2018届高考英语第二轮知识点随堂巩固训练9

阅读理解板块练(一)A(2017·成都市高中毕业班第二次诊断性检测)WelcometoWhitneySpringKidsDanceClinicTheWHSDanceTeamishostingtheannualSpringDanceClinicforchildrenaged5－13.Ifyoursonordaughterisinterestedinattendingthiscamp,youmaydownloadtheformandreturnittotheWHSofficeorregisteronline!QUESTIONS?CONTACT:HalleyCrandellathcrandell@.WHERE:WhitneyWHEN:April22nd,9am－12：30pmCOST:$25onlineregistrationand$30walk­upregistrationKaplanSAT/ACTComboPracticeTestOfferedintheWHSLibrarySaturday,April29th,9am－1pmRegistrationis$20.PleasesignupintheCollegeandCareerPleaseseeMrs.RandazzointheCollegeandCareerLionsClubStudentSpeechContestEntertobeoneoftwoWhitneyHighSchoolstudentstoqualifyfortheRocklinLionsClubSpeechContest,whichistobeheldthissummer.AwrittencopyofyourspeechisdueattheCollegeandCareerOpentogrades9－12.Nolessthan5minutesandnomorethan10minutes.CanYouCatchtheWildcatatthe5KRaceOnApril28that8：30am,theWhitneyWildcatwillleavehisstadiumandattempttooutrunhundredsofrunnerstryingtocatchhim!Thiswillbeafunexcitingwaytochallengeyourselfandprovideneededfundsfortwogreatcauses！TheWHStrackandfieldteamisraisingmoneyforequipment.Secondly,weareraisingmoneyfortheHeidiGreenwoodScholarship.AllprofitsonT­shirtsaleswillgodirectlytothescholarship!Entrytotheraceis$15andT­shirtsaleswillbeonsite.Gotohttps：//goo.gl/QANQg8toregister!Questions?EmailMarkSnowatmsnow@.eq\x(语篇解读：本文主要介绍了Whitney高中所开展的活动。)1．Howmuchshouldonepayforregisteringthedancecampinperson?A．$15. B．$20.C．$25. D．$30.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一部分中的“$30walk­upregistration”可知，亲自去报名参加舞蹈营的人每人报名费为30美元，题干中的inperson与文中的walk­up呼应，故选D。2．Whoshouldstudentsturntoiftheyhavequestionsaboutpracticetests?A．MarkSnow. B．Mrs.Randazzo.C．HalleyCrandell. D．HeidiGreenwood.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二部分中的“PleaseseeMrs.RandazzointheCollegeandCareerCentertosignuporforquestions.”可知，对于模拟考试有疑问的学生可以向Mrs.Randazzo咨询。3．WhatdoweknowaboutCanYouCatchtheWildcatatthe5KRace?A．It’sanindooractivitytobeheldonApril28th.B．Allthemoneycollectedwillgotothescholarship.C．Thereisnospecificinformationforregistration.D．PeoplecansupportitbybuyingT­shirtsonthespot.解析：选D细节理解题。根据最后一部分中的“AllprofitsonT­shirtsaleswillgodirectlytothescholarship!Entrytotherace...”可知，人们可以通过在活动现场购买T恤衫来支持这项活动。4．What’sthepurposeofthetext?A．Toshowhowwonderfultheschoolis.B．Topersuadestudentstojoinintheevents.C．Topublicizethescheduleofsomeevents.D．Todrawparents’attentiontotheschool.解析：选C写作意图题。根据全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要对Whitney高中所要举行的活动做了详细介绍，故选C。B(2017·昆明第一次高中毕业生复习统一检测)Mydoorbellringsat11a．m.Onthestep,IfindanelderlyChineselady.Sheissmallandslight.Sheholdsapapercarrierbaginherhands.Iknowthislady.Itisbynomeansherfirstvisit.Herdaughter,Nicole,boughtthehousenextdoorlastOctober.Nicole,whoiscurrentlyinShanghai,hasapparentlytoldhermotherthatIamhavingheartsurgeryshortly,andtheresultisthathermotherhasdecidedIneedtobesuppliedwithmeals.Iknowwhatisinsidethepapercarrierbag—astainlesssteelcontainerwithamealofrice,vegetablesandeitherchicken,meatorshrimp.Thishasbecomeanalmost­dailyoccurrence.Communicationbetweenmybenefactor(恩人)andmeissomewhathandicappedbythefactthatshedoesn’tspeakEnglishandallIcansayinMandarinis“hello”．Once,shebroughtaniPadandpointedtothescreen,whichdisplayedamessagefromNicoletellingmethathermotherwantedtoknowifthefoodwasallright.“Yourmotherjustcan’tbebringingmemealslikethisallthetime，”Iprotested.“Icanhardlyreciprocatebycookingsomethingfrommynativeland,likeroastbeeforYorkshirepuddingforher，”Isaid.“Oh,no，”Nicolesaid.“Don’tworryaboutthat.Shehastocookforthefamilyanyway,andshewantstodoitforyou.YoucancallherWing,whichishersurname.”Thetenant(房客)inmybasementsuiteisauniversitystudentwhospeaksMandarinquitewell,sowithherhelp,IhavefoundoutthatWingis68—13yearsyoungerthanIam.Formypart,IwasraisedinwartimeBritain.Sohereweare,twograndmothersaworldawayfromwherewewereraised,neitherofusabletospeaktheother’slanguage.Butthedoorbellkeepsringingandthereisthefamiliarpapercarrierbag,handedsmilinglytomebyWing.RightnowIamworkingonsomemoreMandarinwords—it’stheleastIcandoaftersuchadisplayofkindness.“Thankyou”is,ofcourse,thefirstone,whichsomehowseemsinadequate.语篇解读：本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者与邻居之间的故事，邻居是一位来自中国的老太太，对作者非常关照。5．TheauthorandWinggottoknoweachother________.A．asnextdoorneighborsB．whenexchangingmealsC．bysharingsimilarexperiencesD．afterusinganiPadtocommunicate解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段的前三句“Iknowthislady...Herdaughter,Nicole,boughtthehousenextdoorlastOctober.”可知，作者与这位老太太是邻居。所以A项正确。6．Theunderlinedword“reciprocate”inParagraph5probablymeans“________”．A．doaswell B．offergenerouslyC．giveinreturn D．acceptwithpleasure解析：选C词义猜测题。根据第五段第一句中的“Yourmotherjustcan’tbebringingmemealslikethisallthetime”可知，作者认为老太太一直对自己那么好，而自己只是做一些本国的食物，是几乎不能回报她的。C项意为“回报”，故选C。7．Theauthor’sefforttolearnMandarinshowsher______.A．greatsatisfaction B．realkindnessC．heartfeltthanks D．sincerefriendship解析：选C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“it’stheleastIcandoaftersuchadisplayofkindness”可知，作者认为学习中文是为了感谢老太太对自己的好心。A项意为“极大的满意”；B项意为“真正的友善”；C项意为“衷心的感谢”；D项意为“真诚的友谊”。C(2017·广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试一)Persuasionistheartofconvincingsomeonetoagreewithyou.AccordingtotheancientGreeks,therearethreebasictoolsofpersuasion:ethos,pathos,andlogos.Ethosisaspeaker’swayofconvincingtheaudiencethatsheistrustworthy,honestandreliable.Onecommonwayaspeakercandevelopethosisbyexplaininghowmuchexperienceoreducationshehasinthefield.Afterall,you’remorelikelytolistentoadviceabouthowtotakecareofyourteethfromadentistthanafireman.Aspeakercanalsocreateethosbyconvincingtheaudiencethatsheisagoodperson.Ifanaudiencecannottrustyou,youwillnotbeabletopersuadethem.Pathosisaspeaker’swayofconnectinghimselfwithanaudience’semotions.Forexample,apoliticianwhoistryingtoconvinceanaudiencetovoteforhimmightsaythathealonecansavethecountryfromaterriblewar.Thesewordsareintendedtofilltheaudiencewithfear,thusmakingthemsupporthim.Similarly,ananimalcharitymightshowanaudiencepicturesofinjureddogsandcats,tomaketheviewersfeelpity.Iftheaudiencefeelsbadabouttheanimals,theywillbemorelikelytodonatemoney.Logosistheuseoffacts,statistics,orotherevidencetosupportyourargument.Anaudiencewillbemorelikelytobelieveyouifyouhaveconvincingdatatobackupyourclaims.Presentingthisevidenceismuchmorepersuasivethansimplysaying“believeme”．Althoughethos,pathos,andlogosallhavetheirstrengths,theyareoftenmosteffectivewhenusedtogether.Indeed,mostspeakersuseacombinationofethos,pathos,andlogostopersuadetheiraudiences.So,nexttimeyoulistentoaspeech,watchacommercial,orlistentoafriendtryingtoconvinceyoutolendhimsomemoney,beonthelookoutfortheseancientGreektoolsofpersuasion.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文，论述了古希腊人提出的说服别人的三个基本工具：个人气质、感染力和理性。在演讲或试图说服别人时，综合使用这三个工具，你将快速提高说服别人的能力。8．Whydoestheauthorsaypersuasionisanart?A．Itentertainstheaudience.B．Itrequiresgreatskilltoachieve.C．Itdemandsfullattentionfromtheaudience.D．ItisallcommontopicsofancientGreekwriters.解析：选B细节理解题。根据文章第一段的内容及最后一段第二句“Indeed,mostspeakersuseacombinationofethos,pathos,andlogostopersuadetheiraudiences.”可知，说服别人一般要使用个人气质、感染力和理性三个工具。三者结合起来使用可以产生更好的效果。据此可知，说服别人需要很高的技巧，因此是一种艺术。9．Howisaspeakerabletoshowherethostotheaudience?A．Byexpressinghersympathywiththeaudience.B．Bytellingtheaudienceaboutherpersonalpreference.C．Byusingbeautifullanguagetomakeherstatementsattractive.D．Byshowingherknowledgeandexperiencerelatingtothetopic.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Onecommonwayaspeakercandevelopethosisbyexplaininghowmuchexperienceoreducationshehasinthefield.”可知，讲话人向听众展现个人气质的常见方法是展示自己在这一话题上的知识和经验，故D项正确。10．Whatcanwelearnaboutthethreemethodsofpersuasion?A．Ethosisthemostimportantmethodofpersuasion.B．Eachmethodhasadifferenteffectontheaudience.C．Honestyisthekeytomakingyourargumentsbelievable.D．Politicalleadersmostlyusepathostopersuadetheiraudiences.解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Althoughethos,pathos,andlogosallhavetheirstrengths...topersuadetheiraudiences.”可知，尽管个人气质、感染力和理性各有优势，但是只有综合使用时才能发挥最大的作用，故B项正确。11．Anadvertisementforwashingpowderwhichclaimsthat“scientifictestsshowthatourpowderkills95%ofallbacteria”ismainlyusing________.A．ethos B．pathosC．logos D．acombinationofallthree解析：选C推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Logosistheuseoffacts,statistics,orotherevidencetosupportyourargument.”可知，理性说明是使用事实、数据或其他证据来支持你的观点；题干中的广告声称科学实验表明该洗衣粉可以杀死95%的细菌；据此可知，该广告使用了理性的论证方法，故C项正确。D(2017·兰州市高考诊断考试)Mostepisodesofabsent­mindedness—forgettingwhereyouleftsomethingorwonderingwhyyoujustenteredaroom—arecausedbyasimplelackofattention,saysSchacter.“You’resupposedtoremembersomething,butyouhaven’tencodeditdeeply.”Encoding,Schacterexplains,isaspecialwayofpayingattentiontoaneventthathasamajorimpactonrecallingitlater.Failuretoencodeproperlycancreateanannoyingsituation.Ifyouputyourmobilephoneinapocket,forexample,anddon’tpayattentiontowhatyoudidbecauseyou’reinvolvedinaconversation,you’llprobablyforgetthatthephoneisinthejacketnowhanginginyourwardrobe(衣柜)．“Yourmemoryitselfisn’tfailingyou，”saysSchacter.“Rather,youdidn’tgiveyourmemorysystemtheinformationitneeded.”Lackofinterestcanalsoleadtoabsent­mindedness.“Amanwhorecitessportsstatisticsfrom30yearsago，”saysZelinski,“maynotremembertodropaletterinthemailbox.”Womenhaveslightlybettermemorythanmen,possiblybecausetheyaremoreinterestedinwhat’shappeningaroundthem,andmemoryreliesonjustthat.Visualcues(提示)canhelppreventabsent­mindedness,saysSchacter.“Butbesurethecueisclearandavailable，”hecautions.Ifyouwanttoremembertotakeamedicationwithlunch,putthepillbottleonthekitchentable—don’tleaveitinthemedicinechestandwriteyourselfanotethatyoukeepinapocket.Anothercommonepisodeofabsent­mindedness:walkingintoaroomandwonderingwhyyou’rethere.Mostlikely,youwerethinkingaboutsomethingelse.“Everyonedoesthisfromtimetotime，”saysZelinski.Thebestthingtodoistoreturntowhereyouwerebeforeenteringtheroom,andyou’lllikelyremember.eq\x(语篇解读：本文主要介绍了心不在焉的原因以及相应的应对策略。)12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“episodes”inParagraph1probablymean?A．Experiences. B．Experiments.C．Expressions. D．Feelings.解析：选A词义猜测题。根据文章第一段的“absent­mindedness—forgetting...a