2018考研英语模拟试题1及答案

2018考研英语模拟试题一及答案

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonthe

ANSWERSHEET.(10points)

Couldahugadaykeepthedoctoraway?Theanswermaybearesounding"yes!"1helpingyoufeelcloseand

2topeopleyoucareabout,itturnsoutthathugscanbringa3ofhealthbenefitstoyourbodyandmind.Believeit

ornot,awarmembracemightevenhelpyou4gettingsickthiswinter.

Inarecentstudy5over400healthadults,researchersfromCarnegieMellonUniversityinPennsylvania

examinedtheeffectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthereceiptofhugs6theparticipants'susceptibilityto

developingthecommoncoldafterbeing7tothevirus.Peoplewhoperceivedgreatersocialsupportwereless

likelytocome8withacold,andtheresearchers9thatthestress-reducingeffectsofhugging10about32percent

ofthatbeneficialeffect.11amongthosewhogotacold,theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportandreceived

morefrequenthugshadlesssevere12.

"Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe13riskforcoldsthat'susually14withstress/'notes

SheldonCohen,aprofessorofpsychologyatCarnegie.Hugging"isamarkerofintimacyandhelps15thefeeling

thatothersaretheretohelp16difficulty."

Someexperts17thestress-reducing,health-relatedbenefitsofhuggingtothereleaseofoxytocin,often

called"thebondinghormone"18itpromotesattachmentinrelationships,includingthatbetweenmotherand

theirnewbornbabies.Oxytocinismadeprimarilyinthecentrallowerpartofthebrain,andsomeofitisreleased

intothebloodstream.Butsomeofit19inthebrain,whereit20mood,behaviorandphysiology.

1.[A]Unlike[B]Besides

[C]Despite[D]Throughout

2.[A]connected[B]restricted

[C]equal[D]inferior

3.[A]choice[B]view

[C]lesson[D]host

4.[A]recall[B]forget

[C]avoid[D]keep

5.[A]collecting[B]involving

[C]guiding[D]affecting

6.[A]of[B]in

[C]at[D]on

7.[A]devoted[B]exposed

[C]lost[D]attracted

8.[A]across[B]along

[C]down[D]out

9.[A]calculated[B]denied

[C]doubted[D]imagined

10.[A]served[B]required

[C]restored[D]explained

11.[A]Even[B]Still

[C]Rather[D]Thus

12.[A]defeats[B]symptoms

[C]tests[D]errors

13.[A]minimized[B]highlighted

[C]controlled[D]increased

14.[A]equipped[B]associated

[C]presented[D]compared

15.[A]assess[B]moderate

[C]generate[D]record

16.[A]inthefaceof[B]intheformof

[C]inthewayof[D]inthenameof

17.[A]transfer[B]commit

[C]attribute[D]return

18.[A]because[B]unless

[C]though[D]until

19.[A]emerges[B]vanishes

[C]remains[D]decreases

20.[A]experiences[B]combines

[C]justifies[D]influences

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.Markyour

answersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)

Text1

Firsttwohours,nowthreehours-thisishowfarinadvanceauthoritiesarerecommendingpeopleshowupto

catchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.airportswithincreasinglymassivesecuritylines.

Americansarewillingtotoleratetime-consumingsecurityproceduresinreturnforincreasedsafety.Thecrash

ofEgyptAirFlight804,whichterroristsmayhavedownedovertheMediterraneanSea,providesanothertragic

reminderofwhy.Butdemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoolittlesecurityinreturnundermines

publicsupportfortheprocess.Anditshould:WastedtimeisadragonAmericans'economicandprivatelives,not

tomentioninfuriating.

Lastyear;theTransportationSecurityAdministration(TSA)foundinasecretcheckthatundercover

investigatorswereabletosneakweapons-bothfakeandreal-pastairportsecuritynearlyeverytimethey

tried.Enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,combinedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimprovingChicago's

O'HareInternational.Itisnotyetclearhowmuchmoreeffectiveairlinesecurityhasbecome-butthelinesare

obvious.

Partoftheissueisthatthegovernmentdidnotanticipatethesteepincreaseinairlinetravel,sotheTSAis

nowrushingtogetnewscreenersontheline.Partoftheissueisthatairportshaveonlysomuchroomfor

screeninglanes.Anotherfactormaybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpacktheircarry-onbagstoavoid

checked-baggagefees,thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputethis.

ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:Enroll

morepeopleinthePreCheckprogram.PreCheckissupposedtobeawin-winfortravelersandtheTSA.Passengers

whopassabackgroundcheckareeligibletouseexpeditedscreeninglanes.ThisallowstheTSAwantstoenroll25

millionpeopleinPreCheck.

Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock.Passengersmustpay$85every

fiveyearstoprocesstheirbackgroundchecks.Sincethebeginning,thispricetaghasbeenPreCheck'sfatalflaw.

Upcomingreformsmightbringthepricetoamorereasonablelevel.ButCongressshouldlookintodoingso

directly,byhelpingtofinancePreCheckenrollmentortocutcostsinotherways.

TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesintounderusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthetraveling

publicsuffersinunnecessarylines.Itislongpasttimetomaketheprogramwork.

21.thecrashofEgyptAirFlight804ismentionedto

[A]stresstheurgencytostrengthensecurityworldwide.

[B]highlightthenecessityofupgradingmajorUSairports.

[C]explainAmericans'toleranceofcurrentsecuritychecks.

[D]emphasistheimportanceofprivacyprotection.

22.whichofthefollowingcontributionstolongwaitsatmajorairport?

[A]Newrestrictionsoncarry-onbags.

[B]ThedecliningefficiencyoftheTSA.

[C]Anincreaseinthenumberoftravelers.

[D]Frequentunexpectedsecretchecks.

23.Theword"expedited"(Line4,Para.5)isclosestinmeaningto

[A]faster.

[B]quieter.

[C]wider.

[D]cheaper.

24.OneproblemwiththePreCheckprogramis

[A]Adramaticreductionofitsscale.

[B]Itswrongly-directedimplementation.

[C]Thegovernment'sreluctancetobackit.

[D]Anunreasonablepriceforenrollment.

25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

[A]LessScreeningforMoreSafety

[B]PreCheck-aBelatedSolution

[C]GettingStuckinSecurityLines

[D]UnderusedPreCheckLanes

Text2

"TheancientHawaiianswereastronomers,"wroteQueenLiliuokalani,Hawaii'slastreigningmonarch,in1897.

StarwatcherswereamongthemostesteemedmembersofHawaiiansociety.Sadly,allisnotwellwithastronomy

inHawaiitoday.ProtestshaveeruptedoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeterTelescope(TMT),agiantobservatory

thatpromisestorevolutionizehumanity'sviewofthecosmos.

AtissueistheTMT'splannedlocationonMaunaKea,adormantvolcanoworshipedbysomeHawaiiansas

thepiko,thatconnectstheHawaiianIslandstotheheavens.ButMaunaKeaisalsohometosomeoftheworld's

mostpowerfultelescopes.RestedinthePacificOcean,MaunaKea'speakrisesabovethebulkofourplanet's

denseatmosphere,whereconditionsallowtelescopestoobtainimagesofunsurpassedclarity.

OppositiontotelescopesonMaunaKeaisnothingnew.AsmallbutvocalgroupofHawaiiansand

environmentshavelongviewedtheirpresenceasdisrespectforsacredlandandapainfulreminderofthe

occupationofwhatwasonceasovereignnation.

Someblameforthecurrentcontroversybelongstoastronomers.Intheireagernesstobuildbiggertelescopes,

theyforgotthatscienceistheonlywayofunderstandingtheworld.Theydidnotalwaysprioritizetheprotection

ofMaunaKea'sfragileecosystemsoritsholinesstotheisland'sinhabitants.Hawaiiancultureisnotarelicofthe

past;itisalivingcultureundergoingarenaissancetoday.

Yetsciencehasaculturalhistory,too,withrootsgoingbacktothedawnofcivilization.Thesamecuriosityto

findwhatliesbeyondthehorizonthatfirstbroughtearlyPolynesianstoHawaii'sshoresinspiresastronomers

todaytoexploretheheavens.CallstodisassemblealltelescopesonMaunaKeaortobanfuturedevelopment

thereignoretherealitythatastronomyandHawaiianculturebothseektoanswerbigquestionsaboutwhoweare,

wherewecomefromandwherewearegoing.Perhapsthatiswhyweexplorethestarryskies,asifansweringa

primalcallingtoknowourselvesandourtrueancestralhomes.

TheastronomycommunityismakingcompromisestochangeitsuseofMaunaKea.TheTMTsitewaschosen

tominimizethetelescope'svisibilityaroundtheislandandtoavoidarchaeologicalandenvironmentalimpact.To

limitthenumberoftelescopesonMaunaKea,oldoneswillberemovedattheendoftheirlifetimesandtheirsites

returnedtoanaturalstate.ThereisnoreasonwhyeveryonecannotbewelcomedonMaunaKeatoembracetheir

culturalheritageandtostudythestars.

26.QueenLiliuokalani'sremarkinParagraph1indicates

[A]itsconservativeviewonthehistoricalroleofastronomy.

[B]theimportanceofastronomyinancientHawaiiansociety.

[C]theregrettabledeclineofastronomyinancienttimes.

[D]herappreciationofstarwatchers'featsinhertime.

27.MaunaKeaisdeemedasanidealastronomicalsitedueto

[A]itsgeographicalfeatures

[B]itsprotectivesurroundings.

[C]itsreligiousimplications.

[D]itsexistinginfrastructure.

28.TheconstructionoftheTMTisopposedbysomelocalspartlybecause

[A]itmayriskruiningtheirintellectuallife.

[B]itremindsthemofahumiliatinghistory.

[C]theirculturewillloseachanceofrevival.

[D]theyfearlosingcontrolofMaunaKea.

29.ltcanbeinferredfromParagraph5thatprogressintoday'sastronomy

[A]isfulfillingthedreamsofancientHawaiians.

[B]helpsspreadHawaiiancultureacrosstheworld.

[C]mayuncovertheoriginofHawaiianculture.

[D]willeventuallysoftenHawaiians'hostility.

3O.Theauthor'sattitudetowardchoosingMaunaKeaastheTMTsiteisoneof

[A]severecriticism.

[B]passiveacceptance.

[C]slighthesitancy.

[D]fullapproval.

Text3

RobertF.Kennedyoncesaidthatacountry'sGDPmeasures"everythingexceptthatwhichmakeslife

worthwhile."WithBritainvotingtoleavetheEuropeanUnion,andGDPalreadypredictedtoslowasaresult,itis

nowatimelymomenttoassesswhathewasreferringto.

ThequestionofGDPanditsusefulnesshasannoyedpolicymakersforoverhalfacentury.Manyarguethatit

isaflawedconcept.Itmeasuresthingsthatdonotmatterandmissesthingsthatdo.Bymostrecentmeasures,the

UK*sGDPhasbeentheenvyoftheWesternworld,withrecordlowunemploymentandhighgrowthfigures.If

everythingwasgoingsowell,thenwhydidover17millionpeoplevoteforBrexit,despitethewarningsabout

whatitcoulddototheircountry'seconomicprospects?

Arecentannualstudyofcountriesandtheirabilitytoconvertgrowthintowell-beingshedssomelighton

thatquestion.Acrossthe163countriesmeasured,theUKisoneofthepoorestperformersinensuringthat

economicgrowthistranslatedintomeaningfulimprovementsforitscitizens.RatherthanjustfocusingonGDP,

over40differentsetsofcriteriafromhealth,educationandcivilsocietyengagementhavebeenmeasuredtogeta

moreroundedassessmentofhowcountriesareperforming.

Whileallofthesecountriesfacetheirownchallenges,thereareanumberofconsistentthemes.Yes,there

hasbeenabuddingeconomicrecoverysincethe2008globalcrash,butinkeyindicatorsinareassuchashealth

andeducation,majoreconomieshavecontinuedtodecline.Yetthisisn*tthecasewithallcountries.Some

relativelypoorEuropeancountrieshaveseenhugeimprovementsacrossmeasuresincludingcivilsociety,income

equalityandtheenvironment.

Thisisalessonthatrichcountriescanlearn:WhenGDPisnolongerregardedasthesolemeasureofa

country'ssuccess,theworldlooksverydifferent.

So,whatKennedywasreferringtowasthatwhileGDPhasbeenthemostcommonmethodformeasuringthe

economicactivityofnations,asameasure,itisnolongerenough.Itdoesnotincludeimportantfactorssuchas

environmentalqualityoreducationoutcomes-allthingsthatcontributetoaperson'ssenseofwell-being.

ThesharphittogrowthpredictedaroundtheworldandintheUKcouldleadtoadeclineintheeveryday

serviceswedependonforourwell-beingandforgrowth.Butpolicymakerswhorefocuseffortsonimproving

well-beingratherthansimplyworryingaboutGDPfigurescouldavoidtheforecasteddoomandmayevensee

progress.

31.RobertF.Kennedyiscitedbecausehe

[A]praisedtheUKforitsGDP.

[B]identifiedGDPwithhappiness.

[C]misinterpretedtheroleofGDP.

[D]hadalowopinionofGDP.

32.ltcanbeinferredfromParagraph2that

[A]theUKisreluctanttoremolditseconomicpattern.

[B]GDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydefiedintheUK.

[C]theUKwillcontributelesstotheworldeconomy.

[D]policymakersintheUKarepayinglessattentiontoGDP.

33.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttherecentannualstudy?

[A]Itissponsoredby163countries.

[B]ltexcludesGDPasanindicator.

[C]ltscriteriaarequestionable.

[D]ltsresultsareenlightening.

34.Inthelasttwoparagraphs,theauthorsuggeststhat

[A]theUKispreparingforaneconomicboom.

[B]highGDPforeshadowsaneconomicdecline.

[C]itisessentialtoconsiderfactorsbeyondGDP.

[D]itrequirescautiontohandleeconomicissues.

35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

[A]HighGDPButInadequateWell-being,aUKLesson

[B]GDPFigures,aWindowonGlobalEconomicHealth

[C]RebortF.Kennedy,aTerminatorofGDP

[D]Brexit,theUK'sGatewaytoWell-being

Text4

Inarareunanimousruling,theUSSupremeCourthasoverturnedthecorruptionconvictionofaformer

Virginiagovernor;RobertMcDonnell.Butitdidsowhileholdingitsnoseattheethicsofhisconduct,which

includedacceptinggiftssuchasaRolexwatchandaFerrariautomobilefromacompanyseekingaccessto

government.

Thehighcourt'sdecisionsaidthejudgeinMr.McDonnell'strialfailedtotellajurythatitmustlookonlyat

his"officialacts,"ortheformergovernor'sdecisionson"specific"and"unsettled"issuesrelatedtohisduties.

Merelyhelpingagift-givergainaccesstootherofficials,unlessdonewithclearintenttopressurethose

officials,isnotcorruption,thejusticesfound.

Thecourtdidsuggestthatacceptingfavorsinreturnforopeningdoorsis"distasteful"and"nasty."Butunder

anti-briberylaws,proofmustbemadeofconcretebenefits,suchasapprovalofacontractorregulation.Simply

arrangingameeting,makingaphonecall,orhostinganeventisnotan"officialact*'.

Thecourt'srulingislegallysoundindefiningakindoffavoritismthatisnotcriminal.Electedleadersmustbe

allowedtohelpsupportersdealwithbureaucraticproblemswithoutfearofprosecutionforbribery."Thebasic

compactunderlyingrepresentativegovernment,"wroteChiefJusticeJohnRobertsforthecourt,"assumesthat

publicofficialswillhearfromtheirconstituentsandactontheirconcerns."

Buttherulingreinforcestheneedforcitizensandtheirelectedrepresentatives,notthecourts,toensure

equalityofaccesstogovernment.Officialsmustnotbeallowedtoplayfavoritesinprovidinginformationorin

arrangingmeetingssimplybecauseanindividualorgroupprovidesacampaigndonationorapersonalgift.This

typeofintegrityrequireswell-enforcedlawsingovernmenttransparency,suchasrecordsofofficialmeetings,

rulesonlobbying,andinformationabouteachelectedleader'ssourceofwealth.

Favoritisminofficialaccesscanfanpublicperceptionsofcorruption.Butitisnotalwayscorruption.Rather

officialsmustavoiddoublestandards,ordifferenttypesofaccessforaveragepeopleandthewealthy.If

connectionscanbebought,abasicpremiseofdemocraticsociety-thatallareequalintreatmentbygovernment-is

undermined.Goodgovernancerestsonanunderstandingoftheinherentworthofeachindividual.

Thecourt'srulingisastepforwardinthestruggleagainstbothcorruptionandofficialfavoritism.

36.Theunderminedsentence(Para.l)mostprobablyshowsthatthecourt

[A]avoideddefiningtheextentofMcDonnell'sduties.

[B]madenocompromiseinconvictingMcDonnell.

[C]wascontemptuousofMcDonnell'sconduct.

[D]refusedtocommentonMcDonnell'sethics.

37.AccordingtoParagraph4,anofficialactisdeemedcorruptiveonlyifitinvolves

[A]leakingsecretsintentionally.

[B]sizablegainsintheformofgifts.

[C]concretereturnsforgift-givers.

[D]breakingcontractsofficially.

38.Thecourt'srulingisbasedontheassumptionthatpublicofficialsare

[A]justifiedinaddressingtheneedsoftheirconstituents.

[B]qualifiedtodealindependentlywithbureaucraticissues.

[C]allowedtofocusontheconcernsoftheirsupporters.

[D]exemptfromconvictiononthechargeoffavoritism.

39.Well-enforcedlawsingovernmenttransparencyareneededto

[A]awakentheconscienceofofficials.

[B]guaranteefairplayinofficialaccess.

[C]allowforcertainkindsoflobbying.

[D]inspirehopesinaveragepeople.

40.Theauthor'sattitudetowardthecourt'srulingis

[A]sarcastic.

[B]tolerant.

[C]skeptical.

[D]supportive

PartB

Directions:

Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganize

theseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA-Gtofillingthemintothenumberedbox.

ParagraphsBandDhavebeencorrectlyplaced.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.(10points)

[A]Thefirstpublishedsketch,"ADinneratPoplarWalk"broughttearstoDickens'seyeswhenhediscoveredit

inthepagesofTheMonthlyMagazine.Fromthenonhissketches,whichappearedunderthepenname"Boz'*in

TheEveningChronicle,earnedhimamodestreputation.

[B]TherunawaysuccessofThePickwickPapers,asitisgenerallyknowntoday,securedDickens'sfame.There

werePickwickcoatsandPickwickcigars,andtheplump,spectacledhero,SamuelPickwick,becameanational

figure.

[C]SoonafterSketchesbyBozappeared,apublishingfirmapproachedDickenstowriteastoryinmonthly

installments,asabackdropforaseriesofwoodcutsbytheten-famousartistRobertSeymour,whohadoriginated

theideaforthestory.Withcharacteristicconfidence,DickenssuccessfullyinsistedthatSeymour'spictures

illustratehisownstoryinstead.Afterthefirstinstallment,Dickenswrotetotheartistandaskedhimtocorrecta

drawingDickensfeltwasnotfaithfulenoughtohisprose.Seymourmadethechange,wentintohisbackyard,and

expressedhisdispleasurebycommittingsuicide.Dickensandhispublisherssimplypressedonwithanewartist.

Thecomicnovel,ThePosthumousPapersofthePickwickClub,appearedseriallyin1836and1837,andwasfirst

publishedinbookformin1837.

[D]CharlesDickensisprobablythebest-knownand,tomanypeople,thegreatestEnglishnovelistofthe19th

century.Amoralist,satirist,andsocialreformer.Dickenscraftedcomplexplotsandstrikingcharactersthatcapture

thepanoramaofEnglishsociety.

[E]Soonafterhisfather'sreleasefromprison,Dickensgotabetterjobaserrandboyinlawoffices.Hetaught

himselfshorthandtogetanevenbetterjoblaterasacourtstenographerandasareporterinParliament.Atthe

sametime,Dickens,whohadareporter'seyefortranscribingthelifearoundhimespeciallyanythingcomicorodd,

submittedshortsketchestoobscuremagazines.

[F]DickenswasborninPortsmouth,onEngland'ssoutherncoast.HisfatherwasaclerkintheBritishnavy

payoffice-arespectableposition,butwishlittlesocialstatus.Hispaternalgrandparents,astewardanda

housekeeperpossessedevenlessstatus,havingbeenservants,andDickenslaterconcealedtheirbackground.

Dicken'smothersupposedlycamefromamorerespectablefamily.YettwoyearsbeforeDicken'sbirth,his

mother'sfatherwascaughtstealingandfledtoEurope,nevertoreturn.Thefamily'sincreasingpovertyforced

Dickensoutofschoolatage12toworkinWarren'sBlackingWarehouse,ashoe-polishfactory,wheretheother

workingboysmockedhimas*'theyounggentleman,"Hisfatherwasthenimprisonedfordebt.Thehumiliationsof

hisfather'simprisonmentandhislaborintheblackingfactoryformedDicken'sgreatestwoundandbecamehis

deepestsecret.Hecouldnotconfidethemeventohiswife,althoughtheyprovidetheunacknowledged

foundationofhisfiction.

[G]AfterPickwick,Dickensplungedintoableakerworld.InOliverTwist,etracesanorphan'sprogressfrom

theworkhousetothecriminalslumsofLondon.NicholasNickleby,hisnextnovel,combinesthedarknessofOliver

TwistwiththesunlightofPickwick.ThepopularityofthesenovelsconsolidatedDichens'asanationallyand

internationallycelebratedmanofletters.

D-4Lf42.f43.f44.-B-45.

【答案】

41.[F]DickenswasborninPortsmouth

42.[E]Soonafterhisfather'sreleasefromprison

43.[A]Thefirstpublishedsketch

44.[C]SoonafterSketchesbyBozappeared

45.[G]AfterPickwick,Dickensplungedintoableakerworld

PartC

Directions:

ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.Yourtranslation

shouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

ThegrowthoftheuseofEnglishastheworld'sprimarylanguageforinternationalcommunicationhas

obviouslybeencontinuingforseveraldecades.

(46)ButevenasthenumberofEnglishspeakersexpandsfurthertherearesignsthattheglobalpredominance

ofthelanguagemayfadewithintheforeseeablefuture.

Complexinternational,economic,technologicalandculturechangecouldstarttodiminishtheleading

positionofEnglishasthelanguageoftheworldmarket,andUKinterestswhichenjoyadvantagefromthebreath

ofEnglishusagewouldconsequentlyfacenewpressures.Thoserealisticpossibilitiesarehighlightedinthestudy

presentedbyDavidGraddol

(47)Hisanalysisshouldthereforeendanyself-contentednessamongthosewhomaybelievethattheglobal

positionofEnglishissostablethattheyounggenerationoftheUnitedKingdomdonotneedadditionallanguage

capabilities.

DavidGraddolconcludesthatmonoglotEnglishgraduatesfaceableakeconomicfutureasqualified

multilingualyoungstersfromothercountriesareprovingtohaveacompetitiveadvantageovertheirBritish

counterpartsinglobalcompaniesandorganizations.Alongsidethat,(48)manycountriesareintroducingEnglish

intotheprimary-schoolcurriculumbutBritishschoolchildrenandstudentsdonotappeartobegaininggreater

encouragementtoachievefluencyinotherlanguages.

Iflefttothemselves,suchtrendswilldiminishtherelativestrengthoftheEnglishlanguageininternational

educationmarketsasthedemandforeducationalresourcesinlanguages,suchasSpanish,ArabicorMandarin

growsandinternationalbusinessprocessoutsourcinginotherlanguagesuchasJapanese,FrenchandGerman,

spreads.

(49)ThechangesidentifiedbyDavidGraddolallpresentclearandmajorchallengestoUK'sprovidersof

Englishlanguageteachingtopeopleofothercountriesandtobroadereducationbusinesssectors.TheEnglish

languageteachingsectordirectlyearnsnearly&1.3billionfortheUKininvisibleexportsandourothereducation

relatedexploresearnupto&10billionayearmore.Astheinternationaleducationmarketexpands,therecent

slowdowninthenumberofinternationalstudentsstudyinginthemainEnglish-speakingcountriesislikelyto

continue,especiallyiftherearenoeffectivestrategicpoliciestopreventsuchslippage.

Theanticipationofpossibleshiftsindemandprovidedbythisstudyissignificant:(50)Itgivesabasistoall

organizationwhichseektopromotethelearningandverydifferentoperatingenvironment.Thatisanecessary

andpracticalapproach.Inthisasinmuchelse,thosewhowishtoinfluencethefuturemustprepareforit.

【答案】

(46)但是即使当下英语使用者的人群还在进一步扩大，有迹象表明：在可预见的未来，英语可能会逐

渐失去其全球主导地位。

(47)因此，对于那些认为英语的国际地位无懈可击、甚至觉得他们的年青后辈们不需要学习其他语言

的人而言，他的分析可能会给他们的骄傲自大画上一个句号。

(48