河南省卢氏县实验高中新高考英语三模试卷及答案解析

河南省卢氏县实验高中新高考英语三模试卷注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Thechildrenwrotemagicalstoriestogether,_____imaginaryworldsofromanticandmilitaryadventure.A．tospin B．spinningC．havingspun D．tohavespun2．Howcome?Ican’tfindmykey.Ijustleftit________ithadbeen.A．where B．whichC．when D．how3．—Haveyoufoundthenewflatadvertisedinthenewspaper?—Yes.Butthecommunity____verylargeandInearlygotlostjustnow.A．hadbeen B．was C．willbe D．is4．Littleaboutherownsafety,thoughshewasingreatdangerherself.A．didRosecare B．RosedidcareC．Rosedoescare D．doesRosecare5．Whatactually______theaccidenthasnotyetbeendetermined.A．broughtout B．broughton C．broughtabout D．broughtup6．Moresubwaylines______tomaketravellingeasyinBeijinginthecomingyears.A．willbuild B．willbebuiltC．build D．arebuilt7．Maybehereallyshoulddomoreexercisesfromnowon.____,Ihopehecouldgetoversoon.A．Somehow B．Somewhat C．Anyway D．Anywhere8．Lackofsleep_______leadtoweakenedimmunityandmemory,andalsoslowphysicalgrowth.A．shall B．must C．should D．can9．—Bettergetdowntoyourwork,Tom.—_________.A．It’smypleasure B．Don’tmentionit C．MindyourownbusinessD．You’rewelcome10．Wecametothestation________alltheway,only________thetrainhadjustleft.A．running,told B．torun,tellingC．torun,tobetold D．running,tobetold11．Mothertoldmeinaphonecallthatshehadwrittentomeaweekbefore,butIhaven’treceived__________.A．one B．it C．something D．anything12．－Youknow,peoplehavedifferentopinionsabouttheconstructionoftheproject.－Wewelcomeanycommentsfromthem,favorableor_______.A．so B．otherwiseC．else D．rather13．—Couldyougivemeareminderat9tomorrowmorning?—I'msorry,butIameetingthen.A．attendB．willattendC．willbeattendingD．amattending14．Iamsothrilledtohavemyunderwaterphotos______intheNationalGeographicandonthecover!A．tobefeatured B．featured C．beingfeatured D．tofeature15．—Didyouenjoytheparty?—Yes.We___________wellbyourhosts.A．weretreated B．wouldbetreatedC．treated D．hadtreated16．Evenasmallpersonalcomputerstorevastamountsofinformation.A．might B．canC．oughtto D．hasto17．Theconditionsinthelocalschoolwerefairly_____,noelectricityandnobasicteachingfacilitiesavailable.A．unique B．typicalC．Primitive D．Stable18．—Ihavenoideawhatmadethestudentssoexcitedandcrazy.—______ithavebeentheirteam’svictoryinthefinals?A．Must B．CouldC．Would D．Should19．________thestudentsfromtheirendlesshomeworktheschoolhasdecidedtotakeaseriesofmeasures.A．Freed B．TofreeC．Freeing D．Havingfreed20．Agoodgovernmentisnottopicktechnologies,buttoestablishconditions________innovationissupportedandencouragedintothemarketplace.A．when B．thatC．as D．where第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Kidsseemtospendendlesshoursonsmartphones,computersandtabletsthesedays.Thebestthingparentscandotopreventitistoencourageyoungsterstospendmoretimeoutdoorsinthesunlight.Therehasbeenamassiverisearoundtheglobeinshort-sightedness—ormyopiaasit’sofficiallyknown—overrecentdecades.Myopiaorshort-sightednessisbecomingmorecommon.Lackofnaturallightseemstobethekeyissue.“Themainfactorseemstobealackofexposuretodirectsunlight,becausechildrenwhostudyalotandwhousecomputersorsmartphonesortabletcomputersalothavelessopportunitytorunaroundoutsideandarelessexposedtosunshineandbecauseofthatchildrenseemtobeatmoreriskofdevelopingshortsightedness.”ProfessorHammondsays,“Itmaybethere’snocoincidencethatinEastAsiancountries,themostmyopiconesallrelatemaytobethethatmathsleaguetables(排名表).Thesekidsarebeingpushedwithveryintensiveeducationfromaveryyoungageandspendalotoftimeindoorsstudyingcloseup.Thereforetheconcernisthatallclosework—likeplayingwiththeiPhone—carriesthepotentialthatitcouldmakethemmoreshortsighted.”Thebestthingtodo,saytheexperts,istogetchildrenplayingoutsideasmuchaspossible.“Inaperfectworld,probablyonaverageacrosstheweekandtheweekend,twohoursadayoutdoorsisprotectiveofbecomingshort-sightedinchildren.Healthydietisreallyalsoimportant—intermsofgettingoilyfish,greenvegetables,greenleafyvegetablesasmuchaspossible.“Whatweneedtolookatiswaysofmodifyingtheimpactthattheseactivitieshaveontheirvisualdevelopment.”ProfessorHammondsaid,“Thereareeyedropsandothertreatmentstoslowmyopiaprogression.Butintermsofpreventingmyopiaitself,thereisn’tanydataoutthereatthemomentintermsofthequestion,‘Couldthedropsweuseslowprogressionorstopmyopiadevelopingatall?‘”1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph2referto?A．Muchnaturallight.B．Runningaroundoutside.C．Computersorsmartphones.D．Lessexposuretosunshine.2、WhatdoesProfessorHammondthinkofshort-sightednessamongEastAsianchildren?A．Itappearsquitebychance.B．Itisnotseriousenough.C．ItlargelyrelatetoiPadoriPhone.D．Itconnectswiththeirstudypressure.3、Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Themyopicstudentswilldecreaseinthefuture.B．Researchershavefoundmethodstoreducemyopia.C．It’sstillahardjobtocontrolthechildren’smyopia.D．Researchersneedn’tcollectanymoredataonmyopia.4、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．CommontroublesofstudentsB．Problemscausedbyshort-sightednessC．StayingoutdoorsmoretokeepgoodeyesightD．Theimportanceofprotectingkids22．（8分）It’snosecretthatyourpersonalcharacteristicsdirectlyaffecthowyouinteractwiththeworld-butyoumightbesurprisedatjusthowdeepitgoes.Expertsthinkthatyourpersonalitycanevenaffecthowyouexerciseandinfluencewhatsportsaresuitableforyou.HighlySensitiveHighlysensitivepeoplemaybemoreuncomfortablewithgroupexerciseclassesorteamsportswheretheyfeeltheireverymoveisbeingobserved.Additionally,theymayfeelmoreupsetoveranineffectiveorpoorworkout,saysresearcherElaineAron.Forsuchpeopleindividualornon-competitiveactivitieslikebiking,runningandhikingareideal.TypeAPersonalityTypeAindividualsoftenhavean“allornothingapproach”toexercise.Thispersonalitytypeisknownforstickingcloselytotheirplan,nottomentionbeingsupercompetitive.However,thiscancausethemtosticktoocloselytoafitnessroutine,whichmeanstheymighttrytopushpastaninjury.Togetbetterexerciseresults,TypeApeopleneedtobeawarethatfollowinganexerciseplantoostrictlymaylimittheirprogress.Theyshouldbemoreflexibleandlistentobody,especiallywhentheyareinpain.TypeBPersonalityThislaid-backgroupmaygettoolazyabouttheirexerciseplan,whichpreventsthemfromseeingresults.Theyareoftenlesswillingtodevoteenoughtimeandenergytotheirfitnessgoals,especiallyifexerciseissomethingthatmakesthemanxiousTypeBindividualssucceedincreativeandco-operativeenvironments,soteamsportsandgroupgymclassesmaybeperfect.Remember,thereareplentyofwaysyoucanadaptafitnessplantosuityourneeds,regardlessofyourcharacteristics.Justkeepinmindwhatyoulike.1、Whymighthighlysensitivepeoplebeunwillingtotakepartingroupsports?A．Theydon'tconsiderthemselvestobeathletic.B．Theydon'tlikesocialisingwithotherpeople.C．Theywillfeelliketheyarebeingevaluated.D．Theyfearthey’llbeletdownbytheirteammates.2、TypeApersonalitiescanbebestdescribedas________.A．flexibleB．committedC．independentD．sensitive3、Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Tohelppeopleunderstandwhatpersonalitytypetheyare.B．Toexplainhowpersonalcharacteristicsaffectexercisehabits.C．Toidentifythedangersofdoingthewrongtypeofexercise.D．Todescribedifferenttypesofworkoutsthatareavailabletoday.23．（8分）AsPhDresearchgoes,BrianWisendenmightbeenvied:watchingbabyfishswimmingswiftlythroughtheclearwatersintheCostaRicantropicaldryforest.Byrecordingtheirgrowthandnumbers,hehopedtolookattheirrisksofbeingeaten.Instead,hewitnessedsomethingstrange.Manygroupswereincreasinginnumbers.Inthesegroups,someweresmallerthanothers,suggestingtheyweren’tsiblings(兄弟姐妹).Wisendenhadaccidentallydiscoveredthatthefish,calledconvictcichlids,adopteachother’sbabies.Whywouldtheydothat,hewondered?Inthehumanworld,wethinkofadoptionasaselflessact.Butinnature,itspresenceispuzzling.Takingontheburdenofbringingupbabieswithnogeneticlinkwouldseemtoreduceananimal’schanceofsurvivaloratleastprovidenogain.Yet,adoptionissurprisinglycommoninthenaturalworld.Taketheeasterngreykangaroo.Between2008and2013,Wisendenfollowedthefatesof326babykangaroosintheWilsonsPromontoryNationalParkinVictoriaandrecorded11casesofpouch(育儿袋)swapping.Thecircumstancesbehindsomeoftheseadoptionsaren’tknown,butfourwerestraightswapsandanotherfouroccurredafteramotherhadlostherownbaby.Howcome?Beforeindependence,babykangaroosgothroughaperiodinsideandoutsidetheirmotherspouch.Followingout-of-pouchattempts,mothersnormallysnifftheiryoungbeforeallowingthembackin,butWisendensteamsuspectthatduringanemergencytheymayomitthesnifftest,allowingaweakbabytoquicklyclimbinbeforefleeingfromdanger.Someofnature’sadoptionsare,actually,drivenbyyoung.Inburrowerbugs(土蝽),forexample,femaleslayanestofeggsclosetothoseofunrelatedbugs.Motherbugstendtheirdevelopingeggsbeforetheyhatch,andthenfeed出firbabiesnutsfromweedymintplants.Findingnutsisacompetitivebusiness，sonoteverymotherbuggetsherfairshare.Andifthedeliveryrateisn’tuptostandard,cleveryoungmayabandontheirmotherstojoinabetter-fedgroup.Theconsequencesofadoptionfollowingmistakenidentitycanbehorrible.Thetruebabiesofadoptingmotherswereabandoned.Buiitcanhaveremarkablebenefits,notjustforadopteesbutalsoforadoptiveparents.1、WhatcanwelearnaboutWisenden’sresearchaboutbabyfish?A．Itwasbeyondhisexpectations.B．Itputmanyrarespeciesatrisk.C．Itshowedageneticsimilarityinfish.D．Itfoundanewwaytoprotectforests.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“omit”meaninthepassage?A．Confirm.B．Repeat.C．Adopt.D．Skip.3、Whywouldsomeburrowerhugsabandontheirmothers?A．Toliveinwarmernests.B．Toreproduce.C．Toseekforbetterparenting.D．Toadapttocompetitionearlier.4、Whatmaytheauthormostprobablytalkaboutnext?A．Thecausesofaccidentaladoption.B．Theprocessesofaccidentaladoption.C．Thedrawbacksofaccidentaladoption.D．Theadvantagesofaccidentaladoption.24．（8分）I’mlearningtodriveinSwitzerland.IthinkitwillbeagoodideatolearnnowbecauseIhaveplentyoffreetimeandamearningalittlemoneytopayforlessons.IneverlearntwhenIlivedintheUK,soluckilydrivingonthe“wrong”sideisn’taproblem.However,therearealotofrulestoremember.Whenyouseearoadtoyourrightandtherearenowhitelinesontheground,thecarstoyourrighthavetherighttogobeforeyourcarandyouhavetostopforthem.Inpractice,lotsofpeopleforgetthisandcarseitherwaitforeachotherwhilebothdriverstrytorememberwhattodo,orbeep(鸣喇叭)ateachotherifbothtrytogoatthesametime!Whenyoudriveroundaroundabout,youshouldcheckallyourmirrors.Torememberhowtodothis,Ioftencountthemaloud—one,two,three—thenasecondglanceatyourblindspotwhenyou’reintheroundabout.OnefriendcamedrivingwithmeandafteraboutanhouraskedwhyonearthIwascounting.Hehadpassedhistestsolongago,hecouldn’tremembereverhavingtocheckthreemirrors!DrivingstillseemsscarytomesoIdrivequiteslowly.Ialsodon’tknowthecountrysideroadsverywellanddon’tknowwhat’scominguproundthecomeroroverthenexthill.IdriveslowlysoIfeelsafe,butmydrivinginstructortellsmetospeeduporcarswillbumpintomefrombehindortrytoovertakesomewheredangerous.Sodrivingslowlyisjustasdangerousasdrivingfast!I’mnotaverypracticalpersonsolearningtodrivehasbeenachallenge.Idon’thavealotofconfidenceandfinditquitedemotivatingtodosomethingthatdoesn’tcomenaturallytome.Tomakedrivingmorefunandinteresting,IlearninSwissGerman,somyinstructorgivesmeinstructionsinSwiss.ThiswayI’vetrickedmyselfintoenjoyingdrivingandhopefullywillpassthetest!1、Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph?A．Itisn’tapropertimefortheauthortotakedrivinglessonsnow.B．Drivingonthe“wrongside”doesn’tinfluencetheauthor..C．TheauthorwastoopoortopayfordrivinglessonsinSwitzerland.D．ItiseasyfortheauthortogetconfusedaboutthedrivingrulesinSwitzerland.2、Theauthoroftencounts“one,two,three”aloudwhendrivingroundaroundaboutto________.A．remindhimselftocheckthemirrorsB．speedupC．overtakesomewheredangerousD．makedrivingmoreinteresting3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“demotivating”inParagraph5mean?A．Encouraging.B．Amazing.C．Exciting.D．Discouraging.4、Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Drivingspeed.B．Strictdrivinginstructors.C．Anecdotesofmydrivingexperience.D．ComplicateddrivingrulesinSwitzerland.25．（10分）Theworld’srichestmanmightseemtohaveitall,butBillGateshasoneregret.Theself-madebillionairesaidhefeltstupidfornotknowinganyforeignlanguages.SpeakinginhisthirdAskMeAnythingquestion-and-answersessionforonlineforumReddit(红迪网),theMicrosoftfoundersaidthathewishedhespokeFrench,ArabicorChinese.Hesaid:“ItookLatinandGreekinhighschoolandgotA’sandIguessithelpsmyvocabulary.Ikeephopingtogettimetostudyoneofthese—probablyFrenchbecauseitistheeasiest.IdidDuolingoforawhilebutdidn’tkeepitup.”Gates,whoisworth$79.3billion,praisedFacebookfounderMarkZuckerbergforsurprisinganaudienceinBeijingwhenhespokefluentChinese.“MarkZuckerbergamazinglylearnedChineseanddidaQ&AwithChinesestudents—unbelievable,isn’tit?”hesaidThisisn’tthefirsttimeforGatestoadmithisregretoverlanguage.Healsoshowedhishabitsathomeandpersonalinsights.LastFebruary,Gatessaidhelikestodothedisheshimself—tohisownspecialstandardseverynightandalsotoldtheinterviewerthathiswife,Melinda,wouldlikelywantSamuelL.Jacksontoplayherhusbandinabiopic(传记片).Healsoadmittedthathewouldpickupa$100billifhefounditonthestreet.AshetookthetopspotonForbes(福布斯)28thAnnualBillionaireslistlastyearforthefourthtime,hesaidheisprettybasicwhenitcomestospendingonclothesandfood,butthatheenjoysinvestinginshoesandracquets(球拍)whenheplaystennis.Whenaskedalifelessonhehadtolearnthehardway,thebillionairesaidstayinguptoolateisahabitheisstilltryingtobreak.“Don’tstayuptoolateevenifthebookisreallyexciting.Youwillregretitinthemorning.Pamstillworkingonthisproblem.”hesaid.1、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．AnInterviewwithBillGates B．HowBillGatesSucceededC．BillGates’Regret D．TheRichestBillionaire2、TheunderlinedpartinParagraph8mayactuallymeanthat_____.A．itisimportanttolayagoodfoundationoflifeB．foodandclothingarebasicneedsforpeople’slifeC．hedoesn’tspendmuchmoneyonfoodandclothesD．henevercaresaboutbuyingfoodandclothing3、WhatadvicedidBillGatesgive?A．Avoidstayinguptoolate.B．Beagoodlanguagelearner.C．Dothedishesyourselfathome.D．Pickupthe$100billsinthestreets.4、Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．BillGatesisalsothefounderofFacebook.B．BillGatestoppedthelistofForbes28times.C．BillGateswasgoodatlearninglanguagesinhighschoo1.D．BillGates’wifewantsSamueltoplayagamewithGates.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Dandelions（蒲公英）arecommonweedsthatgrowinmanyplacesaroundtheworld.Indifferent1,dandelionstakedifferentshapes.Scientistshavelong2thatdifferenthabitatsledtothecreationof3species,andthatdifferencesinformareactualproofofdifferentspecies.4,accordingtoTuresson,itisalsopossiblethata5speciestakesdifferentshapesdependentonthehabitatsit6in.Tostudythis,Ihavelookedattwodandelionsgrowingindifferenthabitats.Theone,7IwillcallDandelion1,growsinagrassfieldthatliesinthe8.TheotherDandelion,Dandelion2,growsintheshadow,eg9thetreesorbehindashed.Thegrassfieldishotand10.Theshadowiscoolandwet.So,whatarethe11betweenDandelion1and2?Dandelion1isdarkgreen,andits12areshortandquitethick.Mostoftheleaveslie13onthesurroundinggrass.Theflowersareshort.Dandelion2,ontheotherhand,looksverydifferently.Theleavesarelongand14green,Mostleavesstandinaverticalposition.Theflowersalso15tall.Dandelion216strongandtall.Itisclearthatitgrowsverywellinthe17,andthathasenough18andspacetogrowintoabigplant.Dandelion1,ontheotherhand,issmallanddark.Itseemsthatthe19inthegrasslandmakeitdifficultforthisdandeliontogrowintoabigplant.20,theconditionsinthetwodifferenthabitatsresultindifferentshapesforthesedandelions.ForDandelion1,thesunmakesthegrassfieldhotanddry.Inordertosavewater,itgrowsshortandthickleaves.1、A．housesB．habitatsC．parksD．countries2、A．disagreedB．providedC．believedD．calculated3、A．newB．goodC．oldD．bad4、A．HoweverB．ThereforeC．ThusD．Otherwise5、A．sameB．differentC．strangeD．single6、A．plantsB．worksC．takesD．grows7、A．whatB．whichC．thatD．when8、A．worldB．mountainC．sunD．valley9、A．underB．overC．uponD．between10、A．HumidB．WetC．SoftD．dry11、A．similaritiesB．advantagesC．differencesD．disadvantages12、A．seedsB．leavesC．weedsD．woods13、A．flatB．apartC．deadD．logical14、A．darkB．brightC．artificialD．familiar15、A．lieB．breakC．standD．perform16、A．soundsB．smellsC．feelsD．looks17、A．swallowB．shallowC．shadowD．shape18、A．sunshineB．leavesC．honeyD．water19、A．ConditionsB．OccasionsC．SituationsD．preparations20、A．FortunatelyB．ObviouslyC．ConsequentlyD．Accidentally第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）OnMonday,WorldHealthOrganization(WHO)statedaplantoridtheworld’sfoodsupplyoftransfats（反式脂肪）.Theseunhealthythingshavebeenrelatedtomanyillnesses.WHOisaUnitedNationsorganization1．workstoimprovegoodhealtharoundtheworld.ItsplaniscalledREPLACE.Thestep-by-stepguideisdesigned2．(help)worldgovernmentsremovetransfats3．theirfoodswithinthenextfiveyears.Transfats4．(use)inbakedgoodsandfriedfoods.Foodcompaniesusetransfatstokeepfoodsforlongerperiodsoftime.Butthethingscanbedeadly.WHOsaysthat5．(eat)foodswithtransfatsresultsinmorethan500,000deathsfromheartdiseaseeveryyear.Transfatsareaharmfulsubstancesandcanberemoved6．(easy)withoutmajorcostandwithoutanyeffectonthequalityofthefoods.Denmark7．(be)thefirstcountrytobantransfats15yearsago.TheUnitedStatesand40other8．(country)soonfollowed.“Whyshouldourchildrenhavesuch9．unsafesubstanceintheirfoods?”Dr.TedrosGhebreyesusaskedinaninterview.HeisWHO’sdirector-general.Hesaidthattheplancould“makefoodsystemsmuch10．(healthy)forfuturegenerations.”第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Attention,swimmer!Pleaselistencarefullytothefollowedinformation、AllguestsmustsignoutandleaveaphotoIDatthefrontdesk、Itisrequiredwhichallswimmersshouldsho