湖南省长沙市望城区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

2024年上期普通中小学期末质量监测试卷八年级英语（时量：100分钟满分：100分）注意事项：1.答题前，请考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号、考室和座位号；2.必须在答题卡上答题，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效；3.答题时，请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示；4.请勿折叠答题卡，保持字体工整、笔迹清晰、卡面清洁；5.答题卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸；6.本学科试卷中听力材料以中速朗读两遍。试卷分为四个部分，共6页，61小题，时量100分钟，满分100分。第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1.WhatwasthematterwithLily?A.Shehadafever.B.Shehadacough.C.Shehadatoothache.2.Whohelpedtheboydothecleaning?A.Hissister.B.Hisbrother.C.Nobody.3.Wheremaythesetwospeakersbe?A.Inazoo.B.Inamuseum.C.Inacinema.4.Wherewasthemanwhentherainstormcamelastweekend?A.Athome.B.Onthebus.C.Intheclassroom.5.Whyisthemanangry?A.Hecan’tlistentohisCDs.B.HisbrotherplaysCDstooloud.C.Hefightswithhisbrother.第二节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）听下面6段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听材料，回答以下各小题题。6.WhereisJacknow?A.InBeijing.B.InLondon.C.InParis.7.HowlonghasJackbeenthere?A.Forabout1year.B.Forabout2years.C.Forabout3years.听材料，回答以下各小题题8.WhatisMikeworriedabout?A.Atest.B.Amatch.C.Apicture.9.WhatkindofmusiccanMikelistento?A.Relaxingmusic.B.Rockmusic.C.Popmusic.听材料，回答以下各小题题10.Whydoestheboywanttosellthebaseballbat?A.Heisgoingtoprimaryschool.B.Hewantstohelpthepoorchildren.C.Hedoesn’tlikeplayingbaseballanymore.11.Howmuchcanthewomansaveifshebuystheboy’sbat?A.5dollars.B.15dollars.C.20dollars.听材料，回答以下各小题题12.WhohadaschooltriplastFriday?A.FredandHenry.B.Fredandhisclassmates.C.Henryandhisclassmates.13.WherewasHenrylastFriday?A.Inthepark.B.Inthehospital.C.Athome.14.WhatdoesFredthinkoftheschooltrip?A.Boring.B.Terrible.C.Fun.听材料，回答以下各小题题15.Whichbookaretheytalkingabout?A.TreasureIsland.B.LittleWomen.C.AliceintheWonderland.16.Whenwilltheygototheconcert?A.OnFridayevening.B.OnSaturdayevening.C.OnThursdayevening.17.Wherewilltheymeetfirst？A.AtSunshineGym.B.AtSunshineStation.C.AtSandStation.听材料，回答以下各小题题18.WhendoesMissWangmakethespeech?A.Atthebeginningofanewterm.B.Afterthemid-termexams.C.Beforethesummervacation.19.InwhatsituationmayswimmingbedangerousinMissWang’seyes?A.Intheriverorsea.B.Withoutalifering.C.Withlotsofpeople.20.Whymanygoodswimmersdiewhileswimming?A.Becausethewateriscold.B.Becausetheyaren’tcarefulenough.C.Becausetheyknownothingabouttheriver.第二部分阅读(共三节，满分30分)第一节（共11小题：每小题2分，满分22分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。AVeraisgoingtohaveayardsale,soshehadadiscussionwithherfriendsinaWeChat(微信)group.Friends,Ihaveanideaofayardsale.WouldyouLiketojoinme?Vera,Ihavesomegodtingsforsale.Ihavehadatrainandrailwaysetsincemytenthbirthday.Itcansellatleast￥60.Icangivesomethingawaytopeopleinneed,liketoybears,oldhats,magazines.AndIhavehadabikefor3years.Youaresogreat.Let’smeetatmyhomethisSundayafternoon.OK?OK.Whattimeshallwemeet?Howabout15:00Iwillbringmytrainandrailwayset!Perfect.Seeyouat15:00thisSunday.1.Whatisthepossiblepriceofthetrainandrailwayset?A.¥45. B.¥55. C.¥65.2.WhendidAmygetherbike?A.1yearago. B.3yearsago. C.At10thbirthday.3.Whattimewilltheymeet?A.At3:00a.m.onSunday. B.At5:00p.m.onSaturday. C.At3:00p.m.onSunday.【答案】1.C2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是Vera和她的朋友在微信群里讨论准备庭院售卖的东西的一些聊天纪录。【1题】细节理解题。根据“Ihavehadatrainandrailwaysetsincemytenthbirthday.Itcansellatleast￥60.”可知，一套火车和轨道组合的玩具至少可卖60元，结合选项，65元是可能卖到的价格。故选C。2题】细节理解题。根据“AndIhavehadabikefor3years.”可知，艾米是三年前拥有这辆自行车的。故选B。【3题】细节理解题。根据“Perfect.Seeyouat15:00thisSunday.”可知，他们约在了本周日下午3点见面。故选C。BThe“Loong”IsBack!Everyoneknowsthatthisyearis“龙年”.Weoncecalledit“theYearoftheDragon”.Butdidyounoticethatatthebeginningofthisyear,peoplestartedtouse“theYearoftheLoong”.Why?InancientChinesestories,theloongisananimalthathasasnakelikebody,fourlegsandlargeeyes.WhenWesternpeoplefirstlearnedofthisanimal,theythoughtitfitthepictureofthe“dragon”intheirculture,sotheycalledit“dragon”.Andthisnamehasbeenpasseddowntothisday.However,therearebigdifferencesbetweenthedragonandtheloong.InWesternstories,thedragonoftenhaswings(翅膀)andcanbreathefire.Itisusuallyascaryandbadanimal.However,accordingtoChinesestories,theloongdoesn’thavewings,butitcanflyhighintothesky.Peoplebelieveitisaluckyanimal.InancientChina,peoplebelievedintheloong.Theybelievedithadmagicalpowers(力量),abletochangetheweatherandprotecthumans.Overtime,theloonghasbecomeasymbolofstrength,bravery,wisdom,honestyandgoodluckinChineseculture.Althoughwestartedtousetheword“loong”commonlyatthebeginningofthisyear,itisnotanewword.Itfirstappearedinthe19thcentury.ThecomebackofthewordshowstheChinesepeople’sgrowingculturalconfidence(自信).Nowwecanproudly(自豪地)saythatwearethedescendants(后代)oftheloong,notthedragon.4.Whendidpeoplestarttouse“theYearoftheLoong”?AAtthebeginningofthisyear. B.Inthe19thcentury. C.InancientChina.5.Whatcanthedragondoinwesternstories?A.Breathefire. B.Changetheweather. C.Protecthumans.6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?A.Theloonghasmagicalpowers.B.Thedragonisascaryandbadanimal.C.Bothofthedragonandloonghaveasnakelikebodyandwings.7.Whatdoesthecomebackoftheword“Loong”show?A.ThegrowingculturalconfidenceofChinesepeople.B.TheloongbecomesasymbolofgoodthingsinChina.C.Therearebigdifferencesbetweenthedragonandtheloong.【答案】4.A5.A6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文主要谈论了中国的“龙”翻译成英文的问题。【4题】细节理解题。根据“Butdidyounoticethatatthebeginningofthisyear,peoplestartedtouse‘theYearoftheLoong’.”可知，今年年初，人们开始使用“龙年”。故选A。【5题】细节理解题。根据“InWesternstories,thedragonoftenhaswings(翅膀)andcanbreathefire.”可知，在西方故事中，龙可以喷火。故选A。【6题】细节理解题。根据“InWesternstories,thedragonoftenhaswings(翅膀)andcanbreathefire.”以及“However,accordingtoChinesestories,theloongdoesn’thavewings,butitcanflyhighintothesky.”可知，西方国家龙有翅膀，中国的龙通常没有翅膀，选项C表述是错误的。故选C。【7题】细节理解题。根据“ThecomebackofthewordshowstheChinesepeople’sgrowingculturalconfidence(自信).”可知，这个词的回归展示了中国人民日益增长的文化自信。故选A。CHaveyoueverbeentoIreland?Ifnot,youshouldthinkofspendingavacationthere.Irelandstandsinthesouthoftheisland.Thereareabout3,470,000peopleinthecountryandtheweatherisquitewetbutwarm.FallsofsnowinIrelandaremostunusual.Irelandisfullofinterestingthingstodo.You’llfindrestaurantsandcaféeverywhere.Mostofthemhavealonglist(清单)ofIrishfoodanddrinks.Afteryourmeal,youcantakeawalkalongtheshore(岸).Thecountrysideisgoodforhorseriding.Othersportsyoumaywanttodoaresailing,boating,swimming,fishingandgolfing.Irelandisfamousforitstheatersandfestivals.So,whydon’tyoustaylongerforapartyoraconcert?TheIrishpeoplearekindandhospitable.Frommountainstobeachesyouwillfindpeoplereadytostopandtalkabouttheweather,thelocal(当地的)geographyorhistoryandmaybeaboutwhatyoushouldseenext.TheIrishpeoplehavekepttheirowncultureofmusicandliteraturewell.Differentareashavedifferentkindsofmusic.Intownsandvillagespeoplegettogetherintheeveningtosingandplaymusic.Theyalsogettogethertoreadtheirownpoems(诗歌)toeachother.Meetingsuchpeopleisreallyfun,isn’tit?8.WhatisIrelandfamousfor?A.Horseriding. B.Theatersandfestivals. C.Localgeographyandhistory.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hospitable”meaninChinese?A.医疗的 B.心情愉悦的 C.热情好客的10.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.ThepopulationofIreland.B.InterestingthingstodoinIreland.C.TheIrishpeopleandtheiractivities.11.Whydoestheauthorwritethepassage?A.TointroducethehistoryofIreland.B.ToencouragepeopletotraveltoIreland.C.TocompareIrelandwithothercountries.【答案】8.B9.C10.C11.B【解析】【导语】本文介绍了爱尔兰的地理位置、气候、人口，以及丰富的旅游活动和热情好客的人民，鼓励大家去那里度假。【8题】细节理解题。根据“Irelandisfamousforitstheatersandfestivals.”可知，爱尔兰以剧院和节日而闻名。故选B。【9题】词句猜测题。根据“TheIrishpeoplearekindandhospitable.”可知，爱尔兰人民善良且热情好客；“hospitable”表示“热情好客的”。故选C。【10题】段落大意题。根据“TheIrishpeoplearekindandhospitable....Intownsandvillagespeoplegettogetherintheeveningtosingandplaymusic.Theyalsogettogethertoreadtheirownpoems(诗歌)toeachother.”可知，这一段描述了爱尔兰人民的友善好客和丰富的文化传统，强调他们喜欢与游客交流并分享音乐和文学。故选C。【11题】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了爱尔兰的地理位置、气候、人口，以及丰富的旅游活动和热情好客的人民，鼓励大家去那里度假。故选B。第二节（共4小题：每小题2分，满分8分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。Goodmorning,everyone.I’mgladtogivethespeech.Itisusefultohavesomefirstaidknowledge(知识)inlife.Whensomeoneisinjured(受伤的),youshouldalwaysgivehelpassoonaspossible.___12___Atfirst,checkthesituation.___13___Aretherecars,fireorotherdangerousthings?Donotputyourselfintoasituationwhereyoucanbeinjured.Then,callforhelp.Ifyoucan’thelpalot,findprofessional(专业的)peopletohelprightaway.Theyknowhowtoworkoutthesesituations.___14___Ifyouaretheonlypersonthere,trytokeepthepersonalive(活着的)beforecallingforhelp.Donotleavethepersonaloneforalongtime.___15___Trytobereassuring(令人安心的),andletthepersonknowthathelpisonthewayandthateverythingwillbeallright.A.Finally,carefortheinjuredperson.B.Next,protectyourselffromanydanger.C.Aretherethingsthatmightputyouindanger?D.Thefollowingfirstaidwayscanmakeadifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.E.Ifyouthinksomeoneisseriouslyinjured,callprofessionalpeopleforhelp.【答案】12.D13.C14.E15.A【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了如何实施急救。【12题】根据“Whensomeoneisinjured(受伤的),youshouldalwaysgivehelpassoonaspossible.”以及下面三段可知，接下来要讲的是一些急救知识的重要性。选项D“以下的急救方法可以决定生死。”符合语境。故选D。【13题】根据“Atfirst,checkthesituation.”和“Aretherecars,fireorotherdangerousthings?”可知，首先要确认所处的情况，周围有无危险的情景。选项C“有什么事情会让你处于危险之中吗?”符合语境。故选C。【14题】根据“Then,callforhelp.Ifyoucan’thelpalot,findprofessional(专业的)peopletohelprightaway.”可知，出现危险情况，要及时打电话向专业的人进行求助。选项E“如果你认为有人受了重伤，打电话给专业人士寻求帮助。”符合语境。故选E。【15题】根据“Trytobereassuring(令人安心的),andletthepersonknowthathelpisonthewayandthateverythingwillbeallright.”可知，为了让伤者安心，要对病人进行照顾。选项A“最后，照顾受伤的人。”符合语境。故选A。第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分35分)第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。EverySundaymorning,Itakeawalkaroundaparknearmyhome.There’salakeinthepark.EachtimeIwalkbythislake,Iseethe___16___oldwomansittingbythelakewithasmallmetalcage(金属笼)besideher.LastSunday,Ireallywantedtoknowwhatthewomanwasdoing,___17___Istoppedwalkingandcameovertoher.AsIwent___18___,Ifoundthatinsidethemetalcagewerethreeturtles(乌龟),slowlywalkingaround.Shehadafourthturtleinherlap(大腿)thatshewas___19___brushing.“Hello,”Isaid.“I’dlovetoknowwhatyou’redoingwiththeseturtles.”Shesmiled.“I’m___20___theirshells(龟壳),”shereplied.“Anythingonaturtle’sshell,likealgae(水藻),stopstheturtlefromswimming.Itisalso___21___fortheshellovertime.It’smyownwayofmakinga___22___.”“Wow!That’sreallyniceofyou!Butthereareturtleslivinginlakesallaroundtheworld.Andtheseturtleshave___23___anyonekindenoughlikeyoutohelpthem.Sohowcanyoube___24___thatyoucanmakeachange?”Iquestioned.Thewomansmiledwarmly.Shethen_____25_____attheturtleinherlap,brushedthelastpieceofalgaefromitsshell,andsaid,“Sweetie,ifthislittleonecouldtalk,he’dtellyouIjustchangedhiswholeworld.”16.A.same B.strange C.pretty17.A.because B.so C.if18A.closer B.faster C.further19.A.quickly B.heavily C.carefully20.A.taking B.cleaning C.playing21.A.good B.bad C.necessary22.A.difference B.chance C.living23.A.nearly B.certainly C.hardly24.A.clear B.ready C.sure25.A.lookedback B.lookeddown C.lookedup【答案】16.A17.B18.A19.C20.B21.B22.A23.C24.C25.B【解析】【导语】本文讲述了一位老妇人帮助一些乌龟清理龟壳的事情。【16题】句意：每次我走过这个湖，我都看到一个老妇人坐在湖边，旁边放着一个小金属笼子。same相同的；strange奇怪的；pretty漂亮的。由空前的定冠词the可知，此处应用same，指同一个老妇人。故选A。【17题】句意：上周日，我真的很想知道那个女人在做什么，所以我停下脚步走到她身边。because因为；so因此；if如果。分析句子可知，前后句为因果关系，此处表示结果，应用so。故选B。【18题】句意：当我走近时，我发现金属笼子里有三只乌龟，慢慢地走来走去。closer更近；faster更快；further更远。根据“Ifoundthatinsidethemetalcagewerethreeturtles(乌龟)”可知，看到笼子里有三只乌龟，由此推知作者走近老妇人了。故选A。【19题】句意：她的腿上还有第四只乌龟，她正在小心地给它刷壳。quickly迅速地；heavily重地；carefully小心地，仔细地。根据“Shehadafourthturtleinherlap(大腿)”可推知，老妇人在仔细地给乌龟刷壳。故选C。【20题】句意：我正在清理它们的壳。taking拿；cleaning清理；playing玩。根据上文“brushing”和“Anythingonaturtle’sshell,likealgae(水藻),stopstheturtlefromswimming.”可知，此处指清理乌龟壳。故选B。【21题】句意：随着时间的推移，它也对壳有害。good好的；bad坏的；necessary必要的。根据“Itisalso...fortheshellovertime.”可知，龟壳上的东西要清理，说明它们对龟壳有害。故选B。【22题】句意：这是我改变世界的方式。difference不同；chance机会；living生活。结合上下文可知，老妇人通过清理龟壳，对乌龟产生的影响；makeadifference“产生影响”。故选A。【23题】句意：这些乌龟几乎没有像你这样善良的人来帮助它们。nearly几乎，差不多；certainly确定；hardly几乎不。根据“Butthereareturtleslivinginlakesallaroundtheworld.”可知，世界各地的湖泊里都生活着乌龟，它们几乎没有像老妇人那样善良的人来帮助它们清理龟壳。故选C。【24题】句意：那么，你怎么能确定你能做出改变呢？clear清楚的；ready准备好的；sure确定的。根据上文可知，世界各地的湖泊里的乌龟没有像老妇人那样善良的人来帮助它们清理龟壳，即老妇人只能帮助一小部分乌龟，如何确定她是产生影响了的。故选C。【25题】句意：然后她低头看了看膝上的乌龟，拂去乌龟壳上的最后一片海藻。lookedback回头看；lookeddown向下看；lookedup向上看。根据“attheturtleinherlap”可知，乌龟在膝上，所以老妇人向下看。故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Almosteveryweek,YuQiang,apolicemanfromNanjing,visitshisfriend’smomtohelpwithchores.YuQiangandHouJianlin____26____(meet)in1992andbecamefriendssoon.ButHoudiedinacaraccidentat___27___ageof30.“Houwastheonlychild.His____28____(die)madehisparentsreallysad.SowhenIheardthebadnews,Iasked____29____(I)whohisparentscoulddependonnext.I____30____(think)aboutitforalongtimeandfinallyImadeadecision.”Yusaid.YuvisitedHou’sparentsandpromisedtolookafterthem.Hekepthisword___31___hewasreallybusy.Heoftenprovideddailysupplies(日常用品)___32___them.AfterHou’sfatherdied,Yustartedtovisitmoreoften.Hehelpedherdothingslike____33____(repair)brokenchairsandworking.Healsoboughtheramobilephonetomakeit____34____(easy)tostayintouch(保持联系)thanbefore.“Hou’smomoftensaysthatIgiveherthehope.EverytimeIvisit,shetalkswithme____35____(happy).”Yusaid.【答案】26.met27.the28.death29.myself30.wasthinking31.though##although32.for33.repairing34.easier35.happily【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了一个关于南京警察于强照顾因车祸过世的朋友的父母的故事。【26题】句意：于强与侯建林于1992年相识并很快成为朋友。根据“YuQiangandHouJianlin…in1992andbecamefriendssoon.”可知，此处为一般过去时，动词用一般过去式。故填met。【27题】句意：但侯建林在30岁时因车祸去世。attheageof…表示“在……岁的时候”。故填the。【28题】句意：他的死让他的父母非常伤心。根据His可知，主语为形容性物主代词，后接名词。故填death。【29题】句意：我问自己，他的父母接下来可以依靠谁。I人称代词主格，此处应用反身代词myself表示“我自己”。故填myself。【30题】句意：我想了很久，终于做出了决定。根据“I…aboutitforalongtime”可知，此处表示过去一阶段一直在发生的事，时态为过去进行时，空处应用be动词的过去式+动词ing形式，主语为I，be动词应用was。故填wasthinking。【31题】句意：尽管他真的很忙，但他还是信守了诺言。根据“Hekepthisword…hewasreallybusy.”可知，前后两句为让步关系，因此用though/although引导让步状语从句。故填though/although。【32题】句意：他经常为他们提供日常生活用品。providefor表示“提供”，故填for。【33题】句意：他帮助她做一些事情，比如修理坏掉的椅子和工作。根据“Hehelpedherdothingslike…brokenchairsandworking.”可知，此处的like为介词，后接动名词。故填repairing。【34题】句意：他还给她买了一部手机，这使得和她保持联系更容易。easy“容易的”，根据“thanbefore”可知，此处用形容词的比较级easier，表示“更容易”。故填easier。【35题】句意：每次我去看她，她都会开心地和我聊天。happy“快乐的”，形容词，此处修饰talk应用副词happily。故填happily。第三节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。Amuseumvlogger(博主)named“ShuiXing”hasbecomeabighitontheInternetthesedays.Inhervideos,sheshowspeoplearoundthemuseumsacrossChina.Thevlogger’srealnameisWangYini.Sheisapost-95girlfromJilinProvince.Sheisinterestedinarchaeology(考古学)fromanearlyage.Whenshewaslittle,herparentsoftentookhertomuseums.Theseexperiencesofvisitingmuseumsgavehertheideaofstudyingarchaeologywhenshegrewup.Wangstartedmakingvideosaboutarchaeologyin2020.Shedidthisbecauseshefoundthatmanypeoplehadmisunderstanding(误解)aboutarchaeology.Besides,shewantedtoshareherknowledgeinthefield.However,hervideosdidn’tgetmuchattention(关注)atfirst.Wangthoughtaboutitcarefullyandrealizedthatshedidn’tchoosesubjectsthatwouldinterestpeople.Sheworkedhardandfinallyfoundawaytotellstoriesinaninterestingway.“Thekeyistointeresttheonlineuserswithinterestingstorylines.ThismakesiteasierforthemtounderstandwhatIsay,”shesaid.NowWangisateacherinLiaoningUniversity.Shewantstotrainmoretalentsinarchaeology.Atthesametime,shetriestomakemoreinterestingvideosforpeople.Shehopestoletmorepeopleknowwhereourculturecomesfromsothatwecanknowwheretogointhefuture.36.WhoisShuiXing?_______________________________________37.Whatgavehertheideaofstudyingarchaeologywhenshegrewup?_______________________________________38.Didhervideosgetmuchattentionatfirst?_______________________________________39.HowdidWanginteresttheonlineusers?_______________________________________40.WhatdoyouthinkofWang?_______________________________________【答案】36.Sheisamuseumvlogger./Amuseumvlogger.37.The/Theseexperiencesofvisitingmuseums.38.No,theydidn’t./No.39.Byinterestingstorylines.40.Sheissuccessful.【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了博物馆博主水星对于考古的喜爱，以及她在网络上走红的原因。【36题】根据“Amuseumvlogger(博主)named“ShuiXing”hasbecomeabighitontheInternetthesedays.”可知，水星是一个博物馆博主。故填Sheisamuseumvlogger./Amuseumvlogger.【37题】根据“Theseexperiencesofvisitingmuseumsgavehertheideaofstudyingarchaeologywhenshegrewup.”可知，参观博物馆的经历给了她长大后考古的想法。故填The/Theseexperiencesofvisitingmuseums.【38题】根据“However,hervideosdidn’tgetmuchattention(关注)atfirst.”可知，她的视频