高考英语总复习优化设计UNIT 3 FOOD AND CULTURE

选择性必修第二册UNIT3FOODANDCULTURE英语2023高考总复习优化设计GAOKAOZONGFUXIYOUHUASHEJI内容索引背主题词汇积写作素材通词句基础自测提能力增分课堂研真题链接高考微专题精准突破测效果课堂评价背主题词汇积写作素材主题:饮食与文化

单词

1.culture

n.文化

2.taste

n.口味

3.recommend

v.推荐

4.order

v.点菜

5.dessert

n.甜点

6.fresh

adj.新鲜的

7.delicious

adj.可口的

8.treat

v.款待9.nutrition

n.营养

10.raw

adj.生的

11.menu

n.菜单

12.serve

v.提供;供应

13.customer

n.顾客

14.discount

n.折扣

15.energetic

adj.精力充沛的

16.benefit

n.益处;好处

17.overeat

v.饮食过量

18.snack

n.零食;小吃词块

1.healthy

eating健康饮食

2.Chinese

cooking中餐烹饪

3.fried

chicken炸鸡

4.an

authentic

Chinese

recipe

正宗的中国食谱

5.processed

food加工过的食物

6.balanced

diet

均衡饮食

7.fast

food

快餐

8.lose

weight减肥9.slimming

food瘦身饮食

10.energy-giving

food提供能量的食物

11.go

on

a

diet

节食

12.frozen

food冷冻食物

13.spoil

one’s

appetite

倒胃口

14.traditional

Chinese

food

传统的中国食物

15.keep

fit

保持健康

16.fatty

food

油腻的食物通词句基础自测教材单词必背写作词汇1.

adj.先前的;优先的

2.

n.厨师;主厨

3.

vt.填满;把……塞进

n.东西;物品4.

n.(切下的食物)薄片

vt.把……切成薄片5.

n.最小值;最少量

adj.最低(限度)的;最小的prior

chef

stuff

slice

minimum

6.

n.脾气;火气

7.

n.品牌

8.

n.(饭后)甜点

9.

adj.稳定的;稳重的

10.

n.食堂;餐厅

11.

n.自助餐厅;自助食堂

12.

adv.有点;稍微

13.

n.夫人;女士

14.

adv.不顾;不加理会

15.

n.类别;种类

temperbrand

dessert

stable

canteen

cafeteriasomewhat

madam

regardless

category16.

n.数量;数额

17.

n.适度;合理

18.

adj.完美的;理想的;想象的

n.理想;完美的人(或事物)19.

adj.根本的;基础的;基本的

n.基本规律;根本法则20.

vi.&vt.咀嚼;嚼碎

n.咀嚼21.

n.诀窍;计谋;把戏

22.

adv.总体上;大致上

adj.全面的;综合的quantity

moderation

ideal

fundamental

chewtrick

overall识记阅读词汇1.cuisinen.

2.peppern.

3.recipen.

4.boldadj.

5.peppercornn.

6.vinegarn.

7.onionn.

8.lambn.

菜肴;风味;烹饪甜椒;灯笼椒;胡椒粉烹饪法;食谱大胆自信的;敢于冒险的胡椒粒醋洋葱;葱头羊羔肉;羔羊9.vegetariann.

10.junkn.

11.garlicn.

12.baconn.

13.hamn.

14.sausagen.

15.cabbagen.

16.ingredientn.

素食者无用的东西蒜熏猪肉;咸肉火腿香肠;腊肠甘蓝;卷心菜;洋白菜(尤指烹饪)材料;成分17.porkn.

18.calorien.

19.vitaminn.

20.fibren.

21.dairyadj.

n.

猪肉卡路里(热量单位)

维生素纤维;纤维制品奶制的;乳品(业)的乳制品;乳品店;牛奶厂构织连脉词汇1.

vi.由……组成(或构成);在于→

adj.一致的;连续的

2.

adj.精美的;讲究的;文雅的→

adv.优雅地

3.

adj.特别的;罕见的→

n.例外;破例→

prep.除……之外

4.

vt.吃;喝;饮;消耗→

n.消费者→

n.消费;消耗

5.

n.协会;关联→

vt.把……联系起来;交往

adj.副的

6.

adj.些许的;谦虚的;朴素的→

n.谦逊;谦虚

consistconsistent

elegantelegantly

exceptionalexceptionexcept

consumeconsumerconsumption

associationassociatemodestmodesty常用短语1.

在……之前的

2.

由……组成(或构成)

3.

切下

4.

不管;不顾

5.cutdownon

priorto

consistof

slice...off

regardlessof

削减;缩小重点句型1.Ontheotherhand,itdoes

tellusalotaboutAmericans.【考点凝练】强调谓语2.Tired,hungry,andnotknowingawordofChinese,wehadnoideahowtoorder,sothechefjustbeganfillingourtablewiththebestfoodwehadevereaten.【考点凝练】形容词(短语)作状语【尝试翻译】

【尝试翻译】

另一方面,它确实让我们对美国人有了很多的了解。

又累又饿,一个汉字也不认识,我们压根儿不知道如何点餐,于是厨师在我们桌上摆满了食物,那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。3.AndinAmerica,peoplewhoreceive25%oftheirdailycaloriesormorethroughsugarare

twice

as

likely

to

die

from

heart

disease

thanpeoplewhoreceivelessthan10%aday.【考点凝练】倍数表达法4.Putmoresimply,whilepeoplecontinuetoargueoverwhetherornotfattyfoodisdangerous,wealreadyknowthatsugarisakiller.【考点凝练】while引导时间状语从句【尝试翻译】

【尝试翻译】

而且在美国,每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍。

更简单地说,当人们继续争论脂肪类食物是否有危害时,我们已经知道糖是一个杀手。单元词句小测Ⅰ.单词小测1.Inwesterncountries,thenumber“thirteen”isusually

withbadluck,butactuallythereisn’tany

betweenthem.(associate)

2.Theairconditionersofthistype

toomuchelectricity.Many

complainaboutthis.(consume)

3.Success

intheabilitytomake

effortsthroughfailures.(consist)

4.

isregardedasavirtue.Weallrespectthosewhoare

.(modest)

5.Feespaidarenotrefundable,

under

ircumstances.(except)

associatedassociation

consumeconsumers

consistsconsistent

Modestymodest

exceptexceptionalⅡ.短语小测Themedicalteam1.

(由……组成)26members.Theymadefullpreparations2.

(在……之前的)theirdeparture.Theytriedtheirbesttosavethesick3.

(不顾)theirownsafety.

consistedof

priorto

regardlessofⅢ.句型小测——高考情景仿写1.我们确实希望今后有更多有意义的活动。

therewillbemoremeaningfulactivitiesinthecomingfuture.

2.他僵在那里,睁大眼睛看着这恐怖的场景。Hefrozeonthespot,

.

Wedohopethat

wide-eyedatthehorriblescene

3.我花在学习上的时间是你的三倍。Ispent

.

4.当我站在体育馆前的时候,我非常激动。

,Iamgreatlyexcited.

threetimesasmuchtimeonmystudyasyoudid

WhileIamstandinginfrontofthestadium提能力增分课堂核心词汇突破1.consist

vi.组成;在于;一致【练会】单句填空①TheInternationalOlympicCommitteeconsists

membersfrommanycountries.

②Atpresent,theresultsareconsistent

earlierresearch.

of

with

【写美】一句多译·背诵(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,满分作文)这个音乐节由两部分组成,将使我们更加了解中国民间音乐。③Themusicfestival,

,willenableustoknowmoreaboutChinesefolkmusic.(定语从句)

④Themusicfestival,

,willenableustoknowmoreaboutChinesefolkmusic.(分词作定语)

whichconsistsof/ismadeupof/iscomposedoftwoparts

consistingof/madeupof/composedoftwoparts【归纳】(1)consist

of...=be

made

up

of=be

composed

of由……组成(或构成)(2)consist

in=lie

in

在于;取决于(3)be

consistent

with...和……一致/与……相符

无被动语态,无进行时态【佳句】Successconsists

intheabilitytocontinueeffortsthroughfailures.

成功在于百折不挠。2.association

n.协会;关联【练会】单句填空①ThebookonChinesecuisinewaspublishedin

(associate)withalocalcompany.

②Ifyouassociate

positive-thinkingpeople,youaredefinitelygoingtoachievesuccess.

③Therearemanyserioushealthproblemswhichare

(associate)withsmoking.

④Healways

(associate)thesmellofthoseflowerswithhishappychildhood.

association

with

associated

associates

【写美】完成句子·背诵⑤我们学校的英语协会现在需要一些志愿者来接待前来我们学校参观的外国学生。

isnowinneedofsomevolunteerstoreceiveforeignstudentsvisitingourschool.

TheEnglishAssociationofourschool【归纳】(1)in

association

with...与……联合/有关联(2)associate

vt.联想;联系

n.同伴;伙伴associate...with...使……与……联系起来associate

with

sb与某人交往/联系(3)be

associated

with...与……有关联【佳句】Thisexhibitionwasorganizedbythelocalgovernmentin

association

withseveralpaper-cuttingartists.这次展览是由当地政府联合一些剪纸艺术家共同组织的。3.regardless

of

不管;不顾【练会】单句填空①Accordingtotheexperts,problemsfacedbypeopleregardless

thepastandpresentarethesame.

②

thebadstorm,Johndeliveredhispapersontime.

③

regardtoreading,thereisasayingthatthereareathousandHamletsinathousandpeople’seyes.

of

Despite

With

【写美】语段填空·背诵④

(不管有多大的挑战),Aliwasdeterminedtotakepartintherunningracetowinanewpairofshoesforhissister.

(尽管在比赛中意外摔倒),Alijumpedtohisfeetanddashedtowardsthefinishline.

(至于结果),Aliwonthethirdprize,gotthenewshoes,andflewtohishomelikeabird.

RegardlessofgreatchallengesInspiteof/DespiteanunexpectedfallduringtheraceWithregardtotheresult【归纳】(1)regardless

of强调“不认为……重要”,从而不加以重视或考虑,其后可接whether/what引导的宾语从句。(2)despite/in

spite

of意为“尽管……但是……”,其后一般不接从句。(3)with

regard

to关于;至于【佳句】Regardless

ofyourchoiceofcourse,you’lldevelopyourlanguageabilitybothquicklyandeffectively.不管你选择什么课程,你会又快又高效地培养你的语言能力。4.quantity

n.数量;数额【练会】单句填空①Wecanofferyouabetterpriceifyoucanbuyit

quantity.

②Largequantitiesofdesserts

(be)consumedbythemadam,whoreceivesmorecaloriesthannecessary.

③Alargequantityofmoney

(collect)tohelpthosesufferingfromthefloods.

in

arehasbeencollected

【写美】完成句子·背诵④我想推荐成都作为你的旅游目的地,因为成都有许多景点,例如都江堰。(应用文写作之推荐信)I’dliketorecommendChengduasyourtraveldestination,

,suchasDujiangyan.

becauseChengduhasalargequantityoftouristattractions【归纳】a

large/small

quantity

of大/少量的quantities

of大量的in

quantity=in

large

amounts

大量地【点津】aquantityof,largequantitiesof既可接不可数名词,也可接可数名词的复数形式;其作主语时,谓语动词一般根据quantity的单复数形式确定。5.trick

n.诀窍;计谋;把戏

vt.欺骗【练会】单句填空①Weareplayingatrick

amanwhokeepsbotheringme.

②I

bythe

man,andIfeltstupid.(trick)

③Anadvertisementmightbetryingtotrickcustomers

buyingaproductoraservice.

on

wastrickedtricky

into

【写美】完成句子·背诵④作为一名来自美国的交换生,我喜欢吃水饺。你可以告诉我包水饺的诀窍吗?(应用文写作之求助信)AsanexchangestudentfromAmerica,Ilikeeatingdumplings.

Wouldyoupleasetellmethetrickofmakingdumplings?【归纳】(1)play

a

trick

on

sb捉弄某人the/a

trick

of

doing

sth做某事的诀窍(2)trick

sb

into

doing

sth欺骗某人做某事trick

sb

out

of

sth骗取某人某物(3)tricky

adj.狡猾的;难对付的【佳句】Notonlydidyoucorrectmymistakes,butyoualsotaughtmetricksofstudyingEnglish.你不仅纠正了我的错误,而且还教了我学英语的诀窍。★补遗缺

微点练全Ⅰ.一词多义setoffA.出发,动身B.引起,激起C.使爆炸1.Newsthattheclaimsmightbetrueset

offwidespreadpanic.

2.Weatherpermitting,wewillset

offforBeijing.

3.Thechildrengatheredinthegardentoset

offfireworks.

BACⅡ.单句填空1.Prior

takingaworkingholidayabroadyouwillneedtodoanumberofthings.

2.It’sreportedthatan

(exceptional)bigfirebrokeoutatmidnightinthecentreofthecity.

3.The

(consume)oftheresourcesontheearthisincreasingatanalarmingrate.

to

exceptionally

consumption重点句型透视形容词(短语)作状语【教材原句】Tired,hungry,andnotknowingawordofChinese,wehadnoideahowtoorder,sothechefjustbeganfillingourtablewiththebestfoodwehadevereaten.(P26)又累又饿,一个汉字也不认识,我们压根儿不知道如何点餐,于是厨师在我们桌上摆满了食物,那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。【练会】单句填空①

(exhaust),Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.

②Theboylayonthesofa,

(relax).

③(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)

(lucky),Iwillgohomeintwoweeksforsummervacation.

Exhausted

relaxed

Luckily

【写美】句式升级·背诵④Iwastooworriedandhelpless,soIhavenoalternativebuttoturntoyouforhelp.→

,Ihavenoalternativebuttoturntoyouforhelp.(形容词短语作状语)

Tooworriedandhelpless【归纳】(1)形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等,可位于句首、句末或句中,常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开;(2)

形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态。如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子,则应用副词形式。研真题链接高考(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D)——健康的生活方式、积极的生活态度AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournal

of

Consumer

Research,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份),it’sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.Inthefirst,95undergraduatewomenwereindividuallyinvitedintoalabtoostensibly(表面上)participateinastudyaboutmovieviewership.Beforethefilmbegan,eachwomanwasaskedtohelpherselftoasnack.Anactorhiredbytheresearchersgrabbedherfoodfirst.Inhernaturalstate,theactorweighed105pounds.Butinhalfthecasessheworeaspeciallydesignedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180pounds.Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood.Theparticipantsfollowedsuit,takingmorefoodthantheynormallywouldhave.However,theytooksignificantlymorewhentheactorwasthin.Forthesecondtest,inonecasethethinactortooktwopiecesofcandyfromthesnackbowls.Intheothercase,shetook30pieces.Theresultsweresimilartothefirsttest:theparticipantsfollowedsuitbuttooksignificantlymorecandywhenthethinactortook30pieces.Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe’remakingdecisions.Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore,sowillI.Callitthe“I’llhavewhatshe’shaving”effect.However,we’lladjusttheinfluence.Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion,I’llholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.Butifathinpersoneatsalot,I’llfollowsuit.Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim,whycan’tI?理清脉络真题再做12.Whatistherecentstudymainlyabout?A.Foodsafety. B.Movieviewership.C.Consumerdemand. D.Eatingbehavior.答案

D

解析

细节理解题。由文章第一段第一句可知,这项研究是关于就餐同伴对人们的食物摄取量的影响的。故选D项。13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beanpoles”inParagraph1referto?A.Bigeaters. B.Overweightpersons.C.Pickyeaters. D.Tallthinpersons.答案

D

解析

词义猜测题。由第一段第二句可知,现行研究认为,你应该避免与点大份餐的胖人一同吃饭。但与此相反,这项研究结果显示,你真正应该回避的是大饭量的细高个儿。最后一段也有提示。故选D项。14.Whydidtheresearchershiretheactor?A.Toseehowshewouldaffecttheparticipants.B.Totestiftheparticipantscouldrecognizeher.C.Tofindoutwhatshewoulddointhetwotests.D.Tostudywhyshecouldkeepherweightdown.答案

A

解析

推理判断题。由第三段可推知,研究者们雇用一位演员,目的在于看她如何影响参与者的胃口。故选A项。15.Onwhatbasisdowe“adjusttheinfluence”accordingtothelastparagraph?A.Howhungryweare.B.Howslimwewanttobe.C.Howweperceiveothers.D.Howwefeelaboutthefood.答案

C

解析

推理判断题。由最后一段描述可知,如果一位超重的人吃得多,“我”会减量,因为“我”能看到他饮食习惯的结果;但瘦人吃得多,“我”则会跟着多吃。由此可推知,人们饭量的调整是基于对吃饭的人的看法。故选C项。语言能力1.掌握构词知识

词根派生词性及词义例句

overweight

Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion,I’llholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.weight

adj.超重的

2.猜测生僻词词义AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournal

of

Consumer

Research,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.

3.牢记熟词生义短语含义例句followsuit

________________Theresultsweresimilartothefirsttest:theparticipantsfollowed

suitbuttooksignificantlymorecandywhenthethinactortook30pieces.摄取量跟着做,模仿(……的)样子4.仿写经典句型Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore,so

will

I.仿写:新西兰人非常注意餐桌礼仪,中国人也是如此。TheNewZealanderscarealotabouttablemanners,and

.

sodotheChinese5.破解复杂句式Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions,it’sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.分析:这是一个复合句,在介词短语contrary

to后有that引导的

从句修饰

;you

really

need

to

avoid又是一个

从句修饰先行词

,with

big

appetites是介词短语作

语用来修饰

。

定语research

定语thebeanpoles定thebeanpoles译文:

和现存研究的结论“你应该避免和肥胖且吃得多的人在一起吃饭”相反,你真正需要避免(一同吃饭)的应该是身材苗条但是吃得多的人。技法点拨通过上下文推测短语或单词意义13题通过画线词上一句的“Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeople...”可知,“beanpoles”所在句与其前一句中的研究结论是相反的,由此可推知“beanpoles”的含义。微专题精准突破Ⅰ.熟词生义练1.explore(P25)项目意义例句熟义vt.

_______________Thebestwaytoexplorethecountrysideisonfoot.生义vt.

_____________Let’sexplorethisissuemorefully.探测;勘查;探索;研究仔细研究;探究,探讨2.number(P28)项目意义例句熟义n.

She’sverygoodwithnumbers.生义vt.

___________________Allthefoldershavebeencarefullynumberedandfiledaway.vt.

Afterthehurricanethehomelessnumberedover200,000.数字;号码,号给……编号;给……标号码(数量)多达,共计有3.cake(P28)项目意义例句熟义n.

Hecutthecakeintosixpiecesandgaveeachchildaslice.生义vt.

__________________________________Inthecornerlieapairofbootscakedwithmud.蛋糕(用厚厚一层干后即变硬的软东西)覆盖;(使)结块;凝结4.join(P29)项目意义例句熟义vi.&vt.

Ifyoujoin(up)thedotsonthepaper,you’llgetapicture.vi.&vt.

Ifyou’rebuyingtickets,pleasejointhequeue(=standattheendofit).生义vt.

TheA11joinstheM11southofCambridge.连接;接合加入;参加(使)交会;(使)汇合Ⅱ.读后续写

微技能(二十四):动作描写之动“心”词汇积累

形容词/副词heavy,sinking,broken,wildly,fast动词leap,melt,beat,pound,thump,touch,pierce词块必记1.beatfast心跳加快2.thumpwildly怦怦狂跳3.sb’sheartmissesabeat(因激动、惊讶或害怕)某人的心脏停了一拍4.poundwithexcitement因兴奋心脏剧烈跳动佳句背诵1.Hesetoffwithalightheart.他心情愉快地出发了。2.Hissadstorytouchedherheart.他悲惨的故事触动了她的心。3.Herwordspiercedmyheart.她的话刺痛了我的心。4.Herheartleaped/thumpedwithjoy.她高兴得心怦怦直跳。完成句子1.她怀着沉重的心情看着他走了。

,shewatchedhimgo.(with)

2.跟着自己的心走,你就会快乐。Just

andyou’llbehappy.(祈使句)

3.最后,他哭了起来,向她吐露了心声。Finally,hebrokedownintearsand

her.

Withaheavyheart

followyourheart

pouredouthisheartto

4.想到他们的悲伤,我的心就疼。

whenIthinkoftheirsorrow.

5.这些话会让你心跳加速,热泪盈眶。Thesewordscan

andbringtearstoyoureyes.(make作使役动词)

Myheartaches

makeyourheartbeatfast测效果课堂评价Ⅰ.单句填空A组

基础必练1.Thereisnodenyingthatfreshairisfundamental

goodhealth,sowemustregularlygooutdoors.

2.Insummary,whatyousayshouldbeconsistent

whatyoudo,otherwiseotherswillnotbelieveinyou.

3.Hetrickedme

buyingthisseeminglyexcellentcellphone,whichcostmeanarmandaleg.

to

with

into

4.Generallyspeaking,wewillassociateaperson’scharacter

hisgrowingsurroundings.

5.It’suptoyou

(settle)thepriormisunderstandingbetweenus.

6.Alargequantityofambitiousstudents

(have)participatedinextracurricularactivitiessincelastsemester.

with

tosettle

haveB组

高考链接7.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)Wewillwanderintraditionalsmalltownsandendourtourwithan

(exception)museuminShanghai.

8.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricity

(consume)intheUS.

9.(2019·天津卷)

(ideal),thesystemwouldtelluswhentoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepushinganecosystemtowardabreakdownorwouldevenallowustopullanecosystembackfromtheborderline.

exceptional

consumed

Ideally10.(2019·浙江卷)Theybeganasa

(modest)successfulmusiciangroupandendedtheyearasshowbusinesslegends(传说).

modestlyⅡ.短语填空

consistof,reg