高考英语 动词和动词短语（解析版）

动词与动词短语年份卷别动词和动词短语（2022-2024）命题趋势2024新高考I卷won赢得；training训练；hated讨厌；turnedto转向；dreamed梦想；borrowed借；passed超过；matured成熟；（7+1）高考对动词和动词短语的考查主要体现在阅读理解：重点考查词义辨析。完形填空：对动词和动词短语的考查在中的词义辨析为主。语法填空/改错：动词和其他词的用法及短语搭配；写作：动词及短语的综合运用完形填空动词考查没用生僻词，侧重考查语篇的整体理解和上下文的逻辑关系。考查动词较多，1~2个动词短语。新高考II卷approached靠近;attended参加，上(学)；building修建；quote引用；recall记起；relyon依靠；showed展示；traveling旅行；engage参与(7+1)浙江卷1月struggled斗争、奋斗；string串起；praised赞扬;remind提醒；gather集合；comeupwith想出；accompanied伴随;forgotten忘记；（7+1）全国甲卷experienced经历；tolerated容忍；study学习；admire钦佩；gothrough经历；talk对话、讨论；comealive变生动；（7+1）2023新高考I卷finished完成;stopped停止；bentdown弯腰;assessed评估；leave离开；（4+1）新高考II卷happened碰巧;offered提供;pickup接载;workout解决；load装载;call打电话；flew飞；（5+2）全国甲卷stayed暂住；making使；让；bring带来；tried尝试；look看起来；pack包装；grown成长；given给；（6+1）全国乙卷knew知道,了解;led带领；领先;took需要;shine照耀；发光；packup整理；收拾行李；ride骑；漂浮；wentoff离开;train培训;helped帮助；defeated打败；transformed转换；改造；改变；winning赢得；led带领；领先;took需要;shine照耀；发光（14+1）北京卷chat闲聊;write写；learning学习；flyingby飞越；飞逝；complaining抱怨；tell告诉；看出，判断出；区分；（5+1）浙江卷1月witness见证；目睹；followed跟随；gathered聚集、采集；lit点燃；点亮；climbing攀爬；inched缓慢移动；sliddown滑下；hatching孵化；（6+1）新高考I卷camped露营；worked起作用；headedoff启程，出发；interrupted中断；start启动；（4+1）新高考II卷plan计划；please取悦;staying停留；sending发送；（4）全国甲卷learned了解到；worried担心；.walked牵着（动物）走；continued继续；suggested建议，推荐；respected尊重；caring照顾；need需要；全国乙卷escaping避开；;interpreted解释escaping避开；interpreted解释；contradicted相矛盾；see看见；speak说；comprehended理解；insiston坚持；（8+1）浙江卷1月gothrough经历；compromise使陷入危险、妥协；include包括；expect期待、预期；understand理解;add补充说;（4+1）浙江卷6月love爱；asif好像；afford支付得起；introduce介绍;believe相信；C.develop发展，培养；follow跟随；giving给；（7+1）北京卷spotted看见、注意到；recover恢复、康复；arrive到达；showup露面，出现；（4）考点动词和动词短语1.（2024年全国甲卷完形填空）BornjustbeforeWWII,mygrandmother____23____anentirelydifferentchildhoodlifestylefrommine.Shedidnothaveachancetogoto_school_.Likeintypicalfamilies,whereboyswere____25____muchmorethangirls,mygrandmahadtostayathometodo_housework_.Theonlyopportunity(机会)shecouldseizeto____27____waswhenherbrotherwashavingChinese__lessons___withthefamilytutor.Shewouldsitquietlyatthefarendofthelongdinnertable,listening___closely___.ThisissomethingI____33____—herabilitytoopenher_hands__underwaterandstillsitcomfortablyontheseabed....Mychildhoodisquite_happy___comparedwithhers.Iam_grateful__thatIdidnotneedto____37____thehardshipslikeshedid.I'veneverfacedtheproblemof_education__.Iguessourdifferentchildhoodbackgroundiswhatmakesmygrandmothersuchanamazingpersonto____39____to:herstoriesalwaysmakemyhistorytextbooks____40____.23.A.adjusted B.promoted C.achieved D.experienced25.A.favored B.tolerated C.trusted D.acknowledged27.A.exercise B.study C.explore D.teach33.A.admire B.notice C.adopt D.value37.A.reflectupon B.gothrough C.askabout D.preparefor39.A.attend B.refer C.lead D.talk40.A.cometrue B.comeround C.comeout D.comealive【答案】23.D25.A27.B33.A37.B39.D40.D【解析】23.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的祖母出生在二战前夕，她的童年生活方式与我的完全不同。A.adjusted调整；B.promoted促进；C.achieved完成；D.experienced经历。根据下文“anentirelydifferentchildhoodlifestylefrommine”可推知，此处指祖母经历的童年与作者的不同。故选D。25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像典型的重男轻女的家庭一样，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家务。A.favored赞成；B.tolerated容忍；C.trusted信任；D.acknowledged承认。根据上文“Shedidnothaveachancetogotoschool.Likeintypicalfamilies”并结合语境可推知，此处指作者祖母生活的年代是重男轻女的，所以祖母才不被允许上学。故选A。27.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她唯一能抓住的学习机会是当她的哥哥和家庭教师一起上语文课的时候。A.exercise锻炼；B.study学习；C.explore探索；D.teach教学。根据上文“Shedidnothaveachancetogotoschool.”以及下文“withthefamilytutor”可推知，此处指祖母不被允许上学，自己找机会学习。故选B。33.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很钦佩她在水下张开嘴，还能舒服地坐在海底的能力。A.admire钦佩；B.notice注意到；C.adopt采纳；D.value重视。根据下文“herabilitytoopenher______underwaterandstillsitcomfortablyontheseabed”可推知，此处指作者佩服祖母在水里的能力。故选A。37.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我很感激我不需要像她那样经历磨难。A.reflectupon思考；B.gothrough经历；C.askabout询问；D.preparefor准备。根据上文“IamgratefulthatIdidnotneed”以及下文“thehardshipslikeshedid”可推知，此处指作者感激自己不需要经历祖母经历过的那些磨难。故选B。39.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想是我们不同的童年背景让我的祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人：她的故事总是让我的历史教科书鲜活起来。A.attend出席；B.refer参考；C.lead领导；D.talk对话、讨论。结合上文祖母给作者讲故事，再根据上文“makesmygrandmothersuchanamazingperson”可推知，此处指祖母的经历使祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人。talkto“与某人交谈”。故选D。40.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想是我们不同的童年背景让我的祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人：她的故事总是让我的历史教科书鲜活起来。A.cometrue成真；B.comeround苏醒；C.comeout出现；D.comealive变得生动。根据上文“Iguessourdifferentchildhoodbackgroundiswhatmakesmygrandmothersuchanamazingpersontotalkto:herstoriesalwaysmakemyhistorytextbooks”可推知，此处指作者祖母的经历和故事丰富了作者的人生，使历史书上的故事变得生动鲜活，跃然纸上。故选D。2.（2024年新高考I卷完形填空）I’vebeenmotivated—anddemotivated—byotherfolks’achievementsallmylife.WhenIwasateenager,aneighborhoodfriend____41____amarathonrace.Feelingmotivated,Istartedrunning_regularly_,butthentwothingshappened.First,agirlImetonedaytoldmeshewas____43____fora“super,”referringtoa52.4-miledoublemarathon.Then,thenextdayIwentonmylongestrun—15miles.Tobehonest,I____44____it!Betweenthegirlmakingmy__achievement___seemsmallandthepureboredomofjogging,Idecidedthattheonly__reason__I’deverrunagainisifabigdogwasrunningafterme!SoI____47____cycling.Igotagoodbikeandrodealot.I____48____ofenteringcycleracesuntilIflewtoSanDiegotovisitmysister.Whileshewasatworkoneday,I____49____herbikeandwentforaride.Thatday,Igot____52____byabout100“local”bikerswhowereusedtosuchroads.WhenIgotbackhome,suddenlyridingmybikedidn’tseemquiteas_appealing__.I’ve____54____alotsincethen.I’vecometoacceptthatwhatever__goals__Isetformyself,theyjusthavetobemyown.41.A.knew B.held C.won D.quit43.A.asking B.looking C.waiting D.training44.A.made B.believed C.hated D.deserved47.A.gaveup B.wenton C.turnedto D.dealtwith48.A.heard B.dreamed C.complained D.approved49.A.painted B.borrowed C.bought D.parked52.A.passed B.convinced C.admired D.stopped54.A.traveled B.matured C.missed D.worried【答案】41.C43.D44.C47.C48.B49.B52.A54.B【解析】41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我十几岁的时候，一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A.knew知道；B.held抓住；C.won赢得；D.quit退出。根据后文“Feelingmotivated”可知，作者有了动力，所以此处应是一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。故选C项。43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为“超级”马拉松训练，指的是52.4英里的双马拉松。A.asking要求；B.looking看；C.waiting等待；D.training训练。根据后文“referringtoa52.4-miledoublemarathon”可知，女孩要跑双马拉松，所以此处应是为之训练，符合语境。故选D项。44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我讨厌它!A.made制作；B.believed相信；C.hated讨厌；D.deserved值得。根据前文“Then,thenextdayIwentonmylongestrun—15miles.”以及后文“Betweenthegirlmakingmyseemsmallandthepureboredomofjogging”可知，作者最长跑了15miles和女孩一比微不足道，所以是讨厌这个成绩。故选C项。47.考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我开始骑自行车。A.gaveup放弃；B.wenton继续；C.turnedto转向；D.dealtwith处理。根据前文“IdecidedthattheonlyI'deverrunagainisifabigdogwasrunningafterme!”可知，作者决定放弃跑步，所以此处应是转向骑自行车。故选C项。48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。A.heard听到；B.dreamed梦想；C.complained抱怨；D.approved批准。根据后文“ofenteringcycleraces”结合选项可知，此处应是作者梦想着参加自行车比赛，符合语境。故选B项。49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天她上班的时候，我借了她的自行车去兜风。A.painted把……描绘成；B.borrowed借；C.bought买；D.parked停(车)。根据前文“IflewtoSanDiegotovisitmysister”以及后文“wentforaride”可知，作者去看妹妹，所以要去骑行的话，应是向妹妹借自行车。故选B项。52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：。那天，我被大约100个习惯了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过了。A.passed超过；B.convinced说服；C.admired欣赏；D.stopped阻止。根据前文“I’dneverfacedsuch.”可知，作者骑上坡好几英里是个挑战，所以是被很多人超过。故选A项。54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后我成熟了很多。A.traveled旅行；B.matured(情感和认识)成熟；C.missed思念；D.worried担心。根据后文“I’vecometoacceptthatwhateverIsetformyself,theyjusthavetobemyown.”可知，作者不再轻易放弃，所以是成熟了很多。故选B项。3.（2024年新高考II卷完形填空）DuringmyfirstvisittoItaly,I___22___toaskfordirectionsororderinarestaurant.ButeverytimeItriedto___23___asentenceofItaliantogether,thelocalssmiledatmeand___24___mylanguageskills.Thatencouragementhelpedmetogetthroughthelanguage__barrier_.AfterImadeItalymypermanenthome,Idiscoveredhow_warm-hearted__Italiansare.Neighborswillbringmefreshlymadecheeseandwillcometomydoorto___27___metoclosethewindowinmycarwhenrainiscoming.It'sthesesmall__acts__ofkindnessthatmakeanewcountryfeellikehome.Asafoodie,thewaytomyheartisthroughmystomach,andnowherefuelsmy__appetite_quitelikeItaly.Eachtownhasitsowntraditional___dish___,andeveryfamilykeepsarecipepassedfromonegenerationtoanother.Families____31____forbigmealsonSundays,birthdays,andwhateverotherexcusestheycan____32____.Thesemealsarealways____33____bylaughterandjoy.Whatever__disadvantages__lifeinItalymighthave,theproblemsare____35____onceyousitdowntoabigmealwithfriendsandfamily.22.A.planned B.struggled C.refused D.happened23.A.string B.hang C.mix D.match24.A.improved B.assessed C.admired D.praised27.A.remind B.allow C.persuade D.order31.A.gather B.cheer C.leave D.wait32.A.putupwith B.standupfor C.comeupwith D.makeupfor33.A.signaled B.confirmed C.represented D.accompanied35.A.created B.forgotten C.understood D.identified【答案】22.B23.A24.D27.A30.B31.A32.C33.D35.B【解析】22.考查动词词义辨析，句意：在我第一次访问意大利时，我很难问路或在餐馆点餐。A.planned计划；B.struggled斗争、吃力地进行；C.refused拒绝；D.happened出现、发生。根据上文“DuringmyfirstvisittoItaly”可推知，此处指作者第一次到意大利，语言不通，很难沟通交流。故选B。23.考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A.string串起、连成一串；B.hang悬挂；C.mix混合；D.match配对。根据下文“asentenceofItaliantogether”可推知，此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。故选A。24.考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A.improved改进；B.assessed评估；C.admired钦佩；D.praised赞扬。根据上文“thelocalssmiledatme”以及下文“Thatencouragement”可推知，此处指作者尝试说意大利语，当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。故选D。27.考查动词词义辨析，句意：邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车窗。A.remind提醒；B.allow允许；C.persuade说服；D.order命令。根据上文“Idiscoveredhowwarm-heartedItaliansare”以及下文“willcometomydoor”可推知，此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作者家门前提醒他关上车窗。故选A。31.考查动词词义辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A.gather集合；B.cheer欢呼；C.leave留下；D.wait等待。根据上文“Families”以及下文“withfriendsandfamily”可推知，此处指一家人聚集在一起吃饭。故选A。32.考查动词短语辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A.putupwith克服；B.standupfor支持；C.comeupwith想出；D.makeupfor弥补。根据上文“whateverotherexcusestheycan”可推知，此处指家人们为了聚在一起吃饭而想出的理由。故选C。33.考查动词词义辨析，句意：这些饭菜总是伴随着笑声和喜悦。A.signaled示意；B.confirmed确认；C.represented代表；D.accompanied伴随。根据下文“bylaughterandjoy”可推知，此处指家人们在一起用餐时伴随着欢声笑语。固定搭配“accompanyby”译为“伴随”。故选D。35.考查动词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A.created创建；B.forgotten忘记；C.understood理解；D.identified确认。根据上文“WhateverdisadvantageslifeinItalymighthave,theproblems”以及下文“onceyousitdowntoabigmealwithfriendsandfamily”可推知，此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处，跟家人们吃一顿饭就会忘记不愉快。故选B。4.（2024年浙江卷1月完形填空）AyoungChineseman____22____meonthetrain.My__new___friendspokevirtuallynoEnglish,soIhappilytookthe__chance__topracticemyChinese.Overseveralhours,hewouldtellmeabouthowhehad____25____atwo-yearprofessionalschooltoquicklyfindajob____26____highwaysinordertohelpsupporthisfamily.Perhapsthemost_remarkable_,however,wasthefactthatthismanspenthoursstudyingeverydayafterhardphysicallabor.Withoutbattinganeye,hewould____28____atranslatedEmersonpassagebeforeaskingabouttheliteraryinfluenceofAmerican_writers__asawhole.”AndwhatdoyoualllearnaboutRussianauthors?”I____30____himaskingatonepoint.Itwouldhavebeeneasyto____31____myassumptionsaboutthishighwaybuilderwhohadneverbeenmorethanafewhundredmilesfromhome.Butthishighlyinformed,____self-educated___,andadmirablepersonpreventedmedoingso.Inthecourseofacoupleofhours,he____33____mejusthowmuchonecangainfrom____34____withanopenmind,andawillingnessto____35____withlocalsfromallwalksoflife.22.A.treated B.saved C.lectured D.approached25.A.visited B.financed C.attended D.founded26.A.building B.sweeping C.checking D.guarding28.A.publish B.quote C.copy D.download30.Aanticipate B.imagine C.recall D.catch31.A.lookinto B.relyon C.goover D.dealwith33.A.asked B.warned C.showed D.promised34.A.traveling B.reading C.searching D.teaching35.A.cooperate B.side C.negotiate D.engage【答案】22.D25.C26.A28.B30.C31.B33.C34.A35.D【解析】22.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A.treated对待；B.saved拯救；C.lectured演讲；D.approached靠近。根据后文“meonthetrain”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A.visited拜访；B.financed提供资金；C.attended参加，上(学)；D.founded成立。根据后文“atwo-yearprofessionalschool”可知，指这个年轻人去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。26.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A.building修建；B.sweeping打扫；C.checking检查；D.guarding守卫。根据后文“highwaysinordertohelpsupporthisfamily”可知，年轻人修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。28.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A.publish出版；B.quote引用；C.copy复制；D.download下载。根据后文“atranslatedEmersonpassage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。30.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。A.anticipate预期；B.imagine想象；C.recall记起；D.catch抓住。根据后文“himaskingatonepoint”可知，作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。故选C。31.考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。A.lookinto调查；B.relyon依靠；C.goover复习；D.dealwith处理。根据后文“myassumptionsaboutthishighwaybuilderwhohadneverbeenmorethanafewhundredmilesfromhome”可知，年轻人从来没有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。33.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A.asked询问；B.warned警告；C.showed展示；D.promised承诺。根据后文“mejusthowmuchonecangainfrom”指年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人可以从开放的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中获得多少收获。故选C。34.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A.traveling旅行；B.reading阅读；C.searching搜索；D.teaching教学。根据后文“withanopenmind,andawillingnessto”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。35.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A.cooperate合作；B.side边；C.negotiate协商；D.engage参与。根据后文“withlocalsfromallwalksoflife”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engagewith表示“与……接触”。故选D。5.（2023年新高考I卷）OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.MelanieBaileyshouldhave____21____thecourseearlierthanshedid.Her__delay_camebecauseshewascarryinga_competitor_acrossthefinishline.Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughher_race__whenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.She____25____tohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith____26____.Shecouldn’t.Baileythen____27____toletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget_medical_attention.Oncethere,Lenouewas____29____andlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees.Shewouldhavestruggledwithextreme__pain__tomakeittothataidcheckpointwithoutBailey’shelp.AsforBailey,sheismore_confused___aboutwhyheractisconsideredabig__deal_.“Shewasjustcrying.Icouldn’t____33____her,”Baileytoldthereporter.“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing.”21.A.designed B.followed C.changed D.finished25.A.agreed B.returned C.stopped D.promised26.A.courage B.aid C.patience D.advice27.A.wentaway B.stoodup C.steppedaside D.bentdown 29.A.interrupted B.assessed C.identified D.appreciated33.A.leave B.cure C.bother D.understand 【答案】21.D25.C26.B27.D29.B32.D33.A21.考查动词词义辨析。句意：MelanieBailey应该更早完成比赛。A.designed设计；B.followed跟随；C.changed改变；D.finished完成。根据下一段的“carriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget_____attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“MelanieBailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴DanielleLenoue。A.agreed同意；B.returned回来；C.stopped停止；D.promised答应。根据下文“tohelpherfellowrunner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴DanielleLenoue。故选C。27.考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A.wentaway离开；B.stoodup站起来；C.steppedaside让路；D.bentdown弯腰。根据下文“letLenoueclimbontoherback”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。29.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A.interrupted打断；B.assessed评估；C.identified识别；D.appreciated感激。根据下文“latertakentoahospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。33.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A.leave离开；B.cure治愈；C.bother打扰；D.understand理解。根据上文“Shewasjustcrying”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。6.（2023年新高考II卷）Itjust___24___thatIwasplanninganotherPNPflightwithanotherpilot,Karen,who___25___totakeTiffyfromKansasCitytoVirginia.WhatIwastodowasflytoTopekato___26___Tiffy.WhenImetTiffy’sowners,theyseemedvery_nervous_.George,thehusband,wastryingtobecalm,butIcouldtellthiswas__hard__forhim,havingtoleavehisdogtoa__stranger_andtrustthateverythingwould_____30_____.Aftersomegoodbyes,IaskedGeorgeandhiswifetohelpme_____31_____Tiffyintotheplane.IpromisedtotakecareofTiffyand_____32_____themassoonaswegottoKansasCity.Theflightwas__uneventful__,andTiffywasagreatpassenger.Thenextday,she_____34_____withKarenandmadeitbacktoGeorgeinVirginiawithinafewdays.Hewasso___thankful____andsentmeanicee-mailwithpictures.ItfeltgreattoknowthatIhadhelpedbringthisfamilytogetheragain.24.A.appeared B.proved C.happened D.showed25.A.waited B.offered C.hurried D.failed26.A.seeoff B.lookfor C.handover D.pickup30.A.speedup B.workout C.comeback D.takeoff31.A.feed B.follow C.change D.load32.A.call B.join C.leave D.serve34.A.returned B.fought C.flew D.agreed【答案】24.C25.B26.D30.B31.D32.A33.D34.C【解析】24.考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A.appeared出现；B.proved证明；C.happened碰巧；D.showed展示。根据“IwasplanninganotherPNPflightwithanotherpilot,Karen,”可知，碰巧的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP飞行。故选C。25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A.waited等待；B.offered提供、主动提出；C.hurried匆忙；D.failed失败。根据“totakeTiffyfromKansasCitytoVirginia.”可知，Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。故选B。26.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A.seeoff为……送行；B.lookfor寻找；C.handover移交；D.pickup接载。根据“WhatIwastodowasflytoTopeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D。30.考查动词短语辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A.speedup加速；B.workout解决；C.comeback回来；D.takeoff起飞。根据“George,thehusband,wastryingtobecalm,butIcouldtellthiswas_____forhim,”可知，让狗的主人George相信一个陌生人一切都会解决好，对他来说很难。故选B。31.考查动词词义辨析。句意：道别之后，我让George和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy送上飞机。A.feed喂养；B.follow跟随；C.change改变；D.load装载。loadinto装入。根据“Tiffyintotheplane.”可知，作者让George和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装入飞机。故选D。32.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。A.call打电话；B.join加入；C.leave离开；D.serve服务。根据“assoonaswegottoKansasCity.”可知，作者承诺一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。故选A。34.考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，她和Karen一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的George那里。A.returned返回；B.fought打仗；C.flew飞；D.agreed同意。根据“Itjust______thatIwasplanninganotherPNPflightwithanotherpilot,Karen,who_____totakeTiffyfromKansasCitytoVirginia.”可知，Karen带狗Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。故选C。7.（2023年全国甲卷）Manyyearsago,IboughtahouseintheGarfagnana,wherewestillgoeverysummer.Thefirsttimewe___21___there,weheardthechugchug-chugofamotorbike___22___itswaydownthehilltowardus.Itwas_neighbor_calledMario,comingto___24_usaboxcontainingsometomatoesandabottleofwineThesecan’tbeany_good__,wethought.Butwewere__thankfulfor__hiskindness,sowe___30___themNowadayssupermarkettomatoes___34___perfectbuttasteofwater.It’sasurprisetheyhaven’tmanagedtogrowsquareonessothattheycan___36___themeasilyIt’sgoodtoeatthingsatthecorrecttime,whenthey’re___38___,andascloseaspossibletowheretheywere___39___.WhatMariohad___40___uswasthetasteoftheGarfagnana.21.A.waited B.met C.camped D.stayed22.A.making B.searching C.squeezing D.feeling24.A.lend B.send C.bring D.show30.A.tried B.sold C.returned D.mixed34.A.smell B.look C.become D.work36.A.clean B.check C.count D.pack39.A.finished B.stored C.found D.grown40.A.cooked B.given C.bought D.told【答案】21.D22.A24.C30.A33.D34.B39.D40.B【解析】21.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A.waited等待；B.met遇见；C.camped露营；D.stayed暂住。根据前文“Manyyearsago,IboughtahouseintheGarfagnana,wherewestillgoeverysummer.”可知，作者在当地买了房子，所以是第一次住在那里。故选D项。22.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A.making使；让；B.searching搜索；C.squeezing挤压；D.feeling感觉。根据后文“comingtousaboxcontainingsometomatoesandabottleofwine.”可知，摩托车是开过来给我们送东西的，所以makeone’sway复合语境，为固定搭配，意为“前往”。故选A项。24.考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。A.lend借出；B.send发送；C.bring带来；D.show展示。根据后文“Itwasaveryniceforhimtomake.”可知，马里奥很友好，所以是给作者一家带来一个盒子。故选C项。30.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。A.tried尝试；B.sold出售；C.returned回来；D.mixed混合。根据后文“ThosetomatoeshadthatremindedmeoftheonesmyuncleusedtogrowwhenIwasachild.”可知，马里奥送的西红柿让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿，所以推知，他们是尝试了。故选A项。34.考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在超市里的西红柿看起来很好，但味道像水。A.smell闻起来；B.look看起来；C.become变成；D.work工作。根据前文“notatalllikethenice,round,7thingsyougetinasupermarket.”可知，超市的西红柿看起来很完美。故选B项。36.考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他们没有设法种植方形的，这样他们就可以方便地包装它们。A.clean打扫；B.check检查；C.count计数；D.pack包装。根据前文“It’sasurprisetheyhaven’tmanagedtogrowsquareones”结合实际，可知方形的易包装。故选D项。39.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是应季的时候，尽可能靠近它们生长的地方，吃东西是好的。A.finished完成；B.stored贮存；C.found找到；D.grown成长。根据前文“It’sgoodtoeatthings”以及“ascloseaspossibletowhere”可知，此处在讲在合适的时间吃东西是好的，根据where推断涉及地点，结合实际，应是在靠近它们生长的地方，摘下来吃，能保持新鲜，是好的，符合题意。故选D项。40.考查动词词义辨析。句意：马里奥给我们的是Garfagnana的味道。A.cooked烹饪；B.given给；C.bought买；D.told告诉。根据前文“ItwascalledMario,comingtousaboxcontainingsometomatoesandabottleofwine.”可知，应该是马里奥给作者一家的。故选B项。8.（2023年全国乙卷）TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividual(个人)all-aroundevent,GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverythingshe____21____best.Shehadto___22___herbedroominVirginia.Shehadtosay____23.goodbye____tohertwodogsandtothebeach,whereshelovedto____24____wavesonherboard.Butitwas____25.time____totaketheleap(飞跃),however____26heartbreaking ____itwouldbe.Evenat14,Douglasknewthat.Soshe____27____about1,200milesawayfromhome,to____28____withacoachfromChina.Shelivedwithafamilyshehadnever____29____andeverythingwasnewtoher.Asitturnedout,Douglasdid____30.exactly____whatsheneededtodotobecomeOlympicchampionwhenshe____31____twoRussians.TheChinesecoach____32____Douglasintooneofthebestgymnastsinthe____33.world____,helpingherskyrocketfroman____34.average____memberofthenationalteamtothetopofthesport.By____35____theOlympicall-aroundtitle,shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso.She____36____thecompetitionfrombeginningtoend.Shesaidshehadfelt___confident___allalongthatshewouldwin.Notsolongago,MarthaKarolythecoordinator(联络人)ofthewomen’snationalteam,didnotthinkDouglashadwhatit____38____tobeanOlympian.Astimewentby,shethought____39.moreandmore____thatshecouldmaketheLondonGames-andwin.“I’mgoingtoinspiresomanypeople,”shesaid.“I’mreadyto____40____.”Andshineshedid.21.A.tried B.thought C.judged D.knew22.A.takeup B.packup C.cleanup D.doup24.A.cause B.observe C.ride D.strike27.A.droppedout B.movedon C.pulledover D.wentoff28.A.reason B.talk C.compete D.train29.A.met B.helped C.understood D.needed31.A.defeated B.pleased C.respected D.assisted32.A.forced B.transformed C.persuaded D.put35.A.clarifying B.defending C.winning D.demanding36.A.followed B.organized C.watched D.led38.A.viewed B.appeared C.mattered D.took40.A.shine B.fly C.dance D.score【答案】21.D22.B24.C27.D28.D29.A31.A32.B35.C36.D38.D40.A【解析】21.考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，GabbyDouglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切。A.tried尝试；B.thought思考；C.judged判断；D.knew知道；熟悉，了解。由上文“TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividual(个人)all-aroundevent,GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverything”和下文“1,200milesawayfromhome”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，GabbyDouglas放弃她最熟悉的一切，来到一个陌生的地方，故选D。22.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她不得不整理好她在弗吉尼亚的卧室。A.takeup从事；B.packup整理；收拾行李；C.cleanup清理；D.doup装修。由上文“GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverything”和下文“herbedroominVirginia”可知，整理好她的卧室，准备离开这里，故选B。24.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A.cause引起；B.observe观察；C.ride骑；漂浮；D.strike打击。由下文“wavesonherboard.”可知，此处表示冲浪，ridethewaves意为“冲浪”，故选C。27.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。A.droppedout退出；B.movedon继续。C.pulledover靠边停车；D.wentoff离开。由下文“about1,200milesawayfromhome,”可知，GabbyDouglas到了一个离家1200英里的地方，故选D.28.考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一位来自中国的教练一起训练。A.reason推理；B.talk谈话；C.compete竞争；D.train培训。由上文“TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividual(个人)all-aroundevent”和下文“withacoachfromChina”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，GabbyDouglas离开家，由此可知，她来到这里是为了和一位来自中国的教练一起训练，故选D。29.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，一切对她来说都是全新的。A.met遇到；见过；B.helped帮助；C.understood理解；D.needed需要。由下文“everythingwasnewtoher.”可知，一切对她来说都是全新的，所以此处指她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，故选A。31.考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切。A.defeated打败；B.pleased使高兴；C.respected尊敬；D.assisted帮助。由上文“whatsheneededtodotobecomeOlympicchampion”和下文“theOlympicall-aroundtitle,shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso”可知，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，成为了奥运冠军，故选A。32.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A.forced强迫；B.transformed转换；改造；彻底改变；C.persuaded劝说；D.put放。由下文“Douglasintooneofthebestgymnasts”可知，这位中国教练让Douglas变成世界上最好的体操运动员之一，o固定搭配，意为“使……变成……”，故选B。35.考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过赢得奥运会全能冠军，她成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女性。A.clarifying分类；B.defending打败；C.winning赢得；D.demanding要求。由下文“theOlympicall-aroundtitle,shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso.”可知，Douglas赢得奥运会全能冠军，故选C。36.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她自始至终领先于竞争对手。A.followed跟随；B.organized组织；C.watched观看；D.led带领；领先。由下文“thecompetitionfrombeginningtoend”可知，比赛过程中，Douglas一直领先于竞争对手，故选D。38.考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在不久前，女子国家队联络人MarthaKaroly还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件。A.viewed看待；B.appeared出现；C.mattered重要；D.took需要。由下文“tobeanOlympian”可知，此处表示MarthaKaroly还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件，空处表示“需要”，故选D。40.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我准备好发光了”。A.shine照耀；发光；B.fly飞行；C.dance跳舞；D.score得分。由上文“I’mgoingtoinspiresomanypeople”和“Andshineshedid.”可知，Douglas认为自己将会激