2021届高考英语大一轮复习Unit9Wheels课时作业9b北师大版必修3

课时作业9WheelsⅠ.阅读理解A(2019·绵阳中学模拟考试)WhenIwaslittle,IsawtonsofbatsflyingaroundstreetlightsatnightinmyneighborhoodinupstateNewYork.BythetimeIturned7,Inoticedsomethingstrange:Allthebatsinmyneighborhoodhadvanished,_andIwonderedwhy.LaterIlearnedwhathadhappenedtomytown'sbats.Adiseasecalled“whitenosesyndrome(白鼻综合征)”hadkilled93percentofNewYorkState'sbats(andabout6millionbatsacrossthecountry)!Iwasshocked.IaskedthebatbiologistwhatIcoulddotohelp,andshesaid,“Tellotherswhat'sbeenhappening.Helppeopleunderstandthatbatsareimportanttoourenvironmentandneedtobeprotected.”IthoughtImustteachpeopleaboutbats.Myfirststop?Thelibrary,whereIeventuallycheckedouteverybookonbatstheyhad.Next,IstartedaFacebookpagecalledBuddiesforBatsandpostedanyphotos,facts,andvideosthatIcouldfind.ThenIwrotealettertothehostofanenvironmentalprogramonmylocalradiostation,askingifthey'ddoashowonbats.(Theydid！)ButIstillwantedtofindawaytoeducatepeoplefacetoface.Imanagedtomakeapresentationtoaschool.Ialsousedtoolstodescribehowbatshelpfarmers(andprotectourfoodsupply)byeatingcrop­damaginginsects.Ipracticedmypresentationuntilitshonelikeapolishedstone.Itwentoversowellthatotherteachersstartedrequestingme.Overthepastthreeyears,I'vetalkedinfrontofeveryonefrom5­year­oldstoseniorcitizens!ThemoreIpresent,themoreInoticethatIamchangingminds.Ihavewatchedpeoplegofromdismissingbatsas“disgusting(令人厌恶的)”totrulyunderstandingthemandadvocatingtheirprotection.Rightnow,I'mthinkingofbecomingamarinebiologist(海洋生物学家)someday.AslongasI'mhelpinganimals,I'llbehappy.本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者帮助保护蝙蝠的故事。1．Whentheauthorwaslittle,bats________.A．livedmainlyinthesouthofAmericaB．werewellprotectedinupstateNewYorkC．didgreatharmtothenaturalenvironmentD．existedinlargequantitiesinupstateNewYork答案：D解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的“...tonsofbatsflyingaroundstreetlightsatnightinmyneighborhoodinupstateNewYork”可知，作者小时候，晚上能看到成群的蝙蝠，由此可知，那时纽约北部的蝙蝠数目极多。2．Theunderlinedword“vanished”inParagraph2canbestbereplacedby“________”．A．reproduced B．disappearedC．starved D．expanded答案：B解析：词义猜测题。由第二段中的“Adiseasecalled‘whitenosesyndrome(白鼻综合征)’hadkilled93percentofNewYorkState'sbats(andabout6millionbatsacrossthecountry)！”可知，一种被称为“白鼻综合征”的疾病杀死了纽约州93%的蝙蝠(全美约六百万只蝙蝠死亡)。由此推断，作者看到蝙蝠都消失了。3．Paragraphs3and4mainlytalkabout________.A．theauthor'seffortstohelpprotectbatsB．howtheauthorstartedBuddiesforBatsC．whytheauthordidaradioshowonbatsD．thedifficultytheauthorhadineducatingpeople答案：A解析：段落大意题。由第三、四段的段首句及其后的细节展开可知，这两段主要讲述了作者为帮助人们了解蝙蝠对环境的重要性所做出的努力。4．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor'spresentation?A．Itwasignoredbytheaudience.B．Itwasfarfromsatisfactory.C．Itwaseffective.D．Itwasboring.答案：C解析：推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“ThemoreIpresent...andadvocatingtheirprotection.”可知，作者的演讲慢慢地改变了人们的想法，人们不那么讨厌蝙蝠了，开始认识到蝙蝠的重要性，并且倡导大家保护蝙蝠。由此可推知，作者的演讲很有效。B(2018·江苏卷)Inthe1760s,MathurinRozeopenedaseriesofshopsthatboasted(享有)aspecialmeatsoupcalledconsommé.Althoughthemainattractionwasthesoup,Roze'schainshopsalsosetanewstandardfordiningout,whichhelpedtoestablishRozeastheinventorofthemodernrestaurant.Today,scholarshavegeneratedlargeamountsofinstructiveresearchaboutrestaurants.Takevisualhintsthatinfluencewhatweeat:dinersservedthemselvesabout20percentmorepasta(意大利面食)whentheirplatesmatchedtheirfood.Whenadark­coloredcakewasservedonablackplateratherthanawhiteone,customersrecognizeditassweeterandmoretasty.Lightingmatters,too.WhenBerlinrestaurantcustomersateindarkness,theycouldn'ttellhowmuchthey'dhad:thosegivenextra­largesharesatemorethaneveryoneelse,butwerenone_the_wiser—theydidn'tfeelfuller,andtheywerejustasreadyfordessert.Timeismoney,butthatprinciplemeansdifferentthingsfordifferenttypesofrestaurants.Unlikefast­foodplaces,finediningshopsprefercustomerstostaylongerandspend.Onewaytoencouragecustomerstostayandorderthatextraround:putonsomeMozart(莫扎特).Whenclassical,ratherthanpop,musicwasplaying,dinersspentmore.Fastmusichurrieddinersout.Particularscentsalsohaveaneffect:dinerswhogotthescentoflavender(薰衣草)stayedlongerandspentmorethanthosewhosmelledlemon,ornoscent.Meanwhile,thingsthatyoumightexpecttodiscouragespending—“bad”tables,crowding,highprices—don'tnecessarily.Dinersatbadtables—nexttothekitchendoor,say—spentnearlyasmuchasothersbutsoonfled.Itcanbeconcludedthatrestaurantkeepersneednot“beoverlyconcernedabout‘bad’tables”，giventhatthey'reprofitable.Asforcrowds,aHongKongstudyfoundthattheyincreasedarestaurant'sreputation,suggestinggreatfoodatfairprices.Anddoublingabuffet'spriceledcustomerstosaythatitspizzawas11percenttastier.本文讲述了影响餐饮业效益的几个因素。5．Theunderlinedphrase“nonethewiser”inparagraph3mostprobablyimpliesthatthecustomerswere________.A．notawareofeatingmorethanusualB．notwillingtosharefoodwithothersC．notconsciousofthefoodqualityD．notfondofthefoodprovided答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，在餐馆里的灯光昏暗的情况下，顾客判断不出自己吃了多少食物，即使吃多了也不会觉得饱，因为他们意识不到自己比平时吃得多。故答案为A。6．Howcouldafinediningshopmakemoreprofit?A．Playingclassicalmusic.B．Introducinglemonscent.C．Makingthelightbrighter.D．Usingplatesoflargersize.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Onewaytoencouragecustomerstostayandorderthatextraround:putonsomeMozart...dinersspentmore”可知，要想让顾客在餐馆多停留、多消费，餐馆可以播放古典音乐，故A项符合题意。7．Whatdoesthelastparagraphtalkabout?A．Tipstoattractmorecustomers.B．Problemsrestaurantsarefacedwith.C．Waystoimproverestaurants'reputation.D．Commonmisunderstandingsaboutrestaurants.答案：D解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段的首句可知，人们认为的一些会阻止顾客消费的因素都不一定会是如此；下文围绕此进行了说明。故本题答案为D项。Ⅱ.完形填空(2019·云南玉溪检测)OnceuponatimeaBrahmin(婆罗门)cametovisitBirbal.Hecamewithastrange__1__.Hewantedtobeaddressedas“pandit”.Nowtheterm“pandit”referstoamanof__2__.ButunfortunatelythispoorBrahminwasuneducated.Birbaltriedtoexplainthedifferencetohim,sayingthatitwasnot__3__tocallanuneducatedmanapanditandbecauseofthisveryreasonitwouldbeimproperto__4__himso.ButtheBrahminhadhisheartsetonthis__5__.So,asusual,Birbalhada(n)__6__.HesaidthatastheBrahminwasanuneducatedman,heshouldhurl(猛投)abuseand__7__atanyonewhodaredtoaddresshimbytheverysametitlehewanted.ThenBirbal__8__allhisservantstocallthislowlyBrahminapandit.TheBrahminwasvery__9__.Butthemomenttheservantsstartedaddressinghimas“pandit”，he__10__tobeveryangryandstartedtoabusethem__11__.ThenascleverBirbal__12__，hepickedupafewstonesandhurledthemintheir__13__.Allthis__14__andscreamingdrewacrowd.WhenpeoplerealizedthatthisBrahminwas__15__everytimeanyonecalledhim“pandit”，theyallstartedto__16__him.Overthenextcoupleofdays,hewould__17__hear“pandit”whereverhewent.Verysoonthewholetown__18__referringtohimasapanditmuchtohisdelight.The__19__Brahminneverrealizedwhypeoplewerecallinghiminthismanner.Andhewasextremelypleasedwiththeresult.He__20__Birbalfromtheverybottomofhisfoolishheart.一个没有学问的婆罗门找到比巴尔，要求被称为“博学家”。比巴尔用自己的办法教训了他。1．A.girl B．beliefC．excuse D．request答案：D解析：联系空后的“Hewantedtobeaddressedas‘pandit’”可知，他有一个要求，他想让别人称呼他为“pandit”。2．A.managing B．strugglingC．learning D．training答案：C解析：根据下句uneducated判断：有学识的人才能被称为“pandit”。由此，也可以推测pandit是指很有知识和学问的人。learning“知识；学问”。3．A.possible B．correctC．legal D．easy答案：B解析：联系空后的“tocallanuneducatedmanapandit”可知，把一个没有学识的人称为“博学家”是不合适的，也是不正确的。4．A.offer B．answerC．teach D．call答案：D解析：联系前文的“Hewantedtobeaddressedas‘pandit’”以及空后的“himso”可以得出答案。5．A.program B．reportC．person D．title答案：D解析：根据后文的“theverysametitlehewanted”可知，这个婆罗门一心想要这个称号。6．A.aim B．chanceC．idea D．change答案：C解析：所以，为了教训这个愚昧的婆罗门，比巴尔想出了一个办法。7．A.stones B．ropesC．bricks D．bottles答案：A解析：根据后文的“hepickedupafewstonesandhurledthem”可知，比巴尔让他扔的是石头。8．A.forced B．orderedC．persuaded D．permitted答案：B解析：联系空后的“allhisservantstocallthislowlyBrahminapandit”可知，他命令仆人们称呼这个婆罗门为“博学家”。9．A.interested B．shockedC．encouraged D．pleased答案：D解析：听到别人称自己为“博学家”，他感到很高兴。10．A.failed B．pretende