湖南长沙博物馆三国吴简导游词

TheExhibitionofInscribedBambooTabletsofWuKingdomoftheThreeKingdomsatChangsha

Ladiesandgentlemen,

Youmayaskthat,whywerethebambootabletsofWuKingdomburiedinthewell?Therearetwostatements.ThefirstoneconsideredthatintheperiodofThreeKingdoms,thereweresomanywars,thesuddenlyburst-outwarmadepeopleburythemhereinahurry.Theotherconsideredthattoburytheminthewellmaybeawayofdealingwiththerecordsinthepast.

Nowpleaselookatthephoto.ThisisthephotoofunearthingtheNo.22well.Wecanseethatthebambootabletsandwoodenslipsweresoakedinthemud.Whycantheybekeptintactforover1700years?OneoftheimportantreasonsisthatthegroundwaterlevelinChangshawasveryhigh,andthebambootabletsandwoodenslipsweresoakedinthewater.Besides,theywereburieddeeply;theycanbesealedupwall.Withthese,theycanbekeptintactforover1700years.

Next,let'svisitthesecondexhibitionroom.Inthisroomwecangetthedetailedintroductionofthebambootabletsandwoodenslips.Beforewevisit,Ihaveaquestiontoask.Doyouknowwhetherthewordsonthebambootabletsandwoodenslipswerewrittenorcarvedonthem?Withthequestion,let'slookatthephotoofthepotteryfigurine.ThispotteryfigurinewasunearthedinaWesternJintombinJinpenlinginChangshain1950s.Ontheleftofthephotothereisamanhandingawoodenslipandreadingsomething,themanontherightwhowereholdingahairpencilinahandandawoodenslipintheotherwaswritingsomething.Thepotteryfigurineshowsustheconditionofancientswritingonthebambootabletsandwoodenslips.Now,wecansay,thewordonthebambootabletsandslipswerewrittenonthem.Didyouguessit?

Well,letushavealookatthismap.Thoughtheseriesarchaeologicalexcavationaroundthe“Wuyisquare”byourarchaeologicalworkers,wehavepreliminarilydefinedtheregionoftheancientChangsha.Itextendsnorthwardto“LaoZhaobi”,southwardto“PoziStreet”,eastwardto“Cai’eRoad”andwestwardto“ShangheStreet”whichshapedrectangle.AndthecenterofChangshaistoday’s“WuyiSquare,which,wecansay,hasn’tchangedbasicallynearly3000years.

Thefirstkindisdocument.Itcanbesubdividedintotwoparts.Oneisthelandrentdocumentwith0.5mlong,2.5cmwideand100to200Chinesecharacterson.Theotheristheofficialdocumentwhichrecordedthedistributionandexchangingofmoney,crops,andgoodsamongdifferentgovernmentalsetups.Pleaselookatthissmallerslice.Itisaclassifiedlabel.ItshowsusamonthlyreportrecordedbytwoofficialsnamedHuangWeiandPanlvinthefirstyearofJiaHeperiod.

Second,aboutjudicature,whichrecordedsomedetailcontentsandeconomiccases,suchasthetrying,appealingandreexamining?What'sonthiswoodentabletisanindividualcaseaboutaDuYou.DuYouisakindofgovernmentofficial.Hewassentencedtodeathforhiscorruptnessofsalt,buthewasnotconvincedandappealedtoahighcourt.However,thereexaminingdidnotmakethejudgechange.Sohehadnothingtodobutaccept.

Thethirdkindisdirectory,somewhatlikethehouseholdandregisteredbookstoday.Let'slookatthisslice.HeretheChinesecharacter“RongLi”wasanameofsomeplaceinChangsha.ThiswholesentencemeansthereisamannamedHeQin,55yearsold,livedinRongLi.HisdukedomisGongCheng.Andhere"SuanYi"meanscanbecountedasoneofataxpayer;"XingLiangZu"referstowhoselegshadbeencutoff.Thedirectoryservedasaregisteredpermanentresident,whichputdownpeople'sname,age,positionandsomethingwecan'tfindinourregisteredpermanentresident---physicalcondition.

Thefourthoneiscallingcard.Itmainlyreferredtopayingrespect,givinggiftandadministrativeaffairs,asvisitingcardsweusetoday.

ThelastkindisthewoodentabletonaccountwhichrecordedthemanagingaccountofdepartmentsbelongstoChangshagovernment.

Pleaselookatthesehistoricalrelicsagain.ThisblueandgreenporcelainintheThreeKingdomsandTowJinDynastieswerediscoveredinZouMalouancientwell.Look,theirglazedcolorsissparkingandcrystal-clear,thedecoratearesimpleandelement.Thesecondamongthemiscalled"Chichen-HeadPotting",thepottingiscoronalform,guidestheneckandproceededhigh,andthemodelingofitisverybeautiful.ThesepottingwereverypopularinJinDynasty.Theywereusedaspitcherandchalice.

Thesekindsofinscribedwoodenslipsandinscribedwoodentabletsaremadeinshirtwoods.Thequalityofthesetreesispre-pressing.Itisintacttokeep.Therawmaterialsofinscribedbambooslipsisbamboowhosequalityisloose,aptandcrookedandoutofshape,soitindisplayingandneedpresswhenexhibiting.Theancientshaveseveralprocedurestomakethebambooslips.First,theycutthebamboointobambooslips,andthenburnishedtheminordertomakethemsmooth,thesesmoothslipscalled“Jian”.Butpeoplecouldnotwriteonthewetbambooslips.Then,theyroasteddrythewetbambooslips.Whileroasting,therewassomewatersteamingout.Thewaterlookedlikesweet,sopeoplecalledthose“SweetQing”o