2023-2024学年北京市朝阳区高一下学期期末英语试题（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2023-2024学年北京市朝阳区高一下学期期末英语试题一、选词填空-句子：本大题共1小题，共10分。1.assume

comeacross

indicate

admire

ontheedgeofpromote

proceedwith

referto

runout(of)

takechargeof(1)Mary________patiencewaitingforthebusthatwasanhourlate.(2)Theproblemshavebeenfixedandwecan________theworknow.(3)Johnwas________winningthegamewhenhefellandbrokehisankle.(4)Ifthereisanyquestion,please________ourwebsiteformoreinformation.(5)Ifthemanagerretiressoon,Jack________thecompanyandmakechanges.(6)Theculturalfestivalaimsto________friendshipbetweenthetwocountries.(7)Abuyeralways________thecontentsarewonderfulifthepackageiswrappedwell.(8)Thesoldiershavedonea(n)________jobinmakingsurethatallthesuppliesgotthrough.(9)WhileIwasreadingthenewspaper,I________aninterestingarticleaboutspaceexploration.(10)Lessonsfromhistory________thatthemostsuccessfultechnologiesarethosethatmaketheirmarksocially.二、阅读理解：本大题共14小题，共28分。ADotheselooklikeskates?They’reMoonwalkers,battery-poweredshoeswithwheels.Theyarebilledas“theworld’sfastestshoes”.HowdoMoonwalkerswork?FixMoonwalkerstoyourshoes,powerthemon,andbeginwalking.TheartificialintelligencesottwaredrivingMoonwalkersmeasuresandadjusts(调整)on-the-flytoboththeterrain(地形)you’reonandthewayyouwalk,providingsafeandenjoyablewalkingexperience.Moonwalkersmoveonlywhenyoudo.Theysensewhenyou’respeedinguporslowingdown.LOCKmodeallowsyoutogoupanddownstairsconfidently.WhydoyouchooseMoonwalkers?·Walkatthespeedofarun:Gettowhereyou’regoinginlessthanhalfthetimeitnormallytakes.Withatopspeedof7mph,Moonwalkersimproveeverystep.·Expand(扩大)yourfootprint:Moonwalkersmakewalkingmanycityblocks,evenfurther,nosweat.·Lessstress:Lesswalkingequalslessstressonyourbody.Moonwalkersfeatureauser-friendlysystemthathelpsyounaturallymaintainmobilityandbalance.·Freedomtogoanywhere:Testedondirtandmuchmore,Moonwalkerscanhandleourcurrentcityandallowyoutowalkahilllikeit’snothing.Also,Moonwalkerscansurvivewalkingthroughrain.Despitetheirwideuses,theyarenotrollerskates,sotheydonotfreewheel,ever.Whatisthemaximumuserweight?Moonwalkerscansupportamaximumuserweightof220lbs(100kg).Ifyouweighmorethan220lbs,youcanstilluseMoonwalkersbutwillexperienceslightlyreducedperformanceincertainedgecases.

2.WhatcanweknowaboutMoonwalkers?A.Theyarepoweredbywalking. B.Theyhelpwithstairclimbing.

C.Theyareassistedbytechnology. D.Theycanreplaceordinaryshoes.3.WithMoonwalkers,usersmay________.A.walkasfastastheylike

B.practisetheirskatingskills

C.challengetheirsensesofbalance

D.travelfurtherwithlesstiredness4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmightaffecttheMoonwalkers’function?A.Thehillyterrain. B.Therainyweather.

C.Theuserweight. D.Thewalkingdistance.BStephputsomeflowers“borrowed”fromherneighbourMrsRobinson’sgardennexttohercoldbreakfastandcostlyplates,andtookaphoto.Shewantedtobrightenthecoloursonherpicture.Choosingafilter(滤镜),shenoticedTrueBeautydownloadedbefore.Herpicturelookedperfectwiththatfilter.Sheposteditonthesocialmediaforher15kfollowers,hopingtheywouldwishtohavethesamelifeassheshowed.Thenshethrewawaythefoodnowthatitwascold.Stephwassurprisedtogetsofewlikesandsomanynegativecomments.Shelookedagainatthepictureshehadposted.Herpictureshowedahorriblebreakfastwithfliesalloverthemandtheflowersweredead.Shetriedtodelete(删除)thephoto,butshecouldn’t.Justthen,shereceivedamessage.Stephread:DearUser,Iknowthateachofyoutrulycaresaboutshowingyourself.Areyouasbeautifulontheinsideasontheoutside?Ifyouwantyourpicturestoshowtherealyou,itˈstimetobeasbeautifulinreallifeasonyoursocialmedia.Love,TrueBeautyPS.Youcan’tremovethefilterordeletethepicturesyoupostedusingit.AfterthefirsttimeyouuseTrueBeauty,itwillchangeallyourphotosfromthatmomenton!Stephmadeheraccountprivatetohidetheuglypictures.Shedidn’twanttodoanythingifshecouldn’tpostphotosofherlife.Withnothingtodo,shewentdownstairs,pastMrsRobinson’sgarden.Shenoticedthesmelloftheflowersforthefirsttime.Lovely!ThenshesawMrsRobinsonwateringtheplants.Sheofferedtohelp.Acoupleofhourslater,theyweredonewiththework.Stephhadenjoyedherselfalot.Theytookapicture,standingtogetherinfrontoftherosesandsmiling.LaterthateveningStephlookedatthepictureonherphone.Shechangedthecoloursalittlebit.Theroseslookedbeautifulanyway,withorwithoutanychanges.NothingcouldimprovethesmilesonherandMrsRobinson’sfaces.Areallybeautifulpicture!Shepostedthispicture.Itlookedexactlythesameonline!Shemadeheraccountpublicagainandaddedsometexttothephoto:Beautyinthegarden.5.WhydidStephpostthefilteredpictureonline?A.Toshowoffherlife. B.Totryoutanewfilter.

C.Tosharehertastybreakfast. D.Toteachphotographyskills.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutTrueBeauty?A.Itimprovestheuglypictures.

B.Itcallsonustobehavehonestly.

C.Itadvisesustohidecomments.

D.Itcaresaboutitsusers’feelings.7.HowdidStephfeelaboutgardeningwithMrsRobinson?A.Uplifted. B.Confused. C.Confident. D.Lucky.8.Whatwouldtheauthormostpossiblywritenext?A.Stephnolongerpostedherlifeonsocialmedia.

B.StephsuccessfullyremovedtheTrueBeautyapp.

C.Stephlearnedtoimproveherappreciationofbeauty.

D.Stephinspiredherfollowerstovaluetheirinnerself.CWhetherpicturingyournextvacationoranidealmarkforanimportantexam,itisenjoyabletoletyourmindwanderintodaydreaming.Alsodaydreamingallowsustomovementallyintimeandspace,rehearsing(预演)differentpossiblescenesofthefuture.However,whilethebenefitsofdaydreamingwerecomingtolight,psychologistEliSomerfoundthatsomeofhispatients’fantasieswerereplacingrealsocialinteractionsand,asaresult,wereundermining(逐渐削弱)theirabilitytomaintaindailyrelationships.Psychologistscallrepetitiveactionsthatholdbackanindividual’sabilitytocopewithdailylife“maladaptivebehaviours”.Inrecentyears,Somerhasteamedupwithotherstoexplorethebehaviour.Oneoftheirstudiescompared340maladaptivedaydreamerswiththecontrolgroup.Theformerreportedthattheirdaydreamswerehardtocontrolanddisturbedtheirlives.Theyspentanaverageof56percentoftheirwakinghoursinfantasyworldsfeaturingimaginarycharactersanddetailedplots(情节).Unlikeregulardaydreams,theirsofteninvolvedrockingfromsidetosideoruncontrollablefacialexpressions.Otherresearchsuggeststhatmaladaptivedaydreamscantakemanyforms,fromamusingtoserious,buttheytendtobemoreemotionallyintensethanregulardaydreams.Exploringthisbehaviourfurther,Somer’steamasked77peopletokeepadiaryoftheemotionsassociatedwiththeirmaladaptivedaydreaming.Thisrevealedthatitbroughtincreasesinnegativeemotions,alongwithsignsofdepression,socialanxietyandgeneralanxiety.Thestudyalsofoundthatmaladaptivedaydreamingwasabehaviouraladdiction.Thescientistswhofirstproposedthisin2018pointedoutthat,likemanyaddictivetendencies,itoffersamomentaryescapefromstressfulthoughtsandunfavourablerealities.“Manyprofessionalsobjecttotreatingmaladaptivedaydreamingasdisease,”saysSomer.Asyouwouldexpectforaconditionthatisn’tyetwidelyrecognised,treatmentandmanagementoptionsarestillbeingdevelopedandtested.Monitoringthebehaviour,itsconditionsandemotionalconsequences(后果)mayhelpindividualscontrolit.Also,practisingmindfulnessmeditationmaybehelpfulinstayinginthepresentratherthanescapingtofantasyworlds.Othertechniquesinvolverecordingoccurrencesofmaladaptivedaydreamingandpossiblecausesinajournal,andrewardingpersonalmilestonesinpreventingthesefantasies.Noam,anIsraelistudentwhohasbeenstrugglingwithmaladaptivedaydreaming,isproofthatmaladaptivedaydreamingcanbemanaged.JusttwomonthsafterstartingtreatmentwithSomer,hisdailydaydreaminghasfallenfrom16hourstoaround7hours.“Ireallywanttogetbetter,totakepleasureinmylifeasitisandtoloveonlythepeoplewhoarepartofmylifeanddeservemycare,”hesays.9.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Regulardaydreamstakeawiderrangeofforms.

B.Maladaptivedaydreamingismorelikelytobehabitual.

C.Moredetailedimaginaryplotsleadtobetterdaydreaming.

D.Feweremotionalchangesareseeninmaladaptivedaydreams.10.Asformaladaptivedaydreaming,whichwouldSomeragreewith?A.Expertsshouldtakeitseriously.

B.Itcanleadustopreviewfutureevents.

C.Itprovidesuswithanaccesstorelievingstress.

D.Keepingajournalhasprovedtobeitsreliablecure.11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tomakeacomparisonbetweentwokindsofdaydreaming.

B.Topresentthefindingsofstudiesonmaladaptivedaydreaming.

C.Tointroduceapproachestomanagingmaladaptivedaydreaming.

D.Toattachimportancetodealingwiththedarksideofdaydreaming.DBeingscooped(抢先)toadiscoveryisascientist’sleastdesirablething.“Yougetameaningfuladvantageforbeingfirst,butbeingscoopedmaynotbeasdamagingaspeopleseemtofear,”saysCarolynStein,aneconomistattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)inCambridge.Thehistoryofscienceisfullofcompetition.CharlesDarwinrushedouthisbookOntheOriginofSpeciesafterreceivingamanuscript(手稿)detailingsimilarideasfromAlfredRusselWallace,andIsaacNewton,GottfriedWilhelmLeibnizandtheirsupportersarguedoverwhoinventedcalculus.Despitethefameofthesecompetitions,scientistsknowlittleabouthowcreditissharedamongcompetingdiscoveries.Theoreticalmodelsanalysingpatent(专利)races,forinstance,oftensupposethattothewinnergoalltheadvantages.Intherealworld,however,creditforscientificdiscoveriesisunlikelytobewinner-takes-all.Thecostofbeingscoopedwasmoderate.Structuresthatweremadepublicsecondwereonly2.5%lesslikelyevertobepublished,althoughtheytendedtoappearinlessfamousjournalsthanwerestructurespublishedfirst.Asashareoftotalcitationsoutofa100,thefirstpaperwouldreceive58andthesecond42.Butwhenquestionedabouttheeffectsofbeingscooped,scientistsweremuchmorenegativethanthosedatashow.Theypredictedthat,outof100citations,ascoopedpaperwouldreceivejust29.Butnotallscientistswereputatadisadvantageequallyforcomingsecond.Whenresearchteamsatleadinguniversitieswerebeatenbyateamatalower-profilecollege,thesecond-placedteamgotslightlymorecitations.Andtheteamsattopdepartmentstookanevenlargershareofcitationswhentheydidthescooping.“Butthepsychologicaleffectsofbeingscoopedcannotbeignored,”saysVenkiRamakrishnan,astructuralbiologistinCambridge.Inthelate1990sandearly2000s,hisgroupracedseveralteamstodeterminethestructureoftheribosome,acellmachinethatproducesproteins.InSeptember2000,ateamledbyAdaYonathattheWeizmannInstituteinRehovot,publishedthestructureofaribosomesubunitinCellthatRamakrishnan’steamhadalsocharacterized.Ramakrishnan’sstudycameoutweekslaterinNature.“Forthatmonth,Iandmylabwereprettydepressing,”saysRamakrishnan.Theresearchersworriedthattheywouldn’treceiveproperrecognitionfortheirwork.Thatdidn’tturnouttobethecase.Ramakrishnan’sandYonath’steamsarebothcreditedwithworkingouttheribosomeandthescientistseachsharedone-thirdofthe2009Nobelchemistryprize.Ramakrishnan’spaperhasroughlytwiceasmanycitationsastheonethatscoopedit.Inthelongrun,itdidn’tmatter.12.WhydoestheauthormentionthebookOntheOriginofSpecies?A.Tostressthevalueofscooping.

B.Toshowdiscoveryracesarecommon.

C.Toillustratefamecomesfromdiscoveries.

D.Toexplainwhywinnersgettheadvantages.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“moderate”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Minor. B.High. C.Unclear. D.Controlled.14.AsforRamakrishnan’sconcernsonbeingscooped,theauthorconsidersit________.A.understandable B.unacceptable C.unnecessary D.unexpected15.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ScoopedinScience:Scientists’BadDream

B.ScientificDiscoveries:CitationsMatterorNot?

C.ScientificDiscoveries:ShouldWinnersTakeAll?

D.ScoopedinScience:CreditWillComeYourWay三、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共10分。Themomentanybirdwatcherspotsastrikingandunfamiliarbird,thefirstthingtheydoistopulloutaphoneandidentifythespecies.Thissuggestscuriosityisallaboutactingnow.Itdrivesustofindanswersassoonaspossible.Theimpatienceforanswersmirrorswhatpsychologiststhinkisamainfunctionofcuriosity:toreduceuncertainty.

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Inarecentstudy,scientistshavefoundthatitcanalsoinspiremorepatience,settingpeopleupforthosemomentsofdiscovery.Theyaskedmorethan2,000peopleaged19to76yearstowatchaseriesofshortvideos.Eachvideostartedwithablank(空白的)screen.

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Whiletheparticipantswatchedeachvideo,thescientistswouldaskthemhowcurioustheywereaboutwhatthedrawingwouldbecome.Theyalsomadeguessesaboutwhatthedrawingwasgoingtoturnintoandhowmuchjoyorannoyancetheyfelt.Interestingly,whenparticipantsweremorecurious,theyweremorelikelytocontinuewatching.

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Theexperimentalsorevealedthataspeoplewatchedthevideo,curiositywouldchangeacrossthejourney.Yetregardlessofhowcuriositychanged,peoplewithgreatercuriositytendtoengageintheprocess.

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First,itunderlinesthecomplexityofcuriosity,openingnewpathsforresearchtoexploreitsvarieties.Italsohighlightsthesignificanceofengagingwithuncertainty:Havingtoconsiderandpredictanswerscanimprovelearningandmemory,andcuriositycanpromotebrainstatesthathelpusstorenewinformation.Learningnewthingscanbechallenging.

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A．Butthispictureofcuriosityisincomplete.B．However,curiositymakespeopleeagerforknowledge.C．Thepossibleeffectsoftheresearcharereallyimpressive.D．Sowhenuncertaintywasgreatest,curiositywasexperiencedwithjoy.E．Alinewouldthenappearandmovearound,graduallytakingashape.F．Inotherwords,highercuriositymotivatedpeopletoslowdownandbepatient.G．However,makinggooduseofcuriositycanhelpusenjoytheprocessoflearning.16.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G四、完形填空：本大题共10小题，共15分。In2022,JeffandhissonJohnnyparticipatedintheIronmancompetitioninCambridge.However,theywerenotthe

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competitors.Johnnyhaddifficultyinwalking,soJeffactedashisarmsandlegs,

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theweightofhissonthroughtherace.Thecompetitionisreally

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.Participantshavetofinishatriathlon(铁人三项赛)with140milesofswimming,cycling,andrunninginunder17hours.JeffandJohnnyhadtriedfivetimes,buttheyhadyetfinishedintime.Tothem,theIronmanwasawaytoimprovethemselves.Everyfailed

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onlyfueledtheirdesiretoprovethemselvestobemoredetermined.Sotheyenteredthe2022triathlon,hopingfora

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.Theracebeganwitha2.4-mileswim.JeffhelpedJohnnyintoakayak(独木舟),andeasedhimselfintothewater,

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hissonwitharopetiedtothekayak.Eventhoughitwashard,thepairfinishedtheswimin90minutes.Aftercompletingthedemandingcyclinginninehours,theysettheirsightsonthefinal

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:a26.2-milemarathonwithJeffpushingJohnnyinaracingchair.Havingbeencompetingfor10.5hours,atmile19,Jeffstartedtoworry,realizingtheyweregoingtooslow,sothey

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thepace.With200feettothefinishline,Johnnybegantowalkonhisown.Heworriedhecouldn’tmakethecutoff.After16hours,55minutesand35seconds—withjust4minutesand25secondsto

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—fatherandsoncrossedthefinishlinetogether.Asthecrowdcheeredonthem,JeffandJohnnylookedbackatthefinishline.Theyknewthiswasn’ttheendofarace.Itwasthebeginningofanew

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,filledwithhopeandcourage.21.A.typical B.serious C.qualified D.passionate22.A.shifting B.testing C.carrying D.cutting23.A.boring B.tough C.joyous D.relaxing24.A.attempt B.reaction C.request D.arrangement25.A.future B.reward C.survival D.breakthrough26.A.striking B.pushing C.dragging D.wrapping27.A.proposal B.choice C.solution D.challenge28.A.pickedup B.keptup C.wentthrough D.sloweddown29.A.waste B.spare C.wait D.save30.A.career B.attitude C.opportunity D.chapter五、单句语法填空：本大题共10小题，共10分。31.Ihaveafriendwith________Ishareapassionfortraveling.(用适当的词填空)32._______concernstherescuersmostisthesafetyofthechildren.(用适当的词填空)33.Weshouldavoid________(leave)thelightsonwhenwegoout.(所给词的适当形式填空)34.Iremembertheyear________wespentoursummervacationatthebeach.(用适当的词填空)35.Theletter,________(write)ineleganthandwriting,wasapleasuretoread.(所给词的适当形式填空)36._______(keep)themselvesawake，theysatonthefloorandtoldeachotherstories.（用单词的适当形式完成句子）37.Ithinkwritinginformationdownalways________(make)iteasierforyoutoreviewitlater.(所给词的适当形式填空)38.LastJuly,itrainedheavilyinthesouth,________(cause)seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.(所给词的适当形式填空)39.Overthepasttenyears,he________(overcome)variousdifficultiesinhiscareer,achievingremarkablesuccessandrecognition.(所给词的适当形式填空)40.Lastyear,thecompany’sCEO________(award)“BestoftheYear”forhisoutstandingleadershipandhisgreatcontributiontothecompany’ssuccess.(所给词的适当形式填空)六、阅读表达：本大题共1小题，共10分。41.Howcanweavoidfoodwasteinourdailylife?RaynerLoihasgothisownway.Hekeepsanoteonhisphonewithdetailsofthefoodthatgoesbadeveryweekathishome.Thatway,whenhegoestothesupermarket,hehasabetterideaofhowmuchfoodheactuallyeatsinaweek,andcanadjusthisshoppingaccordingly.Hebelievesindividualactionlikethisisimportanttosolvetheproblemoffoodwaste,buthe’salsogothissightssethigher.In2017hefoundedLumitics,acompanythattracksfoodwasteonalargescale—withtheaimofhelpinghotelsandairlines,whichservethousandsofmealsaday,figureouthowmuchavoidablewastethey’reproducing.Equippedwithweightsensors,cameras,andAItechnology,Lumitics’smartgarbagecans(垃圾箱)canrecognizeandtrackthetypeandamountoffoodthatgetsthrownout—includingwhetherit’sspoiled,uneatenorkitchenwaste.Asaresult,itscustomerscanusethedataofthewastetoadjusttheamountoffoodtheyprepareorbuy,leadingtoagreatwastereduction.Forinstance,Lumiticshashelpedthehotelsitworkswithreducefoodwasteconsiderably,keepingmorethan300,000mealsoutoflandfillsin2019.Thecompanyisalsobeneficialforitscustomers’economicoutcomes.Hotelrestaurantsoftenoperateonrelativelythinprofits,“soanysavingsforthemactuallyisreallysignificantfortheirbusiness,”hesays.LoigottheideaforLumiticswhen,whileworkinginSingapore,hesawkidsgohungry.Heseesfoodwasteasoneofthemostoverlookedproblemsfacingtheworld.“Ithinkmygenerationdesperatelylongformeaningandpurposeinourlives,sowewanttoworkonchallengingproblemsandcreatesolutionsthatwillbringaboutdeepimpactfortheworld,”hesays,“whatourgroupwanttoachieveisreallyclearintermsofthenumberofmealssavedandtheamountofcarbonemissions(排放)avoided.”(1)HowdoesRaynerLoiknowhowmuchfoodheeatsinaweek?____________________________________________________________________________________________(2)WhatbenefitsdoesLumiticsbringtoitscustomers?___________________________________________________________________________________________(3)Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatementthenunderlineitandexplainwhy.RaynerLoiwasinspiredtofoundLumiticsbyhisexperienceoffoodshortageinhisownlife.___________________________________________________________________________________________(4)ApartfromRaynerLoi’swayofsavingfood,howdoyouavoidfoodwasteinyourdailylife?(Inabout40words)___________________________________________________________________________________________七、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共25分。42.假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你从外国好友Jim的来信中得知他在申请联合国志愿者项目（UNVolunteers），你也有意参加。请给他写一封英文邮件，内容包括：1.说明你感兴趣的志愿服务种类和原因；2.询问项目相关信息。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

答案解析1.【答案】【小题1】ranoutof

【小题2】proceedwith

【小题3】ontheedgeof

【小题4】referto【小题5】willtakechargeof

【小题6】promote

【小题7】assumes

【小题8】admirable【小题9】cameacross【小题10】indicate【解析】1.

考查固定短语。句意：玛丽在等迟到一小时的公共汽车时失去了耐心。根据“patiencewaitingforthebusthatwasanhourlate”以及句意“用完”可知应填runoutof，根据后文was可知为一般过去时。故填ranoutof。

2.

考查固定短语。句意：问题已经解决，我们现在可以继续工作了。根据“Theproblemshavebeenfixed”以及句意“继续”可知应填proceedwith，且can后跟动词原形。故填proceedwith。3.

考查固定短语。句意：约翰刚要赢得比赛就摔倒了，摔断了脚踝。根据“winningthegamewhenhefellandbrokehisankle”以及句意“非常接近”可知应填ontheedgeof，故填ontheedgeof。

4.

考查固定短语。句意：如果有任何疑问，请参考我们的网站了解更多信息。根据“ourwebsiteformoreinformation”以及句意“参考”可知应填referto，此处为肯定祈使句。故填referto。

5.

考查固定短语。句意：如果经理很快退休，杰克将接管公司并进行改革。根据“Ifthemanagerretiressoon”以及句意“接管”可知应填takechargeof，此处为主将从现，主句为一般将来时。故填willtakechargeof。

6.

考查动词。句意：文化节的目的是促进两国之间的友谊。根据“friendshipbetweenthetwocountries”以及句意“促进”可知应填动词promote，且上文为不定式作宾语。故填promote。

7.

考查动词。句意：如果包装得好，买家总是认为里面的东西很好。根据“thecontentsarewonderfulifthepackageiswrappedwell”以及句意“认为”可知应填动词assume，结合always可知为一般现在时，主语为buyer，谓语用三单形式。故填assumes。

8.

考查形容词。句意：士兵们做了一件令人钦佩的工作，确保所有的补给品都运达。根据“makingsurethatallthesuppliesgotthrough”以及句意“令人钦佩的”可知应填形容词admirable，修饰名词job。故填admirable。

9.

考查固定短语。句意：当我在看报纸的时候，我看到了一篇关于太空探索的有趣文章。根据“aninterestingarticleaboutspaceexploration”以及句意“偶然遇见”可知应填comeacross，发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填cameacross。

10.

考查动词。句意：历史的教训表明，最成功的技术是那些在社会上留下印记的技术。根据“thatthemostsuccessfultechnologiesarethosethatmaketheirmarksocially”以及句意“表明”可知应填动词indicate，作谓语，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为复数名词，谓语用原形。故填indicate。2~4.【答案】C、D、C【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一款名为Moonwalkers的鞋子的情况。

1.

细节理解题。根据HowdoMoonwalkerswork?部分第一段中“TheartificialintelligencesottwaredrivingMoonwalkersmeasuresandadjusts(调整)on-the-flytoboththeterrain(地形)you’reonandthewayyouwalk,providingsafeandenjoyablewalkingexperience.(驱动Moonwalkers的人工智能软件会根据你所处的地形和行走方式进行测量和调整，为你提供安全和愉快的行走体验)”可知，Moonwalkers得到了技术的帮助。故选C。

2.

细节理解题。根据WhydoyouchooseMoonwalkers?部分中“·Expand(扩大)yourfootprint:Moonwalkersmakewalkingmanycityblocks,evenfurther,nosweat.(·扩大你的足迹：Moonwalkers可以让你走很多街区，甚至更远，毫不费力)”可知，有了Moonwalkers，用户可以在不那么疲劳的情况下走得更远。故选D。

3.

细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ifyouweighmorethan220lbs,youcanstilluseMoonwalkersbutwillexperienceslightlyreducedperformanceincertainedgecases.(如果你的体重超过220磅，你仍然可以使用月球漫步者，但在某些极端情况下，性能会略有下降)”可知，用户体重会影响Moonwalkers的功能。故选C。5~8.【答案】A、B、A、D【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了曾经爱慕虚荣的斯蒂芬收到了TrueBeauty的信息，要求她展示真实的自我，于是她和罗宾逊太太一起做园艺振奋精神，玩的很高兴。

1.

细节理解题。根据第一段“Herpicturelookedperfectwiththatfilter.Sheposteditonthesocialmediaforher15kfollowers,hopingtheywouldwishtohavethesamelifeassheshowed.Thenshethrewawaythefoodnowthatitwascold.(她的照片用那个滤镜看起来很完美。她在社交媒体上为她的1.5万名粉丝发布了这张照片，希望他们也能过上和她一样的生活。然后她扔掉了食物，因为它已经冷了)”可知，斯蒂芬把这张添加滤镜的照片上传到网上是为了炫耀她的生活。故选A。

2.

细节理解题。根据表格中“PS.Youcan’tremovethefilterordeletethepicturesyoupostedusingit.AfterthefirsttimeyouuseTrueBeauty,itwillchangeallyourphotosfromthatmomenton!(PS：你不能删除滤镜，也不能删除你用它发布的照片。在你第一次使用TrueBeauty之后，它将从那一刻起改变你所有的照片！)”可知，TrueBeauty要求我们诚实行事。故选B。

3.

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“ThenshesawMrsRobinsonwateringtheplants.Sheofferedtohelp.Acoupleofhourslater,theyweredonewiththework.Stephhadenjoyedherselfalot.Theytookapicture,standingtogetherinfrontoftherosesandsmiling.(然后她看见罗宾逊太太在给植物浇水。她主动提出帮忙。几个小时后，他们完成了工作。斯蒂芬玩得很开心。他们一起站在玫瑰前，微笑着照了相)”可知，斯蒂芬觉得和罗宾逊太太一起做园艺振奋精神。故选A。

4.

推理判断题。根据最后一段“LaterthateveningStephlookedatthepictureonherphone.Shechangedthecoloursalittlebit.Theroseslookedbeautifulanyway,withorwithoutanychanges.NothingcouldimprovethesmilesonherandMrsRobinson’sfaces.Areallybeautifulpicture!Shepostedthispicture.Itlookedexactlythesameonline!Shemadeheraccountpublicagainandaddedsometexttothephoto:Beautyinthegarden.(那天晚上晚些时候，斯蒂芬看着手机里的照片。她稍微改变了一下颜色。不管有没有变化，玫瑰看起来都很漂亮。什么也不能使她和罗宾逊太太脸上的笑容更加灿烂。真是一幅美丽的画！她发了这张照片。在网上看起来一模一样!她再次公开了自己的账户，并在照片上加上了一些文字：花园里的美人)”可知，作者接下来最有可能写斯蒂芬鼓励她的追随者重视内心的自我。故选D。9~11.【答案】B、A、D【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了不适应白日梦会导致负面情绪的增加，以及行为成瘾等问题。

1.

细节理解题。根据第四段“Thestudyalsofoundthatmaladaptivedaydreamingwasabehaviouraladdiction.(研究还发现，不适应白日梦是一种行为成瘾)”可知，不适应白日梦更可能成瘾。故选B。

2.

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““Manyprofessionalsobjecttotreatingmaladaptivedaydreamingasdisease,”saysSomer.Asyouwouldexpectforaconditionthatisn’tyetwidelyrecognised,treatmentandmanagementoptionsarestillbeingdevelopedandtested.(“许多专业人士反对把不适应白日梦当作疾病来对待，”萨默说。正如你所期望的那样，这种疾病尚未得到广泛认可，治疗和管理方案仍在开发和测试中)”可知，对于不适应白日梦，萨默认为专家们应该认真对待。故选A。

3.

推理判断题。根据第一段“However,whilethebenefitsofdaydreamingwerecomingtolight,psychologistEliSomerfoundthatsomeofhispatients’fantasieswerereplacingrealsocialinteractionsand,asaresult,wereundermining(逐渐削弱)theirabilitytomaintaindailyrelationships.(然而，当白日做梦的好处逐渐显现的时候，心理学家EliSomer发现，他的一些病人的幻想取代了真实的社会交往，结果削弱了他们维持日常关系的能力)”结合文章主要说明了不适应白日梦会导致负面情绪的增加，以及行为成瘾等问题。可知，文章的主要目的是重视处理白日梦的阴暗面。故选D。12~15.【答案】B、A、C、D【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学界存在发现竞争的情况，有些人担心被他人抢先发表了发现，但事实上这是不必要的担心。

1.

推理判断题。根据第二