2021-2022学年河南省商丘第一某中学高一（下）开学英语试卷（附答案详解）

202L2022学年河南省商丘第一高级中学高一（下）开学

英语试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）

A

Whafsthebestbooktoreadwhenyoutravel?Ofcourse,itisthebookwiththebackgroundof

thestory.Bookswillbringyouclosertotheplacesyouvisit.Whenitcomestothenamesof

placesandscenicspots,youcan'thelpthinkingoutofyourmindandthesceneryinfrontofyou

willbecomeromantic.

■

Where'dYouGo,Bernadette

MariaSemple'snovel,whichhasrecentlybeenadapted

intoamovie,istoldinemails,andstories,itfollowsBeeWHERED

YOU/GO；

Branchtryingtotrackdownhermother.

BERNADETTE

SetinSeattle,Washington,thisfunnyyetheart-breaking

-一♦

novelisagreatcompanionasyouvisitlandmarks

mentionedinthebook.

MidnightsChildren

Midnight'sChildrenisafantasticalnovelthattellssome

ofthehistoriesofIndia.,SALMAZ

nosHDfe

SalmanRushdie'sstorybeginsatmidnight,onthenight,of

India's,independence,whenthe1,001childrenbomthatMioMi<3wr

i«it;onEZ

hourarefoundtopossessmagicalpowers.Featuring

magicalrealism,thebookissetduring20th-centuryIndia.

AWildChild'sGuidetoEndangeredAnimals

FromNewYorkTimesbestsellingauthorMillie-Marotta

士JTTL■一二.二；

comesthisgreatcelebrationoftheanimalkingdom：a、「千•-切

Stressingthedifficultyof：43endangeredspeciesfrom

around：theworld,thebooktakesreadersonatripthrough

freshwater,oceans,forests,mountains,deserts,grasslands：E焉—“as

andwetlandswhilelearningaboutrareand

well-known.animalsandtheirlivingplaces.

MyNameisRed

Thebook,writtenbytheNobelPrizewinnerforLiterature

OrhanPamuk,hasbeentranslatedintomorethan50ORHAN

PAMUK

languagesandpublishedaroundtheworld.

Ittellsastoryofayoungman,whohasbeenawayfrom

homefor12years,comingbacktohishometownin

Istanbul.Thebook,paintingdetailedpicturesandtellingi

frommanyangles,encouragespeopletohaveadeeper

thinkingoflife.

第2页，共23页

1.Whichbooksuitspeopleinterestedinexploringnature?

A.Where'dYouGo,Bernadette.

B.MidnightsChildren.

C.AWildChild'sGuidetoEndangeredAnimals.

D.MyNameisRed.

2.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A.MyNameisRedisabout20th-centuryIndia.

B.AWildChild'sGuidetoEndangeredAnimalssellsbest.

C.Where'dYouGo,Bernadettewaswritteninaseriousstyle.

D.Midnight'sChildrenmayattractpeopleinterestedinfantasy.

3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?

A.Tocomparefourbooks.

B.Torecommendfourbooks.

C.Toshowthemeaningoftravel.

D.toencouragepeopletotravel.

B

Sincebirth,!havewornatracheotomytube（气切管）aroundmynecktohelpme

breathe.WhenIwasgrowingup,itwascommonforadultstotellmethatIshouldwearcolorful

scarvessothatotherpeoplewouldn'tseeit.Theywouldsay,"Youcan*teventellit'sthere,"asif

mydisabilityissomethingtobeashamedof.Asakid,Ineverreallythoughtaboutmydisability

thewayIdonow.ltwasjusthowIlivedmylife.

NowI'm26yearsold,andFmproudtocallmyselfadisabledwomanbecauseIconsidermy

disabilitytobeapartofwhoIam.Itravelaroundtheworldtosharemystoryasadisabled

reporterandtrainotherreportersonhowtocoverdisabilityproblems.Istillrememberthefirst

timegaveauniversitylecturetoagroupofstudents.IrealizedthatIcouldhelpcreatesafe

spaces.Wheredisabledpeoplecanbethemselvesandfeelfreetotelltheirownstories.

Unfortunately,beingdisabledisstillviewedassomethingthatismeanttobeovercome.Butfor

somanyofus,thisishowwelive.Thisiswhoweare.IamalwaysmovedbythepeopleI'vemet

inthedisabilitycommunity：educators,historians,writers,lawyersandmanymorebecausewe

sharethesamedreamandthesameneedfbramentally-safeworld.

4.Whydidthewriterwearaspecialtubewhenshewasachild?

A.Itcouldhelpherbreathenormally.

B.Itwasaspecialfashionatthattime.

C.Shewantedtolookdifferentfromothers.

D.Aphotographyeditoraskedhertodoit.

5.Whydidtheadultsaskthewritertowearcolorfulscarves?

A.Tokeepwarm.B.Toprotectherneck.

C.Tolookbeautiful.D.Tocoverherspecialtube.

6.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofbeingdisabled?

A.ShamefulB.Pitiful.C.Normal.D.Abnormal.

7.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.HowIBecameDisabled

B.HowIBecameProudofBeingDisabled

C.HowtoGetAlongwithaDisabledperson

D.HowtoEditPhotographsofDisabledPeople

c

MetinSittiattheMaxPlanckInstituteforIntelligentSystemsinStuttgart,Germany,andhis

colleagueshavedevelopedtinyrobotscalled"microrollers"thatcancarrycancerdrugsand

selectivelytargethumanbreastcancercells.Theteamdrewinspirationforthedesignofthe

robotsfromwhitebloodcellsinthehumanbody,whichcanmovealongthewallsofblood

vessels（血管）againstthedirectionofbloodflow.

Themicrorollersareroundandmadefromglassmicroparticles.Onehalfoftherobotwas

coatedwithathinmagneticnanofilm（磁性纳米膜）madefromnickelandgold.Theotherhalf

wascoatedwiththecancerdrugaswellasmoleculesthatrecognizecancercells.

Theteamtestedtherobotsusingmousebloodandartificialchannelslinedwithhuman

endothelialcells-thekindofcellsthatlinetheinnerwallsofourbloodvessels.Therobotswere

exposedtoamixtureofcancerousandhealthytissue（组织）.Themicrorollersselectively

attachedtothecancercellsandwereactivatedusingUVlighttoreleasethecancerdrug.

Byapplyingmagneticfields,theteamwasabletocontrolthemovementofthe

microrollers,bothwithandagainsttheflowofblood.Themicrorollerscanreachaspeedofup

to600micrometerspersecond.nIfyoucometoaspotwhereyouneedtotaketherightpathand

ifmissit,thenyoucouldgobackandgototherightone/'saysSetti.

Infuture,theresearcherswanttouseothermethodstostartthedrugrelease,suchasheat.They

第4页，共23页

alsoplantotrymakingmicrorollersoutofmaterialsthatwouldbreakdowninthebodyovera

fewweeksormonths.

Theteamhopestotestthemicrorollersinanimalssoon.'Therollersneedtocarryenough

cancerdrugs,whichiswhyweneedtohavetheminlargenumbers,'*saysSetti."Butsincewe

canlocallytakedrugstotherighttarget,wedon*tneedhugedosages（齐！J量）

8.Whatcanthemicrorollersbeusedfor?

A.Repairingbloodcells.B.Deliveringdrugs.

C.Improvingbloodflow.D.Performingoperations.

9.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellusaboutthemicrorollers?

A.Theirshape.B.Theiradvantage.

C.Theirdesign.D.Theirapplication.

10.WhatcanwelearnabouttherobotsfromParagraph4?

A.Theirdirectioncanbeadjusted.

B.Theymightmissthetargetcells.

C.Theymightgetstuckintheblood.

D.Theirspeedcanchangeautomatically.

11.Whatwillthescientistsprobablydonext?

A.Putthemicrorollerstoclinicaluse.

B.Sellthemicrorollersinlargequantities.

C.Tearthemicrorollersdowninthebody.

D.Experimentwiththemicrorollersfurther.

D

We'refrequentlytoldthatourattentionproblem-beingeasilydistracted（分心、）-resultsfrom

moderntechnology.Ifwetrulywanttofocus,accordingtothepopularbelief,weneedtoturnoff

allourdigitaldevicesandquitsocialmedia.

Here'smyopinionaboutthatidea.Thisera（时代）isnodifferentthananyother-therehas

alwaysbeena"crisisofattention".Thinkaboutlifelongago：peopleinancientIndiaorEurope

didn'thavesmartphonesandsocialmedia,buttheywerefacedwiththesameproblem.

Acrisisofattentioncanhappenanytimeyoudon'tallowyourselfabreak-whenyoudon'tallow

yourmindtodaydream,whichmayinspireyourcreativity.Wearealwaysengagedin

something.Withthesedigitaltoolsatourfingertips,wehaveconstantaccesstoalltheseforms

ofcommunication,content,andinteraction,andwedon'tletourthoughtswander(漫游)

freely.Whenwasthelasttimeyoustoodinlineatastoreandjustlookedaround?Thought

aboutwhatevercametoyourmind?Ordidyoupulloutyourphone,checkyourtexts,readyour

emailduringthattime?

Wealldoit.Wecatchourselvesallthetimegoingfromonetypeofmentalengagementtothe

next.Likesurfingonline(clickingfromlinktolink),wegofromonetasktothenextandthe

next.Weare"alltaskandnodowntime1'.Evensomethingyoumightthinkofasrelaxingismore

engagement.Checkingyourphonemessagesmayseem"fun",butit'sjustanothertaskforyour

attention.Yourattentionisfocusedontaskaftertaskaftertask,withoutamomentforthemind

towanderfreely.

Ifsnotalwaysrealistictounplug.Wecanrtjustturnoffourphonesandpauseouremail.We

can'tcreateadistraction-freeworld.Theproblemisnottheexistence(存在)ofmodem

technology；rather,itfshowwe'reusingit.

12.WhydoestheauthormentionpeopleinancientIndia?

A.Toargueagainstthepopularbelief.

B.Todiscussthebenefitsoftechnology.

C.Tosuggestasolutiontotheattentionproblem.

D.Toshowtheseriousnessoftheattentionproblem.

13.Whichisanexampleof"downtime"accordingtotheauthor?

A.Chattingwithfriends.B.Readinganewspaper.

C.Sittingbackdoingnothing.D.Checkingphonemessage.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword''unplug"meaninthelastparagraph?

A.Worklonghours.B.Improvetechnology.

C.Stopusingdigitaldevices.D.Balancework,andleisure.

15.Whichsectionofawebsiteisthetextmostlikelyfrom?

A.Culture.B.Fashion.C.History.D.Opinion.

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共10.0分)

CaptureSpiritofYouthYouthisarelativelybriefbutvitalperiodinone*slife.Duringhis

time,habitsandintereststhatwillcontinuefortherestofyourlifeareformedanddevelop.(1)

It'satimetobegintheprocessofself-relianceandself-motivation.Sure,youmighthaveparents

andfriendstohelpyou.(2)Itbuildsyourcharacterandmakesyouindependent.Noonecan

第6页，共23页

forgeyou,togetgoodgradesorgetaperfectjob-thoseresponsibilitiesareyours

alone.Only,youcanbetheauthorofyourownlife.

(3)Trainyourselftobestrong.Tellyourselfthatyoucansummon(鼓起)thewilltoovercome

whateverdifficultiescomeyourway.Anythingworthdoingisn'teasy-it*sbesttolearnthat

lessonearly.Intheend,conqueringadifficulttaskisalwaysworthit,andyoucanthank

perseveranceforguidingyouthere.

Workhard.There'snothingbetterthan-relaxingattheendofalongday,knowingthatyoudid

allyoucoulddoforyourself,yourfamilyandfriends,andyourcommunity.Beapersonthat

othersadmire.(4)Theprocessofworkinghardwillteachyouvaluablelessonsalongtheway；

mostimportantly,itwillteachyouthatfailureisunavoidablebutisn'tsomethingyoushould

everallowtoholdyouback.Changeyourstrategyandtryagain.

Followingtheseprincipleswillsurelybringsuccessinschool,workandlifeingeneral.(5)Be

self-reliant,perseverethroughhardtimesandalwaysworkhardtoachieveyourdreams.

A.Learnfromfailures.

B.Butyoumustrelyonyourself.

C.Whentimesgettough,holdon.

D.Soifsimportanttogetofftoagoodstart.

E.Dotheworkthatotherswon'tandnevercomplain.

F.Andyoucanturntoyourparentsandfriendsforhelp.

G.Listentothespiritofyouthinsideyouandfollowyourinstincts.

16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共20小题，共30.0分)

Iwasreallynervousthisyear,becauseIwasinanewclass.It(21)methatIdidn'tknowanyone

intheclass.But(22)Ididn'tknowanyone,!hadthe(23)todosomethingIlove-peoplewatching.

Thegirlsittingbehindmewasalwayslaughingandtalkinghappily.Shewasoneofthevery

fewpeoplewhomadeany(24)toacknowledgeme.

Attheendoftheyear,wewere(25)todoabigopen-endedprojectwherethe(26)werebasically

toreadsomething,thenwatchsomethingrelatedtoit,andthen(27)apresentationbasedonwhat

welearned.

Onthepresentationday,thatgirl(28)infrontoftheclass,andtoldeveryonehowshehadread

abouteatingdisorders,becausesheherselfhad(29)withone.Asitwastoodifficultforhertotalk

aboutit(30),shehadmadeamovie,whereshehad(31)somepeopleabouttheireatingdisorders

andhowtheyhadfeltand(32)themeventually.Afterthepresentation,almost(33)wasin

tears.Severalpeoplecommentedonhow(34)shewastostandupandtalkaboutit,andhow

strongshewastohavegotoverthedisorder.

Inever(35)shewould,haveaproblemlikethatbecauseshealwaysseemed(36).Hercourageto

talkabout,somethingso(37)inpublicandherstrengthtogetthroughherdifficulties

have(38)me.rvealsolearnedhowdifficultitisto(39)people.Youneverknowwhattypeof

personsomeoneisjustby(40)foraterm.

21.A.pleasedB.confusedC.interestedD.frightened

22.A.ifB.sinceC.beforeD.unless

23.A.honorB.rightC.chanceD.duty

24.A.discoveryB.progressC.remarkD.attempt

25.A.requiredB.forcedC.allowedD.reminded

26.A.instructionsB.purposesC.limitationsD.references

27.A.tryoutforB.comeupwith

C.makeuseofD.lookforwardto

28.A.turnedawayB.lookeddownC.gotupD.cameback

29.A.stayedB.begunC.struggledD.mixed

30.A.directlyB.quicklyC.optionallyD.seriously

31.A.informedB.interviewedC.supportedD.consulted

32.A.ignoredB.overcomeC.improvedD.developed

33.A.somebodyB.anybodyC.everybodyD.nobody

第8页，共23页

34.A.reliableB.generousC.patientD.brave

35.A.expectedB.admittedC.doubtedD.concluded

36.A.cheerfulB.honestC.curiousD.independent

37.A.specificB.professionalC.complexD.personal

38.A.comfortedB.inspiredC.persuadedD.relaxed

39.A.amuseB.impressC.judgeD.satisfy

40.A.thinkingB.listeningC.observingD.communicating

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

41.ChinaandtheUnitedArabEmirates(UAE)sent(1)(they)firstspacecraft

toMarsthisweek.AChinesespacecraftwentintoorbit(轨道)aroundMarson

Wednesday.ItfollowedaUAE'sspacecraftthat(2)(successful)enteredorbit

onTuesday.China*sTianwen-1spacecraftspentsevenmonthsonthetriptoMars(3)

travelednearly475millionkilometers.Tianwen,thenameof(4)ancient

poem,means“QuestforHeavenlyTruth".TheUAE*sspacecraftiscalledAmal.Amalis

theArabicwordforHope.

ThetripstoMarscomeatatimewhenbothcountrieshavemadequickprogressinspace

programs.China'sspaceprogrambroughtmoonrocksbacktoEarthinDecember.Thatis

thefirsttimethataspacecraft(5)(return)toEarthwithmoonrockssincethe

1970s.Chinawasalsothefirstcountrytomanage(6)(land)aspacecrafton

thelittle-exploredfarsideofthemoonin2019.

China'sspacecraftwillsendavehicle,calledarover,tolandontheMariansurface.The

goalistosearchfor(7)(sign)oflifeintheareanamedUtopiaPlanitia,(8)

theU.S.Viking2landerlandedin1976.AlongwithTianwen-1,Amalwilljoin

sixotherspacecraftalready(9)(operate)aroundMars.Amongthem,three

(10)(be)fromtheUnitedStates.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

（7）

（8）

（9）

（10）

五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）

42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文

中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处.错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或

修改.

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词.

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉.

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词.

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分.

Measuringat8.0Ms,aterribleearthquakestrikesWenchuanonMay12,2008.

Agreatnumberofhousesandbuildingswasdestroyed,leftasmanyas10,000,000

peoplehomeless.Thatshockeduswasthatalmosteverythingwasinruins.Fortunate

,thegovernmenttookstepsimmediately.Nowafteradecade,withpeoplewhoco

mefromallfieldsgivingahelpfulhand,anewcityappearsinthefrontofusbutitloo

kslikeabeautifulgarden.Inmyopinion,withoutthesupportofourmotherland,th

esurvivorcouldnotleadsuchacomfortlifeasitisnow.IamproudthatIlivesogreat

acountry.

六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）

43.假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，你的英国笔友Jack在给你的邮件中提到他在搜

集一些关于成功人士的相关资料，并请你给他介绍一个你最喜欢的成功人士，内容

包括：

L该人物是谁；

2.该人物成功的重要原因和主要贡献；

3.该人物对你的影响。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

第10页，共23页

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

DearJack,

Yours,

LiHua

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、D、B

【解析】（1）C细节理解题。根据AWildChild'sGuidetoEndangeredAnimals部分中

的“Stressingthedifficultyof43endangeredspeciesfromaroundtheworld,thebooktakes

readersonatripthroughfreshwater,oceans,forests,mountains,deserts,grasslandsandwetlands

whilelearningaboutrareandwell-knownanimalsandtheirlivingplaces.（这本书强调来自

世界各地的43个濒危物种的困难，带领读者穿越淡水、海洋、森林、高山、沙漠、草

原和湿地，同时了解稀有和著名的动物及其生活的地方）”可知，AWildChild'sGuideto

EndangeredAnimals适合对探索自然感兴趣的人。故选Co

（2）D.细节理解题。根据Midnight'sChildren部分中的"Midnight'sChildrenisafantastical

novelthattellssomeofthehistoriesofIndia.（Midnight'sChildren是一部讲述印度历史的

幻想小说）”可知,Midnight'sChildren是一部幻想小说。由此可知,Midnight'sChildren

能吸引那些对幻像作品感兴趣的人。故选D。

（3）B.目的意图题。根据第一What'sthebestbooktoreadwhenyoutravel?Ofcourse,it

isthebookwiththebackgroundofthestory.Bookswillbringyouclosertotheplacesyou

visit.Whenitcomestothenamesofplacesandscenicspots,youcan'thelpthinkingoutofyour

mindandthesceneryinfrontofyouwillbecomeromantic.（你旅行时最喜欢读的书是什么？

当然，是一本有故事背景的书。书会让你离你去过的地方更近。说到地名和风景名胜，

你会情不自禁地胡思乱想，眼前的景色会变得浪漫起来）”可知，文章主要向读者推荐

了旅游时适合读的几本书，所以文章的目的是向读者推荐这四本书。故选B。

这是一篇应用文。文章主要向读者推荐了旅游时适合读的几本书。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有

据。

4〜7.【答案】A、D、C、B

【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第一®nSincebirth,Ihavewornatracheotomytube（气

切管）aroundmynecktohelpmebreathe.（自出生以来，我脖子上就戴着气切管帮助我

呼吸。）”可知，作者戴着特殊的气切管来帮助呼吸，使呼吸正常。故选A项。

第12页，共23页

（2）D.细节理解题。根据第一段"itwascommonforadultstotellmethat1shouldwear

colorfulscarves（围巾）sothatotherpeoplewouldn'tseeit.（大人们经常告诉我，我应

该戴上彩色的围巾，这样其他人就不会看到我的气切管了。）"可知，大人叫她戴彩色

的围巾来遮她脖子上的气切管。故选D项。

（3）C.推理判断题。根据第二段"NowI'm26yearsold,andI'mproudtocallmyselfa

disabledwomanbecauseIconsidermydisabilitytobeapartofwhoIam.（现在我26岁了，

我很自豪地称自己是一名残疾女性，因为我认为我的残疾是我的一部分。）"可知，作

为残疾人，作者认为残疾是自己的一部分，是平常的（normal）事情，并不觉得不妥。

A.Shameful可耻的；B.Pitiful遗憾的；C.Normal平常的;D.Abnormal异常的。故选C

项。

（4）B.标题归纳题。通读全文，本文介绍了作者由于疾病从小就随身佩戴着一根特殊

的管子来帮助自己呼吸，虽然有着诸多不便，且人们以异样的目光看待她，但她从不以

残疾为耻，反而用自己的经历激励着别人，再结合第二段"NowI'm26yearsold,andI'm

proudtocallmyselfadisabledwomanbecauseIconsidermydisabilitytobeapartofwhoIam.

（现在我26岁了，我很自豪地称自己是一名残疾女性，因为我认为我的残疾是我的一

部分。）”可知，作身残志坚，不以残疾为耻，反而为自己感到自豪，B项"HowIBecame

ProudofBeingDisabled.（我是如何为自己的残疾感到自豪的）"是佳标题。故选B项。

本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者由于疾病从小就随身佩戴着一根特殊的管子来帮助

自己呼吸，人们以异样的目光看待她，但她从不以残疾为耻，反而用自己的经历激励着

别人。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子

的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

8~11.【答案】B、C、A、D

【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第一段"MetinSittiattheMaxPlanckInstituteforIntelligent

SystemsinStuttgart,Germany,andhiscolleagueshavedevelopedtinyrobots"microroller"that

cancarrycancerdrugsandselectivelytargethumanbreastcancercells."（德国斯图力口特马克

斯•普朗克智能系统研究所的梅廷•西蒂和他的同事已经开发出微型机器人"microroller”,

可以携带抗癌药物并选择性地靶向人类乳腺癌细胞。）可知，这种微型机器人可以运送

抗癌药物，并有选择地针对人类乳腺癌细胞。故选B项。

（2）C.段落大意题。第二段"Themicrorollersareroundandmadefromglass

microparticles.OnehalfoftherobotwascoatedwithaIhinmagneticnanofilmmadefrom

nickelandgold.Theotherhalfwascoatedwiththecancerdrugdoxorubicinaswellas

moleculesthatrecognizecancercells."（microroller是圆形的，由玻璃微粒制成。机器人

的一半表面覆盖着一层由银和金制成的磁性纳米薄膜。另一半涂有抗癌药物阿霉素以及

识别癌细胞的分子。）可知，第二段主要介绍了这种微型机器人的形状，构成材料等，

即小型机器人"microroller”的设计。故选C项。

（3）A.细节理解题。根据第四段"Byapplyingmagneticfields,theteamwasabletocontrol

themovementofthemicrorollers,bothwithandagainsttheflowofblood."（通过施加磁场，

该团队能够控制microroller的运动，包括在顺着和逆着血液流动的情况下。）可知，通

过应用磁场，研究小组能够控制这种机器人的运动，无论是顺着血液流动的方向还是逆

着血液流动的方向。即它的运动方向是可以调整的。故选A项。

（4）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句"Theteamhopestotestthemicrorollersinanimals

soon."Therollersneedtocarryenoughcancerdrugs,whichiswhyweneedtohavethemin

largenumbers,"saysSetti.（该团队希望很快在动物身上测试microroller。Setti说："微型

机器人需要携带足够的药，这就是我们需要大量使用它们的原因。"）推知，科学家要

对这种机器人进行进一步的实验。故选D项。

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了德国开发的小型机器人--microroller,它能够运送抗癌

药物，并有选择性地针对人类的乳腺癌细胞。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子

的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

12~15.【答案】A、C、C、D

（解析】（1）A.推理判断题。根据第一段We'refrequentlytoldthatourattention

problem-beingeasilydistracted-resultfrommoderntechnology.我们经常被告知，我们的注

意力问题--容易分心--是现代技术造成的；Thiseraisnodifferentthananyother-therehas

alwaysbeena"crisisofattention".Thinkaboutlifelongago：peopleinancientIndiaorEurope

didn'thavesmartphonesandsocialmedia,buttheywerefacedwiththesameproblem.这个时

代与其它任何时代都没有什么不同-总是存在"注意力危机”。想想很久以前的生活：古

印度或欧洲的人们没有智能手机和社交媒体，但他们面临着同样的问题。可知，作者提

第14页，共23页

及古印度人是为了反对目前流行的一种看法-是现代技术导致了我们的专注力问题。故

选A,

(2)C.推理判断题。根据第三段Wecatchourselvesallthetimegoingfromonetypeof

mentalengagementtothenext.Likesurfingonline(clickingfromlinktolink),wegofrom

onetasktothenextandthenext.Weare"alltaskandnodowntime".我们总是发现自己从一

种类型的精神投入到另一种。就像网上冲浪(从一个链接到另一个链接)一样，我们从

一个任务到下一个任务。我们"全是任务，没有停机时间"；Yourattentionisfocusedontask

aftertaskaftertask,withoutamomenlforthemindtowanderfreely.你的注意力集中在一项

又一项任务上，没有一刻让你的思想自由地漫游。可知，作者认为的“停机时间"指的是

我们放下一切，让思想自由漫游的时间。因此，无所事事地坐着是一个“停机时间”的例

子，故选C。

(3)C.词义猜测题。根据最后一段notalwaysrealistic.并不总是现实的；Wecan'tjustturn

offourphonesandpauseouremail.Wecan'tcreateadistraction-freeworld.我们不能关掉手

机，暂停收发邮件。我们不能创造一个没有干扰的世界。可知，unplug表示“停止使用

电子设备"。A.Worklonghours长时间工作；B.Improvetechnology提高技术；C.Stop

usingdigitaldevices停止使用电子设备；D.Balanceworkandleisure平衡工

作和休闲。故选C。

(4)D.文章类型题。根据第二段Here'smyopinionaboutthatidea.Thiseraisnodifferent

thananyother-therehasalwaysbeena"crisisofattention".以下是我对这个想法的看法。这

个时代与其它任何时代都没有什么不同-总是存在”注意力危机”。及文章最后一段The

problemisnottheexistenceofmoderntechnology；rather,it'showwe'reusingit.问题不在于

现代技术的存在；而是我们如何使用它。可知，本文为一篇议论文，作者在文中发表了

自己的观点，因此本文来自网站的"观点"版块。A.Culture文化；B.Fashion时尚；C.History

历史；D.Opinion观点。故选D。

本文是一篇日常生活类阅读，作者认为，注意力危机在任何时代都是存在的，不能归咎

于现代技术的发展，问题的关键在于我们应该如何使用现代科技。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

16~20.【答案】D、B、C、E、G

【解析】（1）D.联系上文题。空前一句"Duringhistime,habitsandintereststhatwillcontinue

fortherestofyourlifeareformedanddeveloped.（在这段时间里，会形成和发展将持续

到你的余生的习惯和兴趣。）”表示青春时期的重要性，下文描述如何很好地利用青春

时期。D选项"Soit*simportanttogetofftoagoodstar.（所以有个好的开始是很重要的）

”总起下文，符合语境。故选D项。

（2）B.逻辑推理题。空前"It'satimetobegintheprocessofselfrelianceand

self-motivation.Sure,youmighthaveparentsandfriendstohelpyou.（这是一个自力更生和

自我激励的过程。当然，你可能会有父母和朋友帮助你）”表示父母和朋友在这段时间

的帮助，空后”Itbuildsyourcharacterandmakesyouindependent.（它塑造了你的性格，

让你变得独立）"中It指代前一句内容；B选项"Butyoumustrelyonyourself.（但你必

须依靠你自己。）”与上一句内容对应，且与下一句It指代内容相符。故选B项。

（3）C.标题归纳题。空处为本段主旨句。空后"TrainTrainyourselftobestrong.Tellyourself

thatyoucansummonthewilltoovercomewhateverdifficultiescomeyourway.

（训练自己变得强壮。告诉自己，无论遇到什么困难，你都可以鼓起勇气克服。）”可

知，本段描述应努力克服困难。因此C选项“Whentimesgettough,holdon.（当形势变

得艰难时，坚持住。）”描述遇到困难要坚持，引起下文，符合此段主旨。故选C项。.

（4）E.逻辑推理题。由下文中的“Theprocessofworkinghard"可知，本段描述

应努力学习工作。E