必修一 Unit 5 Languages Around the World 单元培优综合测试卷 -2025年新高考英语一轮总复习筑基培优方案（人教版2019）含解析

必修一Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld单元培优综合测试卷-2025年新高考英语一轮总复习筑基培优方案（人教版2019）必修一Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld单元培优综合测试卷第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（23-24高三下·四川泸州·阶段练习）FourBestAppstoLearnFrenchMondlyMondlyisperfectforbeginnerswhoarelearningFrenchbecauseitstartsrightfromthebasics.ltoffersinteractiveconversationswhereyoucanpracticespeakingwithitschatbot.Thepremium(高级的)versionofMondlystartsat$9.99permonth.There’salsoafreeversionoftheappthatgivesyoulimitedaccesstosomeofthecontent.ItalkiItalkiisthebestFrenchappforspeakingpracticebecauseitcanconnectyouwithaFrenchteacherthatteachesonlinelessons.Thereareover1,100on-demandteacherswhospecializeinteachingFrenchwithavarietyofqualificationstochoosefrom.Italkiteacherssettheirownpricesforclasses.Theyusuallyrangeanywherefrom$4.00perhourtoover$60.00perhourformorespecializedclasses.Mostteachersoffera50%discountifyoutakeatriallessonwiththem,soyoucantryafewdifferentteachersuntilyoufindtheperfectone.MosaLingualnadditiontoteachingthelanguage,MosaLinguahastonsofresourceslikevideos,songsandbooksthatteachyouaboutFrenchculture.AlotofappswillteachyoutheFrenchlanguage,buttheycompletelyignoreFrenchculture.That’swhatmakesMosaLinguastandout.AsubscriptiontoMosaLinguacosts$4.99permonth.Youcanalsogetayearlysubscriptionfor$50.BabbelBabbelisthebestapptolearnFrenchgrammar.Theyhaveyouactivelymakechoices,puttogetherphrasesandpracticespeakingwithvoicerecognitiontechnology.Babbelcosts$14.95foramonthlysubscription,butthatpricegoesdownifyoupurchaseayearlysubscription.1．WhatcanyoudoonItalki?A．WatchFrenchvideos.B．Chooseyourteachers.C．Speaktobookwriters.D．Takefreetriallessons.2．WhichappwillyouchooseifinterestedinFrenchculture?A．MosaLingua. B．Mondly. C．Italki. D．Babbel.3．HowmuchshouldyoupayforsubscribingtoBabbelforhalfayear?A．$14.95. B．$19.98. C．$60. D．$89.7.【答案】1．B2．A3．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了学习法语的四个最佳应用程序。1．细节理解题。根据Italki中“Thereareover1,100on-demandteacherswhospecializeinteachingFrenchwithavarietyofqualificationstochoosefrom.”（这里有1100多名按需授课的法语教师，他们有各种各样的资质可供选择。）可知，在Italki上你可以选择你的老师。故选B项。2．细节理解题。根据MosaLingua中“lnadditiontoteachingthelanguage,MosaLinguahastonsofresourceslikevideos,songsandbooksthatteachyouaboutFrenchculture.AlotofappswillteachyoutheFrenchlanguage,buttheycompletelyignoreFrenchculture.That’swhatmakesMosaLinguastandout.”（除了教授法语，MosaLingua还有大量的资源，比如视频、歌曲和书籍，可以教你了解法国文化。很多应用程序会教你法语，但它们完全忽略了法国文化。这就是MosaLingua脱颖而出的原因。）可知，如果你对法国文化感兴趣，你会选择MosaLingua这个应用程序。故选A项。3．细节理解题。根据Babbel中“Babbelcosts$14.95foramonthlysubscription,butthatpricegoesdownifyoupurchaseayearlysubscription.”（Babbel的月订阅费为14.95美元，但如果你购买年订阅费，价格会下降。）可知，如果你订阅半年Babbel，你需要支付14.95×6=89.7美元。故选D项。B（2024·浙江嘉兴·二模）Ihavealwaysbeenproudofmyhandwriting,askillIwastaughtingradeschool.TheteacherwasteachingusthePalmerPenmanshipMethod,drillingintoustheimportanceofformingbigflowinglineswhenwewroteg’sands’saswellasbeautifulf’sthatinmymindwerelikefairytaleprincesseswearingfancyhatswhileextendingtheirrightfoot.Wewerestrictlyprohibitedfromusingblocklettersonourhomework,astheylackthebeauty.Nowitbecomesapparentthatyoungpeoplenolongerlearncursive(草书).Theytypeeverything,mostlyontheirphones.Beautifulhandwritingisathingofthepast.Thishasbecomeasourceofgreatsadnessamongtraditionalists.Butrecentlysomethinghappenedthatshookmyfaithincursive.Tomycompletedisbelief,notonebuttwoofmyclosefriendscomplainedaboutthehandwritingonmypostcards.TheyweregratefulforthebeautifulpostcardsIregularlysent,buttheysaidtheyhonestlycouldn'treadathingIhadwritten.OnefriendwentsofarastoaskifIcoulduseblocklettersnexttimesothatshecouldunderstandwhatIwaswriting.Initially,Iwasangry.IhadmadetheefforttocoveranentirepostcardwithwhatIviewedasnotjusthandwritingbutcalligraphy.ButthenIshowedanEnglishfriendapostcardI'djustwritten,andhesaidthattheonlythingthatwasreadilyunderstandablewastheletters“U.S.A．”Therestofit,hepolitelysuggested,lookedlike“chickenscrawl”.Lookingatthepostcarddispassionately,Iunwillinglyadmitthathehasapoint.Allthem’sandn’sruntogether,andthel’slooklikel’s.Thea’sareindistinguishablefromtheq’s.So,fromnowon,I'mtakingtheiradviceandusingblockletterstocommunicate.Infact,Ijustnowsentanoldfriendapostcard.Butthistime,Isimplywrote—inbigblockletters:DEARALICE:HI.JOE.Ihopeshegetsthemessage.4．WhatdoweknowaboutthePalmerPenmanshipMethod?A．Itischaracterizedbybigflowinglines. B．Itisrarelyappreciatedbytraditionalists.C．Itwasnotallowedinstudents'homework. D．Itisviewedasatrendinhandwritingstyles.5．Whatweakenedthewriter’sbeliefincursive?A．Thepopularityofblocklettersinrecenttimes.B．Theyoungergeneration’sdisinterestincursive.C．Hisfriends’failuretocomprehendhispostcards.D．HisEnglishfriend'ssuggestiononpostcarddesign.6．Whydidthewriterswitchtoblocklettersforcommunication?A．Todeliverhismessageclearly. B．Toimprovehishandwritingskills.C．Towinpraisefromhisfriends. D．Toshowhispassionforcalligraphy.7．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Thewideuseofcursive. B．Thesaddeclineofcursive.C．Thevalueofpreservingcursive. D．Thetechniqueofwritingincursive.【答案】4．A5．C6．A7．B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者从小学时对自己的草书书法感到自豪，到意识到现代趋势使草书变得不那么实用和容易理解的历程。尽管作者的朋友们很欣赏草书的美丽，但看不懂他们手写的明信片，所以为了清晰起见，他决定改用印刷体。这一转变象征着一个更广泛的社会转变，从手写交流向打字交流转变，显示了传统美感与实际易读性之间的斗争。4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“TheteacherwasteachingusthePalmerPenmanshipMethod,drillingintoustheimportanceofformingbigflowinglineswhenwewroteg’sands’saswellasbeautifulf’sthatinmymindwerelikefairytaleprincesseswearingfancyhatswhileextendingtheirrightfoot.”（老师正在教我们帕尔默书法法，在我们写g和s以及美丽的f时，向我们灌输形成大而流畅的线条的重要性，在我的脑海中，f就像童话故事中的公主戴着华丽的帽子，同时伸出右脚）可知，帕尔默书法它的特点是线条大而流畅。故选A项。5．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Butrecentlysomethinghappenedthatshookmyfaithincursive.

Tomycompletedisbelief,notonebuttwoofmyclosefriendscomplainedaboutthehandwritingonmypostcards.TheyweregratefulforthebeautifulpostcardsIregularlysent,buttheysaidtheyhonestlycouldn'treadathingIhadwritten.”（但最近发生的一件事动摇了我对草书的信心。让我完全难以置信的是，我的两个好朋友竟然抱怨我明信片上的字迹。他们很感激我定期寄给他们的漂亮明信片，但他们说他们真的看不懂我写的东西）可知，作者朋友们无法理解他的明信片削弱了作者对草书的信念。故选C项。6．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Lookingatthepostcarddispassionately,Iunwillinglyadmitthathehasapoint.Allthem’sandn’sruntogether,andthel’slooklikel’s.Thea’sareindistinguishablefromtheq’s.So,fromnowon,I'mtakingtheiradviceandusingblockletterstocommunicate.”（冷静地看着明信片，我不情愿地承认他说得有道理。所有的m和n连在一起，l看起来像l。a和q是无法区分的。所以，从现在开始，我接受他们的建议，用大写字母交流）可知，作者改用大写字母来交流是为了清楚地传达他的信息。故选A项。7．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段“Nowitbecomesapparentthatyoungpeoplenolongerlearncursive.Theytypeeverything,mostlyontheirphones.Beautifulhandwritingisathingofthepast.Thishasbecomeasourceofgreatsadnessamongtraditionalists.”（现在很明显，年轻人不再学草书了。他们用手机打字。漂亮的书法是过去的事了。这已经成为传统主义者巨大悲伤的来源）可知，文章主要讲的是草书可悲的衰落。故选B项。C（2024·吉林长春·模拟预测）Huddledinsmallgroupsaroundlaptops,20Brazilianteenagersareusinganapptobuildaskillthat’svitaltothefutureoftheirentirecommunity.TheteenagersbelongtotheGuaraniindigenous(本地的)peopleandtheyarefluentinspeakingbothPortugueseandtheirmothertongue,GuaraniMbya.Butwhenitcomestowriting,theyoftenusePortugueseasthat’swhattheywerefirsttaughttowritein,puttingtheGuaraniMbyalanguageinitswrittenformatriskofdisappearing.ButsinceMarchofthisyear,they’vebeenusinganapptoimprovetheirabilitytowriteinGuaraniMbya.TheappispartofaprojectfundedbyIBMtocreateAItoolstohelppreserveandexpandtheuseofindigenouslanguagesinBrazil.Ofthe7,000orsolanguagesthatexistintheworld,aboutafiftharethoughttobeendangered,withtheUnitedNationsestimatingthathalfofthesewillbeextinctby2100—themajoritybeingindigenouslanguages.Themovementtopreventindigenouslanguagesfromdisappearinghaspromptedanumberoftech-centriclanguagepreservationandexpansionprojects.Forexample,inNewZealand,anapphasbeendevelopedtocollectoralrecordingsofindigenouslanguagesacrosstheregiontohelpspeakersboosttheireverydayuseoftheirnativelanguage.Butembracingtechnologyandthedesiretoprotectcultureandlanguageareoftenatoddsinindigenouscommunities,asDr.Burbankhasobserved.“Aminoritygroupthat’sfightingtopreserveacounterculture(反主流文化)willcreatewallsaroundtheculturetotrynottodilute(削弱)it,becausethemajoritycultureisautomaticallygoingtowipethatcultureout,”saysDr.Burbank.WhilemanyoftheindigenouscommunitiesDr.Burbankworkswithfeeltechnologycouldcontributetothatdilution,shebelievesitcanbenefitindigenouscommunities.8．GuaraniindigenousteenagersseldomwriteinGuaraniMbyabecause__________.A．theywereinitiallytrainedtousePortugueseinwritingB．thewrittenGuaraniMbyalanguageisindangerofextinctionC．theyintendtobreakfreefromtheirindigenouscultureD．GuaraniMbyamakesithardforthemtointegrateintotheoutsideworld9．Howmanylanguagesareestimatedtodisappearby2100?A．About7,000. B．About3,500. C．About1,400. D．About700.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“atodds”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Confusable. B．Sensational. C．Contradictory. D．Consistent.11．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardusingAIforlanguagepreservation?A．Positive. B．Unclear. C．Doubtful. D．Dismissive.【答案】8．A9．B10．C11．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人们开始利用人工智能来保护语言。8．细节理解题。根据第一段“Butwhenitcomestowriting,theyoftenusePortugueseasthat’swhattheywerefirsttaughttowritein,puttingtheGuaraniMbyalanguageinitswrittenformatriskofdisappearing.(但在写作方面，他们通常使用葡萄牙语，因为这是他们最初学习的语言，这使得瓜拉尼姆比亚语的书面形式面临消失的危险)”可知，瓜拉尼土著青少年很少用瓜拉尼语写作，因为他们最初被训练使用葡萄牙语写作。故选A。9．细节理解题。根据第二段“Ofthe7,000orsolanguagesthatexistintheworld,aboutafiftharethoughttobeendangered,withtheUnitedNationsestimatingthathalfofthesewillbeextinctby2100—themajoritybeingindigenouslanguages.(世界上现存的大约7000种语言中，大约有五分之一被认为濒临灭绝，联合国估计其中一半将在2100年前灭绝——其中大多数是土著语言)”可知，到2100年，估计有7000÷2=3500种语言会消失。故选B。10．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文““Aminoritygroupthat’sfightingtopreserveacounterculture(反主流文化)willcreatewallsaroundtheculturetotrynottodilute(削弱)it,becausethemajoritycultureisautomaticallygoingtowipethatcultureout,”saysDr.Burbank.(伯班克博士说：“为保护一种反主流文化而斗争的少数群体会在这种文化周围筑起高墙，尽量不去稀释它，因为多数文化会自动消灭这种文化。”)”可知，为保护一种反主流文化而斗争的少数群体会在这种文化周围筑起高墙，尽量不去稀释它，因为多数文化会自动消灭这种文化。即在土著社区，拥抱技术与保护文化和语言的愿望往往是矛盾的。故划线词意思是“矛盾的”。故选C。11．推理判断题。根据第一段“TheappispartofaprojectfundedbyIBMtocreateAItoolstohelppreserveandexpandtheuseofindigenouslanguagesinBrazil.(该应用程序是IBM资助的一个项目的一部分，该项目旨在创建人工智能工具，以帮助保护和扩大巴西本土语言的使用)”以及第二段“Forexample,inNewZealand,anapphasbeendevelopedtocollectoralrecordingsofindigenouslanguagesacrosstheregiontohelpspeakersboosttheireverydayuseoftheirnativelanguage.(例如，在新西兰，开发了一款应用程序，用于收集该地区土著语言的口语录音，以帮助使用者提高他们日常使用母语的能力)”可推知，作者对使用人工智能来保存语言持积极态度。故选A。D（2024·河北保定·一模）Politicians,businessbosses,andothertypesofleadersindeedtendtolikespeakingwiththeirhands,butdoesthehabitinfluencehowothersinterpretthosewords?Togettothebottomofit,ateamofresearchersfromtheMaxPlanckInstituteforPsycholinguisticsconductedaseriesofexperimentsonvolunteerswhoviewedvideosofpeoplespeakingwithandwithouthandmovements.Aftershowingthevolunteersvideosofpeoplespeakingunderdifferentconditions,theresearchersaskedthemquestionsaboutwhattheyhadheard.Someconditionsinvolvedthespeakerstressingdifferentpartsofwordsinasentence.Otherconditionsinvolvedthespeakermakingvarioustypesofhandgestures,suchaspointingandsweepingmovements.Theteamrecordedthevolunteersastheyviewedthevideorecordings,questioningthevolunteersafterwardaboutwhattheyhadseenandheard.Researchersfoundthatthevolunteersweremoreaffectedbysyllables(音节)spokenwiththeconjunctionofhandgestures:In20percentofthecases,theviewersweremorelikelytohaveheardandinterpretedthewordspokenwithahandgesture.Interestingly,however,volunteerswere40percentmorelikelytohearthewrongsoundwhenamismatchbetweenthewordspokenandthehandgestureoccurred.BodylanguageexpertCarolGomansaid,“Studieshavefoundthatspeakingwithyourhandsreallycanchangetheviewofyourcharacter.Peoplewhocommunicatethroughactivegesturingtendtobeconsideredwarm,agreeable,andenergetic,whilethosewhoremainstillareseenaslogical,cold,andanalytic.Infact,a2015studythatstudiedTEDTalks,whichpostsinternationaltalksonline,foundthatthemostpopularspeakersusednearlytwiceasmanygesturesastheleastpopularspeakersused.”Theresearchteamsaidthattheirfindingssuggestthathandgesturesareanimportantpartofin-personcommunicationthathaveadirectimpactonwhatthelistenerhears.Furthermore,theysuggestthatourresponsestohandgesturesmaybesomethingwelearnaswegrowup.12．What’stheresearchers’purposeofdoingtheexperiments?A．Toexaminethevolunteers’interpretingskills.B．Testtheeffecthandgestureshaveonspeaking.C．Torecordthevolunteers’questionsforthespeaker.D．Toconfirmtheinfluencehandmovementshaveonleaders.13．Whatdidtheresearchersfindintheexperiments?A．Handmovementsaffectedwhatthelistenerheard.B．Thespeakerstresseddifferentpartsofwordsinasentence.C．Peoplespeakingwithdifferenthandgestureshaddifferenteffects.D．Themostpopularspeakersusedmoregesturesthantheleastpopularspeakersdid.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conjunction”meaninParagraph3?A．Assistance. B．Combination. C．Disturbance. D．Interpretation.15．Whatmaytheresearchersagreewith?A．Gesturescaninfluenceothers’viewonone’spersonality.B．Understandinggesturesisamustineverylanguage.C．In-personcommunicationhelpsinterpretgestures.D．Responsestogesturesarelearningbehavior.【答案】12．B13．A14．B15．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员通过实验发现，在谈话中使用或不使用手势会对听众产生很大影响。12．细节理解题。根据第一段“Politicians,businessbosses,andothertypesofleadersindeedtendtolikespeakingwiththeirhands,butdoesthehabitinfluencehowothersinterpretthosewords?Togettothebottomofit,ateamofresearchersfromtheMaxPlanckInstituteforPsycholinguisticsconductedaseriesofexperimentsonvolunteerswhoviewedvideosofpeoplespeakingwithandwithouthandmovements.(政治家、商业老板和其他类型的领导人确实倾向于用手说话，但是这种习惯会影响其他人如何理解这些话吗？为了弄清真相，马克斯·普朗克心理语言学研究所的一组研究人员对志愿者进行了一系列实验，这些志愿者观看了人们说话时有和没有手部动作的视频。)”可知，研究人员做实验的目的是测试手势对说话的影响。故选B。13．细节理解题。根据第三段中“In20percentofthecases,theviewersweremorelikelytohaveheardandinterpretedthewordspokenwithahandgesture.Interestingly,however,volunteerswere40percentmorelikelytohearthewrongsoundwhenamismatchbetweenthewordspokenandthehandgestureoccurred.(在20%的情况下，观众更有可能听到并理解用手势说的话。然而，有趣的是，当说的话和手势不匹配时，志愿者听到错误声音的可能性要高出40%)”可知，研究人员在实验中发现手的动作会影响听者听到的内容。故选A。14．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“In20percentofthecases,theviewersweremorelikelytohaveheardandinterpretedthewordspokenwithahandgesture.(在20%的案例中，观众更有可能听到并理解结合手势说的话。)”可推知，此处是指志愿者更容易受到与手势相结合的音节的影响，所以conjunction意为“结合”。故选B。15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Furthermore,theysuggestthatourresponsestohandgesturesmaybesomethingwelearnaswegrowup.(此外，他们还认为，我们对手势的反应可能是在成长过程中习得的。)”可推知，研究人员可能认同“对手势的反应是一种学习行为”的观点。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（2024·湖南·二模）Thefirstwaywelearntocommunicateisthroughbodylanguage—ourfacialexpressions,ourgesturesand,whenwe’reolder,ourpostures.Evenafterwefigureouthowtospeak,thisnon-verbalcommunicationstillexerts(施加)apowerfulandoftenunconsciousinfluenceoverourinteractions,people’sfirstimpressionsofusandevenourimpressionsofourselves.16.ChangehowyoufeelTode-stress:Forcingasmilecanmakerunningeasierandtoughtaskslessstressful.One2012experimentfoundthatagrinmakesholdingyourhandinicewatermorebearable.Tofeelmoreconfident:17.Strikingthisso-calledpowerposeshortlybeforeanintervieworathleticcontestcanbeparticularlypowerfulforwomen,whotendtositandstandinawaythattakesuplessspace.Topersevere:18.Ina2008study,studentswhosatwiththeirarmscrossedkeptworkingonanimpossibleproblemnearlytwiceaslongasthosewiththeirarmsattheirsides.Changehowothersfeel19:Studiesshowthatholdingsomeone’sgazemayhelppeoplethinkyou’retrustworthyandintelligent.AccordingtobodylanguageexpertCarolKinseyGoman,itcanalsomakepeoplethinkyou’reagoodlistener.Tofosterconnections:Mirroringthefacialexpressionsandgesturesofthepersonyou’retalkingtocanhelpthemfeelmorecomfortable.One2011experimentfoundthisisaneffectivesalesskill.Toengageordisengage:Ifyouwanttoletsomeoneknowyou’relistening,sitfacingthemwithyourfullbody,kneesandshoulderspointedatthem.20.A．TocomeacrossassincereB．Butifyouwanttospreadtension,angleyourbodyslightlyaway—facingfull-onisconfrontational(对抗性的)whenthingsgetheatedC．Here’showtousebodylanguagetoeveryone’sbenefitD．Makingyourindexfinger(食指)andmiddlefingercrossedcanhelpyougatherstrengthE．ToinformpeopleF．StandinglikeWonderWoman—legsapart,handsonhips,chestup—maymakeyoufeelmorepowerfulG．Crossingyourarmsacrossyourchestcanhelpyoupersistinsolvingaproblem【答案】16．C17．F18．G19．A20．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了如何使用肢体语言。16．根据上文“Evenafterwefigureouthowtospeak,thisnon-verbalcommunicationstillexerts(施加)apowerfulandoftenunconsciousinfluenceoverourinteractions,people’sfirstimpressionsofusandevenourimpressionsofourselves.”（即使在我们学会了如何说话之后，这种非语言交流仍然会对我们的互动、别人对我们的第一印象，甚至是我们对自己的印象产生强大的、往往是无意识的影响）可知，上文说明了肢体语言的重要性，所以要如何使用肢体语言提出建议，且总起下文的标题。故C选项“以下是如何使用肢体语言使得对每个人都有好处”切题。故选C项。17．根据上文“Tofeelmoreconfident”（让自己更自信:）可知，选项承接上文说明那个动作使人更自信。故F选项“像神奇女侠一样站立——双腿分开，双手叉腰，挺胸——这会让你感觉更有力量”切题。powerful呼应confident。故选F项。18．根据下文“Ina2008study,studentswhosatwiththeirarmscrossedkeptworkingonanimpossibleproblemnearlytwiceaslongasthosewiththeirarmsattheirsides.”（在2008年的一项研究中，双臂交叉坐着的学生解决不可能的问题的时间几乎是双臂放在身体两侧的学生的两倍。）可知，选项与下文主题相关，说的都是双臂交叉在胸前有助于解决问题。故G选项“双臂交叉在胸前可以帮助你坚持解决问题”切题。故选G项。19．根据下文“Studiesshowthatholdingsomeone’sgazemayhelppeoplethinkyou’retrustworthyandintelligent.AccordingtobodylanguageexpertCarolKinseyGoman,itcanalsomakepeoplethinkyou’reagoodlistener.”（研究表明，和别人凝视会让别人觉得你值得信赖、聪明。根据肢体语言专家卡罗尔·金赛·戈曼的说法，它还可以让人们认为你是一个好的倾听者。）可知，本段主要在说要表现出真诚。故A选项“给人真诚的印象”切题，为本段的标题。故选A项。20．根据上文“Ifyouwanttoletsomeoneknowyou’relistening,sitfacingthemwithyourfullbody,kneesandshoulderspointedatthem.”（如果你想让别人知道你在听，那就坐着，把整个身体、膝盖和肩膀都面向他们）可知，选项承接上文说明身体部分的姿势代表了不同的意义且与上文为转折关系。故B选项“但如果你想分散紧张感，那就把身体稍微向外倾斜——当事情变得激烈时，面朝全身是对抗性的。”切题。故选B项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（23-24高三上·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·阶段练习）Sometimes,achangeofscenecandosomuchgood.I’velivedinBerlinforninemonthsnowandIhavestoppedthinkingofmyselfassomeonelearningGerman.Instead,everydayI21GermanexpressionsIstilldon’tknow.Ienternewwordsintoanapponmyphone,and22,theproportion(比例)ofGerman-yet-unknown-to-me23.ImovedherelastsummerfromLondon,whereIhadalmostlostmy24.Duringthetime,myfirstnovelhadjustbeenpublishedandhad25alotofattention.Thatmightsoundlikeadreamthatcametrue.Butoverthemonthsthatfollowed,afloodofmediarequestsdrovemetoexhaustion.Myinabilitytosayno26me,creatinganinternalstrugglebetweenachievementandamental27.Aroundthetime,IvisitedanIrishfriendinBerlin.Onmyfirstnight,Isleptmore28onhercouchthanIeverhadinmyLondondoublebed.Inthemorning,Iwalkedaroundtheneighborhood,enjoyingthewidepavementandabundanceoftrees.The29ofliferemindedmeofhome.ThatJanuarytripwasthestartofmyromancewithBerlin,andIreturnedinthespringtostayanotherfewdays.Then,aftermythreedaysofnosleepbackinLondon,IacceptedthatLondonlifewasmakingmylifemiserable.Ialsonoticedhowmuchbettermy30wasinBerlin.Imovedthatsummer.LivinginBerlinhadimprovedmymentalhealthintwoways.ThefirstisthatI’mnot31overwhelmed(不堪重负的).Iamaskedtodofewerthingsnow.AndwhenIdofeeltoostressed,Iamfindingiteasiertospeakup.Daily32toGermandirectness(直率)hascuredmeofmyonce-consumingneedtobeliked.Itookitpersonallywhen33switchedtoEnglish,feelingitasa(n)34onmypart.Nowadays,IrarelygethitwithEnglishatall.DidIneedtomovetoBerlintobehappy?Maybenot.ButIneedtodosomethingandthisthing35.Ilovewritingagain,lovepeopleandlovebeingaliveandlearningnewwords.21．A．makeup B．huntfor C．leaveout D．turndown22．A．gradually B．sharply C．sensitively D．urgently23．A．separates B．expands C．decreases D．recovers24．A．character B．contact C．mind D．wealth25．A．shared B．divided C．recovered D．gained26．A．weighedon B．tookon C．fedon D．reliedon27．A．activity B．balance C．strength D．breakdown28．A．restlessly B．soundly C．lightly D．badly29．A．simplicity B．burden C．adventure D．requirement30．A．designing B．writing C．exercising D．touring31．A．fortunately B．smoothly C．skilfully D．professionally32．A．exposure B．application C．similarity D．reference33．A．officials B．colleagues C．locals D．customers34．A．interest B．task C．experiment D．failure35．A．paused B．dropped C．worked D．rushed【答案】21．B22．A23．C24．C25．D26．A27．D28．B29．A30．B31．D32．A33．C34．D35．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因为第一部小说的出版获得很多关注，潮水般的媒体让他疲于应付，陷入成就和精神崩溃之间的内心挣扎。偶然间，他拜访了在柏林的朋友，发现自己的精神状态变好了，于是不久后搬到他搬到柏林居住，不再不堪重负，还认真地学习起德语，感觉到变换环境让自己受益很多。21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：相反，我每天都在搜寻我仍然不知道的德语表达。A.makeup弥补；B.huntfor搜寻；C.leaveout忽略；D.turndown拒绝。根据下文“Ienternewwordsintoanapponmyphone”可知，作者会把新单词输入应用程序中，因此是每天都在搜寻仍不知道的德语表达。故选B。22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我在手机上的一个应用程序中输入新单词，渐渐地，我不认识的德语比例降低了。A.gradually逐渐地；B.sharply急剧地；C.sensitively敏感地；D.urgently紧急地。根据上文“Instead,everydayI___1___GermanexpressionsIstilldon’tknow.Ienternewwordsintoanapponmyphone”可知，作者每天都在学习新的德语表达，因此会逐渐进步，掌握更多的德语表达。故选A。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在手机上的一个应用程序中输入新单词，渐渐地，我不认识的德语比例降低了。A.separates分离；B.expands扩大；C.decreases降低；D.recovers恢复。根据上文“Instead,everydayI___1___GermanexpressionsIstilldon’tknow.Ienternewwordsintoanapponmyphone”可知，作者每天都在学习新的德语表达，因此不认识的德语比例会降低。故选C。24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我去年夏天从伦敦搬到这里，在那里我几乎精神错乱。A.character角色；B.contact联系；C.mind理智；D.wealth财富。根据下文“Butoverthemonthsthatfollowed,afloodofmediarequestsdrovemetoexhaustion.Myinabilitytosayno___6___me,creatinganinternalstrugglebetweenachievementandamental___7___.”可知，作者疲于应付媒体，内心在挣扎，因此是精神错乱，loseone’smind表示“失去理智，精神错乱”。故选C。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，我的第一部小说刚刚出版，并获得了很多关注。A.shared分享；B.divided分开；C.recovered恢复；D.gained获得。根据下文“Thatmightsoundlikeadreamthatcametrue.”可知，这看似是一件梦想成真的好事，因此是第一部小说出版后获得了很多关注。故选D。26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我无法说“不”，这让我很烦恼，在成就和精神崩溃之间产生了内心的挣扎。A.weighedon使烦恼；B.tookon承担；C.fedon以……为食；D.reliedon依赖。根据下文“creatinganinternalstrugglebetweenachievementandamental___7___”可知，作者的内心在挣扎，因此无法说“不”是让他很烦恼。故选A。27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我无法说“不”，这让我很烦恼，在成就和精神崩溃之间产生了内心的挣扎。A.activity活动；B.balance平衡；C.strength力量；D.breakdown崩溃。根据上文“Butoverthemonthsthatfollowed,afloodofmediarequestsdrovemetoexhaustion.Myinabilitytosayno”可知，作者疲于应付媒体，但又无法拒绝他们，因此精神会崩溃。故选D。28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：第一天晚上，我在她的沙发上睡得比我在伦敦的双人床上睡得还香。A.restlessly不安地；B.soundly酣畅地；C.lightly轻松地；D.badly糟糕地。根据下文“Then,aftermythreedaysofnosleepbackinLondon,IacceptedthatLondonlifewasmakingmylifemiserable.”可知，后来作者回到伦敦后睡得很糟糕，由此推知，此处指他甚至在柏林的沙发上都睡得很香，衬托出他在这里生活地很轻松。故选B。29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：简单的生活使我想起了家。A.simplicity简单；B.burden负担；C.adventure冒险；D.requirement要求。根据上文“Inthemorning,Iwalkedaroundtheneighborhood,enjoyingthewidepavementandabundanceoftrees.”可知，早起后，作者在附近散步，欣赏着宽阔的人行道和茂密的树木，这是一种简单的生活。故选A。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还注意到我在柏林的写作好得多。A.designing设计；B.writing写作；C.exercising锻炼；D.touring旅行。根据上文“myfirstnovelhadjustbeenpublished”可知，作者是一名作家，因此是写作也变好了。故选B。31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：首先，我没有在工作上不堪重负。A.fortunately幸运地；B.smoothly顺利地；C.skilfully熟练地；D.professionally在工作上。根据下文“Iamaskedtodofewerthingsnow.”可知，作者被要求做的事情减少了，因此是工作上不再不堪重负。故选D。32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天接触德国人的直率，治愈了我一度强烈的被人喜欢的欲望。A.exposure接触；B.application应用；C.similarity相似；D.reference参考。根据下文“toGermandirectness”可推知，生活在柏林的作者会每天都接触德国人的直率。故选A。33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当地人改用英语时，我很在意，觉得这是我个人的失败。A.officials官员；B.colleagues同事；C.locals当地人；D.customers顾客。根据身为作家的作者在柏林生活，以及下文“switchedtoEnglish”可推知，此处表示他日常接触的当地人不说德语，改用英语和他交流。故选C。34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当地人改用英语时，我很在意，觉得这是我个人的失败。A.interest兴趣；B.task任务；C.experiment实验；D.failure失败。根据上文“Itookitpersonallywhen___13___switchedtoEnglish”可知，作者很在意别人和他交流的时候改用英语这件事，结合他在学习德语可推知，他会认为这是自己学习不好导致的，，觉得这是个人的失败。故选D。35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我得做点什么，这招奏效了。A.paused暂停；B.dropped丢弃；C.worked奏效；D.rushed匆忙。根据下文“Ilovewritingagain,lovepeopleandlovebeingaliveandlearningnewwords.”可知，作者又喜欢写作了，喜欢和人相处，喜欢活着，喜欢学习新单词，因此换到新环境这招是奏效了。故选C。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)（2024·四川遂宁·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thousandsofyearsago,Chinesecharactersappearedonanimalbonesandsilkbeforethey36(write)onpaper.Butnowmany37characterhasa“newcontainer”inthemodernage.Recently,aresearchteam,drawingeverylittlebitof38(inspire)fromXunzi,anoutstandingConfucianphilosopherduringthelateWarringStatesPeriod(475-221BC),hasrolledoutXunzi,alargelanguagemodel(LLM)andXunziChatinassociationwithaleadingancientChinesetextpublisher.When39(ask)why,theteamleaderexplained,“Characterssetinverticallayout(竖版),theabsenceofpausingandpunctuationareallholdingreadersback.”40(create)XunzitheLLM,theteamfirstdidalotofresearch.Since2013,they’vesweated41(heavy)todigitizeChineseclassicsliketheSiku