2025年高考英语二轮复习语法：倒装句句型知识讲解素材

2025年高中英语语法倒装句句型知识讲解英语句子通常有两种语序:主语在前,谓语在后,称为自然语序,谓语在前,主语在后,称为倒装语序。倒装语序分为：a完全倒装b部分倒装一、完全倒装谓语动词置主语前，且主语必须是名词，若为代词则不倒装。谓语部分无助动词（do,have）和情态动词，但可以用连系动词be.完全倒装有以下情况：1.当句首为副词in,out,up,down,here,there,off,away,over,等，且主语为名词时，这类倒装句只用一般现在时和一般过去时。Ourteachercamein.－＞Incameourteacher.Outrushedtheboys.Herecomesthebus.Theregoesthebell.铃响了。注意：主语是人称代词时，主语和谓语语序不变。Hereitis.Awayhewent.2.当地点介词短语位于句首，且主语为名词时，不加助动词did,does或do.Ontopofthehillstandsabigpinetree.Underthetreeweresomechildren.Underabigtree___D_____,halfasleep.A.didsatafatmanB.afatmansatC.didafatmansatD.satafatman3.therebe结构，be与后面的主语保持一致.与there连用的动词还有stand,lie,live，come,enter,flow,rise,exist,seem,appear，happen等。TherewerealotofpeopleintheparklastSunday.上周日公园里有很多人。Thereliesalargewheatfieldinfrontofthehouse.Oncetherelivedakingwhowascrueltohispeople.从前有一位对人民很残暴的国王。Therecameshoutsforhelpfromtheriver.Infrontofthetowerthereflewsastream.4.主语较长，表语形容词、过去分词，then时间副词等较短放在句首，为保持句子平衡，应完全倒装。TypicalforChinaisthecrosstalkshow，inwhichtwocomediansentertaintheaudienceswithwords.中国典型的艺术形式是相声，两名演员用言语来逗乐观众。GonearethedayswhenweChinesewerelookeddownupon.中国人民被歧视的日子已成为过去。GoneforeverarethedayswhentheChinesepeoplehadtouseforeignoil.Thencame8yearsoftheAntiJapaneseWar.LonglivetheChineseCommunistPartyofChina！中国共产党万岁！二、部分倒装将助动词调到主语前，主语可以是名词也可以是代词。使用部分倒装的情况有：否定词放句首时，never，neither，nor，few,little，seldom，hardly，scarcely，rarely,innoway，atnotime，bynomeans,not，no,nosooner,nowhere，notonlynotuntilWeseldomgetupatfourinthemorning.=Seldomdowegetupatfourinthemorning.Seldomdoeshespendhistimeplayingcards.他很少花时间去玩扑克。Notasinglewordfromhimcouldtheenemydrag.RarelyhaveIheardofsuchasillything.NeverhaveIheardofthatplacebefore.我以前从未听说过那个地方。Notonlyishebusy,butalsoIhavealotofworktodo.NotonlydoeshespeakEnglishverywell,butalsohespeaksFrenchwell.Notonlydidhegivemesomeadvice，butalsohelentmesomemoney.NeitherdoeshewatchTV，nordoesheseefilmsintheevening.注1当notonly…butalso，neither……nor……连接两个主语等时，不用倒装；Notonlyyoubutalsoheisbusy.Neitheryounorheisbusy.注2由notuntil引导的时间状语从句位于句首时，主句应部分倒装，从句语序不变。Hedidnotreturntohishometownuntil1998=＞Notuntil1998didhereturntohishometown.WedidnotbegintohavesupperlastnightuntilFathercameback=＞NotuntilFathercamebackdidwebegintohavesupperlastnight.注3innotime立刻，马上，放句首不倒装注4hardly…when;rarely…when,scarcely…when,nosooner…than引导的句子用过去完成时。主句倒装，从句不倒装。正常语序主语+hadhardlydonewhen…did倒装语序Hardlyhad+主语+donewhen…did例如Thebellhadhardlyrungwhentheclassbegan.=＞Hardlyhadth