选择性必修 第四册 Unit 6　Space and beyond学案 2025年高考英语外研版（2019）一轮复习教材梳理

Unit6Spaceandbeyond【Step1题源研读·探寻主题提升思维】China’sspacestationlookingforwardtoparticipationofforeignastronauts中国的空间站期待着外国宇航员的参与Chinaislookingforwardtoandwelcomestheparticipationofforeignastronautsinthecountry’sspacestationflightmissions,saidtheChinaMannedSpaceAgency(CMSA).MrLin,deputydirectoroftheCMSA,madetheremarksaheadofthelaunchoftheShenzhouⅩⅥcrewedspaceship,whichtookplaceattheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenterinNorthwestChina.DuringthedevelopmentandconstructionofChina’sspacestation,thecountryhascarriedoutvariousformsofexchangesandcooperationwithmanyforeignspaceagenciesandinternationalorganizations.“Ontheonehand,ChinaissteadilypushingforwardtheplannedcooperationprojectswiththeUnitedNationsOfficeforOuterSpaceAffairs,theEuropeanSpaceAgencyandotherorganizations.Ontheotherhand,Chinahasactivelyexpandedexchangeswithemergingspacenations,focusingonin-orbitscientificexperimentsandapplications,andjointflightsforastronautstothespacestation,”Linsaid.Inaddition,Chinahasbeenactivelyengagedindiscussionsandthemakingofregulationspertainingtoissueslikespaceenvironmentgovernance,spacetrafficmanagement,andthedevelopmentandutilizationofspaceresources.Theseeffortshavecontributedtoaddressingcommonchallengesofhumankindinouterspace,theCMSAspokespersonsaid.Withacompletenear-Earthmannedspacestation,amannedshuttletransportationsystem,andacomprehensiveframeworkforselecting,trainingandsupportingtaikonauts,Chinaisnowabletocarryoutcrewedmissionsonaregularbasiswithafrequencyoftwiceayear.—/(同源高考:2023年全国乙卷语法填空选自本网站)金榜原创1.WhatisLin’sattitudetowardsforeignastronautsparticipatingintheChinesespacestation? (B)A.Quitecautious.B.Warmlywelcomed.C.Stronglyopposed. D.Abitnumb.2.Whichsectionofthewebsitemaythisarticleappearin? (D)A.Technologicalinnovation.B.Sciencefiction.C.Scientificinventions.D.Spaceexploration.长难句分析Ontheotherhand,Chinahasactivelyexpandedexchangeswithemergingspacenations,focusingonin-orbitscientificexperimentsandapplications,andjointflightsforastronautstothespacestation.分析:本句的主干是Chinahasactivelyexpandedexchangeswithemergingspacenations。focusingon...是动词-ing形式作状语,in-orbit是形容词(词性),修饰scientificexperimentsandapplications。翻译:另一方面,中国积极扩大与新兴航天国家的交流,重点是在轨科学实验和应用,以及宇航员到空间站的联合飞行。【Step2考点突破·感悟经典运用提升】提示:题干中本单元词汇加波浪线显示【重点单词——巧积词汇】1.shadown.坏影响,阴影v.(在……上)投下阴影【步入经典】单句语法填空/完成句子①Itwasthemostdisastrousspaceaccidentever,anditcastashadowon/overpeople’shearts.②Jackhasalwayslivedundertheshadowofhisbrother,whichputshimundergreatpressure.

③Thewoman’sfacewasshadowedbyahat.④Thisunexpectedtragedycastashadowon/overtheirhappylife,causingthemextremelygloomyanddepressed.这一意想不到的悲剧给他们的幸福生活蒙上了一层阴影,使他们极度愁闷、沮丧。 <写作运用:读后续写之心理描写>

undertheshadowofsb./sth. 在某人/某物的影响下castashadowon/over 给……蒙上阴影inshadow 在阴暗处,在阴影中beshadowedby 被……罩在阴影里2.screamv.(因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等)尖声大叫n.尖叫声【步入经典】单句语法填空/完成句子①(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Hehungonforafewminutesandscreamedforhisfather,buthisfatherdidn’thearhim.②(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Henrywasfixinghiscarwhenheheardthescreams(scream).③(剑桥高阶词典)Hetriedtocalm(使平静)thescreaming(scream)babybyrockingitbackandforth.④Atthesightofthebear,hesteppedbackwardwithlegstrembling,screamingwithterror.

看到熊,他双腿颤抖着往后退,害怕地尖叫着。 <写作运用:读后续写之动作描写>3.submitvt.提交;呈递(文件等)vi.&vt.顺从;屈服;投降【步入经典】单句语法填空/完成句子①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Anessaynotsubmitted(submit)inclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.②Heisnotthekindofchildwhoislikelytobecowedintosubmission(submit).③(剑桥高阶词典)Shedecidedtoresignfromthepartyratherthansubmitherselftothenewrules.④ThosewhoareinterestedinthesummercampshouldsubmityourapplicationandrelevantmaterialstotheStudents’Unionbefore28th,June.

对这次夏令营感兴趣的人必须在6月28日之前向学生会提交申请书和个人材料。 <写作运用:应用文写作之通知>submitsth.tosb. 将某物提交给某人submit(oneself)to 屈从于……submission n.提交(物),呈递(书);屈服submissive adj.服从的;顺从的;恭顺的4.suspendv.暂停,中止【步入经典】单句语法填空/完成句子①Ithinkhissuspension(suspend)fromtheteamisaveryharshpunishment.②Shortlyaftertheincident,hewassuspendedfromhisjobbecauseofhisirresponsibility.

事故发生后不久,他就因为不负责任被停职了。suspendsb.fromsth. 使某人暂停做某事besuspendedby 被悬挂suspension n.暂停,中止;暂令停职(或停学、停赛等)【核心短语——妙积词块】5.get/becomeaccustomedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事【步入经典】单句语法填空/完成句子/同义句转换①Forthoseaccustomed(accustom)toacomfortablelife,itishardforthemtogetoutoftheircomfortzonetostruggleforabetterone.②Youshouldtakesomemeasurestoaccustomyourselftothenewenvironment.

你要采取措施,使自己适应新环境。 <写作运用:应用文写作之建议信>③Theoldmanisaccustomedtoliving(习惯于生活在)inthecountryside,soheisreluctanttolivewiththeirchildrenworkinginthebigcity.

→Accustomedtolivinginthecountryside,theoldmanisreluctanttolivewiththeirchildrenworkinginthebigcity.

→Accustominghimselftolivinginthecountryside,theoldmanisreluctanttolivewiththeirchildrenworkinginthebigcity.

beaccustomedto(doing)sth. 习惯于(做)某事(表状态)get/becomeaccustomedto(doing)sth. 习惯于(做)某事(表动作)accustomsb./oneselfto(doing)sth. 使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事6.becomposedof由……组成【步入经典】单句语法填空/完成句子①Infact,happinessmaybecomposed(compose)ofanythingyoucouldeverthinkof.

②Hewasnamedcomposer(compose)oftheyear.③Althoughshewasextremelyangry,Lynntookseveraldeepbreathstocomposeherself(her).

④Exceptforafewgrammaticalmistakes,yourcompositionabout“Mycareer,mydream”isexceptionallywritten.除了一些语法错误外,你关于“我的事业,我的梦想”的作文写得非常好。 <写作运用:应用文写作之建议信>

(1)compose vt.组成,构成;创作(音乐)(2)composeoneself (生气、烦躁或激动后)极力使自己平静下来composeone’sthoughts 使某人自己镇定下来(3)compositionn.成分,构成;(音乐、艺术、诗歌的)作品;创作;作曲艺术;构图;作文【经典句型——速积表达】7.Soon,itwasunderstoodthattheSunwasjustonestaramongbillionsinthegalaxywecalltheMilkyWay.很快,人们认识到,太阳只是我们称之为“银河系”的星系中数十亿颗恒星中的一颗。

【步入经典】单句语法填空/完成句子/同义句转换①(牛津高阶词典)Itiswhispered(whisper)thatheisheavilyindebt.②ItisbelievedthatwhenFuisputupsidedown,happinessarrives.

人们相信,当福被倒置时,幸福就会到来。③(牛津高阶词典)Peoplesaythatshelivedtobeover100.→Itissaidthatshelivedtobeover100.

→Shewassaidtoliveover100.

【误区释疑】上述句式除“Itishopedthat...”和“Itissuggestedthat...”外,可以转化为“peoplebelieve/say...that...”或者“sb./sth.+be+过去分词+(todo/tohavedone)...”句型。8.Millionswatchedthatfirstlunarlandingonblackandwhitetelevisionsets,theirheartsintheirmouths,awareofhowarduousandhazardousanundertakingitwas,andofthemanythingsthatcouldgowrong.

数以百万计的人在黑白电视机上观看了第一次登月,他们的心提到了嗓子眼儿,意识到这是一项多么艰巨和危险的任务,也意识到许多可能会出错的事情。【步入经典】完成句子①BernardwasgreatlyencouragedbyJohnandotherboys,fullofconfidenceinhisplan.

伯纳德深受约翰和其他男孩的鼓舞,对自己的计划充满信心。②Depressedandhelpless,Ericcouldn’tcontrolhisemotionanylongerandburstintotears.

沮丧又无助,埃里克再也控制不住自己的情绪,哭了起来。③Tohismother’srelief,thelittleboylostintheforestcameback,safeandsound.

让他母亲松了一口气的是,在森林里迷路的小男孩平安地回来了。④Overjoyed/Extremelydelighted,Janerushedtoherfather,readytogivehimahugehug.

简喜出望外地跑向她父亲,准备给他一个大大的拥抱。 <写作运用:读后续写之动作描写>(1)形容词(短语)作状语时,说明句子主语的特点或处于某种状态。形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等。(2)形容词(短语)作状语时,常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。作原因状语时,在前面。作结果状语时,在后面。(3)如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子,应用副词作状语。【Step3进阶演练·强化基础素养落实】【基础全面练——练透单元要点】Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇1.Tragically(tragic),hiswifewaskilledinacaraccident.2.Mostofthetimethepeaksarevisible,butnowthepeakswhicharecoveredwithwhitefloatingcloudsbecomeinvisiblenowandthenlikeafantasticChinesepainting.(visible)3.Unfortunately,theaccidentcastashadowon/overthepeopleonthebus.

4.Davewassuspendedfromschoolandwasunderinvestigationbecausehebroketheschoolrules.5.Hecoveredhermouthtostopherfromscreams/screaming(scream).6.Don’tbothertofetch(fetch)thebookfromthelibrary.

7.Shehadsufferedherownshareofslingsandarrowsinquestforsuccess.

8.TheSkywayisa22-meter-highsuspension(suspend)bridgefromwhichyoucanenjoyabird’seyeview.9.ThesubmissionofyourpaperisnextFridayandifyousubmititlate,youwilllosetheopportunity.(submit)10.Asacomposer,hehascomposedagreatdealofmusicandmanyofhiscompositionsarewell-knownallaroundtheworld.(compose)

Ⅱ.完成句子/一句多译——活用短语句式1.孩子们兴奋又高兴,聚精会神地听着士兵讲述他的童年经历,不愿离开。Excitedanddelighted,thechildrenwereattentivelylisteningtothesoldiersharinghischildhoodexperiences,unwilling/reluctanttoleave.

2.现在许多年轻人习惯在网上订购食物。(accustom)→Nowadays,agreatnumberofyoungpeopleareaccustomedtoorderingfoodonline.

→Nowadays,agreatnumberofyoungpeopleaccustomthemselvestoorderingfoodonline.

3.我是如此兴奋和高兴,所以迫不及待地告诉我的父母这个好消息。SoexcitedanddelightedwasIthatIcouldn’twaittotellmyparentsthegoodnews.

4.他一看见狗扑向他,就吓得尖叫起来。Themomenthesawthedogjumpathim,hescreamedloudwithterror.

Ⅲ.教材语篇——课文缩写填空(黑体词是本单元核心词汇)AfterApollo11successfully1.landed(land)onthemoon,peopleseemedtohavebecome2.accustomed(accustom)tothenotionofspacetravel.Spacetravelrapidlybecameunexceptionaltothepublic.WhentheChallengerspaceshuttlewassentupon28thJanuary,1986,millionsofpeopletuned3.intowitnessitstake-offonTV.Itwasspecialbecauseanordinaryteacherplannedtogivetwo15-minutelessonsfromorbit4.torekindle(rekindle)youngpupils’interestinthespaceprogramme.5.Tragically(tragic),theshuttleexplodedjustoveraminuteafter6.its(it)takingoff,andallsevenastronautsonboard7.werekilled(kill).Instantaneously,excitementandoptimismturnedintoterrorandfailure.Anditcastashadowonpeople’shearts.As8.aresult,spaceshuttleflightsweresuspendedfornearlythreeyears,9.buttherewasneveranydoubtthatmannedflightswouldcontinue.On29thSeptember1988,theDiscoverywassuccessfullylaunchedintospace.Inreality,humanshavealwaysbeentryingtoreachforthestars,10.howeverdistanttheymightseem.

【写作提能练——升华主题写作】单元话题微写作——四种模式之读后续写Everynightasthewholefamilyfellasleep,CatalinawouldslidefromhometotheCerroTololoobservatory(天文台).Papawasthemechanic(修理工)oftheobservatory,butduringthedayPapawouldnotallowhertogetclosertothetelescopesthere.Onlyatnight,Catalinawasallowedinwiththepermissionofthenightstaff.Catalinalovedhelpingtoservicethegrandtelescopes,theeyesthatlookedoutintotheuniverse.Shewantedbadlytobeanastronomersomeday.Adultsnevertookherdreamseriously.Evenherfatherlaughed,“Maybeyou’llbehiredtocleantheoffices.”Onedayinlibrary,Catalinawasreadingaplantjournalwhenshestoppedatthepictureofanunusualwhiteflower.“It’scalledwildcarrot.”ASpanishastronomer,whoshesawseveraltimesintheobservatory,stoodbehindher.“Pretty,isn’tit?I’vealwayslikedthatflower,becauseitlookslikeagalaxy.”“Aspiralgalaxy(旋涡星系),”shewhispered.Blondeyebrowsclimbedthescientist’sforehead.“Indeed.Andwhatisyourname,younglady?”heasked.“I’mCatalinaSolis.”“EduardoSolis’sdaughter?Themechanic?”“Yes.”Shegavealookathim.“IwanttobeanastronomerwhenIgrowup.”Helaughedkindly,nolongermeetinghereyes,andpattedherontheshoulder.“Yes,ofcourse,mydear.Workhardinschool,anditcouldhappen.”Oneevening,Catalinascannedthetopoftheobservatoryasusual.Suddenlyshenoticedtheangleoftheone-metertelescopewasunusual.Thetelescopewaspointeddown,lowerthanshehadeverseenit.CatalinalearnedfromPapahowdangerousitwouldbe.Ifleftlikeitwas,thetelescopewouldmovepastitslimitandbedamaged.Sowithouthesitationshegotinsidetheobservatory.注意:续写词数应为150个左右。ShesawtheSpanishscientistburiedinworkthere._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Thescientist’swordsmeantalottoher._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Step1细读首句合理推测(321原则——3衔接、2过渡、1主题)Paragraph1:衔接1——根据续写第一段段首句提问:WhatwouldCatalinado/say?

过渡:Whatwouldthescientistdo?

Paragraph2:衔接2——根据续写第二段段首句提问:Whatdidthescientistsay?

衔接3——根据续写第二段段首句提问:Whatwouldshethink/feelafterlisteningtothescientist’swords?过渡:Whatwouldshedointhefuture?主题:Whatwastheresult?Step2恰当用词打造靓句①卡塔琳娜不想打扰他,但一想到低低的望远镜,以及它可能造成的损失,她鼓起勇气低声说了情况。Catalinahatedtodisturbhimbutatthethoughtoftheloweredtelescopeandthepossibleloss,shesummonedupallhercourageandwhisperedthefact.

②被卡塔琳娜的突然出现和她的话吓了一跳,这位西班牙科学家停止了他的工作,把这个危险的情况通知了他所有的同事。很快,降低的望远镜被修好了。StartledbyCatalina’ssuddenappearanceandherwords,theSpanishscientiststopped