江西省宜春市宜春一中万载中学宜丰中学联考高二下学期7月期末英语试题

2024届高二(下)英语期末考试试卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howdidhemanprobablygethere?A.Bytaxi.B.OnfootC.Bycar.2.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Gotoanotherairport.B.Callataxi.C.Getherluggage.3.Howmanypeopleonthebusescapedunhurtintheaccident?A.6.B.5C.44.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Intheman’shouse.B.Onaboat.C.Inarestaurant.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Amovie.C.Asong.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第67题。6.Whydidthemanrefusethejob?A.Hiswifedidn’twanthimtotakeit.B.Itwasn’tspecialenough.C.Hecouldn’thandleit.7.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodoattheend?A.Askaroundforababysitter.B.Lookafterthechildren.C.Helpthemanfindanotherjob.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whydidthemanstopgoingtothegym?A.Hewastoobusy.B.Hedislikedtheexercisemachines.C.Hefounditmoreconvenienttoexerciseathome.9.Howdoesthemanmakehimselfrunfaster?A.Byreadingmagazines.B.Bytiminghimself.C.Bywatchinggreatvideos.10.Howoftendoesthemanrun?A.DailyB.Twiceaweek.C.Threetimesaweek.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whoknockedoverthevase?A.Thecat.B.Thewoman.C.Theman.12.Whodidthevasebelongtoatfirst?A.Thewoman’smotherB.Thewoman’sgrandma.C.Thewoman’sfriend.13.Whatdidthespeakersdecidetodo?A.Fixthevasethemselves.B.Buyanewvaseatanantiquestore.C.Havethevaserepairedsomewhere.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatdoesthemanlearntodoinhissparetime?A.Writesongs.B.PlaytheguitarC.Studythreelanguages.15.Whoinspiresthewomantohaveahobby?A.Herfriend.B.Hercousin.C.Herteacher.16.Howwillthewomangetgreenpaint?A.Shewillbuyit.B.Shewillmakeit.C.Shewillborrowit.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhendidGoogleeoutwithGoogleHome?A.In2016.B.In2015.C.In2017.18.HowmanysongsdoesGoogle’sproducthave?A.35million.B.2million.C.2.5million.19.Whichproductisaimedatyoungchildren?A.AmazonEcho.B.GoogleHome.C.Mattel’sAristotle.20.WhatistypicaloftheMattel’sAristotle?A.Thelowestprice.B.Theearliestproduct.C.Thebestinteraction第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ARecentlyitissaidthatadoghasreceivedanawardforpickingupanumberofbeercans,coffeecups,andotherpiecesoftrash,helpingcleanupherneighborhoodintheprocess.It'sunclearifDaisyisawareofherservice,butherhelphasnotgoneunnoticed,byanymeans.Infact,itisreportedthatthisnineyearolddoghaspickedupmorethan5,000piecesofrubbish.Daisyhasbeencollectingrubbishforthelasteightyears,atleasttwotimesaday.ingfromthecityofWorcesterintheUnitedKingdom,Daisyhasbeethefirstdogtoreceiveanhonorfromthemayor(市长).Unlikeotherdogs,Daisypreferssniffingaroundforbeercans,amongotherthings.Shecarriesthembackhometoherowner,JudyOwens,whothentakesherpet'sofferingsandrecyclesthem.“IwishDaisyunderstoodhowspecialshewasandtheawardjustmarkswhataspeciallittledogsheis,”Judysaid.“ShestartedpickinguprubbishwhenshewasaroundabeercanandIthinkshediscovereditbyaccident.”“Onedayshejustsniffedoutabeercan,thenbeganpickingitup,"shecontinued.“Shegetsveryattachedtorubbish,andshemustthinkit'ssomekindoftreasure.”Daisyhasbeesomethingofacelebrityinhertown,oftenknownasthedogthathelpsgetridofalltherubbish.Then,themayorinvitedJudyandDaisytoetohisoffice.“WhenwearrivedhetoldusthatDaisywouldbereceivingtheawardbecausehewantedtomakepeoplemoreconsciousofprotectingtheenvironmentandtothankherforhercontributionsovertheyears,”Judysaid.“Itwassuchasurprise...Daisythoughtthiswasgreatandwenttositonthemayor'schairwithabeercaninhermouth.Everyonethoughtshewasfunnyandstartedlaughing.”1.Whydidthedogreceivetheaward?A.Shehadbroughtalotoftreasuretoherowner.B.Shehadkeptallthecitycleanforeightyears.C.Shehadcontributedalottogettingridofthetrash.D.Shehadmadepeopleawareofprotectingenvironment.2.Howdidthedogprobablystarttopickuprubbish?A.Byaccident. B.Byforce.C.Throughpraise. D.Throughtraining.3.HowwouldthepeopleinthecityfeelaboutwhatDaisyhasbeendoing?A.Curious. B.Excited.C.Ashamed. D.Thankful.4Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Adogownertrainsherdogtopickuprubbish.B.Adogreceivesanawardforpickinguprubbish.C.Amayorgivesanawardtoadoginhisoffice.D.Amayorraisespeople'senvironmentalawareness.【答案】1.C2.A3.D4.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一只名叫Daisy的小狗，在八年来坚持捡垃圾受到市长嘉奖的故事。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Daisyhasbeencollectingrubbishforthelasteightyears,atleasttwotimesaday.(戴西过去八年来一直在收集垃圾，每天至少两次)”以及文章最后一自然段“WhenwearrivedhetoldusthatDaisywouldbereceivingtheawardbecausehewantedtomakepeoplemoreconsciousofprotectingtheenvironmentandtothankherforhercontributionsovertheyears(当我们到达时，他告诉我们Daisy将获得这个奖项，因为他想让人们更加意识到保护环境，并感谢她多年来的贡献)”可知，市长授予Daisy这个奖项的原因是因为它一直捡垃圾，为环保做出了贡献。故此题选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Ithinkshediscovereditbyaccident.(我想她是偶然发现的)”可知，Daisy捡垃圾是偶然开始的。故此题选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Daisyhasbeesomethingofacelebrityinhertown,oftenknownasthedogthathelpsgetridofalltherubbish.(Daisy在她的镇上成了名人，常被称为帮助清除垃圾的狗。)”以及“WhenwearrivedhetoldusthatDaisywouldbereceivingtheawardbecausehewantedtomakepeoplemoreconsciousofprotectingtheenvironmentandtothankherforhercontributionsovertheyears(当我们到达时，他告诉我们Daisy将获得这个奖项，因为他想让人们更加意识到保护环境，并感谢她多年来的贡献)”可知，小镇的任都知道Daisy捡垃圾，并且对于Daisy对保护环境所做的一切是感谢的。故此题选D。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第一句“Recentlyitissaidthatadoghasreceivedanawardforpickingupanumberofbeercans,coffeecups,andotherpiecesoftrash,helpingcleanupherneighborhoodintheprocess.(最近据说，一只狗因为捡起了一些啤酒罐、咖啡杯和其他垃圾而获得了一个奖项，在这个过程中帮助了她的邻居清理)”可知，本文围绕一只狗因为捡垃圾而获奖的故事展开。故此题选B。BIt’sawarmJuneafternoon,andinagroupofbushesandtrees,abirdsings.Asmallinsectclimbsoveraleaf.TheMuziekpleinforest,nexttoan18storybuildingandarailwayline,isaboutthesizeofabasketballcourt;beforeitwasplantedin2018,theareawasaparkingplace.TheforestisoneofsevensuchextremelysmallforestsintheDutchcityofUtrecht,and144acrosstheNetherlands.Bytheendofthisyear,accordingtoIVNNatureEducation,theorganizationproposingthecountry’sinitiative,therewillbe200.SincethefirstforestwasplantedintheNetherlandsin2015,theconcepthasbeepopular.DaanBleichrodt,wholaunchedIVN’sTinyForestinitiativewiththegoalofmakingiteasierforchildrentogetintoandconnectwithnature,saidthathethinksitispopularbecausepeoplearebeingmoreawareofmajorenvironmentalchallenges.It’saverypracticalwaytodosomethingpositiveinthelightofclimatechangeandlossofbiodiversity.JeroenSchenkels,asenioradviserforthecityofUtrechtongreenplanning,saidheseestheminiforestsasnaturebasedapproachesthatareabletohelpthecityweatherheatwavesandimprovewaterretention(保持).Butoneofthebiggestinterestsissocial.“Oneofthemostimportantthingsisthattheygivepeopletheopportunitytobeinvolvedinnatureintheneighbourhood,”Schenkelssaid.Between2018and2020,40differentplantandanimalgroupsand121totalanimalspecieswerefoundintheMuziekpleinforestalone.AccordingtoWageningenUniversityresearchers,acrossthe11tinyforestsintheirstudy,volunteersobserved636animalspecies.Theyalsoidentified298plantspeciesinadditiontotheoriginalspeciesplantedintheplots.Maintenanceoftheforestsoccasionallyinvolvesremovingaggressiveweeds,butingeneralnewplantspecies,suchaswildflowersthatappear,areallowedtogrow.5.WhatisspecialabouttheMuziekpleinforest?A.Itisnewlyplanted. B.Itsitsinanurbanarea.C.Itgrowsalongarailway. D.Itisshapedlikeabasketballcourt.6.What’sthepurposeoftheTinyForestinitiative?A.Tomakepeoplerealizeenvironmentalchallenges.B.Tomakenaturemoreaccessibletochildren.C.ToincreasetheNetherlands’biodiversity.D.Tocallforactiononclimatechange.7.Whatdoesparagraph3focuson?A.Benefitsofminiforestsincities. B.Waystokeepneighborhoodsgreen.C.Inspirationforplantingforestsincities. D.Importanceofbeingexposedtonature.8.Howdoestheauthorstatetheforests’effectonbiodiversity?A.Bylistingdata. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bydoingexperiments. D.Bymakingparisons.【答案】5.B6.B7.A8.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。荷兰城市里的微型森林不仅可以帮助城市抵御热浪，提高蓄水能力，还使人们有更多机会接触周围的自然环境。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“TheMuziekpleinforest,nexttoan18storybuildingandarailwayline,isaboutthesizeofabasketballcourt;beforeitwasplantedin2018,theareawasaparkingplace.(Muziekplein森林，旁边是一座18层的建筑和一条铁路线，大约有一个篮球场那么大；在2018年种植之前，该地区是一个停车场)”可推知，该森林位于城镇区域。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“DaanBleichrodt,wholaunchedIVN’sTinyForestinitiativewiththegoalofmakingiteasierforchildrentogetintoandconnectwithnature,saidthathethinksitispopularbecausepeoplearebeingmoreawareofmajorenvironmentalchallenges.(DaanBleichrodt发起了IVN的“小森林”计划，目的是让孩子们更容易进入大自然，与大自然接触。他说，他认为这一计划之所以受欢迎，是因为人们越来越意识到重大的环境挑战)”可知，DaanBleichrodt发起的微型森林计划的目的是让孩子们更容易接近大自然。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“JeroenSchenkels,asenioradviserforthecityofUtrechtongreenplanning,saidheseestheminiforestsasnaturebasedapproachesthatareabletohelpthecityweatherheatwavesandimprovewaterretention(保持).Butoneofthebiggestinterestsissocial.“Oneofthemostimportantthingsisthattheygivepeopletheopportunitytobeinvolvedinnatureintheneighbourhood,”Schenkelssaid.(乌得勒支市绿色规划高级顾问JeroenSchenkels说，他认为迷你森林是一种以自然为基础的方法，能够帮助城市抵御热浪，提高保水能力。但最大的利益之一是社会利益。Schenkels说：“最重要的事情之一是，它们让人们有机会参与到周围的大自然中。”)”可知，城市里的微型森林不仅可以帮助城市抵御热浪，提高蓄水能力，还使人们有更多机会接触周围的自然环境，故本段主要关注的是城市里的微型森林的益处。故选A。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Between2018and2020,40differentplantandanimalgroupsand121totalanimalspecieswerefoundintheMuziekpleinforestalone.AccordingtoWageningenUniversityresearchers,acrossthe11tinyforestsintheirstudy,volunteersobserved636animalspecies.Theyalsoidentified298plantspeciesinadditiontotheoriginalspeciesplantedintheplots.(2018年至2020年期间，仅在Muziekplein森林就发现了40种不同的植物和动物类群以及121种动物物种。据瓦赫宁根大学的研究人员称，在他们的研究中，志愿者们在11片小森林中观察了636种动物。除了原始种植的植物，他们还确定了298种植物)”可知，作者用了列数字的方法来说明城市里的微型森林对生物多样性的影响。故选A。C“Alotofearlyarchaeology(考古学)wasaboutfindingthingsthatarebeautifulandmuseumworthy,”saysarchaeologistSarahGraff.Bitsofbrokenartifactsorboringlookingitemsfromthefieldoffoodpreparationweresometimesthrownasidewiththedirtthatwasn’tbeinganalyzed,shesays,andscholarsusedtobemoreexcitedbythelivesofkings.“Theydidn’treallythinkthatthingsthathadtodowithdomesticlaborwouldhaveanythingtodowithpoliticsoreconomics.”Butresearchersarenowfindingmoreofthoseconnectionsandtryingtomineancientpotstolearnaboutthefoodsoncepreparedinthem.BiogeochemistRichardEvershedmadehisfirstidentificationoffatfromfoodsinthewallsofmedieval(中世纪的)potsdatingfrom950to1450atasiteinEngland.Withsignsoffat,probablyfrommakingcheese,thosepotsarethoughttohavebeenusedforbakingbread.Thescientistsalsodiscoveredtheleafwax(蜡)ofcabbage,whichwaslikelycookedwithmeat.Consumingmeat,cheese,butterandbread,themedievalpeasantsweren’tdoingtoobadly,saysarchaeologistJulieDunne,Evershed’steammate.Since2014,someresearchershavedivedintoexperimentalarchaeologybycookingvariousrecipesinstoreboughtpots.Theyusedthesamepottocookthesamerecipe50times,andfinallyswitchedtoanewrecipe,cookingfourmeals.Afterayear,thepots’outerlayersheldsignsofalltherecipesbutcontainedmoreremainingpartsofthelastmeals.Butthefattysubstanceswithintheinnerlayersofthepotsbuiltupovermanytimesofcooking,whichleftobviousproofoftheformerrecipes.Thelatestcookingevents,however,wasnotthecase,asarcheologistMelanieMillerandherteammatesreportedin2020inScientificReports.Millerandherteamwillcontinuecookingtheirtastelessmeals.Cookingis“oneofthemostmonthingsthathumanshaveacrosstimeandspace,”shesays.Foodandfoodpracticessignifytraditions,politics,status,identities,upbringingsandmore.Foodpreparationrevealsmuch.“It’sadailypractice…usuallyrepresentativeofallthesemuchlargerquestionsaboutourplaceintheworld.”9.WhatdoesGraffsayaboutearlyarchaeologists?A.Theyrealizedthesignificanceofdomesticlabor.B.Theyignoredcookingartifactseverynowandthen.C.Theyshowedsomeinterestinunimportantitems.D.Theystudiedpotswithwronganalyticalmethods.10.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheownersofthemedievalpots?A.Theydislikedeatingvegetables. B.Theycouldnotmakebread.C.Theyhadlittlemilktodrink. D.Theymightnotbepoor.11.WhatdidMillerfindabouttheinnerlayersofthepots?A.Notalltherecipesleftclearsignswithinthem.B.Theyhadalotofremainingpartsfromthelatestcooking.C.Morefattysubstancesfromthelastmealswerecontained.D.Theydisplayedasmuchevidenceastheouterlayersdid.12.WhichstatementmightMillermostprobablyagreewith?A.Itisdifficulttoknowhowancientpeoplecooked.B.Cookingrevealsvariousaspectsofhumanculture.C.Studyingancientpotshelpsimprovemodernpeople’scooking.D.Foodpracticeswereverysimilaramongdifferentancientgroups.【答案】9.B10.D11.A12.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了从古代的锅中，考古学家们可以了解古时候人们生活的很多方面。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段““Alotofearlyarchaeology(考古学)wasaboutfindingthingsthatarebeautifulandmuseumworthy,”saysarchaeologistSarahGraff.Bitsofbrokenartifactsorboringlookingitemsfromthefieldoffoodpreparationweresometimesthrownasidewiththedirtthatwasn’tbeinganalyzed,shesays,andscholarsusedtobemoreexcitedbythelivesofkings.(考古学家SarahGraff说：“很多早期考古学都是为了寻找美丽的、值得收藏的东西。”她说，从食物准备领域中找到的残破的人工制品或看起来很无聊的物品有时会被扔到一边，根本不会被分析，学者们过去对国王的生活更感兴趣)”可知，Graff认为以前的考古学家们会忽略烹饪器物，因为他们对国王的生活更感兴趣。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Thescientistsalsodiscoveredtheleafwax(蜡)ofcabbage,whichwaslikelycookedwithmeat.Consumingmeat,cheese,butterandbread,themedievalpeasantsweren’tdoingtoobadly,saysarchaeologistJulieDunne,Evershed’steammate.(科学家们还发现了卷心菜的叶蜡，可能是和肉一起煮的。食用肉类、奶酪、黄油和面包，中世纪的农民过得还不错，Evershed的队友、考古学家JulieDunne说)”可知，中世纪锅的主人日子不算穷。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Butthefattysubstanceswithintheinnerlayersofthepotsbuiltupovermanytimesofcooking,whichleftobviousproofoftheformerrecipes.Thelatestcookingevents,however,wasnotthecase,asarcheologistMelanieMillerandherteammatesreportedin2020inScientificReports.(但是，经过多次烹饪，锅内层的脂肪物质积累起来，这为以前的食谱留下了明显的证据。然而，正如考古学家MelanieMiller和她的队友在2020年的《科学报告》中所报道的那样，最新的烹饪事件并非如此)”可知，以前的研究认为锅内层的脂肪物质积累起来，这为以前的食谱留下了明显的证据。然而MelanieMiller的研究却认为事实并非如此。也就是说，MelanieMiller认为锅的内层并不是所有的食谱都在里面留下了清晰的痕迹。故选A。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Millerandherteamwillcontinuecookingtheirtastelessmeals.Cookingis“oneofthemostmonthingsthathumanshaveacrosstimeandspace,”shesays.Foodandfoodpracticessignifytraditions,politics,status,identities,upbringingsandmore.Foodpreparationrevealsmuch.(Miller和她的团队将继续烹饪这些无味的食物。烹饪是“跨越时间和空间的人类最常见的事情之一，”她说。食物和饮食习惯象征着传统、政治、地位、身份、教养等等。食物的准备说明了很多问题)”可知，Miller认为烹饪揭示了人类文化的各个方面。故选B。DDreamsofworldpeaceareasoldaswars.ButasthewomenofWaleswererecoveringfromWorldWarI,theydemandedpeaceindroves.Stillsorrowingthehusbands,sons,andlovedoneswhofoughtinthewar,in1923theWelshLeagueofNationsUnited(WLNU)draftedapetition(请愿书)atAberystwythUniversitycallingforawarlessworld.ThepetitionwassignedbyroughlythreequartersofallthewomeninWalesandwassaidtobesevenmileslong.ThedocumentwasthenpackedinalargeoakchestandsentacrosstheAtlantic.ItwastheWLNU’shopethatAmericawouldjoinintheirmissionforpeace,andsotheytouredwiththepetitionacrossthecountrybeforePresidentCalvinCoolidgegaveittotheSmithsonianforpreservation.AsthecentennialanniversaryofWorldWarIapproached,aplaquewasfoundinthearchivesattheTempleofPeaceinCardiffmentioningthepetition,butnobodyknewwhatitwas,saysMereridHopwood,chairoftheWomen’sPeacePetitionPartnership.Soin2017,anemailwassenttotheSmithsonianinquiringaboutthestatusandlocationofthechestanditspetition.HavingarrivedattheNationalLibraryofWalesonMarch29thisyear,HopwoodreceiveditalongwithothermembersofthePeacePetitionPartnershipanddescribedopeningthechestandfinallygettingtoseeitscontents(内容)asanemotionalmoment.HopwoodishopingmoreWelshcitizenswillhavesimilarexperiencesnowthatthepetitionhasreturnedtoitsoriginalhome.Thepetitionwillbedigitized,alongwithallsignaturesandaddresses,sothepubliccanviewitonlineandseeiftheirgrandmothersorprevioustenantsoftheirhomessigned100yearsago.Clearlytheworldhasnotyetachievedthepetition’sgreatgoals,butHopwoodsaidthesignaturesgaveherhope.13.Whatwasthepetitionmeantfor?A.Athirstforpeace. B.AnendtoWWI.C.AfightforWales. D.Acallforapology.14.WhatcanweinferaboutthepetitionfromParagraph3?A.MostWelshsignedonthepetition. B.WelshaskedforAmericans’help.C.Welshwomenwishedforpeace. D.Welshwomenhonoredthewar.15.HowdidHopwoodlikethereappearanceofthepetition?A.Shecouldleadthepetition. B.Itwouldcauseabigstorm.C.Welshcouldbefreeofwars. D.Herhopeforpeaceisonfire.【答案】13.A14.C15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一战后出现的和平请愿书再次在世人面前出现，呼吁世界无战争。简要介绍了和平请愿书的由来以及签署情况。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Stillsorrowingthehusbands,sons,andlovedoneswhofoughtinthewar,in1923theWelshLeagueofNationsUnited(WLNU)draftedapetition(请愿书)atAberystwythUniversitycallingforawarlessworld.(1923年，威尔士联合国联盟在阿伯里斯特威斯大学起草了一份请愿书，呼吁建立一个没有战争的世界)”可知，请愿书呼吁和平，故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“ThepetitionwassignedbyroughlythreequartersofallthewomeninWalesandwassaidtobesevenmileslong.ThedocumentwasthenpackedinalargeoakchestandsentacrosstheAtlantic.(这份请愿书由威尔士大约四分之三的女性签署，据说长达七英里。然后，这份文件被装在一个大橡木箱里，并被送往大西洋彼岸)”可推理出威尔士的妇女们渴望和平，故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Clearlytheworldhasnotyetachievedthepetition’sgreatgoals,butHopwoodsaidthesignaturesgaveherhope.(显然，世界还没有实现请愿书的伟大目标，但霍普伍德表示，这些签名给了她希望)”可推理出，请愿书上的签字燃起了她对和平的希望，故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Althoughitisgreattohavefriendsourownage,therearealsosomeprettygoodbenefitstomakingolderfriends.___16___Havingolderfriendsprovidesinsightandwisdom.Astheoldsayinggoes,withageesmaturity.Olderpeoplehavewisdomabouthowtonavigate(应对)lifesmoothly.Theyhavealreadypassedcrucialmilestoneslikebuildingacareer,buyingahome,gettingmarried,startingafamily,andmaybeevenretiring.___17___Plus,intergenerationalfriendshipsnotonlybenefityou,buttheycanalsobenefittheotherperson.___18___Forexample,youcanteachthemnewtechnologicaltrendsorhelpthemwithpopculturereferences.Friendshipisatwowaystreetwherebothsidesbenefitandbondsarestrengthenedovertime.___19___Allowingfriendstobemoresupportiveofoneanotherratherthanalwaysparingandpetingwithoneanotherisamustineverycircleoffriends.Friendshipsbetweengenerationsarenotpetitivebecausetheyareatvariousphasesoflife.Olderfriendstendtomunicatemorehonestly.NowIamnotsayinghavingfriendshipswithhonestywillbemorelacking,buthaveyoueverhadaconversationwithsomeoneolder?___20___Olderindividualsareatanagewheretheynolongerfeeltheneedtoimpresspeopleandtheydefinitelyarenotafraidtosharetheiropinions,forbetterorforworse!A.Youcaninspirethemindifferentways.B.Soyoucanalwaysaskthemforadviceonimportantissues.C.Olderfriendsaresupportiveandlesspetitive.D.Olderfriendsappreciateandvaluerelationships.E.Listeningtotheirstorieswillhelpthemreflectontimesgoneby.F.Hereiswhyweshouldinvestincrossgenerationalfriendships.G.Theyhavenoproblembeingstraightuphonestwhetherwewanttohearitornot.【答案】16.F17.B18.A19.C20.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了与老年人交朋友的益处，倡导与老年人交朋友。【16题详解】根据上文“Althoughitisgreattohavefriendsourownage,therearealsosomeprettygoodbenefitstomakingolderfriends.(虽然有和我们同龄的朋友是件好事，但结交年长的朋友也有一些好处)”可知，此处上下文说的是跨代友谊的话题，与F项“Hereiswhyweshouldinvestincrossgenerationalfriendships.(这就是为什么我们应该投资于跨代友谊)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。【17题详解】根据上文“Theyhavealreadypassedcrucialmilestoneslikebuildingacareer,buyingahome,gettingmarried,startingafamily,andmaybeevenretiring.(他们已经度过了关键的里程碑，比如建立事业、买房、结婚、组建家庭，甚至可能退休)”可知，此处上下文说的是老年人经历丰富，可以向他们请教，与B项“Soyoucanalwaysaskthemforadviceonimportantissues.(所以你可以随时向他们咨询重要问题)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。【18题详解】根据下文“Forexample,youcanteachthemnewtechnologicaltrendsorhelpthemwithpopculturereferences.(例如，你可以教他们新的技术趋势，或者帮助他们参考流行文化)”可知，此处上下文说的是要用不同的方式对他们进行激励，与A项“Youcaninspirethemindifferentways.(你可以用不同的方式激励他们)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。【19题详解】根据下文“Allowingfriendstobemoresupportiveofoneanotherratherthanalwaysparingandpetingwithoneanotherisamustineverycircleoffriends.(每个朋友圈子都必须让朋友们相互支持，而不是总是相互比较和竞争)”可知，此处上下文说的是朋友之间要多支持，少竞争，与C项“Olderfriendsaresupportiveandlesspetitive.(年长的朋友是支持的，不那么争强好胜)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。【20题详解】根据下文“Olderindividualsareatanagewheretheynolongerfeeltheneedtoimpresspeopleandtheydefinitelyarenotafraidtosharetheiropinions.(老年人正处于这样一个年龄，他们不再觉得有必要给人留下深刻印象，他们绝对不怕分享自己的观点)”可知，此处上下文说的是老年人愿意分享自己的观点，坦诚相待，与G项“Theyhavenoproblembeingstraightuphonestwhetherwewanttohearitornot.(不管我们愿不愿意听，他们都会坦诚相待)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AstudentatHellesdonHighSchoolinEnglandhasbeencalled“RubbishGirl”forherenvironmentally­friendlyways.___21___,thathasnotstoppedherfromcleaninguptheenvironment.Usingthebasketonherbicycle,12­year­oldNadiahasbeen___22___rubbishalonghertwo­mileroutetoandfromschoolsinceSeptemberoflastyear.___23___hergoodintentions,someofthekidsatNadia’sschoolhavenicknamed(给……起绰号)her“RubbishGirl”andhavebulliedherforherselflesseffortstohelpthe___24___.Butinsteadoflettingthembringherdown,she’susingtheirnegativityasmotivation(动力).“I’mnotgoingto___25___doingtherightthingbecauseofthem,”shesaid.“I’mdoingsomethingto___26___theworldwhichtheyalsolivein.It’severyone’sjob.Weareall___27___forkeepingthisworldsafe,insteadofbelievingit’salwayssomeoneelse’sjob.”Nadia’smum,Paula,saidsheis___28___proudofNadiafornotonlystandinguptoherbullies,butalsostandingupforwhatshebelievesin.“Itoldhershehadtwo___29___—shecouldeitherstopcollectingrubbish,stopattractingtheir___30___sothattheywouldleaveheralone,orshecouldfacethechallenge,bethe‘rubbishgirl’andkeepher___31___.”Asaresultofthelocalmediaattention,Nadiahascreatedagroupnamed“TeamRubbishGirl”,whereshesharesupdatesonhergreenefforts.Positive___32___havepouredin,allin___33___ofNadia,encouraginghertocarryonwiththegreenefforts.“Sweetheart,youareastarthat___34___reallybrightabovetherest.Holdyourheadhighandneverletothers___35___you.Youaredoingsomethingselflessandamazing.Shameonthebullies,”wroteoneofthelocalcitizensonherwebpage.21.A.Therefore B.However C.Besides D.Meanwhile22.A.pickingup B.takingoff C.givingaway D.leavingbehind23.A.Despite B.Without C.Dueto D.Thanksto24.A.disabled B.homeless C.planet D.business25.A.start B.enjoy C.practise D.stop26.A.discover B.protect C.repair D.understand27.A.responsible B.ready C.grateful D.available28A.hardly B.generally C.barely D.extremely29.A.goals B.choices C.problems D.friends30.A.strength B.conclusion C.attention D.energy31.A.balance B.promise C.number D.faith32.A.effects B.results C.ments D.experiences33.A.charge B.honour C.search D.support34.A.shines B.falls C.burns D.pares35.A.praise B.discourage C.improve D.wele【答案】21.B22.A23.A24.C25.D26.B27.A28.D29.B30.C31.D32.C33.D34.A35.B【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了英国高中的一名学生因其环保方式而被欺凌者称为“垃圾女孩”，她没有被消极的观点打倒，而是继续为绿色环保作出贡献。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这并没有阻止她清理环境。A.Therefore因此；B.However然而；C.Besides此外；D.Meanwhile与此同时。上文“AstudentatHellesdonHighSchoolinEnglandhasbeencalled“RubbishGirl”forherenvironmentally­friendlyways.(英国赫尔斯顿高中的一名学生因其环保方式而被称为“垃圾女孩”。)”和下文“thathasnotstoppedherfromcleaninguptheenvironment.(这并没有阻止她清理环境)”是转折关系，应用however，故选B。【22题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：自去年9月以来，12岁的娜迪亚一直用自行车上的篮子沿着两英里的上下学路线收拾垃圾。A.pickingup捡起；B.takingoff起飞；C.givingaway捐赠；D.leavingbehind留下。由上文“thathasnotstoppedherfromcleaninguptheenvironment.”可知，Nadia一直努力清理环境，由此可知，她应该是捡起地上的垃圾，以此来保护环境，故选A。【23题详解】考查介词（短语）词义辨析。句意：尽管娜迪亚的出发点是好的，但她所在学校的一些孩子还是给她取了个绰号“垃圾女孩”，并因为她为拯救地球所做的无私努力而欺负她。A.Despite尽管；B.Without没有；C.Dueto由于；D.Thanksto由于。前文“hergoodintentions”和下文“someofthekidsatNadia’sschoolhavenicknamed(给……起绰号)her“RubbishGirl”andhavebulliedherforherselflesseffortstohelpthe_____”是转折关系，应用despite表示转折让步关系，故选A。【24题详解】考查形容词（名词）词义辨析。句意：尽管娜迪亚的出发点是好的，但她所在学校的一些孩子还是给她取了个绰号“垃圾女孩”，并因为她为拯救地球所做的无私努力而欺负她。A.disabled残疾的；B.homeless无家可归的；C.planet星球；地球；D.business商业。由下文“theworldwhichtheyalsolivein”可知，Nadia捡垃圾以此来保护环境，这是在保护我们的地球，故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我不会因为他们而停止做正确的事情，”她说。A.start开始；B.enjoy喜欢；C.practise练习；D.stop停止。由下文“Butinsteadoflettingthembringherdown,she’susingtheirnegativityasmotivation(动力).”可知，Nadia没有受到打击，而是将消极情绪作为动力，这说明她不会因为人们给她起外号嘲笑她而停止捡垃圾。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在做一些事情来保护他们生活的世界。A.discover发现；B.protect保护；C.repair修理；D.understand理解。上文提到“thathasnotstoppedherfromcleaninguptheenvironment.”Nadia通过捡垃圾来保护环境可知，这是一种保护地球的方式，故选B。【27题详