译林版高中英语选择性必修第一册Unit1 Food matters Part 3 Extended reading,Project,Assessment Further study练习含答案

Unit1FoodmattersPart3Extendedreading,Project,Assessment&Furtherstudy基础过关练Ⅰ.单词拼写1.This(概念)hasbeensuccessfullyappliedtomanyfields.

2.(2021新高考Ⅰ)Theamazingfoodismainly(吃)bylocalfarmers.

3.(2022天津)Whenpeoplearedepressed,someexperiencealossof(食欲)whileotherscan'tstopeating.

4.Itis(极其重要的)thattheseapplicationformsshouldbesentasearlyaspossible.

5.Theearthquakecauseddamagetopestimatedat$6million.

Ⅱ.一词多义(2022浙江)Thisworkexpandedmymindinwaysthatareimpossibleinsidethefourwallsofaclassroom.词性:词义:

2.Ourgovernmentistakingeffectivemeasurestoexpandemploymentforcollegegraduates.词性:词义:

3.Thereporterexpandedonthegreatdamagecausedbythefloodforthepurposeofbetterrescuework.词性:词义:

Ⅲ.单句语法填空1.Thisallowsthemtorespondmore(appropriate)totheusers.

2.(2021北京)Theimplicationsofmusiconoverallwell-beingarereally(impress).

3.It'shightimethatweplacedgreatemphasistheimprovementoffoodsafety.

4.(2024湖南株洲月考)Bewillingtoembracenewchallenges,astheyprovideopportunitiesforgrowthand(innovate).

5.Ifthepilotprojectissuccessful,theprogramme(expand)tomanymorecities.

6.isestimatedthatsheneedstodotheexperimentinthelabforthreedays.

7.Ourcountry'spriority(首要事情)isrightly(stimulate)theeconomy.

8.Overathirdofthepopulationwasestimated(have)noaccesstothehealthservice.

Ⅳ.完成句子1.一些人在压力下崩溃,而另一些人即使有压力也做得很好。Afewpeople,whileothersdowelldespitethepressure.

2.Hehasmadesogreatanimprovementthattheteachersareverysatisfiedwithhim.(句型转换)→Hehasmadetheteachersareverysatisfiedwithhim.

3.历史遗迹以其惊人的美丽给作家留下了深刻的印象,这是灵感的重要来源。Historicsites,whichareagreatsourceofinspiration,.

4.据说罗伯特在国外读过书,但我不知道他在哪个国家读的书。(一句多译)①Roberthasstudiedabroad,butIdon'tknowwhichcountryhestudiedin.(it作形式主语)

②Robertabroad,butIdon'tknowwhichcountryhestudiedin.(动词不定式)

能力提升练Ⅰ.课文语法填空Sichuanhotpots,NanjingsaltedduckandCantonesedimsumare1(tradition)Chinesefoods.Theyareallveryfamous.

Sichuanhotpotsaresuitableforthedamp,foggyclimatewheretheywereinvented.Sichuanhotpotsarebelieved2(invent)inthelateQingDynastyasawayfor3(boatman)ontheYangtzeRivertokeepwarmduringthecoldandwetwinters.Gradually,itrangesfromasimpledeliciousdishby4(boil)vegetables,chilliesandSichuanpeppersinwater5multipleoptionsofsoups,vegetables,meatsandsauces,appealingtopeopleofdifferenttastes.

Nanjing'smostfamousfoodexportissaltedduck,6isjuicyandsalty.7takesseveraldaystoprepareeachNanjingsaltedduck.AlocalhistorybookfromthelateQingDynastypraisedit,8(say)itwaswithoutequal.

InGuangzhou,morningteais9essentialpartofthedailyroutine.Thoughteahouses10(be)commoninChinasincetheTangDynasty,theCantoneseinnovationofthemid-19thcenturywastoserveteatogetherwithvariouslightdishes,ordimsum.TodayGuangzhou'srestaurantsstimulatecustomers'appetitewithmorethanathousandofferings,eachmoredelicateanddeliciousthanthelast.

1.2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

Ⅱ.语法填空(2024江苏盐城八校期中联考)ForChinesepeople,nothingismorecommonthandrinkinghotwatereveryday.Different1Westerners'drinkingcoldwaterathomeorinrestaurants,Chinesepeoplearealwaysseencarryingvacuumcupswhicheverseasonitis.Whydotheyhavea2(prefer)forhotwater?

Inthepast,theauthoritiessuggested3(drink)boiledwatertopreventinfectiousdiseases,becauseitwas4(general)consideredawaytokilloffbacteria(细菌).Evennow,equippinghotwaterdispensers(饮水机)5(recommend)inpublicplaceslikeschools,hospitalsandrailwaystations.

AnotherreasonisChinesepeople'seatinghabits.It'sbelievedthathotwaterhelpskeepthebody'sinternaltemperature,6canbebeneficialtohealthbyimprovingbloodcirculationanddigestion.7iswidelyacceptedinChinathatdrinkingaglassofwarmwaterinthemorninghelpskick-startthedigestivesystem.

Finally,traditionalChinesemedicineplacesgreatemphasisontheconceptofyinandyang,wherehotwaterisconsidered8(be)yangandcoldwateryin.It'sbelievedthatdrinkinghotwatercanbalanceyinandyanginthebodyandleadto9(good)overallhealthincoldweatherconditions.

Sonexttimeyouhaveacold,willyoustillbe10(confuse)aboutaChinesefriend'stipfordrinkingmorehotwater?

1.2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

Ⅲ.阅读理解(2024湖南湘西阶段练习)Parentsannoyedbytheirlittleones'pickyfoodchoicesoftensighinanger,thinking,“They'llgrowoutofitbycollege.”Maybenot,suggestsanewstudyfromBowlingGreenStateUniversityinOhio.Someyoungpeoplecontinuetheirpickyeatingintoearlyadulthood,oftenloweringtheirdietsto10foodsorevenfewer.Suchadeficientdietcanmeanthey'renotgettingthefibre(纤维)andvegetablestheyneed,whichcouldbeahealthproblem.Thestudyalsosuggestspickyeatersmayalsobeexperiencingotherchallengessuchassocialphobias(恐惧症),includingaroundeating.Thesocialphobiaisthefearofbeingjudgedbyothersduringeverydayactivities,oftengeneratingfearorembarrassment.Forthestudy,researcherssurveyed488Midwesterncollegestudents.About40%ofthestudentswereidentifiedaspickyeaters.Andabout65%ofthoserespondentssaidtheyatefewerthan10foods.“Weaskedparticipantstojusttelluswhatchallengespickyeatingmighthavehadoranybenefitstheymightsee,andtheanswersvariedfrompersontopersonintermsofwhathadaneffectonthem,”saidco-authorLaurenDial,adoctoralstudentatBowlingGreenStateUniversityatthetimeofthestudy.Manyindicatedthey'deatlessornotatalloutsidethehome.One19-year-oldmansaidhe'ddrinkwaterhalfthetimeduetohispickyeating,accordingtothestudy.Another18-year-oldsaid,“SometimestherearesomeawkwardcommentswhenIameatingwithmygirlfriendandherfamily.”A23-year-oldwomansaidherparentswouldgetfrustratedatherrefusaltotrythefoodsshewasserved.“Pickyeatingdoeshavealottodowiththepresentationoffoods(howthey'representedonaplate),andthetexture(口感)offoods,”Dialsaid,“butthere'salsofearoftryingnewfoodsandthatmightcausepickyeating.”Bylearningmoreaboutpickyeatinginadults,theresearcherssaidtheymightbeabletodeterminehowbesttointervene(干预)beforetheproblembecomesmoresevereforsomepeople.1.Whatcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“deficient”inParagraph1?A.High-fibre.B.Low-fat.C.Balanced.D.Limited.2.Whatweretheparticipantsaskedtododuringtheresearch?A.Recordhowoftentheyeatout.B.Ignorewhatinfluencestheireating.C.Expresshowpickyeatingaffectsthem.D.Counthowmanykindsoffoodstheyprefer.3.HowdoestheauthormainlydevelopParagraph3?A.Bypresentingdata.B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Byfollowingtimeorder.D.Byprovidingexamples.4.Whatcanbeinferredaboutpickyeatinginthelastparagraph?A.Ithassomethingtodowithfamilytraditions.B.Itcanbeeasilycuredbytheresearchers.C.Itcanhavebothphysicalandmentalreasons.D.Itoftencomesalongwithseriousmentalillnesses.Ⅳ.七选五(2024四川成都树德中学阶段练习)Mostdrinksstatingthattheyarefruit-flavoredcontainnofruitatall,whilemostoftherestcontainonlyasmallquantityoffruit,accordingtoastudycarriedoutbytheBritishFoodCommission.“Shoppersneedtocheckthelabelsbeforebuyingdrinks,thoughsometimestheactualcontentcanbenon-existent,”saidFoodCommissionspokespersonIanTokelove.“Foodproductionishighlycompetitive.1Itwillincreaseprofits,andconsumerswon'talwaysrealizetheyarebeingtricked.”Flavoringsfocusontheflavorsofnaturalfoodproductssuchasfruits,meatsandvegetables,orcreatingflavorforfoodproductsthatdonothavethedesiredflavors.Researchersanalyzedthecontentsof28strawberry-flavoredproductssoldinstores.2Ofthe11productsthatdidcontainstrawberries,fivecontainedlessthanonepercentofrealfruit.

3Let'stakejamasanexample.Somestrawberry-flavoredjamwaslabeledascontainingnoartificialcolors,flavors,orsweeteners,butitcontainedabsolutelynostrawberriesatall.4Consumershavetherighttoknowclearlyaboutwhattheyhavebought.UndercurrentUKlaw,foodpackagesdonothavetodistinguishbetweennaturalandartificialflavorings.

“Describingaproductasthestrawberryflavorandcoveringthesurfaceofthepacketwithpicturesofstrawberriesismisleading.5Unfortunately,itisalsolegalandwidespread,”Tokelovesaid.“It'stimetotakemeasurestoprotecttheconsumers'rights.”

A.Theproductswhichcontainrealfruitarepopularwithpeople.B.Inaddition,productsadvertisedasmorenaturaloftencontainednofruit.C.Theyfoundthatabout60percentofthemdidn'tcontainanyfruitatall.D.Ifcompaniescancuttheircostsbyusingflavorings,theyarelikelytodoso.E.Itisimportantandnecessarytodemandasmallamountofflavoringintheproducts.F.Actuallytheproductcontainsjustatinypercentageofstrawberriesorevennofruitatall.G.TheFoodCommissionsuggestedallflavorsusedinaproductshouldbelistedonthewrappers.1.2.3.4.5.

Ⅴ.读后续写(2022辽宁重点高中协作校期末)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。WhenIwasyoung,Ialwaysenjoyedcooking.EverynightIwouldsitinthekitchenandwatchmymothermakedinner.Ihadatoysetofpotsandpans,andwouldcopyheractionsatthetable—pretendingtopouriningredientsandmixthemexcitedlyjustasshedid.OnSundays,mygrandmotherwouldmakeusahugefamilydinner.Adishcookedfromacharredchickenwithflavoredsauceenjoyedgreatpopularitywithus.Watchingherinthekitchenwaslikewatchinganartistatwork.Sheneverneededacookbook,andneverhadtofollowarecipe.Everythingwassecondnature.Icouldn'twaittolearntocookmyself.SoitwasnosurprisethatasanadultIdecidedtobeachef.Ihadworkedinanumberofkitchensovertheyears,butwhenIgotthechancetobetheheadchefatanewrestaurant,Icouldnothavebeenmoreexcited.Onthefirstnighttherestaurantopened,Iproudlyputmyaprononandpreparedforsuccess.Soon,orderscamein,andatthekitchenwerestaffrunningineverydirection.Thereweremanywaiterscominginandout,andcookswalkingbetweenstations(岗位).Itwasveryexciting,butabitstressful.Therewassomuchtodoandalotofpressuretodoitperfectly.Itseemedthatthecrowdwasnotslowingdown.Iwashurryingtogatheringredientsfromtheshelvesandfilltheorderswhentherewasascreamfromtheothersideofthekitchen.Lookingover,Isawoneoftheothercooksholdingherhandinpain.Shehadburntherfingersonapan.Iranovertohelp,andasIplacedherhandundercoldwater,apuffofsmokestartedtoriseoutoftheoven.“Oh,no!”Iscreamed.Ireachedtheovenjustintimetoopenthedoorandseethecharredremainsofaroast.Placingmyhandonmyhead,Ithoughtthenightcouldn'tgetmuchworse.Oneofthewaiterscameintothekitchen,lookingveryworried.Wipingthesweatoffhisforehead,hesaidanxiously,“Theguestsareaskingfortheroast.”注意:续写词数应为150个左右。Istaredatthecharredroast,anxioustofindasolution.

Justthen,oneoftheguestsaskedtospeaktothechef.

答案与分层梯度式解析Unit1FoodmattersPart3Extendedreading,Project,Assessment&Furtherstudy基础过关练Ⅰ.1.pertyⅡ.1.动词;拓展句意:这项工作从多方面拓展了我的思维,这在教室的四面墙里是不可能的。2.动词;增加句意:我国政府正在采取有效措施增加大学毕业生就业。3.动词;详述句意:为了更好地进行救援工作,记者详细介绍了洪水造成的巨大损失。Ⅲ.1.appropriately考查副词。设空处作状语修饰动词respond,应用副词。故填appropriately。句意:这使他们能够更恰当地响应用户。2.impressive考查形容词。设空处位于系动词后,作表语,应用形容词,故填impressive。句意:音乐对整体健康的影响确实令人印象深刻。3.on考查介词。placeemphasison...为固定搭配,意为“重视……”。故填on。句意:是我们高度重视改善食品安全的时候了。4.innovation考查名词。分析句子结构可知,此处and连接两个并列的名词,作for的宾语。故填innovation。句意:要愿意接受新的挑战,因为它们提供了成长和创新的机会。5.willbeexpanded考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知此处应用一般将来时;动词expand与主语theprogramme之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填willbeexpanded。句意:如果试点项目取得成功,该计划将扩大到更多的城市。6.It考查形式主语。此处为固定句型“Itisestimatedthat...”,意为“据估计……”,其中It作形式主语。故填It。句意:据估计,她需要在实验室里做三天实验。7.tostimulate考查动词不定式。此处用动词不定式作表语。故填tostimulate。句意:我们国家的首要任务当然是刺激经济。8.tohave考查动词不定式。句意:据估计,超过三分之一的人口无法获得医疗保健服务。beestimatedtodosth.意为“被估计做某事”。故填tohave。Ⅳ.1.fallapartunderpressure2.suchagreatimprovementthat3.impresswriterswiththeiramazingbeauty4.①Itissaidthat②issaidtohavestudied能力提升练Ⅰ.1.traditional考查形容词。设空处修饰名词foods,应用形容词,故填traditional。2.tohavebeeninvented考查动词不定式。此处为“主语+bebelievedtodo...”结构,表示“(人们)相信/认为……”,且动词invent表示的动作发生在believe表示的动作之前,与其逻辑主语Sichuanhotpots之间构成被动关系,所以应用动词不定式的完成式的被动形式。故填tohavebeeninvented。3.boatmen考查名词复数。boatman为可数名词,空前无限定词,所以此处应用复数形式,故填boatmen。4.boiling考查动词-ing形式。根据前面的介词by可知设空处应用动词-ing形式,故填boiling。5.to考查介词。固定搭配rangefrom...to...意为“从……到……变化”。故填to。6.which考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰指物的先行词saltedduck,设空处在从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which引导定语从句,故填which。7.It考查代词。固定句型“Ittakessometimetodosth.”意为“做某事要花费一些时间”,It作形式主语,故填It。8.saying考查动词-ing形式。句中已有谓语动词praised,所以此处需用非谓语动词的形式,book与say之间为主动关系,所以用动词-ing形式作状语,故填saying。9.an考查冠词。根据语境可知,早茶是广州人日常生活中不可或缺的一部分,此处表示泛指,且essential是以元音音素开头的单词,所以其前应用不定冠词an。10.havebeen考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子成分可知,设空处作从句的谓语,由从句中的“sincetheTangDynasty”和语境可知此处应用现在完成时,从句主语为teahouses,所以谓语动词应用复数形式,故填havebeen。Ⅱ.◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国人喜饮热水的现象及原因。1.from考查介词。根据Westerners和Chinese可知,此处是将中西方饮水习惯作比较,bedifferentfrom为固定短语,意为“不同于……”。故填from。2.preference考查名词。haveapreferencefor为固定短语,意为“偏爱……”。故填preference。3.drinking考查动名词。suggestdoingsth.意为“建议做某事”。故填drinking。4.generally考查副词。设空处作状语,需用副词。故填generally。5.isrecommended考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语为动名词短语“equippinghotwaterdispensers”,和动词recommend之间构成被动关系;结合时间状语Evennow可知,此处需用一般现在时的被动语态。故填isrecommended。6.which考查定语从句。分析句子可知,设空处无提示词,逗号后的部分缺少主语,故推测此处为非限制性定语从句,先行词为整个主句,从句是对主句的补充说明。故填which。7.It考查it的用法。此处为“Itiswidelyacceptedthat...”句型,意为“人们普遍认为……”,注意首字母大写。故填It。8.tobe考查固定搭配。beconsideredtobe...为固定结构,意为“被认为是……”。故填tobe。9.better考查形容词的比较级。句意:人们相信,在寒冷的天气里,喝热水可以平衡体内的阴阳,从而使整体健康状况更好。根据语境可知,此处表示对比,应用比较级。故填better。10.confused考查形容词。句意:所以下次你感冒的时候,你还会对中国朋友多喝热水的建议感到困惑吗?beconfusedabout...意为“对……感到困惑”。故填confused。【高频词汇】1.commonadj.常见的,普遍的2.authorityn.专家,权威人士3.internaladj.内部的4.placeemphasison...强调/重视……5.balancev.使平衡6.overalladj.总体的【差距词汇】1.vacuumn.真空2.infectiousadj.传染性的3.circulationn.血液循环长难句原句It'sbelievedthathotwaterhelpskeepthebody'sinternaltemperature,whichcanbebeneficialtohealthbyimprovingbloodcirculationanddigestion.分析这是一个主从复合句。It作形式主语,that从句作真正的主语;which引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面整个主句。译文人们认为,热水有助于保持身体内部的温度,这可以通过促进血液循环和消化对健康有益。Ⅲ.◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于大学生的研究,研究表明那些挑食的人不仅会面临健康问题,往往还会面临社交恐惧症等挑战。1.D词义猜测题。根据画线词上一句和所在句可知,一些年轻人在成年早期仍然挑食,他们经常把饮食减少为10种甚至更少的食物,这种饮食可能意味着他们得不到所需的纤维和蔬菜。结合选项分析可知,这样一种饮食是指一些年轻人挑食,其饮食的种类非常有限。因此deficient意为“有限的”,与limited意思相近。故选D。2.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Weaskedparticipantstojusttelluswhatchallengespickyeatingmighthavehadoranybenefitstheymightsee”可知,该研究中参与者需要表达挑食是如何影响他们的。故选C。3.D推理判断题。根据第三段中的“One19-year-oldmansaidhe'ddrink...Another18-year-oldsaid...A23-year-oldwomansaidherparentswouldgetfrustratedatherrefusaltotrythefoodsshewasserved.”可知,本段作者主要介绍了三个挑食的年轻人的具体事例,所以本段主要是通过举例来展开段落的。故选D。4.C推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知,食物的摆盘和口感、对尝试新食物的恐惧都有可能导致挑食。所以推知,挑食既有外在的原因又有心理上的原因。故选C。【高频词汇】1.annoyvt.使恼怒;使生气2.judgev.评价3.embarrassmentn.尴尬4.identifyv.确认;发现5.benefitn.优势,益处,成效vt.使受益vi.得益于6.intermsof就……而言7.effectn.影响;效果8.dueto由于,因为9.commentn.评论,意见10.severeadj.严重的【差距词汇】1.growoutofsth.因长大而改掉某习惯2.frustratedadj.懊恼的;沮丧的;失意的长难句原句“Weaskedparticipantstojusttelluswhatchallengespickyeatingmighthavehadoranybenefitstheymightsee,andtheanswersvariedfrompersontopersonintermsofwhathadaneffectonthem,”saidco-authorLaurenDial,adoctoralstudentatBowlingGreenStateUniversityatthetimeofthestudy.分析引号里面是and连接的并列复合句。在前一分句中what引导宾语从句,作tell的宾语,“theymightsee”是省略引导词的定语从句,修饰benefits;在后一分句中,what引导宾语从句,作intermsof的宾语。译文“我们让参与者只告诉我们挑食可能已经带来的挑战或他们可能会看到的好处,就对他们的影响而言,答案因人而异。”合著者劳伦·戴尔说,她是博林格林州立大学的博士生,当时正在进行这项研究。Ⅳ.◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。英国食品委员会的一项研究显示,大多数水果味的饮料只含少量水果或根本不含水果。1.D根据上文“Foodproductionishighlycompetitive.”和下文“Itwillincreaseprofits”可知,D项“如果公司能够通过使用调味品来降低成本,他们很可能会这样做。”承上启下,激烈的竞争使得公司使用了不正当的方式增加利润,符合语境。故选D。2.C根据上下文阐述可知,此处介绍研究人员公布的水果味饮品中水果含量的问题,C项“他们发现,大约60%的产品根本不含任何水果”与上下文意义一致,故选C。3.B根据下文列举的果酱的例子可知,此处介绍的是以水果的名义宣传的产品不一定含有水果,所以B项“此外,被宣传为更天然的产品通常不含水果”引领下文,符合语境。故选B。4.G根据下文可知,清楚地知道自己购买的产品中含有什么东西,这是消费者的权利,G项“食品委员会建议,产品中使用的所有口味都应在包装上列出。”引起下文,介绍消费者如何享有这个权利,故选G。5.F上文指出将产品描述为草莓味,并在包装表面覆盖草莓图片是误导,结合选项可知,F项“实际上,该产品只含有很小比例的草莓,甚至根本不含水果”承接上文,与上文形成因果关系,解释了为什么这样做是一种误导。故选F。【高频词汇】1.statev.陈述,说明2.labeln.标签v.用标签标明;贴标签于3.contentn.含量4.competitiveadj.竞争的;有竞争力的5.trickv.欺骗6.analyzev.分析7.artificialadj.人工的8.absolutelyadv.绝对地;完全地9.distinguishvt.&vi.区分,辨别;成为……的特征;认出长难句原句Mostdrinksstatingthattheyarefruit-flavoredcontainnofruitatall,whilemostoftherestcontainonlyasmallquantityoffruit,accordingtoastudycarriedoutbytheBritishFoodCommission.分析本句是while连接的并列复合句。在前一分句中,现在分词短语“statingthattheyarefrui