2024年高考英语全程考评特训卷一模检测卷二含解析

PAGEPAGE19一模检测卷(二)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A[2024·合肥市高三教学质量检测]Insteadofpayingtoshiptheitemsyoudon'tneedtoyournewhome,whynotdonatethem?Youroldhouseholdgoodslikefurniturewillgotoanewhomewheretheywillbeappreciated.Herearesomecharitiesthatmighthelp.FurnitureBankNetworkFurnitureBankNetworkhelpspeoplefurnishtheirhomeswithpracticalsecondhanditemsdonatedbypeoplewithinthecommunity.Taxreceiptsforthevalueofthedonateditemsaregiventodonors(捐赠者).Recipientsgetthefurnitureforfree.PeoplecangetfurnishingsfromtheirlocalFurnitureBankonlyiftheyarereferredtotheorganizationthroughoneofitssocialservicepartners.Italsoencouragesapplicantstohelptheorganizationwithvolunteerwork.HabitatforHumanityHabitatforHumanityisaglobalnon­profit.Itcollectsmonetarydonationstobuildandremodelaffordablehousingsothatthoseinneedcanapplyforit.YoucanalsodonatefurnitureandotherhouseholdgoodstoHabitatforHumanity.Itresellstheseitemsinhomeimprovementstoresandusesthemoneytofunditshumanitarianefforts.GoodwillGoodwillresellsdonatedfurnitureandotherhouseholditemstofunditscharitableobjectives.Goodwillusesitsearningstoprovidecareertrainingandemploymentassistanceforunemployedindividuals.Italsooffersdiscountstothepeopleenrolledinitstrainingprograms,allowingthemtoaffordablyfurnishtheirhomesandbuyclothesfortheirfamilies.PickUpMyDonationPickUpMyDonationisn'tactuallyadonationcenteranditdoesn'tpickupyourdonations.Instead,ithelpsyoufindlocalnon­profitsandcharityshopsthatdo.Ifyourdonationisn'tlargeenoughforalocalnon­profittosendatruck,PickUpMyDonationcanstillhelp.Thecompanywillputyouintouchwithalocalmovingcompanytopickupyourdonationandtakeittoanearbycenter.1．WhatisamustforgettingfurnishingsfromalocalFurnitureBank?A．Ataxreceiptfortheitem.B．Membershipofthecommunity.C．Arecommendationfromitspartner.D．Volunteerworkfortheorganization.2．Whichcharityofferscareerassistancetoalaid­offworker?A．Goodwill.B．PickUpMyDonation.C．HabitatforHumanity.D．FurnitureBankNetwork.3．WhatdoweknowaboutPickUpMyDonation?A．Itprovidesaffordablehousing.B．Itisalocalmovingcompany.C．Itonlypicksuplargedonations.D．Ithelpsdonorsfindacharityshop.B[2024·昆明市高考模拟]I'dneverheardoftheyangqin—an18thcenturyChinesestringedinstrument—untilthispastSunday,whenIhadthepleasureofhearingEastmangraduateandmusicperformerZhangWenzhuoperformonitinavirtualconcert.Wenzhuo,aChinesenative,beganhertrainingontheyangqinatagefive.Whenshewasonly13,WenzhuowasawardedascholarshiptotheArtsSchoolofHebeiProvince;thehighlycompetitiveprogramonlyacceptedasingleyangqinstudenteverytwoyears.Aftergraduation,sheplacedfirstinnationwidecompetitionsandwasadmittedintotheNationalAcademyofChineseTheatreArtsinBeijing,whereshewasawardedherbachelor'sinyangqinperformancein2005.SheobtainedherdoctoratefromBostonUniversityinmusiceducationin2015andstudiedethnomusicologyatEastmanfrom2017to2024.Wenzhuohasperformedwithcountlessorchestrasandgroupsofmusiciansandwoncountlessawardsforherperformances.BeforeWenzhuoperformedonheryangqin,shepresentedabriefhistoricalbackgroundoftheinstrument'sorigin,anddiscusseditscontinuedusageuptothepresentday.Determinedbymusicologiststobebasedonthesimilarly­structuredEnglishhammereddulcimer(大扬琴),theyangqinwasfirstusedinChinesefolkmusicperformanceandoperas.Astimewenton,performancesbegantobesponsoredbythecountry,andyangqinperformersweregivenapathtohigherlevelsofsocialmobility.Wenzhuoperformedfourpieces,threetracingtheiroriginstocenturies'oldChinesecomposers,andonefromthemodernera.Needlesstosay,Wenzhuo'sperformancessoundedfantastic.Theyangqinisauniqueandbeautifulinstrumentanditssound,coupledwithWenzhuo'smusicalability,allowedthefourgreatlydifferingpiecestostandtogetherasawonderfulintroductiontotheinstrument.ItwasfascinatingtolearnabouttheyangqinandajoytowatchWenzhuoperformonit.4．WhatcanwelearnaboutZhangWenzhuo?A．Shehasbeentrainedfor13years.B．Shetoppedmanycompetitions.C．ShestudiedethnomusicologyinBoston.D．ShebecameabacheloratEastman.5．WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A．Wenzhuo'spersonalities.B．Wenzhuo'snationality.C．Wenzhuo'scontributions.D．Wenzhuo'sschooling.6．WhatmadeWenzhuo'sperformancesfantastic?A．Herhighlevelofsocialmobility.B．Herknowledgeoftheinstrument.C．Hergiftandthecharmoftheyangqin.D．Herunderstandingofdifferentcultures.7．Howdoestheauthorsoundtowardtheyangqin?A．Favorable.B．Curious.C．Strange.D．Cold.C[2024·苏州市高三调研]Atfirst,Ididn'trecognizethesymptomsthatweallhadincommon.Friendsmentionedthattheywerehavingtroubleconcentrating.Itwasn'tburnout—westillhadenergy.Itwasn'tdepression—wedidn'tfeelhopeless.Wejustfeltsomewhatjoylessandaimless.Itturnsoutthatthere'sanameforthat:languishing.Languishingisasenseofinactivityandemptiness.Itfeelsasifyou'remuddling(混淆)yourdays,lookingatyourlifethroughafoggywindshield(挡风玻璃).Inpsychology,wethinkaboutmentalhealthonaspectrum(范围)fromdepressiontoflourishing(旺盛).Flourishingisthepeakofwell­being.Depressionisthevalleyofill­being.Languishingistheneglectedmiddlechildofmentalhealth.It'stheemptinessbetweendepressionandflourishing—theabsenceofwell­being.You'renotfunctioningatfullcapacity.Languishingdullsyourmotivation,disruptsyourabilitytofocus,andgreatlyincreasesthepossibilitythatyou'llcutbackonwork.Partofthedangeristhatwhenyou'relanguishing,youmightnotnoticethedullingofdelightorthedecreasingofdrive.Youdon'tcatchyourselfslippingslowlyintoaloneness;you'reindifferenttoyourindifference.Whenyoucan'tseeyourownsuffering,youdon'tseekhelporevendomuchtohelpyourself.Sowhatcanwedoaboutit?Peoplewhobecomemorefocusedontheirworkmanagetoavoidlanguishing.Interruptedattentionisanenemyofengagementandexcellence.Togobeyondlanguishing,giveyourselfsomeuninterruptedtime.Itclearsoutconstantdistractions(使人分心的事)andgivesusthefreedomtofocus.Andtrystartingwithsmallwinsbyfocusingonachallengethatmatterstoyou—aninterestingproject,aworthwhilegoal,orameaningfulconversation.Westillhavealottolearnaboutwhatcauseslanguishingandhowtocureit,butnamingitmightbeafirststep.Itcouldhelptodefogourvision,givingusaclearerwindowintowhathasbeenanunclearexperience.Itcouldremindusthatweweren'talone:languishingiscommonandshared.Byacknowledgingthatsomanyofusarelanguishing,wecanstartgivingvoicetoquietdespairandlightingapathoutoftheemptiness.8．Whichdefinitionbestsuitstheword“languishing”？A．Feelingexhaustedandwithouthope.B．Becomingweakerorfailingtoimprove.C．Makingsomeonewanttoachievesomething.D．Goingbeyondtheusuallimitsofsomething.9．Whichofthefollowingcanbedescribedaslanguishing?A.Seekinghelpwhenyouaresuffering.B．Realizingthatyouarenotaloneindespair.C．Givingyourselfsomeuninterruptedtime.D．Beingindifferenttoyourlackofenthusiasm.10．Whatcouldpsychologistsdotohelpsolvetheproblemsoflanguishing?A．Givepeoplemorefreedom.B．Seeitasdepression.C．Nameitclearly.D．Removeitfromaspectrum.11．Whyisitsignificanttoknowlanguishingiscommonandshared?A．Wecanletthesilentdespairspeakupandfindawayout.B.Wecancontinuetolearnmoreaboutlanguishing.C．Wecanseeitasbasicallythesameasdepression.D．Wecanstudyitasthecompleteoppositeofflourishing.D[2024·海口市高考调研考试]Whenmostofusthinkofsand,weimmediatelythinkofsunnybeachesandsummerholidays.Butactuallyit'sinprettymucheverythingthatsurroundsusinoureverydaylives.Fromthewallsofourhomestotheglassbottlesinourkitchensandeventhemobilephonesinourhands,sandisthesecondmostusedresourceintheworldafterwater:itaccountsformorethantwo­thirdsofeverythingthat'sbeingdugoutoftheground.Butthereisn'talimitlesssupply.Infact,aUNreportsayswemightberunningout.Accordingtothereport,weuseanestimated15billiontonsofsandeveryyearintheconstructionindustryalone.That'senoughtobuilda20m×20mwallaroundtheequatoreveryyear.However,sandcantaketensofthousandsofyearstoform:theprocessstartswithrockbeingeroded(侵蚀)inthemountainsandends,eventually,withsandbeinginriverbedsandontheseafloor.Sandisheavyanddifficulttotransport,soindevelopingcountries,sandisoftenminedfromthenearestconvenientsource,andquiteoftenthatmeansariverbedorbeach.Butbeachesandriversaredelicatelybalancedecosystemsandwhenalargeamountofsandisremoved,thebalanceisupset.Thesmallestfish,whicheatorganicmattersonthesandinriverbeds,isthebaseofthefoodchaininariver.Ifthissandisremoved,soisthesourceoffoodforthe__bottom__feeders.Allorganismsinafoodchainsharethejoysandthesorrows.Thus,whentheydisappear,sodoesthefoodforthelargerfishwhichwouldhavebeencaughtandeaten,orsoldbyfishermen.Itishightimewetookintoconsiderationthebigproblemsconcerningthetinythings.Moreandmoreconservationistsarecallingforalternativestoreplacesandespeciallyintheconstructionindustry.12．Whyarethethingsinourdailylifementionedinthebeginning?A．Toshowtheusesofsand.B．Toindicateourrelationshipwithnature.C．Tointroduceourlifestyles.D．Tostresstheconvenienceofmodernlife.13．WhatdoestheUNreportimply?A．Sandisactuallyourmostusednaturalresource.B．Sandisusedmorequicklythanit'sformed.C．Theconstructionindustrydoesn'tusesandwisely.D．Theproblemofwashingsandisworsening.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thebottomfeeders”inParagraph3referto?A．Theriverbeds.B．Thefishermen.C．Thelargerfish.D．Thesmallestfish.15．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheworldisrunningoutofsandB．AlternativestoreplacesandwillbefoundsoonC．SandminingisunfriendlytonatureD．Sandisinneedofimmediateconservation

其次节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。[2024·南京市高三第三次模拟考试]Animportantpartofraisingyourchildrenisteachingthemgoodmannersasithelpsthembemoresuccessfulinlife.__16__Herearesome“old­fashioned”butimportantmannersforyourmodernkids.Saying“thankyou”toserviceworkersSaying“thankyou”isthebaseofallgoodmannersbutthesedaysmanychildrenoverlookthankingthepeoplethathelptheminmanywayseachday,likewaitstaff,storeclerks,andbusdrivers.It'snotjustaboutpolitenessbutaboutteachingchildrentorecognizeandacknowledgeothers'contributionsasvaluable.__17__TakingturnstalkingTeachyourchildrentotapyourarmandthenwaitpatientlyforyoutoacknowledgethembeforespeaking.Iftheydointerrupt,calmlytellthemit'srudetointerruptandletthemknowyou'llacknowledgethemshortly.__18__Offeryourchildrenthesamepolitenessanddon'tinterruptthemwhenit'stheirturntotalk.Usingtheirindoorvoices__19__Aparentshouldteachtheirchildrenearlyonhowtomoderatetheirvolumeandtonebasedonthesituation.Youcanmakeitintoafungameforlittleones,likeseeingwhocanwhisperthequietestatacinema.CoveringacoughorsneezeThesedaysit'smoreimportantthanevertoteachchildrentocoughorsneezeintoatissueortheirelbow.It'snotjustamatterofhygiene(卫生)—nooneenjoysgettingsprayed.__20__Don'tforgettoteachthemtosay“excuseme”after.A．Rememberitgoesbothways.B．Consequentlyitmakesothersfeelcaredabout.C．Gamesareveryimportantforchildren'sgoodmanners.D．Crying,laughing,orjusttalking,childrencanbeveryloud.E．Lackingbasicmannerswillaffectkidsinallareasoftheirlives.F．Itisalsoawaytohelpothersfeelsafeandcomfortablearoundyou.G．Eventuallyit'saboutteachingthemnottotreatothersastheirservants.其次部分语言学问运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AlisonMalmonwasafreshmanwhenshegotacallfromhermother:Herfun,outgoingolderbrother,Brian,hadtakenhisown__21__.WhenMalmonreturnedtoschoolafterBrian'sfuneralthatspringof2000,shewasstill__22__.Butwhenshelookedforhelponcampus,therewasnobodyto__23__.Backthen,saidMalmon,“Studentsweren'tencouragedtotalkabouttheirworriesabout__24__.Istarted__25__onthefactthattherewasagreatneedtogivehelp.”Shewasonly19andhadno__26__withmentalhealthissues,butthatdidn't__27__herfromlaunchingOpenMindsatPenn.Now,20yearslaterandwithanewname—ActiveMinds—itisthelargestyoungadultmentalhealthadvocacy__28__inAmerica.“WhatI'mmost__29__byisthatmygenerationandthegenerationscomingbehindmearetakingonmentalhealthasasocialjustice__30__，”saysMalmon.“Ourtoolsarechangingnotonlytheircampuses,butthey're__31__theirfamiliestoo.”ActiveMinds'techniquesaremore__32__thanever.Asurveyfoundthat45percentofthestudentsreportedfeelingso__33__inthepreviousmonthsthatitwasdifficulttofunction;66percentfeltoverwhelminganxiety;and13percent__34__consideredsuicide.Malmon'sgoalhasalwaysbeento__35__theprejudiceagainstmentalillness,thelanguageand__36__thewordweusetotalkaboutit.__37__theword“suicide”forexample.Youdon'tsay“commitaheartattackorcancer”，butyouwillsay“commitsuicide”.“Suicideistheonlydeathwhereweusethatpejorative(贬损的)word，”shesays.“Ifwetakethat__38__outofourconversation,wecanmakesignificantchangesinhowwe__39__suicide.Ifwechange,wecangivethepeoplethe__40__theyreachoutfor.”21．A.life B．businessC．opportunityD．decision22．A.inhighspirits B．indeepsorrowC．atriskD．atrest23．A.pickup B．takeoverC．showoffD．turnto24．A.financialissuesB．academiclearningC．mentalhealthD．physicalhealth25．A.callingB．insistingC．dependingD．reflecting26．A.experienceB．proposal C．opinionD．duty27．A.banB．stopC．protectD．defend28．A.corporationB．branchC．organizationD．institute29．A.discouragedB．affectedC．inspiredD．astonished30．A.focusB．practiceC．responsibilityD．issue31．A.challengingB．changingC．connectingD．ruining32．A.vitalB．complexC．casualD．simple33．A.confusedB．depressedC．relievedD．satisfied34．A.partlyB．totallyC．slightlyD．seriously35．A.removeB．ignoreC．understandD．advocate36．A.alsoB．evenC．stillD．ever37．A.TakeB．UseC．ChooseD．Throw38．A.phraseB．wordC．sentenceD．grammar39．A.approveofB．giveupC．thinkaboutD．makeout40．A.confidenceB．gratefulnessC．admirationD．assistance其次节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。[2024·西安高三第一学期检测试题]JiangPeilanteachesvisitorshowtomake41.________(tradition)ChinesecalligraphybrushesatapopulartouristattractioninGuangxiZhuangautonomousregion.Jiang,inher50s,is42.________expertinmakingtheGuilin­stylebrushesbyhand,atechnique43.________(list)asaregional­levelintangibleculturalheritage(非物质文化遗产).HercoursesareheldinaculturalheritageexperiencecenteratamajortouristdrawinGuilincitythat44.________(feature)severalscenicriversandlakes.Jiangregardshercourses,wherevisitorslearntomake45.________(them)ownwritingbrushesunderherguidance,asagoodwaytopreserveandpromoteafadingartthatisbecomingless46.________(appeal)amongyoungpeopleinthedigitalage.Jiangbeganteachingbrush­makingattheexperiencecenterlastyearatthe47.________(invite)ofalocalculturalcompany48.________runsthefacility.Shesometimesgivesmorethanfivelecturesonweekendsorholidaystomeetthegrowingdemandfromtourists.Thecenterprovidesthegeneralpublicwithaccess49.________culturalheritage.ExperiencecentersfocusingonintangibleculturalheritagehavemushroomedacrossChina.InGuangxialone,atotalof368suchcenters50.________(come)intoexistencesince2009.Expertsbelievetheexplodingpopularityofsuchexperiencecentersispartofalargertrendthathasseenagrowingfocusontradition.第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。留意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Challengesoflifeareofgreatimportanceinpersonalgrow.TheyremindmeofmydayswhenIjoininthemilitarytraininginseniorhighschool.Liveawayfrommyhomeforthefirsttime,Ifoundlifethereabitdifficulttogetused.Andthetrainingofficerwasstrictwithher.IoncethoughtIcouldn'tbesticktoit.Butanyway,Isucceeded.Thetrainingmadememuchstrongtoadapttolifethanbefore,butIthinkthedifficultieshavenowbecomeapreciousmemoryinmylife.Inshort,learningtoregardthechallengesoflifeasasteppingstonetofuturesuccessandmakeabestofthem.其次节书面表达(满分25分)[2024·山西省名校三模]你校英文网站Health专栏举办“睡眠与健康”征文，请你写一篇短文投稿。要点包括：1．睡眠的现状；2．良好睡眠的意义；3．你的建议。留意：1．词数100左右；2．可适当增加细微环节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一模检测卷(二)第一部分阅读理解第一节A语篇类型：应用文主题语境：人与社会——社会服务——慈善机构【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了四家可以供应捐赠服务的慈善机构。1．答案与解析：C考查理解详细信息的实力。依据FurnitureBankNetwork部分中的“PeoplecangetfurnishingsfromtheirlocalFurnitureBankonlyiftheyarereferredtotheorganizationthroughoneofitssocialservicepartners”可知，要想获得当地FurnitureBank的家具陈设，必须要有其合作伙伴的举荐，故C项正确。2．答案与解析：A考查理解详细信息的实力。依据Goodwill部分中的“Goodwillusesitsearningstoprovidecareertrainingandemploymentassistanceforunemployedindividuals”可知，Goodwill会为下岗人员供应职业救济，所以A项正确。3．答案与解析：D考查理解详细信息的实力。依据PickUpMyDonation中的“PickUpMyDonationisn'tactuallyadonationcenteranditdoesn'tpickupyourdonations.Instead,ithelpsyoufindlocalnon­profitsandcharityshopsthatdo”可知，PickUpMyDonation会帮助捐赠者找到慈善商店，故D项正确。B语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我——音乐文化——有幸观赏音乐演奏家张文卓演奏扬琴【语篇解读】本文通过音乐演奏家张文卓呈现的一场扬琴视听大宴介绍了她的音乐成长之路及获得的成果。4．答案与解析：B考查理解详细信息的实力。依据其次段中的“thehighlycompetitiveprogramonlyacceptedasingleyangqinstudenteverytwoyears”和“sheplacedfirstinnationwidecompetitions”以及“woncountlessawards”可知，她在很多竞赛中名列前茅。故B项正确。5．答案与解析：D考查理解主旨要义的实力。依据其次段中的一些用词和时间标记，如：beganhertraining,ascholarship,student,graduation,wasadmittedinto,bachelor,musiceducation可知，其次段主要讲解并描述她的学习生涯，故D项正确。6．答案与解析：C考查理解详细信息的实力。依据第四段尾句可知，扬琴是一种独特而漂亮的乐器，其独特的魅力，加上文卓的音乐天才，使得演出特别精彩。故C正确。7．答案与解析：A考查推断的实力。依据第五段中的“Itwasfascinatingtolearnabouttheyangqin”可知，作者特别赞许扬琴。A项意为“赞成的，赞许的”；B项意为“新奇的”。故A项正确。C语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——社会现象——“丧”【语篇解读】本文主要就组织心理学家AdamGrant于2024年在《纽约时报》上发表的一篇文章中的词汇——languishing进行描述。该词用于描述人们心很累、毫无斗志、浑浑噩噩度日的生活状态。8．答案与解析：B考查推断的实力。依据第一段中的“Wejustfeltsomewhatjoylessandaimless”和第三段中的“Languishingisasenseofinactivityandemptiness”可以推断，“丧”描述的是漫无目的、百无聊赖和空虚颓废的状况，故B项正确。[干扰项分析]依据第一段第三句和第四段最终一句可解除A、C、D项。9．答案与解析：D考查推断的实力。依据第五段中的“you'reindifferenttoyourindifference”可以推断，对自己缺乏热忱的状况冷漠属于“丧”的症状，故D项正确。10．答案与解析：C考查理解详细信息的实力。依据第七段中的“namingitmightbeafirststep...languishingiscommonandshared”可知，清晰地给这种状态命名会是解决这个问题的第一步，故C项正确。11．答案与解析：A考查理解详细信息的实力。依据最终一段中的“Byacknowledgingthat...wecanstartgivingvoicetoquietdespairandlightingapathoutoftheemptiness”可知，承认“丧”的普遍性有助于人们表达自己的无望并找到解决问题的方法，故A项正确。D语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然——自然资源——沙子并非取之不尽，用之不竭【语篇解读】一提到沙子，大家立马会想到沙滩和假期，但是事实上沙子的用途特别广泛。于是，有人认为沙子是取之不尽的。但是，依据联合国的一份报告，大自然中的沙子须要很长时间才能形成，人们采沙的速度远过于此。大自然中的沙子快要用光了，这将影响鱼类的生存，须要引起我们的留意。12．答案与解析：A考查推断的实力。依据第一段中的“sandisthesecondmostusedresourceintheworldafterwater...outoftheground.”可知，提到沙子的目的是说明沙子的用途广泛。13．答案与解析：B考查推断的实力。依据其次段中的“Accordingtothereport,weuseanestimated15billiontonsofsandeveryyearintheconstructionindustryalone...toform”可知，作者进行了数据对比，这份报告示意我们运用沙子的速度远超过沙子形成的速度。14．答案与解析：D考查理解词汇的实力。依据第三段中的“Thesmallestfish...soisthesourceoffoodforthebottomfeeders”可看出，最小的鱼是食物链的底端即bottomfeeders。15．答案与解析：A考查理解文章主旨要义的实力。依据文章内容尤其是第一段中的“Butthereisn'talimitlesssupply.Infact,aUNreportsayswemightberunningout”可知，本篇主要是说沙子这一资源快消耗完了。其次节语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——人际沟通——让孩子更有教养的礼仪【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了几种让孩子更有教养的礼仪，包括对服务人员说“感谢”、不打断对方说话、留意公共场合的宁静、咳嗽或打喷嚏时掩面。16．答案与解析：E考查上下文连接。依据空处上句“Animportantpartofraisingyourchildrenisteachingthemgoodmannersasithelpsthembemoresuccessfulinlife”可知，抚养孩子的一个重要部分是教他们良好的举止，因为这有助于他们在生活中更胜利。结合下句内容可知，空处与此对应，说明缺乏教养的孩子在生活中的各方面都会受到影响，故E项正确。17．答案与解析：G考查上下文连接。依据空处上句“It'snotjustaboutpolitenessbutaboutteachingchildrentorecognizeandacknowledgeothers'contributionsasvaluable”可知，这不仅仅是关于礼貌，而是关于教孩子相识和承认别人的贡献是有价值的。据此可以推知，空处与此对应，说明不要将服务人员当作自己的仆人，故G项正确。18．答案与解析：A考查上下文连接。该句起到承上启下的作用，依据空处上句“Iftheydointerrupt,calmlytellthemit'srudetointerruptandletthemknowyou'llacknowledgethemshortly”可知，假如他们真的打断了你，要冷静地告知他们打断别人讲话是不礼貌的；依据空处下句“Offeryourchildrenthesamepolitenessanddon'tinterruptthemwhenit'stheirturntotalk”可知，同样礼貌地对待你的孩子，当轮到他们说话时不要打断他们。据此可知，空处说明轮番发言是双向的、相互的，故A项正确。19．答案与解析：D考查上下文连接。依据空处下句“Aparentshouldteachtheirchildrenearlyonhowtomoderatetheirvolumeandtonebasedonthesituation”可知，父母应当尽早教他们的孩子如何依据状况调整说话音量和语调。据此可知，空处描述的是孩子们大声讲话的状况，D项意为“哭，笑，或只是说话，孩子可能会特别大声”与此处匹配。20．答案与解析：F考查上下文连接。依据上句“It'snotjustamatterofhygiene(卫生)—nooneenjoysgettingsprayed”可知，这不仅仅是卫生问题，因为没有人喜爱被别人对着打喷嚏。据此可以推知，空处与句中的“notjust”对应，说明掩面咳嗽和打喷嚏的好处，即让你四周的人感到平安且舒适。F项中的also与此句对应。故F项正确。其次部分语言学问运用第一节语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与社会——帮助他人——建立组织帮助须要心理救济的人们【语篇解读】本文讲解并描述了一名名叫AlisonMalmon的女生在大一时，因痛失自己挚爱的哥哥而产生了心理问题，但却没能得到帮助。由于这样的经验，她确定建立OpenMinds来帮助须要心理救济的人们。后来这个组织发展壮大，改名为ActiveMinds。考点分布：动词(短语)8个，名词(短语)7个，形容词2个，副词2个，介词短语1个。21．答案与解析：A考查语境推断。依据其次段中的“WhenMalmonreturnedtoschoolafterBrian'sfuneralthatspringof2000”可知，Malmon参与了哥哥的葬礼，由此可推知哥哥自杀了，即结束了自己的生命。故选A项。22．答案与解析：B'考查常识推断。依据空前信息可知，哥哥自杀了，推断Malmon仍处于哀思之中。故选B项。23．答案与解析：D'考查语境推断。依据上文中的“Butwhenshelookedforhelponcampus”可知，Malmon想寻求帮助，却没有人帮她。turnto“向……求助”。A项意为“营救”；B项意为“接管”；C项意为“炫耀”。故选D项。24．答案与解析：C'考查语境推断。依据第三段首句“Shewasonly19andhadno__26__withmentalhealthissues”可知，此处应是学校里的学生不被激励去谈论自己的心理健康问题。C项意为“心理健康”，故选C项。25．答案与解析：D'考查语境推断。依据第三段第一句中的“launchingOpenMindsatPenn”可知，Malmon建立了组织，故此处应是Malmon想到有很多人须要得到帮助。reflecton“仔细思索，深思”；callon“号召”；insiston“坚持”；dependon“依靠”。故选D项。26．答案与解析：A'考查语境推断。依据第三段第一句中的“launchingOpenMindsatPenn”可知，Malmon建立了组织，再结合空前的Malmon才19岁可推知，此处表示她虽没有应对心理问题的阅历，但这并没有阻挡她建立这个组织。A项意为“阅历”；B项意为“提议”；C项意为“看法”；D项意为“责任”。故选A项。27．答案与解析：B'考查逻辑推断。参见上题解析。28．答案与解析：C'考查语境推断。依据上文可知，20年后，OpenMinds发展成为美国最大的青年心理健康提倡组织。A项意为“公司”；B项意为“分支”；C项意为“组织”；D项意为“机构”