Unit8重要知识点知识点牛津译林版英语八年级上册

8AU8【wele】Iwassleepingwhenitstartedtorain.when引导的时间状语从句，wassleeping是过去进行时。过去进行时构成：was/were+ving，表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。Didn’tyouheartherain?否定疑问句，表示一种惊讶或反问、失望、责难等语气。都定疑问句应翻译为“难道....不吗？”否定疑问句用法表示说话人语预期或希望得到肯定答复。Haven’tyoufinishedyet?你还没有结束吗？表示赞叹或感慨，意为“真是....”,译成汉语是，句末用感叹号。Isn’titafinedaytoday?今天的天气多么晴朗啊！表示批评、厌烦、责难等。Can’tyouwalkalittlefaster?难道你不能走快点吗？4）表示教客气地提出请求、邀请等。Won’tyoueandhavedinnerwithus?难道你不想和我们一起吃晚饭吗？3.mopup用拖把完全擦干净（名随代中）eatup吃光useup用光endup结束payup付清4.具体数字+hundred/thousand/millionhundreds/thousands/millionsof...coachn.长途汽车n.教练；私人教师vt.训练，指导crashvi.“碰撞，撞击”crashinto撞上washaway冲走（名随代中）startvt.引起vi.出发；开始9.hearabout/of听说表示间接听说关于某人或某事的情况hear听见表示亲耳听见某事或某人说话hearfrom收到...来信+sb表示“收到某人的来信”10.hitvt.袭击；危害hithittinghit11.catchafire着火=sthbeonfire【reading】atfirst“起初，开始”，多用于句首，相当于atthebeginning。反义短语：atlastatfirst相当于atthebeginning,“起初，开始”,与后来发生的事相对应firstofall相当于first,“首先”，说明顺序，下文中常用next,then等表示顺序shaken.“摇动，震动”vt.“摇动，震动”shakehandswithsb与某人握手shakeone’shead摇头loudadj.响亮的；大声的；喧闹的loudloudlyinfear处于恐惧状态try/doone’sbesttodosth尽某人最大的努力做某事runout跑出来；（时间、食品、金钱等无生命名词）用完runoutof从...跑出来；把...用完inalldirection=ineverydirection四面八方falldown①“掉落；下落”②“跌倒，倒下”后面接宾语时要加介词fromfallover“跌倒”，一般指向前摔倒，其后不加宾语falloff“跌落，从...掉下来”，后面可以直接加宾语edown①崩塌，坍塌②(价格)下降not...atall“一点也不，根本不”，atall放在句尾用于加强否定的语气。有时可写作never/hardly...atall.Notatall.不用谢，不客气betrapped受困，被困住gothrough穿过（空间）经历；审阅mindn.头脑vt.介意；在乎minddoingsth介意做某事calmdown冷静since&as&becausesince既然指双方都知道的或显而易见的原因，常用于句首，不能回答why引导的问句。as由于表示十分明显的原因，不如since正式，不能回答why引导的问句。because因为表示直接的原因或理由，常用于回答why引导的问句。shoutforhelp大声呼救screamforhelpcryforhelppulloneself用力移动身体trytodosth尽力做某事trydoingsth尝试做某事findone’swayout找到出路moveaway搬走，移开（名随代中）movetospl.搬到某地atlast&intheendatlast有时可与finally互换，但往往用于一番拖延和曲折之后，因而常有较浓厚的感情色彩，如不耐烦、不放心、不如愿等；不能用于预测未来。intheend意为“终于”，可用于预测未来。23.asleep睡着的常用来作表语，不能作前置定语beasleep睡着（表示状态）fallasleep入睡，睡着（表示动作）sleeping睡着的常作前置定语eg:sleepingbaby睡着的宝宝sleepy想睡的；困乏的可以作表语或定语feelsleepy觉得困【grammar】breakdown①(车辆或机器)出故障，坏掉②毁坏；坍塌；精神崩溃becauseof+名词./代词/ving◎过去进行时定义：过去进行时表示在过去某个时间点或某个时间段正在进行的事情或动作。结构：was/were+ving基本句式：肯定句主语+was/were+doing+其他。否定句主语+was/were+not+doing+其他。一般疑问句Was/Were+主语+doing+其他?特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+doing+其他?时间标志：过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或事情atthistimeyesterday(lastnight/Sunday/week...),thismorning，thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,from...to....，when,while等过去某个时间点发生的动作或事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。When引导的时间状语从句eg:WhenIsawhim,hewasdoinghomework,*在复合句中，如果主从句的动作都是延续性的或同时进行的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。eg:Whilehewaswaitingforthebus,hewasreadinganewspaper.▼不能用于进行时态的动词部分连系动词be，seem，bee等感官动词see,hear,feel,smell,sound,taste表示心理状态、情感的动词love,hate,like,know,remember,forget表示存在或拥有的动词have,own,belong◎when,while,as的用法when,while,as为连词，意为“当...时”，都可以引导时间状语从句。whenwhileas主句表示的是一个短暂性动作，从句表示的是一个持续性动作√√√Hefeltasleepwhen/while/asshewasreading.短暂性持续性主从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作，且强调主语表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个时间√Ikeptsilentwhilehewaswriting.持续性持续性主从句表示两个同时进行的动作且含有“一边...一边；随着”之意√Shesangasshewentalong.她边走边唱。Thingsaregettingbetterandbetterastimegoeson.随着时间的推移，情况变得越来越好主句是一个持续性动作，从句是一个短暂性动作√√Itwasraininghardwhen/aswearrived.持续性短暂性强调某个动作正在进行时，另一个动作突然发生√Iwaswalkinginthestreetwhenhecalledme.我正走在街上，他突然喊住我。【integratedskills】assoonaspossible尽可能快地as+adj./adv.原级+aspossible尽可能...相当于as...asonecan2.assoonas“一...就...”引导时间状语从句（主将从现）eg:I’lltellhimtogiveyouacallassoonashegetshome.他一到家，我就叫他给你打。3.learnfromsth从...中学习learnfromsb.向某人学习learnof/about了解，得知4.keeponeselfsafe使某人自己安全[keep]①keep+宾语+adj/adv.Pleasekeepthewindowopen.②keep+宾语+介词短语Pleasekeepyourhandsbehindyourback.③keep+宾语+doingDon’tkeepthemworkingdayandnight.beonfire着火stay/keepawayfrom...远离...burnvt.烧伤，烫伤，灼伤过去式burntn.烧伤，烧痕【studyskills】grand+son→grandson(外)孙子grand+father→grandfather外公/爷爷grand+daughter→granddaughter（外）孙女weekday(周一到周五)工作日onweekdays在工作日at/ontheweekend=at/onweekends在双休日head+ache→headachetooth+ache→toothachestomach+ache→stomachache【task】nearlyadv.“几乎，将近”，相当于almost具体数字前常常用nearlyno，none，nothing，never等前常用almostwaitatthebusstop在公交车站等待waitforsb等候某人thenextmorning第二天早上作文句式：①作文句式：①Iwas......when...②...becauseoftheheavyrain/snow...③...hadtowalkslowly/pulloneselfthrough...④Peoplebeganto..⑤Ithinkifeveryoneiswillingto...adj.清楚的，清晰的作文：介绍自然灾害记叙文一般过去时第一人称开头灾害发生的时间和地点主体介绍灾害发生的过程和自己的感受结尾对自然灾害的看法

【语法练习】单项选择（）1.Mybrother___whilehe___hisbicycleandhurthimself.A.fell;wasridingB.fell;wereridingC.hadfallen;rodeD.hadfallen;wasriding（)2.WhenI__Janeshe___cottoninthefields.

A.hadseen;waspickingB.saw;pickedC.hadseen;pickedD.saw;waspicking（）3.Idon’tthinkJimsawme;he___intospace.

A.juststaredB.wasjuststaringC.hasjuststaredD.hadjuststared（）4.IfirstmetLisathreeyearsago.She___ataradioshopatthetime.

A.hasworkedB.wasworkingC.hadbeenworkingD.hadworkedADBB( )1.Linda,Icalledyouthismorning,butnobodyansweredthephone.I’msorry.I______footballwithmyfriendsthen.A.play B.played C.amplaying D.wasplaying( )2.Thebirdsflewaway______everydirectionassoonastheyfoundthemselves______.A.in;indangerB.to;dangerousC.to;indanger D.in;dangerous( )3.Ifyou______,I’ll______bymyself.A.don’te;mopupit B.won’te;mopitupC.don’te;mopitup D.won’te;mopupit( )4.MrSuwasdrivinginthesnowstorm______hiscarcrashedintoatree.A.when B.as C.while D.assoonas( )5.I’msorryI______myexercisebookathome.Don’tforget ______ittoschooltomorrow,please.A.forgot;totake B.left;tobringC.forgot;tobring D.left;totake( )6.I’mreally______beforethepetition.Takeiteasy.Sureyouarethebest.A.cool B.serious C.nervous D.patient( )7.Theearthquake______whenI______somecleaning,A.starts;wasdoing B.started;wasdoingC.wasstarting;wasdoing D.starts;weredoing( )8.Mybrotherhurthislegswhenherodehisbikeonthewaybackhome.______.A.That’stoobad B.HeisverycarelessC.Becarefulnexttime D.I’msorrytohearthat( )9.ThegovernmentofLinyiisbuilding_____cheapandgoodhousesforthepeople.A.thousand B.thousands C.thousandof D.thousandsof( )10.______willthefilmbegin?______halfpastseven.A.Howlong;Notuntil B.Howsoon;UntilC.Howlong;Until D.Howsoon;Notuntil( )11.WhatshouldIdowhentheearthquakehappens,Dad?Firstofall,it’simportantto_____andhideyourselfinthecornersoftheroom.A.calmdown B.putdown C.getdown D.falldown( )12.Itmaybedangerous______acar _____asnowyday.A.todrive;in B.todrive;on C.drive;in D.drive;on( )13.Weallgot______whenweheardthe_____news.A.excited;excited B.exciting;excitedC.excited;exciting D.exciting;exciting( )14.Theweatherwasvery_______inthemorninganditgot_______atnight.A.bad;bad B.bad;worse C.worse;bad D.worse;worse( )15.Milliewasreadingamagazine_______,Eddiewasplayingputergames.A.when B.as C.while D.before【答案】15DACAD610CBDDD1115ABCBC动词填空1.WhendidyouseeCarl,Tom?IsawhimwhileI_____(get)offthetrain.2.OurMathsteacher______(prepare)thenewlessonwithotherteachersintheofficefrom2to4yesterdayafternoon.3.Yourparentsareatyourhome.I_______(think)theywouldetomorrow.4.Bettysatthere,_____(chat)withherfriendontheInternetwhenSamcamein.5.Didyounoticehimeinjustnow?No,I_____(type)lettersallthetime.【答案】1.wasgetting2.waspreparing3.thought4.chatting5.wastyping一、单项选择()21.Therewillbeaheavystorm___________thisevening.A.withthunderandlightingB.hadthunderandlightingC.hadthunderandlightningD.withthunderandlightning()22.Thestudentswereinagreathurry____________thebusafterschool.A.caughtB.catchingC.tocatchD.catch()23.TomwascleaningtheroomwhileJack_____TV.A.waswatchingB.iswatchingC.watchesD.watched()24.Itwasverycold,hepickedupsticks,butsadlythehouse.A.tomakeafire,caughtafireB.tomakeafire,caughtfireC.tomakefire,caughtfireD.madeafire,caughtfire()25.Wolveswill_________theirlives_________thelossofthetreesandforests.A.lose,because B.lose,becauseof C.lost,because D.lost,becauseof()26.Whatdoyoucalltheseanimals?Wecallthemkangaroos.Thestructureofsentenceis.A.S+VB.S+V+DOC.S+V+IO+DOD.S+V+DO+OC()27.Whenthefloodwaswashingthevillage,peoplescreamedandranalldirections.A.infear,withB.withfear,inC.infear,inD.withfear,with()28.DiaoyudaoistheofChina.A.in,southeastB.on,southeastC.to,westsouthD.in,southwest()29.Mymotheroftentellsmeto_____________whenIamintrouble.A.edownB.slowdown C.calmdown D.getdown()30.Weshoulddoeverythingwecanthebirdsindanger.A.protectB.protectingC.toprotectD.protected()31.Thefloorisverydirty.Willyouplease_________?A.tomopupitB.mopupitC.tomopitupD.mopitup()32.Weshoulddoexercisesas________aspossibletokeep_________.A.more,healthyB.much,healthC.more,healthD.much,healthy()33.Thebabystops________assoonashe________hismotheringintotheroom.A.tocry,seesB.crying,willseeC.crying,seesD.tocry,willsee()34.Couldyoutellmeatthemeeting?A.whatdidhesayB.whatdoeshesayC.whatishesayingD.whathesaid()35.Thesadmothersatontheground，shoutingshewascrying．A.whenB.whileC.asD.assoonas()36.Itwastoocold,sotheymadeafirewarm.A.keepB.tokeepC.keepingD.kept()37.Thereare_______visitorstothewetlandpark,andthenumberisbeing_______now.A.thousandof,largerandlarger B.thousandsof,moreandmoreC.thousandsof,largerandlargerD.thousandof,moreandmore()38.－Ihearthatyouwenttoseethefilmcalled“LifeofPea”,isn’tthatboring?－__________.It’soneofthemostsuccessfulfilms.A.Yes,it’sinteresting.B.Yes,it’sboring.C.Notatall.D.Ofcourse.()39.－I’msorryI______myexercisebookathome.－Don’tforget_______ittoschooltomorrow,please.A.forgot,totakeB.left,tobringC.forgot,tobringD.left,totake()40.Theearthquake______whenI_______somecleaning.starts,wasdoingB.started,wasdoingC.wasstarting,wasdoingD.starts,weredoing【答案】2125DCABB2630DCACC3135DDCDC3640BCCBB二、词汇运用A)根据句意及首字母提示，写出适当的单词形式。(5分)1.Lasttime,afterthebigearthquake,Sandy_____________（困住）.2.Becauseoftheterribled_____________，theboylosthislife.3.Itwasveryfoggyyesterday,therewereanumberofa_____________inthesreeet.4.Whenyouareindanger,itisimportanttomakeyounot____________(紧张)andcamldown.5.Hehadabadcold,andthe____________(牙痛)madehimunfortable.B)根据句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。（每空1分，满分15分）1.Themanrushedintothehouseandsavedthosewomen’s_________(life).2.Wouldyouplease_____________(notprevent)mefrombeingamemberoftheBirdwatchingClub?3.I’vegotnoideaabouthow____________(stay)aliveinthewild.4.Lukespentaslittletimeashecould____________(play)putergames.5.The_________(excite)peopleallstoodupandcheeredforLiuXiang.6.Jacksaidhe___________(mop)thewaterupatthattime.7.Didyouhaveanicetime________(ski)lastweek?8.Ihopeyou(notmake)thesamemistakeagain.9.Theearthquakehappenedandmanypeoplewere___________(terrible)hurt.10.Laura____________(learn)anotherlanguagenextyear,isn’tshe?11.Listen!Icanhearanoldwoman__________(scream)forhelpinthenextdoor.12.Iwasplayingputergameswhilemyfather____________(read)newspapers.13.Keep__________(work)ontheproblem,youwillworkitoutsoon.14.Theheavyrainpreventedus_________(go)outlastweekend.15.Hefailedtheexam,becausehedidmostofhisanswers(correct)【答案】A）1.wastrapped2.disaster3.accident4.nervous5.toothacheB）1.lives2.notprevent3.tostay4.Playing5.excited6.wasmoppingskiing8.won’tmake9.terribly10.isgoingtolearn11.screaming12.wasreading13.working14.going15.incorrectly三、用所给动词的适当形式填空1.Mybrother_______(do)hishomeworkwhenIleftmyhouse.2._______he_______(watch)whilehismother_______(cook)?3.Whilewe_______(wait)forthebus,agirl_______(run)uptous.4.AsI_______(walk)inthepark,it_______(begin)torain.5.I_______(have)mybreakfastathalfpastsixyesterdaymorning.6.MrsGreen_______(notwash)clothesatthistimeyesterday.7.Thenewtiemakeshim_______(look)smart.8.Ourteachertoldus_______(notget)toschoollatenexttime.9.Isawthetrafficaccident_______(happen)yesterday.10.Wespendlotsoftime_______(do)ourhomework.【答案】wasdoing2.Was,watching,wascooking3.werewaiting,ran4.waswalking,began5.washaving6.wasn’twashing7.look8.nottoget9.happen10.doing四、句型转换1.Tomdidn'thavehisbreakfastandwenttoschoolinahurry.（改为同义句）Tom______________schoolinahurry_______breakfast.2.Animalsranwildlyeverywhere.（改为同义句）Animalsranin______________.3.TheywerewatchingTVatthattime.（对画线部分提问）_______werethey_______atthattime?4.Youareill.Youdon'thavetogotoschool.（用since将两个句子改为主从复合句）_____________________________________________________________________________5.Earthquakekilledmanypeople.（改为同义句）Manypeople_____________________intheearthquake.6.Finally,hearrivedinShanghaisafely.（改为同义句）In______________,he______________Shanghaisafely.7.Bobhadlunchatschool.（改为否定句）Bob______________lunchatschool.8.IreadthebookwrittenbyLuXunlastsummer.（用atthistimeyesterday改写句子）I______________thebookwrittenbyLuXunatthistimeyesterday.【答案】1.wentto,without2.alldirections3.What,doing4.Sinceyouareill,youdon’thavetogotoschool.5.losttheirlives6.theend,gotto7.didn'thave8.wasreading五、完形填空MynameisDamianCosta.IwasborninasmallvillageinItalyin1952.Ispentthefirstfewyearsofmylifetherebeforemyfamily36toPerthAustraliaWearrivedinAustraliainthesummerof1957.Iwentto37andIhadtoattendspecialclassestolearnEnglishasallthelessonsweretaughtinEnglish.Wedidnothavemuch38,sowelivedverysimply.Myparentsworkedascleaners.Theyearned（挣钱）justenoughforustosurvive（维持生活）and39alittlemoney.Myfatherhadalwayswantedto40asmallrestaurant.Finally,41tenyearsofhardwork,inJune1967,hemanagedtosaveenoughandopenedourfirstpizzeria（比萨饼店）.42businesswasslowatfirst,itsoongotbetter.Ihelpedoutatthepizzeriaafterschoolandatweekends.Justtwoyearsafterwe43,myfatherdecidedthatweneededafulltimewaiter.Thenhedecidedto44metheartofmakingwoodfiredpizzas.Todaywehavethreebranches(分店),inPerth,SydneyandAdelaide.Mychildrenhave45learnedhowtomakepizzasandtheyquiteenjoyit.Ihopetopassonthebusinesstothem.36.A.returned B.moved C.pointed D.turned37.A.school B.hospital C.church D.business38.A.paper B.illness C.health D.money39.A.save B.borrow C.share D.choose40.A.sell B.see C.open D.leave41.A.before B.after C.during D.between42.A.Because B.If C.Although D.When43.A.played B.relaxed C.started D.stopped44.A.like B.teach C.believe D.lend45.A.perhaps B.never C.hardly D.also【答案】3640BADAC4145BCCBD六、阅读理解CThisspring,thetownofOsosawtwicetheusualrainfall.Whenthesunfinallyshone,LoAnnaandKris'sthreeolderkidsranoutside.Inside,LoAnnanursedtheirfourmontholdKristian.SuddenlyLoAnnaheardaloudnoise.Sherushedoutsideintimetoseeahalfmilewidemud(泥浆)andsandthunderingdownthehilltowardthem,knockingoverhundredsoftrees.Mudslide(泥流)!LoAnnagathered(聚集)everyoneintothebedroomfarthestfromthefallinghillsideandwaited.KrisgotacallfromLoAnna,Hehurriedlydrovehome.Highway530wascoveredwiththicksand,fallentrees.Krishadtorunhome.Themudcameuptohisknees.Suddenlyheheardawomanscreamingforhelp.Hepulledthroughmud,overpiecesofhousestothesourceofthecries.Atfirst,hesawanarmreachingupthroughthedebris(残骸，碎片).There,awoman,buriedunderpiecesofwalls,furniture,andtrees,washoldingababy.Finally,hefreedthebaby.Bythistime,othercitizens(市民)hade.Aftersavingthewoman,Krismovedon.Hewasstillamilefromhome.Aheadlaytwofallenhouses.Heheardamoan(呻吟).Steppingtowardthehouse,Krisnearlykilledhimselfinthemud.Anoldermanwastrappedinhousedebris.HewastwiceKrisweight.He'dhavetowaitformorehelp.Justthen,Krisheardanothermanmoaningfromthesecondhouse.Krispulledawaysomepiecesofthehouse,butthemanwasburiedtoodeeplyforhim.Hearinghelicopter(直升飞机)ontheroof,Krisclimbedup,metamemberofthesearchandrescueteamandledhimtothefirstman.Thenheheadedbackandkeptdigginguntilhecouldturnthesecondmanover.Aftertherestoftheteamarrived,Krismovedontofindhisfamily.Krisfinallyreachedhome.Itwasflooded,butthemudhadstoppedjustshyofthehouse.Histruckwasgone,aswereLoAnnaandtheothers.Hecheckedcarsandhousesnearbyforsurvivors,thenrantothemandcenter.Notlongafterhearrived,hesawhistruckingdowntheroad.LoAnnajumpedout.Kriswaspraised(赞扬)bytheRedCrossforhisheroics.53.Thepurposeofthefirsttwoparagraphsisto.A.describeaturningpointofthestory B.introducethecentralideaofthestoryC.createanunusualsettingofthestory D.reviewthemaincharacterofthestory54.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderofthestory?a.Krisfoundamanburiedtoodeeplyforhim. b.Krisheardawomanscreamingforhelp.c.Krisledarescuemembertosavetheolderman.d.KrisfoundLoAnna,kidsandhistruckgone.e.Kriswasnearlykilledinthemud.A.beacd B.badec C.aecbd D.aedbc55.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisTRUE?A.Krissavedthreepersonsinall. B.Krissavedthebabybyhimself.C.Krispulledthefirstmanoutofmud. D.Krisfoundsomesurvivorsnearhishouse.56.Whichsentencebestshowsthecentraltheme(主题)inthetext?A.KrisgotacallfromLoAnna. B.Hewasstillamilefromhome.C.Hesawhistruckingdowntheroad. D.KriswaspraisedbytheRedCrossforhisheroics.DIsavedthegraincarefullyandfinallyhadenoughtoplant.Ibuiltawallaroundmygardentokeepthewildgoatsaway.Thenwhenmycropboreitsfruit,thebirdsdiscovered(发现)it.Thebirdswerenotafraidofmydogatall.IshotthembutassoonasIwalkedaway,theyreturned.Atlast,Ikilled