英语-陕西省渭南市大荔县2023-2024学年高一下学期期末质量检测试题和答案

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)A.Bybus.A.Abook.B.Awriter.6.Whathappenedtotheboy?A.OnWednesday.B.OnThursdaA.Breakfast.B.Lunch.C.Supper.A.$250.B.$500.C.A.Takingatrip.B.DoingthegarA.Tcachhimsclf.B.Lcarnfromhisbrother.A.America.B.NewZealand.AThere'snobetterwayforustolearnabouttheamazingcreaturesthatshareourplanetthanup-closeandpersonalanimalencounters.ResearchingOceanCreaturesintheMaldivesTheMarineLifeDiscoveryCenterintheMaldivesisagreatplacetolearnaboutallkindsofo-ceananimals.Youcanjointhescientistsandhelpprotecttheoceanenvironment.Moreover,theccnlcrrunsarcscucprogramforscaLurtlcs.HelpingBabyElephantsinKenyaRclctiElcphantSancluaryischildren'sfavoritcplacc.ThisccnlcrissclupLosavcbabyclc-phants,andvisitorscaninteractwiththebabieswhilegivingfoodtothem.However,manyotherkindsofwildlifealsoenduphere.ThisisauniqueplacetointeractwithAfricananimalsofallshapesandsizes,ConservingRhinos(犀牛)inSouthAfricaThetwonewMaratabaConservationCampswillgiveyounewexperiences.VisitorsareexpectedLolakepartinallrcscarchprojcclsandwillscewildlifcandgctIocolleclrclatcdinformalion.RhinoConscrvalionisalthehcartofMaralaba,whichhaswonderfulvicwsoftheWalcrbcrgMounlains.FindingRareAnimalsinNewZealandNewZealandisfilledwithuniqueanimals,likethetuatara,ananimalthatlivedonFarthbe-foretheemergenceofhumancivilizationanditsclosestrelativediedoutduringtheageofthedino-saurs.YoucangotoSouthlandMuseumandArtGallerytomeetoneorspottheminthewildonTiritiriMatangiIsland.21.WhatcanvisitorsdointheRetetiElephantSanctuary?A.Fccdbabyclepharls.B.Joininclepharilrcscucprograrms.C.Carryoutrcscarchprojccts.D.Intcractwithvariousuniqucanimals.22.Whcreareprchistoricanimallovcrsmostlikclytogo?A.KenyaB.TheMaldives.C.SouthAfrica.D.NewZealand.23.Whydoestheauthorwritethetext?A.Tointroducefourspecialcountries.B.Tosharctheaulhorsanimalcricourilers.C.Torccommcndsomcwildlifctrips.D.Toraiseawarenessofanimalprotection.BInmychildhood,myparentswouldtakemetowatchgames.IlovedtheexcitementIwouldfeelwhenwewenttowatchtheseevents,especiallywhenthescoreswerecloseuntiltheveryendof高一英语试题第3页(共10页)thegame.MymeaningfulattemptatsportsbeganwithT-ballattheageofthree,progressedtothebasketballcourtatsix,andfinallytumedintoafirmdevotiontothegameofbaseballfromtheageofeightonward.OneofmymostmemorablemomentswasattheWorldSerieswhenIwaselevenandplayedontheTexasRattlers.TheJulyheatwasunbearable.Itwasthesemi-finalgame.Sweatinglikeapig,ondhillcrandcaplainofthclcam,andIwasrcady[orthismomcnL.Inthencxlfcwscconds,IhadthechanccLoshowmystrcngthasahiulcrandmyabilityLobealcadcrunderprcssurcbyhituingahomerun!Wecarricdtheday!Astheteamcaptain,IrememberthetimeIhadtogiveaspeechtomyteambecausewehadlostanimportantgame.Iwasnervous,butIknewitwasmyresponsibilitytocheermyteamupwhentheywerecastdown.Thisexperiencehasshapedmymind,makingmebecomemoreinde-pendent,soI'mobtainingtheabilitytotalklikealeaderinfrontofmyteamandagroup.Sportsgetitthroughmyheadthatyoucan'twinateverythinginlifeallthetime.Onandoftheficld,Iammorciron-willed,disciplincd(遵守纪律的)andrcspcctlul,andabctlerlcader.Ihavehadsomarlyawcsomeexpericnccsthroughsporls,whichhaveLaughlmemuchandprcparcdmcforthefuturc.ThememoricsofallthetripsanddivcrsecxpcricnccsIhavchadwillbewithmeforalifetime.24.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph?A.Heoftenswitchedsports.B.Hewasagiftedchildinsports.C.Hehadabusychildhood.D.Hewasfondofsportsfromchildhood.25.Howdidtheauthorfeelduringthesemi-finalattheWorldSeries?A.Stresscdandtired.B.Proudandcorilidenl.C.Unbcarableanddown.D.Surpriscdandcncrgctic.26.Whatwastoughfortheauthoraccordingtoparagraph3?A.Leadinghisteamtofacefailure.B.Givingaspeechbeforetheteam.C.Improvinghisleadershipqualities.D.Overcominghisownnervousness.27.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.InterestingLifeofSportsB.LifeLessonsfromSportsC.DccpAllcclionforSporlsD.SpccialMomcrnlsinSporlsCSometimespeoplecomeintoyourlifeandyouknowrightawaythattheyaremeanttobethere…toservesomesortofpurpose,teachyoualessonorhelpfigureoutwhoyouareorwhoyouwanttobecome.Youneverknowwhothesepeoplemaybebut,whenyoulockeyeswiththem,youknowthat高一英语试题第4页(共10页)everymomenttheywillaffectyourlifeinaprofoundway.Andsometimesthingshappentoyouatthetimethatmayseemhorrible,painfulandunfairbut,uponreflection,yourealizethatwithoutovercomingthosehardships,youwouldhaveneverre-alizedyourpotential,strength,willpowerorheart.Everythinghappensforareason.Nothinghappensbymeansofgoodluck.Illness,injury,love,lostmomentsoftruegreatnessandabsolutestupidityallhappentotestthelimitsofyousoul.Withoulthescsmalllcsls,lifcwouldbclikcasmooth,straight,flalroadlonowhcrc.Salcandcomlortablcbulmcaninglcss.Thcpcopleyoumcclallcclyourlifc.Thesucccsscsandfailurcsthatyoucxpericncecancrcalewhoyouarc,andthebadexpericncescanbelcarnedfrom.Infacl,theyareprobablythemostimportantones.Ifsomeonehurtsyou,betrays(背叛)youorbreaksyourheart,forgivethembecausetheyhavehelpedyoulearnabouttrustandtheimportanceofbeingcarefulwithwhomyouopenyourheartto.Ifsomeonelovesyou,lovethemback,notonlybecausetheyloveyou,butbecausetheyareteachingyoutoloveandopenyourheartandeyestolittlethings.Makccvcrydaycounl.Apprccialccvcrymomcnlandtakcfromitcvcrythingthalyoupossiblycan,foryoumayncvcrbeablelocxpcricnceitagain.TalkLopcopleyouhavencverLalkcdtobc-forc,andactuallylistcn.IIoldyourhcadupbccauscyouhavecvcryrightto.Tellyoursclfyouarcanuniqueindividualandbelieveinyourself,forifyoudon'tbelieveinyourself,nooneelsewillbe-lieveinyou.28.ThefirstparagraphtellsusthatA.youwillneverknowwhowillcomeintoyourlifeB.yourlifeissometimesinfluenceddeeplybysomeoneC.younccdhclpLojudgcwhoyouarcinlifcD.youknowsomconcthcmomcntyoumccthim29.ItcanboinfrrodfromthcfourthparagraphthatA.everythingisatestforyouB.thereisnogoodluckinlifeC.nothinghappensbychanceD.thereisalimittoyourlove30.Accordingtothepassage,youA.setahigherlifegoalB.openyourhearttoothersC.livecvcrydaylothefullD.Lrcalyoursclfasagrcalperson31.ThewritcrdevclopsthopassagcbyA.analyzingdataB.reasoningC.givingexamplesD.tellingastoryDTheholeintheozone(臭氧)layer,onelayerofthestratosphere(平流层),begantoformo-高一英语试题第5页(共10页)verAntarcticainAugust2023,causingwarningsthatalarger-than-averageholecouldfurtherwarmtheSouthernOccanwhilethclevclofAnlarc:licscaiceisalarccordlow.Dr.MartinJuckeratthcUnivcrsityofNcwSouthWalcssaidthcholcusuallybcganformingatthecndofScptembcr,peakinginOctoberbeforeclosinginNovemberorDecember.Theozoneholeisanannualthinningofthestratosphere'sozonelayer,whichhasahighcon-centrationofozone.Theholehasbeen“recovering”overtimeandozonelevelsovertheAntarcticareexpectedtoreturnto1980levelsby2066.Thedevelopmentoftheozoneholein2023wasnotadventitious.TheozoneholeisusuallysmallerduringEINinoycars(厄尔尼诺年),bulthemodclofJuckcrsuggcsleditwouldbelargerthanusualin2023duelotheunderseaTongavolcanicexplosionin2022,whichwaslikelylohaveanimpactontheozonclaycrintheycarsfollowing.IncarlyAugust,theformationwasaboutavcr-agcforthcdayoftheycar.Thisincrcascdrapidlyinthencxtfewdays,producingoncofthclargcstobscrvcdozoncholcsforthctimcofycar.TheexplosionoftheTongavolcanobroughtalargeamountofwatervapour(蒸气)intothestratosphere.“Itwasabout150megatonnes.Afactorofaboutthreetimesmorewatervapourthanweusuallyhave,”saidJucker.Icecloudsforminthestratospherewhenthereismorewatervapourthanusual,allowinglinyozone-destructingsubslanceslogatherthere.Juckersaidhewascon-cernedaboultheimpacloftheholeonAnlarcticseaice,whichhasbeenalrecordlowlevels.32.WhaldoweknowabouttheAnlarcticozonehole?A.Ithappenscvcryycar.B.Itkccpsalabalanccdlcvcl.C.Itlcndsloworscnannually.D.Itrcmainsthelargcslonrccord.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adventitious”inparagraph3mean?A.ReasonableB.Unsettled.C.RareD.Unexpected.34.WhatistheresultoftheTongavolcanicexplosionaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Thedisappearanceofozone.B.Thealmosphcricchangcs.C.ThercductionofwalcrvapourD.Theformationofdestructivesubstances.35.Whichofthefollowingisasuilabletitleforthetexl?A.StratosphcrcFaccsNcwThrcatsB.OzoneIevelsAreChangingContinuouslyC.OzoneHoleFormsEarlierThanUsualD.VolcanicExplosionProducesGlobalEffects第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)高一英语试题第6页(共10页)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It'shappenedloallofus:asongcomesontheradio,andweareimmedialelyIransporledbacktoatimeinourpast.36Thereareafewthingsthatconnecttunes(曲调)withourmemories.Musicisoftenanecessa-ryelementofmanyimporlantlifeevenls,anditisalsoveryellecliveincalchingourallention.37Bcsidcs,thccmotionalnaturcofmusichelpsmakcitparticularlymemorablc.Weoftenbecomefamiliarwithapieceofmusicbecausewehearitasbackgroundmusic.ThemorcIamiliarapicccofmusicis,themorecllcclivcitisinbringingbackmcmorics.38ThereasonisthatwearefarmorelikelytohearasongoverandoveragainthantowatchafilmoraTVprogrammeinthesameway.TillanyJenkins,writingforaculurccolumn,hasadillcrcntopinion:39Shctcllsushowthroughouthistoryoralcultureshavepassedimportantknowledgefromgenerationtogenerationthroughsongsbecauseofthischaracteristic.Therhythm(韵律)andrhymeinlinesofsongsallscrvcasmcmoryaids.occurrcdduringthcirtccnageycarsandcarlyadulthood.It'sclearthatourmemoriesandmusicarecloselylinkedtothepointthatmusicisbeingusedtohelpAlzheimer'sdiseasesufferersaccessmemoriesthattheythoughttheyhadlost.A.Familiarityisimportant.B.Musicitselfiseasytoremember.C.Butwhatmakesmusicsoeffectiveindoingthis?D.Ourmusicalpreferenceusuallyformsduringourteens.F.Popmusicespeciallycanbeconnecledwithanimporlanlmemory.C.Musicandtheselifeeventsarelikelytobelinkedtogetherinourmemories.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ihavebeenoneofthosemenwhosetthesamegoalseveryyearbutrarely41anyofthem.Istartedhotandreadyfora42yeareachyearbutthatenergy43bytheendofFebruaryIcamcLothecndofcachycarfccling44-高一英语试题第7页(共10页)Attheendof2016,Ireachedmy45point.Iwastiredofbeingoverweightandbroke,46_topaymybills,in47_relationships,andfeelinglikea(n)48_tothoseinmyIsaid“enough”,andstartedatthebeginningof2017inaplacethat49me-Maui,Ha-waii.Ispentmorningsonthebeachreflectingquietlyand50mymentalitytoprocesstrauma(创伤).Ispentdays51howtopromotemyselfintheareasIwantedto,andIgottowork.IlcflMauiachangcdman,andthc52lobccomingthcbeslvcrsionofmysclfhasn'lsloppcdsincc.OncofmybiggestrcalizaLionswasthe53_ofpultingmyselffirslandcrcalinggoalsconrccL-edwithwhereIwantedtogoinlife.prioritizedgoalshaveledtoabettermeforeveryoneelseinmylife.Lifeismore54sincemak-ingtheshifttoself-prioritizationingoalsetting.Understandingandcarryingoutself-prioritizationinyourgoal-settingcangreatly55howyoureachyourgoalsandworkonbecomingthebestversionofyoursclf41.A.LricdB.ignioredC.replaccdD.achicved42.A.productivcB.joyfulC.colorfulD.novcl43.A.pickedupB.messedupG.turnedawayD.fadedaway45.A.turningB.startingC.breakingD.meeting46.A.intendingB.promisingC.longingD.struggling47.A.boringB.unhealthyC.dangerousD.direct48.A.cxampleB.prideC.disappoinlmenlD.arinoyance49.A.improsscdB.tostodC.attractedD.changcd50.A.cnjoycdB.conncctcdC.rightedD.drcamcd51.A.discussingB.studyingG.choosingD.judging52.A.journeyB.approachC.answerD.solution53.A.abilityB.definitionsC.importanceD.intention54.A.rewardingB.preciousC.beautifulD.mysterious55.A.implyB.improvcC.conlainD.coriLrol第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Myrelationshipwithneedleswasnotveryclose.Ionlyrecentlyovercamemyfearofgettingmyblooddrawn.SowhenI56(offer)theopportunitytotryacupuncture(针灸)forthefirsttimeformyanxietyand57(tense),Iwasuneasy.高一英语试题第8页(共10页)Anyway,ItriedoutNewYork'snewlyopenedacupuncturestudio,WTHN.Theplaceisbeau-tiful,simplebutmodem.Myacupuncturistfirstinquired58Iwaslookingtoachievebycom-pletingthissession.ThenIsettledfacedownontotheheatedtableandcomfortablylaythere59theguidanceoftheacupuncturist.Sheinserted(插入)hair-thinneedlesintomyanklesandslow-lyworkcdhcrwayup,60(hit)ccrtainpointsthroughoutmybody,untilshcarrivcdatmyhead.Witheachneedle,Ifeltabitofpressure,butnopain.Afterallneedleswereinserted,sheexplainedthatIwasgoingtoliein61positionforthenext20-25minutestolet62(they)workmagicThcidcaofnccdlcsbcingplaccdinloccrlainparlsofyourbodysoundcdlikcahorrorfilmwhcn63(describe)outloudforme;however,aftertryingacupuneture,Icouldtellyouthatitwas64(complete)different.Thisapproachallowedmetocalmdowntotally65stepawayfromthethingsthatwerecausingmestresstofocusonmyhealth.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)2.说明你的理由。1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。第二节读后续写(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。AnHonestMistakeAliccdouble-chcckcdthowordsonherspcllingtcst.Ifshegot100pcrecnttoday,shc'dwinherclass'sFirst-QuarterSpellingChallengeandabrand-newdictionarythatcamewithvideosandothercoolstuff.Plus,Lisahadpromisedtodoahandstandifanyonegotaperfectscore.高一英语试题第9页(共10页)Threemorewordstogo.n-i-c-e-1-y.q-u-i-e-k-1-y.h-0-n-8-t-y.Wail!She'dspelled“honesty”,nol“honestly”!ShehurriedlyerasedtheL-yandwrolel-ybe-forchandinginherpapcr.“I'llcorrectandgradethesetestpapersatthebreak”,saidLisa.Alicehurriedintotheclass-room.Shesatrestlesslyinherseatwithherfingerserossed.ThenLisawalkedtothefrontoftheroomandclearedherthroal.“Congratulations,Alice!Youdidit!”sheannounced.Thewholeclassburstintoapplause!LisaprcscnledAliccwithherprizc.Alicegrinncd(咧嘴笑)asshercadthelabclonthebox:ToAiceCarter,forherperfectfirst-quarterscoreinspelling.“IscverythingOK?”MomaskedasAliceburstthroughthefrornldoorallcrschool.“Everythingisperfect!”Aliceshouted,showingMomherspellingtestpaperandprize.Momhuggedher.“PutthetostonthefridgesoDadcansccitwhenhegcthomc.AndCaspcr,too.”Aliecscooped(抱起)uphercat.“Casper,canyouspellnicely,quicklyandhonestly?”Alice'sheartmissedabeatsuddenly.“Honestly?”H-0-N-E-S-L-Y!“Alice,what'sthemaller?”saidMom.“Idon'tfeelsogood,”Alicesaid,putlingCasperdownandstuffingthetestpaperintoherbackpack.“Probablytoomuchexcitement.”Momrubbedherback.“Howaboutsomclca?”Aliceswallowcd,“Howdidyouknow?”A“L”iscxaclywhatIneeded.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph1:Shortlyafterwards,Alicedashedintoherroomandpulledoutthetestpaper.AliccpushcdopcnthedoorofLisa'sollicc.第一部分听力1—5CABCA6—10ACBBA11—15BACAC16—20BBCAB第二部分阅读第一节A篇本文是一篇应用文。文章主要向读者介绍了四个能跟野生动物近距离接触的行程。21.A细节理解题。根据HelpingBabyElephantsinKenya部分中的“RetetiElephantSanctuaryischildren’sfavoriteplace.Thiscenterissetuptosavebabyelephants,andvisitorscaninteractwiththebabieswhilegivingfoodtothem.”可知，在雷泰蒂大象保护区，游客可以喂象宝宝。故选A。22.D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“NewZealandisfilledwithuniqueanimals,likethetuatara,ananimalthatlivedonEarthbeforetheemergenceofhumancivilizationanditsclosestrelativediedoutduringtheageofthedinosaurs.”可知，新西兰到处都是罕见的动物，比如楔齿蜥，它在人类文明出现之前就生活在地球上（该信息表明它是史前动物它的近亲在恐龙时代就灭绝了。因此，史前动物爱好者最有可能会去新西兰。故选D。23.C目的意图题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中的“There’snobetterwayforustolearnabouttheamazingcreaturesthatshareourplanetthanup-closeandpersonalanimalencounters.”以及下文小标题中的“OceanCreatures”“BabyElephants”“Rhinos(犀牛)”“RareAnimals”可知，本文主要向读者推荐了四个可以和野生动物近距离接触的行程。故选C。B本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过体育运动获得的人生感悟。24.D推理判断题。根据第一段首句可知，作者小时候，父母总是带他去看体育比赛，他喜欢观看比赛时的兴奋感，再结合本段最后一句“MymeaningfulattemptatsportsbeganwithT-ballattheageofthree,progressedtothebasketballcourtatsix,andfinallyturnedintoafirmdevotiontothegameofbaseballfromtheageofeightonward.”可知，他3岁开始尝试玩乐乐棒球，6岁打篮球，8岁之后一直全身心地投入棒球运动中。由此可推知，作者自幼就喜爱体育运动。故选D。25.B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Oneofmymostmemorablemoments”“Inthenextfewseconds,Ihadthechancetoshowmystrengthasahitterandmyabilitytobealeaderunderpressurebyhittingahomerun!Wecarriedtheday!”可知，在作者难忘的一场半决赛中，在球队落后一分的情况下，他打出了本垒打，展示了他作为击球员的实力及球队队长的抗压能力，让球队赢得了比赛。通过这些描述，我们可以推断出，作者应是为此感到骄傲自豪的。此外，从第二段的“Iwasreadyforthismoment”中我们也可以感受到作者的自信。故选B。26.A推理判断题。根据第三段可知，作者的球队输掉了一场重要的比赛后，作为队长，作者必须给大家做演讲，那时作者很紧张，但是责任驱使他鼓舞大家，带大家走出情绪低谷。这次经历使作者变得更加独立并获得了在队伍面前像领导者一样讲话的能力。运动使作者认识到，人一生中不可能什么事都赢。由此可知，作者认为困难的事是带领球队勇敢面对失败。故选A。27.B标题概括题。文章第一段介绍了作者从小就喜爱体育运动；第二段讲的是作者体育运动中的高光时刻；第三段讲的是体育运动教会作者接受失败；最后一段总结了体育运动教给作者很多东西，且这些经历和记忆将陪伴作者一生。由此可知，这篇文章主要讲述了作者通过体育运动获得的人生感悟。故选B。C本文是一篇说明文。讲述的是我们要感谢生命中遇到的一切，你所遇到的影响你生命的人，你所经历的成功与失败，都有助于塑造和成就你的人生，你可以做任何想做的事来塑造你的人生。创造你自己的人生，并无怨无悔地去过这一生吧。28．B主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sometimespeoplecomeintoyourlifeandyouknowrightawaythattheyaremeanttobethere…toservesomesortofpurpose,teachyoualessonorhelpfigureoutwhoyouareorwhoyouwanttobecome.”（有时候，一些人走进你的生活，你马上就知道他们是注定要出现的，为了某种目的，给你上一课，或者帮助你弄清楚你是谁，你想成为什么样的人。）可知，第一段告诉我们，你的生活有时会受到某些人的深刻影响。故选B。29．C推理判断题。根据第四段“Everythinghappensforareason.Nothinghappensbymeansofgoodluck.Illness,injury,love,lostmomentsoftruegreatnessandabsolutestupidityallhappentotestthelimitsofyousoul.”（万事皆有因。没有什么事情是靠运气发生的。疾病、伤害、爱情、失去真正伟大的时刻和绝对的愚蠢，这些都是对你灵魂极限的考验。）可知，从第四段可以推断出没有什么事情是偶然发生的。故选C项。30．C细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Makeeverydaycount.Appreciateeverymomentandtakefromiteverythingthatyoupossiblycan,foryoumayneverbeabletoexperienceitagain.”（让每一天都有意义。珍惜每一刻，尽你所能从中汲取一切，因为你可能永远无法再经历一次。）可知，根据文章内容，作者建议你充实地过好每一天。故选C项。31．B推理判断题。本文主要论证其他人走入“我们”的生活，有着这样或那样的意义，生活中的成功和失败都是有原因的，“我们”应该以充满爱的态度和积极的态度面对生活。所以B项，“阐述理由”符合题意。A项意为“分析数据”，C项意为“举例子”，D项意为“讲故事”，均不符合题意。故选B项。D篇本文是一篇说明文。由于汤加海底火山的爆发引起大气变化，2023年南极洲上空臭氧空洞提前出现。32.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Theozoneholeisanannualthinningofthestratosphere’sozonelayer”可知，南极臭氧空洞是一种每年发生的平流层中臭氧层变薄的现象。故选A。33.D词义猜测题。画线词后提到在厄尔尼诺年份，臭氧空洞通常较小，但Jucker的模型表明，由于2022年的汤加海底火山爆发，2023年的臭氧空洞将比往年更大，这可能会对未来几年的臭氧层产生影响。综上可知，2023年的臭氧空洞的发展是提前预料到的。画线词的含义为“偶然发生的，非计划中的”，unexpected的含义与之相近。故选D。34.B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“TheexplosionoftheTongavolcanobroughtalargeamountofwatervapour(蒸气)intothestratosphere.”“Icecloudsforminthestratosphere...togatherthere.”可知，火山喷发向平流层排放大量水蒸气，当平流层中的水蒸气比平常多时，会形成冰云，破坏臭氧层的微粒会在那里聚集。由此可推知，汤加火山爆发引起了大气的变化。故选B。35.C标题概括题。本文是一篇新闻类说明文。文章首段点明主题：臭氧空洞通常在九月底开始形成，但2023年提前了，在八月份就开始形成了。接着，作者围绕该话题介绍了臭氧空洞的特点、对这种现象的研究以及这种现象的成因等。故C项“臭氧空洞的形成比以往要早”适合作标题。故选C。第二节本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了音乐将人们带往过去记忆中的原因。36.C本文是总—分—总结构。本几个方面介绍了音乐为什么能和我们的记忆产生联系。第二段的首句就是对本空的回答。C项表示“但是是什么让音乐在这方面如此有效呢”能够承上启下，符合37.G空前提到“有一些事件把曲调与我们的记忆联系起来。音乐通常是很多重要生活事件必不可少的一个要素，而且它在吸引我们的注意力方面也很有效”，因此空处应与音乐和“belinkedtogether”呼应本段首句中的“connect”。故选G。38.E本段主要讲述的是我们对某首音乐越熟悉，它就越容易让我们回忆过往。空后提到“原因是我们更有可能一遍又一遍地听一首歌，而不是以同样的方式看一部电影或一个电视节目”，由此可知，空处所填内容既能承接上文，又要与空后内容形成因果关系。E项中的“This”指代空前一句话的内容，“otherculturalproducts”与空后的“afilmoraTVprogramme”对应。故选E。39.B根据空后的内容“throughouthistory...throughsongsbecauseofthischaracteristic.Therhythm(韵律)andrhymeinlinesofsongsallserveasmemoryaids”可总结出TiffanyJenkins的观点是音乐本身容易记忆。故选B。40.D本空位于段首，应是段落主旨句。空后一句中的“Thisfact”应指代本空所填内容或所填内容的一部分，再根据空后的“olderadults(overforty)haveincreasedrecollectionofeventsthatoccurredduringtheirteenageyearsandearlyadulthood”可知，本空应涉及音乐和青少年或青年时期的关系。D项“我们的音乐偏好通常在十几岁的时候形成”符合语境。故选D。第三部分语言运用第一节本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者通过对自己欠佳状态的回顾到后来做出改变的经历向读者阐述了设立“自我优先”目标的重要性及好处。41.D考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“setthesamegoalseveryyearbutrarely”及语境可知，作者每年都设定同样的目标，但几乎很少完成那些目标。D项意为“完成”，符合语境。42.A考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知，此处表示作者每年都热情满满，准备迎接收获满满的一年。A项意为“富有成效的”，符合语境。B项意为“快乐的”；C项意为“丰富多43.D考查动词短语辨析。根据上文中的“butthatenergy”及语境可知，但到二月底，作者的热情就渐渐褪去了。D项意为“逐渐消失，慢慢褪去”，符合语境。A项意为“拾起，符。故选D。44.B考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知，此处表示每年年底作者都会有挫败感。B项意为“被均与语境不符。故选B。45.C考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“Iwastiredofbeingoverweightandbroke”可知，作者在2016年年底到了人生崩溃的极限。breakingpoint意为“（问题难以遏制的）顶点，极选D。47.B考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“Iwastiredofbeingoverweightandbroke”及语境可知，此处表示人际关系不良。B项意为“不良的”，符合语境。A项意为“无聊的”；C48.C考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，此处表示像一个令人失望的人。C项意为“使人失望49.D考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处表示作者在2017年初来到了改变他的地方——C项意为“吸引”，均与语境不符。故选D。50.C考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“processtrauma(创伤)”及语境可知，作者早晨坐在沙滩上静静地沉思，让自己恢复正常来应对创伤。C项意为“使恢复正常，纠正”，符合语境。A项意为“享受”；B项意为“联结使）连接”；D项意为“做梦，梦见”，均与语境不符。故选C。51.B考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处表示作者花了几天时间研究如何在自己想要进入52.A考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“IleftMauiachangedman”及语境可知，作者离开Maui岛后变了一个人，成为最好的自己的旅程从未停止。A项意为“旅行，行程”，符合语境。53.C考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，此处表示作者认识到把自己（的需求）放在第一位的为“计划”，均与语境不符。故选C。54.A考查形容词辨析。根据上文“Self-prioritizedgoalshaveledtoabettermeforeveryoneelseinmylife.”及语境可知，此处表示生活变得更加有益。A项意为“值得做的，有益的”，符。故选A。55.B考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处表示在设定目标时理解并执行自我优先排序可以大大改善你实现目标的方式。B项意为“改善，提升”，符合语境。A项意为“暗示”；C项意为“包含，抑制”；D项意为“控制”，均与第二节本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者害怕针，直到最近才克服对抽血的恐惧，所以第一次在纽约的一个针灸馆做针灸时，她内心很忐忑，但结果让作者很意外，针灸让作者完全平静下来，把注意力从那些给她造成压力的事情上移开，专注于她的健康。56.wasoffered考查时态和语态。所以，当我第一次有机会尝试用针灸来缓解我的焦虑和紧张时，我感到不安。分析句子结构可知，空处为谓语；结合下文作者针灸的经历可知，作者有了（即被提供了）针灸的机会，所以此处主语I与offer之间是被动关系，再根据主句用的一般过去时可知，从句也用一般过去时。故填wasoffered。57.tension考查词性转换。空处与anxiety并列作宾语，应用tense的名词形式。tension“（情绪上的）紧张，烦躁”。故填tension。58.what考查宾语从句。我的针灸师首先询问我希望通过完成这次治疗达到什么目的。空处引导宾语从句，在句中作achieve的宾语。故填what。59.under考查固定搭配。然后，在针灸师的指导下，我面朝下舒适地趴在加热的床上。undertheguidanceofsb.“在某人的指导下”为固定搭配。故填under。60.hitting考查非谓语动词。她把细如发丝的针插入我的脚踝，慢慢地向上，刺中我全身的某些部位，直到她针灸到我的头部。空处是非谓语，此处hit是与“workedherwayup”的动作同时发生的，且主语She与hit之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填hitting。61.the考查冠词。插入所有针后，她解释说，我将在接下来的20到25分钟保持这一姿势趴着，让它们发挥魔力。此处的position特指上文的“settledfacedownontotheheatedtableandcomfortablylaythere”。故填定冠词the。62.them考查代词。此处是letsth.dosth.结构，空处为宾语，故用代词宾格，指针灸的那些针。故填them。63.described考查非谓语动词。将针插入身体某些部位这一想法被大声向我描述出来时，听起来像是一部恐怖片。此处是状语从句的省略结构，主句主语是Theidea，与describe之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。故填described。64.completely考查词性转换。空处修饰形容词different，应用complete的副词形式。completely“彻底地，完全地，完整地”。故填completely。65.and考查连词。这种方法让我完全平静下来，把注意力从那些给我造成压力的事情上移开，专注于我的健康。结合句意并分析句子结构可知，空后是省略to的不定式，与tocalmdowntotally并列。故填and。第四部分写作第一节参考范文：Asahighschoolstudent,Ithinkthissummervacationwillbespecial.Iplantofocusonpersonalgrowthandexploration.Ihavedecidedtoworkpart-timeatabookstore.Thisexperiencewillnotonlyhelpmedevelopasenseofresponsibilitybutallowmetosaveupforalanguagecourse.BeingsurroundedbybookswillbeanaddedbonusbecauseI’mabooklover.Additionally,I’mdeterminedtolearnArabic.Understandinganotherlanguageopensdoorstodifferentculturesandperspectives,whichIfindincrediblyvaluable.I’msurethiscombinationofworkandlearningwillmakeforabothproductiveandmeaningfulsummer.第二节读后续写Paragraph1：Shortlyafterwards,Alicedashedintoherroomandpulledoutthetestpaper.Recallingthejoyfulmoment,amixtureofguiltandunwillingnessoverwhelmedher,Aliceslowlypickedupherpen,hesitant.“IfIputthemissingtbackin,noonewouldeverknow.”shethought.Themomentthenibtouchedthepaper,herheartbegantobeatfast,herhandtrembling.Straighteningherback,Alicetookafewdeepbreaths,tossedthepenonthetableandstormedoutoft