2021-2022学年北京市重点中学高一上学期期中测试英语试题（解析版）（不含听力音频）

2021-2022学年北京市重点中学高一上学期期中测试英语试题满分130分时间：120分钟第一部分：听力（共三节，每小题1.5分，共30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话你将听一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanlikeabouttheplay?A.Thestory.B.Theending.C.Theactor.2.Whichplacearethespeakerstryingtofind?A.Ahotel.B.Abank.C.Arestaurant.3.Atwhattimewillthetwospeakersmeet?A.5:20.B.5:10.C.4:40.4.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Changetheplan.B.Waitforaphonecall.C.Sortthingsout(整理).5.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Seeafilmwithman.B.Offerthemallsomehelp.C.Listentosomegreatmusic.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.WhereisBen?A.Inthekitchen.B.Atschool.C.Inthepark.7.Whatwillthechildrendointheafternoon?A.Helpsetthetable.B.Haveaparty.C.Dotheirhomework.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.Afamilyholiday.B.Abusinesstrip.C.Atravelplan.9.WheredidRachelgo?A.Spain.B.Italy.C.China.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Howdidthewomangettoknowaboutthird-handsmoke?A.Fromyoungsmokers.B.Fromanewspaperarticle.C.Fromsomesmokingparents.11.Whydoesthemansaythatheshouldkeepawayfrombabies?A.Hehasjustbecomeafather.B.Hewearsdirtyclothes.C.Heisasmoker.12.Whatdoesthewomansuggestsmokingparentsshoulddo?A.Stopsmokingaltogether.B.Smokeonlyoutsidetheirhouses.C.Reducedangerousmatterincigarettes.听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。13WheredoesMichelleRaycomefrom?A.Amiddle-sizedcity.B.Asmalltown.C.Abigcity.14.WhichplacewouldMichelleRaytakehervisitorstoforshopping?A.TheZangGarden.B.TheHighlands.15.WhatdoesMichelleRaydoforcompletequiet?A.Gocamping.B.Studyinalibrary.C.Readathome.第三节（共5小题；每小题l.5分，共7.5分）听下面一段对话，完成第16至第20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。这段对话你将听两遍。将答案写在答题纸的相应位置。AT&THOMEPHONESERVICECustomer’snameTom(16)_________________Address135-38RooseveltAvenueTypeofServicePlanFlatRateService$23.00LocalcallsonlyCompleteChoiceBasic$26.00Flexible(17)_______planAllDistanceOnline$40.00UnlimitednationwidecallingPaymentPaythebilleverymonthby(18)_________cardAccountNumber(19)______________ConnectionDateJuly(20)_____________Friday第二部分：完形填空（每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。PassingHappinessonIwasstandinginthecheckoutlinebehindawomanwholookedtobeinher60s.Whenitwasherturntopay,thecashieraskedherhowshewasdoing.Thewomanlooked____1____,shookherheadandsaid,“Notsogood.Myhusbandjustlosthisjob.Idon’tknowhowIgetthroughthedays.”Myheartached.Iwantedto____2____butdidn’tknowhow.ShouldIoffertopayforhergroceries?AsIwalkedintotheparkinglot,Isawthewomanreturninghershoppingcart.Irememberedsomethinginmypursethat1thoughtcouldhelpher.Itwasn’tahandfulofcash,____3____maybeitwouldmakeherlifebetter.MyheartpoundedasI____4____thewoman.“Excuseme,Iheardwhatyousaidjustnow.Itsoundslikeyou’regoingthroughareally____5____timerightnow.I’msosorry.I’dliketogiveyousomething.”Ihandedherthesmallcardfrommypurse.Whenthewomanreadthecard,shebeganto____6____.Andthroughhertears,shesaid:“Youhavenoideahowmuchthismeanstome.”Iwasalittle____7____byherreply.Havingneverdoneanythinglikethisbefore,Ididn’tknowwhatkindof____8____Imightreceive.AllIcouldthinktosaywas:“WoulditbeOKtogiveyouahug?”Afterweembraced,wesaidgood-bye.Thewordsonthecard?:“YouMatter.”Afewweeksearlier,acolleaguegavemeasimilarcardas____9____foradifficulttaskIwasdoing.WhenIreadthecard,Ifeltawarmglowspreadinsideofme.Deeplytouched,IorderedmyownboxofYouMattercardsandstarted_____10_____them.1.A.calm B.bored C.down D.shy2.A.check B.help C.learn D.prove3.A.but B.and C.so D.or4.A.visited B.pushed C.approached D.protected5.A.lucky B.hard C.wonderful D.busy6.A.count B.complain C.cry D.apologize7.A.excited B.scared C.disappointed D.surprised8.A.support B.prize C.attention D.reaction9.A.encouragement B.benefit C.trust D.appreciation10.A.playing B.sharing C.designing D.collecting【答案】1.C2.B3.A4.C5.B6.C7.D8.D9.A10.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者用“你很重要”卡片鼓励一个生活艰难的陌生女人的故事。【1题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：女士看起来情绪低落，摇头道：“不太好。我丈夫刚刚丢掉了工作。我不知道我是怎么度过这些日子的。”A.calm冷静的；B.bored无聊的；C.down情绪低落的；D.shy害羞的。根据下文“Notsogood.Myhusbandjustlosthisjob.Idon’tknowhowIgetthroughthedays.”可知，女士的丈夫刚刚丢掉了工作，自己无法度过这些日子，因此表现出低落的状态。故选C项。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想帮助她但不知道怎么做。A.check检查；B.help帮助；C.learn学习；D.prove证明。根据后文“ShouldIoffertopayforhergroceries?”可知，作者想帮助她结账。故选B项。【3题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：这不是很多现金，但也许它会让她的生活变得更好。A.but但是；B.and并且；C.so所以；D.or或者。根据上文“Itwasn’tahandfulofcash”以及“Ithoughtcouldhelpher.”可知作者钱包里的不是钱，但可能会帮到她。这里使用表示转折关系的连词。故选A项。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我走近那个女人时，我的心砰砰直跳。A.visited拜访；B.pushed推；C.approached接近；D.protected保护。根据后文“Excuseme,Iheardwhatyousaidjustnow.”可知，作者与女士进行了对话，因此是走过去接近她。故选C项。【5题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听起来你现在正在经历一段非常艰难的时期。A.lucky幸运的；B.hard艰难的；C.wonderful完美的；D.busy忙碌的。根据上文“Notsogood.Myhusbandjustlosthisjob.Idon’tknowhowIgetthroughthedays.”可知，女士的丈夫刚刚丢掉了工作，自己无法度过这些日子，因此在经历一段艰难的时期。故选B项。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当女人读到卡片时，她开始哭了。A.count数；B.complain抱怨；C.cry哭；D.apologize道歉。根据后文“throughhertears”可知，作者此时在哭泣。故选C项。【7题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我被她的回复吓到了。A.excited兴奋的；B.scared害怕的；C.disappointed失望的；D.surprised惊喜的。根据上文“Andthroughhertears,shesaid:Youhavenoideahowmuchthismeanstome.”可知，女士哭着说这张卡片对于她意义重大。以及下文“Ididn’tknowwhatkindofreactionImightreceive”可知，女士哭着的回答是让作者有些惊讶的。因为作者从没做过这样的事，因此不知道会受到什么样的回复。这里的“吓到”不是因为表达“害怕”而是表达“因为惊讶而吓一跳”。故选D项。【8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：以前从来没有做过这样的事情，我不知道我可能会收到什么样的反应。A.support支持；B.prize奖品；C.attention注意；D.reaction反应。根据上文“byherreply”可知，作者不知道会收到什么样的回复和反应。故选D项。【9题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几周前，一位同事给了我一张类似的卡片，作为对我正在做的一项艰巨任务的鼓励。A.encouragement鼓励；B.benefit益处；C.trust信任；D.appreciation欣赏。根据后文“adifficulttaskIwasdoing”可知，作者在做一项复杂任务的时候收到了一张鼓励的卡片，符合本处语境。故选A项。【10题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：深受感动，我订购了自己的一盒YouMatter卡片并开始与别人分享它们。A.playing玩；B.sharing分享；C.designing设计；D.collecting收藏。根据上文“Ihandedherthesmallcardfrommypurse.”可知，作者对他人分享表示鼓励的卡片。故选B项。第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，共40分）第一节（每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。APastimeisabi-monthlymagazineforcuriousyoungminds.Manyofthetopicswewriteaboutwon’tbecoveredintheclassroom.Allthearticlesarewritteninalivelystyle,andeachoneispairedwithdrawingsbysomeofthecountry’smosttalentedartists.♦Historyfocusesonarchaeological(考古的)sitesaroundtheworldwherearchaeologistsworktounearthimportantfinds.♦Worldincludesstoriesaboutdailylife,folktales,andhistoryandtraditionsofthepeopleandplaces.♦Sportincludesnutritiontips,informationaboutup-and-comingyoungathletes,andsportsevents.♦Artstimulatesachild’sculturallife,fromfilmtotheatrethroughtowritingandmusic.Ontopofallthat,Pastimeispackedwithitemstostimulateayoungster’simagination,includingpagesofpuzzlesandastep-by-stepguidetocreatingtheirownimpressive-lookingdrawings.Ineveryissue,wereviewthelatestbookstopauthorswriteforyoungsters.TherearealsoshortworksoffictionwrittenespeciallyforPastimebysomeofourbestwriters.Weknowthatchildrenatthisagearedealingwithmanyemotionsandsometimesdifficultfeelings,sowehaveapersonaladvicepagetoreplytoquestionsdealingwithpersonalandmoralproblems.Unlikemanyoftoday’sthrowawaycomics,Pastimeiswrittenanddesignedtobekeptandtreasured.Weknowchildrenlovegoingonline—butwealsoknowhowmuchtheyenjoyholdingaprintedmagazineintheirhands,andtheexcitementtheygetwheneachnewissuedropsthroughtheletterboxpersonallyaddressedtothem.SubscriptionPastimeispublishedsixtimesayear.Anannualsubscriptioncostsjust£20andmakesagreatgiftforanychildagedeighttotwelve.Toorderbyphone:Dial1-800-821-0156anduseOfferCodeWEBSAVE86forprint-onlysubscriptions.Youcancancelatanytimeformagazinesthathaven’tshippedyet.11.Ifareaderisinterestedinfestivals,hecanread______.A.HistoryB.WorldC.SportD.Art12.Whatdoesthemagazineprovide?A.Photosoftalentedartists.B.Storiescreatedbychildren.C.Suggestionsonreaders’problems.D.Bookreviewswrittenbystudents.13.Forsubscription,oneneedstoknowthatthemagazine______.A.offerselectroniccopiesB.costs£20foreachcopyC.isforkindergartenchildrenD.ispublishedeverytwomonths【答案】11.B12.C13.D【解析】【分析】本文为一则广告。《消遣》是一本两个月一期的杂志，专为好奇的年轻人而设。文章介绍了这款杂志的特色和订阅方式。【11题详解】推理判断题。festival是指生活中值得纪念的重要日子，是世界人民为适应生产和生活的需要而共同创造的一种民俗文化。根据文章中Worldincludesstoriesaboutdailylife,folktales,andhistoryandtraditionsofthepeopleandplaces.（世界包括关于日常生活、民间故事以及人民和地方的历史和传统的故事。）可知，如果一个读者对节日感兴趣，他可以阅读“世界”模块。故B选项正确。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章中Weknowthatchildrenatthisagearedealingwithmanyemotionsandsometimesdifficultfeelings,sowehaveapersonaladvicepagetoreplytoquestionsdealingwithpersonalandmoralproblems.（我们知道这个年龄段的孩子会处理很多情绪，有时会处理一些困难的情绪，所以我们有个人的建议页面来回答一些个人问题和道德问题。）可知，这本杂志对读者的问题提出建议。故C选项正确。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据Subscription部分的Pastimeispublishedsixtimesayear.可知，这款杂志两个月出版一期。故D选项正确。【点睛】细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。此外，在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决细节理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。以本文第3小题为例，本题运用定位法：我们根据题干Forsubscription,oneneedstoknowthatthemagazine____（为了订阅，人们需要知道这本杂志___），其关键词是subscription，从而直接定位到Subscription部分——Pastimeispublishedsixtimesayear.Anannualsubscriptioncostsjust£20andmakesagreatgiftforanychildagedeighttotwelve.…forprint-onlysubscriptions.（《消遣》每年出版六次。年度订阅费用只是£20，是一个送给任何八到十二岁孩子的很棒的礼物……纯印刷订阅。）再结合各选项可知，只有D项与原文相符。故D选项正确。BItallstartedthismorningjustbeforenoon.Mrs.Whitewasreturningfromthesupermarketwithherdaughterandafriend,theirneighbor.Theystoppedonthestairwayoftheirbuildingatheirfifth-floorapartment.Theneighboropenedherdoorfirst,andlittleLilyranpasther.Sheknewtheapartmentwell,sinceshehadvisiteditmanytimes.Thefriendputdownherkeysandshoppingbags,andturnedbackamomenttoMrs.White.Atthatmoment,therewasasuddengustofwindandthedoortotheapartmentwasclosed.Lilywasinside,alone.Thenthefriendrememberedthatshehadleftherkitchenwindowopen.SheandMrs.WhiterushedtoMrs.White'sapartmentandtelephonedthepolice.Buttherewasnotimetogethelpinopeningtheneighboringapartment.TheycouldseethatLilywasalreadyleaningoutofthekitchenwindow.Shehadclimbedontoachair.andsoonshewasclimbingoutontothewindowsill.Mrs.WhitecalledtoLilytogobackinside.Butthelittlegirldidnotunderstandthedangeranddidnotwanttogoback.Sheonlywavedtohermother.Thenshelostherbalanceandherfeetslippedoffthewindowsill.Shemanagedtoholdonforawhilewithherhands,butthenshebecameweakandshebegantobeafraid.Hermotherscreamedforhelp,andnowLilywascryingloudly.AndthenshecouldholdongolongerFortunately,severalpeoplehadrunoutintothestreetonhearingallthescreaming.Theysawthechildhangingontothewindowsillandgotreadytocatchher.Downshefellfivelongstoriesandlandedsafeandsoundinthearmsofthreestrongmen.TheywereLuis,Augusto,andAlfonsoNunes,fatherandsons,wholiveinthenextbuildinginhercommunity.Whentheyheardthescreams,theyrushedoutoftheirhome.“Ineverthoughtwe’ddoit”saidAlfonsoafterwards.“ButIkeptthinking,ifwedon’tcatchher,she’lldieandI’llfeelsadandguiltyallmylife.”14.WhosavedLilyeventually?A.Lily'sparents. B.Thenearbypolicemen.C.Mrs.White'sfriends. D.Neighborsinhercommunity.15.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Lilycouldn'tholdonthewindowsillbecauseshewasfrightenedandweak.B.Lilywasleftaloneintheapartmentduetoherfather'smistake.C.Lilywasrescuedbeforeshewasfallingfromthewindowsill.D.Lilywavedtohermotherbecausehermothersmiledather.16.FromwhatAlfonsosaid,wecantellthathewas________.A.intelligent B.humorous C.responsible D.strong-willed17.What'sthetitleofthepassage?A.ANaughtyGirl B.AnAmazingRescueC.AcarelessMother D.AnUnexpectedDanger【答案】14.D15.A16.C17.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了名为Lily的女孩因为没有意识到危险，爬出了厨房的窗台，失去了平衡，脚从窗台上滑了下来，幸亏社区的三个邻居及时接住了她，Lily才得以获救的故事。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Theysawthechildhangingontothewindowsillandgotreadytocatchher.Downshefellfivelongstoriesandlandedsafeandsoundinthearmsofthreestrongmen.TheywereLuis,AugustoandAlfonsoNunes,fatherandsons,wholiveinthenextbuildinginhercommunity.(他们看见那个孩子吊在窗台上，就准备去接她。她从五层楼高地方摔了下来，安然无恙地落在三个壮汉的臂弯里。他们是路易斯、奥古斯托和阿方索·努内斯，这父子就住在她所在社区的隔壁)”可知，是社区里的邻居救了Lily。故选D。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Shemanagedtoholdonforawhilewithherhands,butthenshebecameweakandshebegantobeafraid.(她设法用手坚持了一会儿，但随后她变得虚弱，开始害怕)”可知，Lily又害怕又虚弱，无法抓住窗台。故选A。【16题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Ineverthoughtwe’ddoit”saidAlfonsoafterwards.“ButIkeptthinking,ifwedon’tcatchher,she’lldieandI’llfeelsadandguiltyallmylife.”(“我从没想过我们会这么做，”Alfonso后来说。“但我一直在想，如果我们抓不到她，她会死的，我这一生都会感到悲伤和内疚。”)”可推知，Alfonso是个负责的人。故选C。【17题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章主要讲述了名为Lily的女孩因为没有意识到危险，爬出了厨房的窗台，失去了平衡，脚从窗台上滑了下来，幸亏社区的三个邻居及时接住了她，Lily才得以获救的故事。可知，B选项“一次了不起的救援”最符合文章标题。故选B。CIfyouchooseonlytocomplainandescapefromamisfortune,itwillalwaysfollowyouwhereveryougo.Butifyoudecidetobestrong,thehardshipwillturnouttobeafortuneonwhichnewhopeswillarise.Inanaccident,aboylostbothhisarmsandhisfatherwhowasthemainsourceofsupportforthefamily.Sincethen,hehashadtodependonthearmsofhisyoungerbrother.Inordertotakecareofhim,hisyoungerbrotherbecamehisshadow,neverleavinghimaloneforyears.Exceptforwritingwithhistoes,hewascompletelyunabletodoanythinginhislife.Asthetwobrothersgrewuptogether,theyhadtheirshareofproblemsandtheywouldoftenquarrel.Thenoneday,hisyoungerbrotherwantedtoleave,livinghisownlife,asmanynormalpeopledo.Sohewasheart-brokenanddidn'tknowwhattodo.Asimilarmisfortunehappenedtoagirl,too.Onenighthermother,whosufferedfromchronic（慢性的）mentalillness,disappeared.Herfatherwentouttolookforhermother,leavingheraloneathome.Shetriedtopreparemealsforherparents,onlytooverturnthekerosene(煤油)lightonthestove,resultinginafirewhichtookherhandsaway.Thoughhereldersisterwhowasstudyinginanothercity,showedherwillingnesstotakecareofher,shewasdeterminedtobecompletelyindependent.Atschool,shealwaysstudiedhard.Mostofallshelearnedtobeself-reliant(依靠自己).Oneday,theboyandthegirlwerebothinvitedtoappearonatelevisioninterviewprogram.TheboytoldtheTVhostabouthisuncertainfutureatbeingleftonhisown,whilethegirlwasfullofenthusiasmforherlife.Theybothwereaskedtowritesomethingonapieceofpaperwiththeirtoes.Theboywrote:Myyoungerbrother'sarmsaremyarms;whilethegirlwrote:Brokenwings,flyingheart.18.Whatattitudeshouldwetaketowardsamisfortuneintheauthor'sopinion?A.Tryingtofindanescapefromit.B.Facingitbravelywithapositivemind.C.Askingforhelpfromyourrelatives.D.Ignoringitandlivinganormallife.19.Aftertheaccident,theboy________.A.decidedtolivewithhisbrother B.learnttodothingswithhistoesC.madealivingallbyhimself D.dependedwhollyonhisbrother20.Whatdidthegirlmeanby"Brokenwings,flyingheart"?A.Nevergiveuphopesinfaceofhardship.B.It'snoteasyforhertoliveanormallife.C.Ifabirdlosesitswings,itcannotfly.D.Ifyouloseyourhands,yourlifewillbehard.21.Howdoestheauthordevelopthetext?A.Intheorderoftime. B.Bylistingfacts.C.Bymakingacomparison. D.Intheorderofimportance.【答案】18.B19.D20.A21.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要通过讲一个男孩和一个女孩的故事说明如果你只选择抱怨和逃避不幸，那么不幸将永远跟着你。但如果你下定决心要坚强，苦难就会变成一种财富，在它上面会产生新的希望。【18题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Butifyoudecidetobestrong,thehardshipwillturnouttobeafortuneonwhichnewhopeswillarise.（但如果你下定决心要坚强，苦难就会变成一种财富，在它上面会产生新的希望。）”可知，在作者看来，我们应该对不幸采取的态度是用积极的心态勇敢地面对。故选B。【19题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Sincethen,hehashadtodependonthearmsofhisyoungerbrother.Inordertotakecareofhim,hisyoungerbrotherbecamehisshadow,neverleavinghimaloneforyears.（从那以后，他不得不依靠弟弟的手臂。为了照顾他，弟弟从小到大一直跟在他的身边，形影不离。）”可知，事故发生后，男孩完全靠弟弟，故选D。【20题详解】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段的“Thoughhereldersisterwhowasstudyinginanothercity,showedherwillingnesstotakecareofher,shewasdeterminedtobecompletelyindependent.Atschool,shealwaysstudiedhard.Mostofallshelearnedtobeself-reliant(依靠自己).（虽然在外地读书的姐姐愿意照顾她，可她一定要自己照顾自己。在学校，她总是努力学习。最重要的是，她学会了自力更生。）”可知，女孩说的“断了翅膀，心在飞翔”的意思是面对困难不要放弃希望。故选A。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Inanaccident,aboylostbothhisarmsandhisfatherwhowasthemainsourceofsupportforthefamily.（在一次事故中，一个男孩失去了他的双臂和他的父亲父亲是家庭的主要经济来源。）”和第四段的“Asimilarmisfortunehappenedtoagirl,too.（同样的不幸也发生在一个女孩身上。）”可知，本文是通过比较来展开文章的，故选C。DClimatechangeisthreateningourfutureasmoreandmoregreenhousegaseslikeCO2aregatheringintheatmosphereandheatinguptheplanet.Tofighttheproblem,bothscientistsandeconomistshavesuggestedsomegoodsolutions.Itturnsoutthatwhales,animalswe’vehuntedtonearextinction,areexcellentattakingawayCO2.WhalesremoveCO2fromtheairintwoways.First,theymovenutrients(营养物)fromtheirfeedingareasdeepintheoceanbacktothesurface,wheretheyreleasethemintheirwaste.Thosenutrientsaidthegrowthofphytoplankton(浮游植物),which,likeotherplants,takesawayCO2fromtheair.Second,whalesthemselvescollectCO2intheirbodieswhentheyeatotheranimals.Thetotalamountofthegasaddsuptoabout33tonsoverawhale’slifetime.Whenwhalesdie,theytakeawayallthatCO2withthemdowntotheoceanfloor.Savingthewhalescouldalsobemorecosteffectivethanplantingtrees.Financialexpertssaythatonewhale,takingawayCO2andtourvalue,wouldbeworthaboutUS$2millionoveritslifetime.ComparethistothehighcostsneededtoplantandkeepforestsforremovingCO2,andyou’llseewhywhalesmightbeaneffectivesolution.Atonetime,millionsofwhalesswamtheworld’soceans.Unluckily,commercialwhalingbetweenthe1600sandthemid-1900sbroughtmanywhalespeciesclosetoextinction.Startinginthe1970s,carefulmanagementofwhalingbegan.Manyspeciesarerecovering,butthegiantanimalsstillfacemajorthreats.Onethreatiscontinuedhuntingdespiteinternationalregulation.Forexample,inJapan,“scientific”killsarecarriedout—oftenanexcusetogetwhalemeat,whichisconsidereddeliciousfood.Publicoutcryhaspressuredmanycountriestolimitorendwhaling,andexpertsbelieveanewwaytomakemoneyfromwhales—whalewatching—willalsobeeffective.However,anotherismoredifficulttosolve—pollution.Whalesareaffectedbypollutionfromchemicals,noise,andthehugeamountsofplasticandgarbagethatendupintheoceans.Thesegiantsoftheseaareimportanttothefuturehealthofourplanet.Ifwhalepopulationsincreasedtowheretheywerebeforecommercialwhaling,whalescouldremoveanestimated1.7billiontonsofCO2peryear.Itmightbeanimpossibledream,butit’sonedefinitelyworthfightingfor.22.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouthowwhalesremovecarbonfromtheair?A.Theymovenutrientsfromdeepintheoceantothesurface.B.Manyspeciesofwhalesdon’treleaseCO2.C.WhalescollectCO2intheirbodiesthroughthefoodtheyeat.D.Whenwhalesdie,thecollectedCO2remainsintheirbodies.23.Whatisthefinancialvalueofawhalecomparedto?A.Thecommercialhuntingofoceananimals.B.Thefinancialvalueofoceantourism.C.Thehighcostsoftreeplantingandforestprotecting.D.TheabilityofphytoplanktontoremoveCO2fromtheair.24.Accordingtothepassage,whatthreatisthehardertosolvenow?A.Pollution. B.Scientifickills.C.Whalewatching. D.Continuedhutting.25.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toanalysethebenefitswhalesbring.B.Toexplainwhywhalesareendangered.C.Toevaluatetheeffectofcommercialwhaling.D.Tocallonpeopletosavewhalessoastoprotecttheworld.【答案】22.B23.C24.A25.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了鲸鱼在吸收二氧化碳方面非常出色，人类应该停止猎杀和污染，保护这些濒危动物。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“First,theymovenutrients(营养物)fromtheirfeedingareasdeepintheoceanbacktothesurface,wheretheyreleasethemintheirwaste.”（首先，它们把营养物质从海洋深处的觅食区搬回海面，然后在那里把营养物质通过排泄物释放出来）可知，选项A正确，排除选项A；根据第二段“Second,whalesthemselvescollectCO2intheirbodieswhentheyeatotheranimals.”（第二，鲸鱼在吃其他动物的时候也会把二氧化碳吸入体内）可知，选项C正确，排除选项C；根据第二段“Whenwhalesdie,theytakeawayallthatCO2withthemdowntotheoceanfloor.”（当鲸鱼死亡时，它们把所有的二氧化碳都带到了海底）可知，选项D正确，排除选项D。文中并未提及选项B（许多种类的鲸鱼不释放二氧化碳），所以选项B错误。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“ComparethistothehighcostsneededtoplantandkeepforestsforremovingCO2,andyou’llseewhywhalesmightbeaneffectivesolution.”（与种植和保护森林以去除二氧化碳所需的高昂成本相比，你就会明白为什么鲸鱼可能是一个有效的解决方案）可知，与植树造林和森林保护的高成本相比，鲸鱼更具经济价值。故选C。24题详解】细节理解题。根据倒第二段“However,anotherismoredifficulttosolve—pollution.”（然而，另一个问题更难解决——污染）可知，污染带来的威胁更难解决。故选A。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“ClimatechangeisthreateningourfutureasmoreandmoregreenhousegaseslikeCO2aregatheringintheatmosphereandheatinguptheplanet.”（气候变化正威胁着我们的未来，因为越来越多的温室气体，比如二氧化碳，正在聚集在大气中，使地球升温）以及“Itturnsoutthatwhales,animalswe’vehuntedtonearextinction,areexcellentattakingawayCO2.”（事实证明，鲸鱼，这种被我们猎杀到几近灭绝的动物，非常善于吸收二氧化碳）可知，文章介绍了鲸鱼在吸收二氧化碳方面非常出色，目的是呼吁人们停止猎杀和污染，保护这些濒危动物就是保护人类自己，故选D。第二节七选五(每小题2分，共10分)Doyoufeelyourlegstremblingbeforelargeaudiences?Doyouforgeteverythingyoumemorizedfordiscussion?Youarenotalone.___26___However,withgoodpreparationanddeliverytechniques,youcanhandleeventhebiggestofaudiences.___27___Challengeyourselftothinkmoreabouthowtheperformancecouldgowell.Remindyourselfwhyyouaredoingthisperformanceandwhyyoubelieveinit.Goodfeelingswillboostyourconfidenceinsteadofyournerves.Practiceandmakegoodpreparationbeforeperformanceday.Makesurethatyouknowyourlines,music,notecards,anythingatall,completelybyheart.Youcangothrougheverythingtoensurethatyou’vealreadybeenwellprepared.____28____Ifyou’reparticipatinginadebateorgivingaspeech,researchthetopicofdiscussionthoroughly.Thiswillincreaseyourknowledgeofthesubjectmatter.Therefore,youcanspeakconfidently.Thisisespeciallyimportantifyouwillanswerquestionsafterthespeech!Getridofallnegativethoughts.Ifyoustarttellingyourselfthatyoucan’tdothis,youdon’tknowwhatyou’redoing,andsoon,yourconfidencewilldropdramatically.___29___Thiswillmakeyouthinkthatyoucan’tshowconfidenceonstagenomatterhowhardyouwork.Talktoyourfriendsorfellowperformers.Chancesare,anyoneelsethatisgoingonstagewithyouislackingconfidenceaswell.Itiscompletelynormaltobenervous.___30___Youcanalsotellatrustedfriendorfamilymemberhowyouarefeeling,andtheywillmostlikelysharetheirexcitementatseeingyouonstage.Gettingplentyofrestisreallyimportant.Youdon’twanttoappeartiredforyourspeechorperformance.Allowforyourbestnight’ssleepthenightbefore,whetheritmeansgoingtobedearlyorlisteningtosomecalmingmusic.Ifyoucanfollowthesetips,thenyoucandoit!A.Imagineitwillbeyourbestperformance.B.Don’toverdoanythingforyourperformance.C.Sharingthesefeelingscanhelpyoufeelalittlerelaxed.D.Anythingthatyoutellyourselfregularly,youstarttotakeasreality.E.Choosethetopicthatyoulikeandmakesyoufeelsecureandconfident.F.Thiswayyouwon’tbeworriedaboutthepossibilityofforgettingsomething.G.Eventhemostprofessionalperformerscansufferfromlackingconfidenceonstage.【答案】26.G27.A28.F29.D30.C【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何在舞台上保持自信的方法。【26题详解】根据空前“Doyoufeelyourlegstremblingbeforelargeaudiences?Doyouforgeteverythingyoumemorizedfordiscussion?Youarenotalone.”(你觉得在大批观众面前双腿发抖吗?你忘记了所有你记住的讨论内容吗?你并不孤单。)可知，这些紧张的症状并不是你一个人有，G项中大多数专业表演者也有舞台缺乏自信的情况。“yourlegstrembling”以及“forgeteverything”是“lackingconfidenceonstage.”的表现。故选G。【27题详解】根据空后“Challengeyourselftothinkmoreabouthowtheperformancecouldgowell.Remindyourselfwhyyouaredoingthisperformanceandwhyyoubelieveinit.Goodfeelingswillboostyourconfidenceinsteadofyournerves.”（挑战自己，多想想如何才能让表现顺利进行。提醒自己为什么要做这个表演，为什么你相信它。良好的感觉会增强你的信心而不是神经。）可知，此处是本段的主旨句，“thinkmoreabout”和选项A中“imagine”是同义词，这是让自己想象这是一场最好的表演，故选A。【28题详解】根据空前“Makesurethatyouknowyourlines,music,notecards,anythingatall,completelybyheart.Youcangothrougheverythingtoensurethatyou’vealreadybeenwellprepared.”（确保你完全记住你的台词，音乐，笔记卡片，任何东西。你可以通过一切来确保你已经做好了充分的准备。）可知，前面讲述了一些避免忘词的有效方法，选项F中“thisway”就是指前面的方法。故选F。【29题详解】根据空前“Getridofallnegativethoughts.Ifyoustarttellingyourselfthatyoucan’tdothis,youdon’tknowwhatyou’redoing,andsoon,yourconfidencewilldropdramatically.”（摆脱所有消极的想法。如果你开始告诉自己你做不到，你不知道你在做什么，等等，你的信心就会急剧下降。）以及空后“Thiswillmakeyouthinkthatyoucan’tshowconfidenceonstagenomatterhowhardyouwork.”（这会让你觉得无论你多么努力，都无法在舞台上展现自信。）可知，此处承上启下，前面是假如我们一直告诉自己什么，我们就会当真，后面说到这样做得不良后果就是会影响我们的自信。故选D。【30题详解】根据空前“Talktoyourfriendsorfellowperformers.Chancesare,anyoneelsethatisgoingonstagewithyouislackingconfidenceaswell.Itiscompletelynormaltobenervous.”（和你的朋友或其他表演者交谈。很有可能，和你同台的其他人也都缺乏自信。紧张是完全正常的。）以及空后“Youcanalsotellatrustedfriendorfamilymemberhowyouarefeeling,andtheywillmostlikelysharetheirexcitementatseeingyouonstage.”（你也可以告诉你信任的朋友或家人你的感受，他们很可能会分享他们看到你在舞台上的兴奋。）可知，这里介绍了克服紧张的方法，“Youcanalsotellatrustedfriendorfamilymember”这是建议分享，因为分享可以让人放松。故选C。【点睛】第四部分：语法填空（每小题1分，共10分）31.Thegirl________isplayingtennisismybestfriend.（用适当的词填空）【答案】who##that【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正在打网球的那个女孩是我最好的朋友。分析可知，空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词girl在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。【点睛】32.Ihavemanyfriendsto___