeanswered…asmile”可知，此处指面带微笑，故选A。【24题】句意：那一刻，我比以前更了解这个世界。understood理解；missed错过；thought认为。根据“theworldbetterthanbefore”可知，比之前更了解这个世界了，故选A。【25题】句意：她教会我，如果这个世界对你很好，有些不好的东西也会变成礼物。marks标志；rules规则；gifts礼物。根据“Shetaughtmethatiftheworldtreatedyoufromabrightway,somebadthingswillbe”可知，不好的事情会变成礼物，故选C。第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。HaveyouheardofOliverTwistorPeterPan?ThesearejustsomeofthecharactersthathavebeencreatedbyBritishwriters.Probably____26____mostfamousBritishwriterwasWilliamShakespeare.____27____thelate1500sandearly1600s,Shakespearewroteplaysthatbecamefamousallovertheworld.Theyarestillverypopulartoday.Someof____28____(he)playswerecomedies,suchasTwelfthNight,othersweretragedies(悲剧),suchasKingLear.Britishpeoplelovereadingstories.Earlystorieswereoftenprintedachapter(章节)atatimeinanewspaper.Peoplewouldhavetogetthe____29____(week)newspaper.Theycan’twaittobuythenewspapereveryweek____30____(read)thewholestory.OneofthemostfamousstoriesOliverTwist,waswrittenbyCharlesDickensatthattime.Therearemanychildren’s____31____(classic)byBritishwriters.Maybeyou____32____(hear)ofsomeofthemsinceyouwereachild.RobertLouisStevensonwrotetheadventurenovelTreasureIsland.J.M.BarriewrotePeterPanandLewisCarrollwroteAlice’sAdventuresinWonderland.DoyouknowateddybearcalledWinniethePooh?ItwascreatedbyA.A.Milne____33____itisstilloneofchildren’sfavoritecharacters.Therearesomanyfamousand____34____(amaze)charactersinBritishplays,novelsandpoetry(诗歌)andreadingcan____35____(real)helpkidsstarttheirjourneyandlearntoenjoythewonderfulworldindifferentbooks.Whynotchoosesometoreadinthecomingvacation?【答案】26.the27.In28.his29.weekly30.toread31.classics32.haveheard33.and34.amazing35.really【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了英国的戏剧、小说和诗歌以及其中的著名人物。【26题】句意：最著名的英国作家可能是威廉·莎士比亚。最高级“mostfamous”前加冠词the，故填the。【27题】句意：在16世纪末和17世纪初，莎士比亚写的剧本在世界各地都很有名。根据“thelate1500sandearly1600s,”可知，在某个世纪介词用in，故填In。【28题】句意：他的一些戏剧是喜剧。此空修饰名词plays，应填形容词性物主代词，故填his。【29题】句意：人们必须买周报此空修饰名词newspaper，应填形容词weekly作定语，故填weekly。30题】句意：他们迫不及待地想每周买一份报纸，看看整个故事。根据“can’twaittobuythenewspapereveryweek…thewholestory.”可知，迫不及待买报纸是为了要看看整个故事，用动词不定式作目的状语，故填toread。【31题】句意：英国作家有许多儿童名著。此空在句中作主语，根据are可知，此空应填复数名词，故填classics。【32题】句意：也许你从小就听说过其中的一些。since+一般过去时的从句，主句用现在完成时have/hasdone的结构，根据you可知，助动词用have，故填haveheard。【33题】句意：它是由A.A.Milne创作的，它仍然是孩子们最喜欢的角色之一。空格前后是并列关系，用and连接，故填and。【34题】句意：英国戏剧、小说和诗歌中有很多著名的、令人惊叹的人物，阅读真的可以帮助孩子们开始他们的旅程，学会在不同的书中享受美好的世界。此空与famous是并列关系，此空应填形容词作定语，修饰物用以ing为结尾的形容词，故填amazing。【35题】句意：英国戏剧、小说和诗歌中有很多著名的、令人惊叹的人物，阅读真的可以帮助孩子们开始他们的旅程，学会在不同的书中享受美好的世界。此空修饰动词help，应填副词really，故填really。IV．读写综合（共两节，满分25分）第一节简答（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）ApopularculturalprogramNationalTreasure(国家宝藏)wasshownonCCTV-3onSundaynight.Inthefirstshow,thepalaceMuseuminBeijingshowedthreetreasure:atonedrum,apaintingandalargevase(花瓶).ThreefamousactorsWangKai,LiChenandTonyLeungplayedrolesofnationaltreasurekeeperswithotheractors,sharingtheirstorieswiththesetreasures.LiChen,whoactedasEmperorHuizongoftheSongDynasty(960-1279),toldthehistoryaboutWangXimeng’sgreatpainting.DuringtheTVshow,theninemainmuseumsinChina–thePalaceMuseum,ShanghaiMuseum,NanjingMuseum,HunanProvincialMuseum,HenanMuseum,ShanxiHistoryMuseum,HubeiProvincialMuseum,ZhejiangProvincialMuseumandLiaoningProvincialMuseum–willeachshowthreenationaltreasures.Asaculturalshow,theNationalTreasurestellsthestoriesofnationaltreasures.Theprogramincludesdifferentkindsofartforms,likedocumentary(纪录片)anddrama(戏剧).Intheshow,nationaltreasurekeeperswillintroduceeachtreasureandtellusthestorieswiththetreasuresandtheirhistoricalmystery(奥秘).36.IsNationalTreasureaculturalprogram?_________________________________________________________37.WhenwasNationalTreasureshownonCCTV-3?__________________________________________________________38.WhatdidthePalaceMuseumshowinthefirstshow?__________________________________________________________39.Howmanymuseumswillshownationaltreasures?__________________________________________________________40.Whowillintroduceeachtreasureintheshow?__________________________________________________________【答案】36.Yes,itis.37.ItwasshownonSundaynight.38.Itshowedthreetreasures,atonedrum,apaintingandalargevase.39.Ninemuseums.40Thenationaltreasurekeepers.【解析】【分析】本文介绍了在CCTV-3热映的综艺节目《国家宝藏》，节目中将会有9个中国主要博物馆展出文物，国宝守护人将向观众讲解宝物背后的故事与历史。【36题】句意：《国家宝藏》是一个文化类节目吗？根据ApopularculturalprogramNationalTreasure(国家宝藏)wasshownonCCTV-3onSundaynight.可知它是文化类节目，故答案应为Yes,itis.【37题】句意：《国家宝藏》节目什么时候再CCTV-3播出？根据ApopularculturalprogramNationalTreasure(国家宝藏)wasshownonCCTV-3onSundaynight.可知它在周日晚上播出，故答案应为ItwasshownonSundaynight.【38题】句意：在第一场节目中故宫展出了什么？根据Inthefirstshow,thepalaceMuseuminBeijingshowedthreetreasures:atonedrum,apaintingandalargevase(花瓶).可知答案应为Itshowedthreetreasures,atonedrum,apaintingandalargevase.【39题】句意：有多少个博物馆将要展出国家宝藏？根据第三段的内容可知DuringtheTVshow,theninemainmuseumsinChina–thePalaceMuseum,ShanghaiMuseum…可知共有9个主要博物馆将会展出宝物，故答案为Ninemuseums。【40题】句意：谁会在节目中介绍每一个宝物？根据Intheshow,nationaltreasurekeeperswillintroduceeachtreasureandtellusthestorieswitht