人教版（2019）高中英语必修第一册Unit 1 Teenage life单元测试卷（含答案解析）

第第页人教版（2019）高中英语必修第一册Unit1Teenagelife单元测试卷(考试时间：100分钟，满分：120分)注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AGoddingtonTheaterTheGoddingtonTheaterTicketOfficeisopenfrom10a．m．until4p．m．MondaytoFriday，andforhalfanhourintheeveningbeforetheadvertisedstarttimeofeachperformance．Telephonebookings*YourticketsareheldattheTicketOfficeforyoutocollector，ifyouprefer，acharge（费用）of35centsismadetopostthemtoyouifyoupaybycash．We'llpostthemtoyouforfreeifyoubookbycreditcard．Noextracharge．Postalbookings*YoucanwritetotheTicketOfficerequestingtickets，ortoconfirmareservation．WheretofindGoddingtonTheater*GoddingtonTheatercanbefoundwithintheGoddingtonUniversitysite，nexttothecarpark，whichisavailableforpublicuseafter5p．m．onweekdaysandalldayonweekends．Iftravellingbycar*ComingfromthesouthendofPrincesStreet，youwillseethelibraryonyourright．NexttothelibraryisGoddingtonUniversity．Takethenextturningontheright，thenfirstrightintothecarparkgatestraightaheadofyou，stoppingascloseaspossibletotheorangemachine．Puta$1coininthemachineandthegatewillrise．Iftravellingbytrain/bus/taxi*Youwillneedtoallow30minutestowalkfromthetrainstation．Taxisareavailablefromthefrontofthestation．*TheUniversityisa5to10minutes'walkfromthemainbusstation．*Whenorderingataxifromthetheater，asktobepickedupatthebottomofNorthStreet．Taxiswillnotcomeintothecarparkbecauseoftheentrancecharge．1．Youcanbookyourtickets______．A．at5p.monWednesday B．atnoononworkdaysC．atlunchtimeonweekends D．at9a.monMonday2．WhereistheGoddingtonTheater？______A．TothesouthofPrincesStreetB．OntherightoftheTicketOffice．C．AtthebottomofNorthStreet．D．IntheGoddingtonuniversity．3．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？______A．Taxidriversareunwillingtopickupcustomersinsidethecarpark．B．Ticketspaidbycashwillbepostedtoyouatnoextracharge．C．Youcanfindafreeparkingplaceintheuniversity．D．Youhavetocollectyourticketsifyoupaybycreditcard．BWhataday!Istartedatmynewschoolthismorningandhadthebesttime.Imadelotsofnewfriendsandreallylikedmyteachers.Iwasnervous(紧张的)thenightbefore,butIhadnoreasontobe.Everyonewassofriendlyandpolite.Theymademefeelatease.ItwaslikeI’dbeenattheschoolforahundredyears!Thedaystartedveryearlyat7:00a.m.Ihadmybreakfastdownstairswithmymom.ShecouldtellthatIwasverynervous.Momkeptaskingmewhatwaswrong.ShetoldmeIhadnothingtoworryaboutandthateveryonewasgoingtoloveme.Iftheydidn’tloveme,momsaidtosendthemherwayforagoodtalkingto.Icouldn’tstoplaughing.Mymomdroppedmeoffattheschoolgateaboutfiveminutesbeforethebell.Alittleblonde(金黄色的)girlgotdroppedoffatthesametimeandstartedwaving(招手)atme.SheranoverandtoldmehernamewasAbigail.Shewasveryniceandwebecameclosestraightaway.WespentallmorningtogetherandbegantotalktoanothergirlcalledStacey.Thethreeofussattogetherinclassalldayandweevenmadeourwayhometogether!Itwentsoquickly.Ourteachertoldusthattomorrowwewouldreallystartlearninganddevelopingnewskills.IcannotwaituntiltomorrowandfeelasthoughIamreallygoingtoenjoymytimeatmynewschool.Ionlyhopethatmymewfriendsfeelthesamewaytoo.4．Howdidtheauthorfeelthenightbeforehernewschool?A．Tired. B．Excited. C．Worried. D．Relaxed.5．Whathappenedontheauthor’sfirstdayofschool?A．Shemetmanynicepeople. B．Shehadahurriedbreakfast.C．Shelearnedsomenewskills D．Shearrivedatschoolveryearly.6．Howdidtheauthorgotoschoolaccordingtothepassage?A．Onfoot. B．Bybus.C．Inhermother’scar. D．Bytrain.7．Whatcanweinfer(推断)aboutAbigail?A．ShedislikedStacey. B．Shewasshyandquiet.C．Shegotonwellwiththeauthor. D．Shewasanoldfriendoftheauthor.CSmartphones,tabletsandsmartwatchesarebanned(禁止)atschoolforallchildrenunder15inFrance.Underthebanstudentsarenotabletousetheirphonesatallduringschoolhours,includingmealbreaks.“Ithinkit’sagoodthing.Schoolisnotaboutbeingonyourphone,”ParismumMarie-CarolineMadeleinetoldAFP.“It’shardwithkids.Youcan’tcontrolwhattheyseeandthat’soneofthethingsthatworrymeasaparent.”ThereisnolawlikethisinAustralia,butsomeAustralianschoolshavebannedphones.McKinnonSecondarySchoolinVictoriaintroducedatotalbaninFebruaryandPrincipalPitsaBinnionsaidthishasbeenasuccess.McKinnonstudentsstillhaveaChromebooktouseineveryclassforday-to-daylearningbutthey’renotallowedtousesocialmedia.MsBinnionsaidatfirst“teacherscheeredandstudentsmoaned(抱怨),”butnowthey’reseeingtheadvantages.“Theycometoschoolandthey’renotallowedtousephonesatallduringtheschoolday,includinglunchbreaks,”shesaid.“It’sbeenwonderfulintermsofstudentscommunicatingwitheachotheratlunchtimeandnotlookingattheirscreen,”shesaid.MsBinnionalsoleadsbyexampleanddoesn’tusehermobilephoneinschool.“Ithinkanyonecandoitifwe’vedoneit.”Noteveryoneagreeswiththebans.WesternSydneyUniversitytechnologyresearcherDrJoanneOrlandowroteinonlinemagazineTheConversationearlierthisyearthatAustraliashouldnotbanphonesinschoolsbecauseit’simportanttoeducatekidstoliveintheagetheyareraisedin.“Agoodeducationforstudentstodayisknowinghowtousetechnologytolearn,communicateandworkwithideas,”shewrote.“Banningstudentsfromusingsmartphonesisa1950sresponsetoa2018state-of-play.”8．WhydidMadeleinewelcometheban?A．Schoolisforstudying. B．Kidsbehavebadlynowadays.C．Teachersfindithardtocontrolkids. D．Herkidsdependtoomuchonphones.9．WhatcanwelearnaboutthebaninMcKinnonSecondarySchool?A．Someteacherswereagainstitatfirst.B．Studentscannowseethegoodoftheban.C．Studentscanusetheirphonesatlunchbeaks.D．Teachershavestoppedusingphonesatschoolaswell.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Chromebook”inParagraph5probablyreferto?A．Abook. B．Anotebook.C．Alearningwebsite. D．Akindofcomputer.11．WhatdoesDrJoanneOrlandothinkofbanningphonesinschools?A．Itwilldisconnectparentsandkids. B．Itwillcausekidstocommunicateless.C．Itwillpreventkidsbeingtech-minded. D．Itwillmakeeducationgoback60years.DAeshaAshisaballetdancerwhobeganTheSwanDreamsProjectin2011.Itisaprogramdesignedtobringballettogirlsofcolorinhercommunity.AeshaAshisoneofthefewwomenofcolortoevergracethestagesoftheSchoolofAmericanBalletinNewYorkCity.Shewantstoexposehercommunitytomorepositiveimagesofwomenofcolorthroughtheuseofballet.Shewantstoshowtheworldthatbeautyandgracearenotdefinedbystatusorrace.AeshagrewupintheinnercityofRochester,NewYork,wherecrime,gunviolenceandpovertywereamongthebiggestthreatstothecommunity.Forher,that’snormal.That’sjustlifeintheneighborhood,butwhatsheremembersmostisthedancestudio.Shestarteddancingattheageoffive.Ateachermentionedtohermotherthatshehadsomepromiseinballet,andthatitwouldbedifficultforher,asawomanofcolor,toentertheballetworld.Butthehardshipshefacedwastheverythingthatpushedhertopursueacareerinballet.Andthere’ssomuchnegativestereotypes(刻板印象)andmisunderstandingofwhotheyareinthemedia.Throughtheuseofimageryandhercareerasaballetdancer,shechallengesstereotypesthatexistforwomenofcolor,particularlythosefrominner-citycommunities.“It’simportantthatourgirlsseethatsideofthemselvesbecauseformanykidsit’shardtobewhatyoucan’tsee.Ihadn’tseenablackballetdancerbeforeIdecidedthatwaswhatIwantedtobe.ItwasreallyimportantformetobeinmyenvironmentdisplayingthatbecausethisiswhereI’mfrom.Itwasalwaysbeyondballet,”AeshaAshstated.12．WhydidAeshastartTheSwanDreamsProject?A．Topromotetheimagesoffemalesofcolorbyballet.B．Toexposehercommunitytoaworldofwomenofcolor.C．TogracethestagesoftheSchoolofAmericanBallet.D．Toshowtheworldthatbeautyandgracearedefinedbystatus.13．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthecommunityshegrewupin?A．Comfortable. B．Ancient. C．Peaceful. D．Unsafe.14．Whatcan’tweknowfromthepassage?A．Aeshahadagiftforballetaccordingtoherteacher.B．ThehardshipAeshafacedwasthecolorofherskin.C．Acshawantedtobeaballetdancerbecauseofawomandancerofcolor.D．Itisnoteasytochangethestereotypesthatexistforwomenofcolor.15．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?Ateacherprovideschancesforgirlsofcolor. B．Awomanbringsballettothegirlsofcolor.C．Balletchangesthelifeofawomanofcolor. D．Awomanhaschangedthenegativestereotypes.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。SantosisapsychologistwhoalsoteachesaclassonthescienceofhappinessatYaleUniversity.16Shehadpeoplewritedowneitherafewthingseverydaythattheyweregratefulfororafewthingseverydaythatshecalled“burdens”.17Shefoundthattheactoflistingwhatyou’regratefulforovertimecanactuallysignificantlyimprovewell-being,eveninjustacoupleofweeks,whereastheactofgrabbingthethingsthatyoudon’tlikeinlifedoesn’thelpyourwell-being.Ifyouexpressgratitudetothepeopleyoucareabout,youcanendupboostingthoserelationships.Often,researchershavesubjectsdowhat’scalledagratitudevisit.Theyasksubjectstoscribble(潦草地写)downafewthingsthey’rereallygratefulforaboutapersontheyhaven’tthanked.18Peoplewhoreceivetheselettersreportthatit’soneofthemostpleasantmomentsintheirlife.Butmoreamazingly,thesegratitudevisitsalsohelpthepersonwhoexpressesthegratefulness.19Itworksifyoucancontrastwhatyouwantwiththegritty(活生生的)realityofthesituation.CareyMorewedgeandcolleagueshavesubjectsimagineeatingabunchofchocolate,andhefindsthatyoudon’treallywanttoeatthechocolateanymoreafteryouimagineeatingthem.20Whenwefantasizeaboutpositivethingsinourlives,wecanthinkwe’vealreadyachievedourgoalsorcompletedourtasks.A．Anothertipispositivethinking.B．Thesethingsshoweddifferentimpacts.C．Sotheycanmeettoshoweachother’sburdens.D．Youdiditenoughinyourbrainthatyou’realmostfull.E．Then,theyhavethemmeetinpersonandreadtheletter.F．Itisconsideredthemostpopularcourseintheuniversity’shistory.G．Meetingupinpersonsometimesisn’treallyanoptionforalotofpeople.第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ourschoolhunchmenuneedmakeover(改进).Manystudentsthinkschoollunchtastebad,andtheyeitherdon’t21it,ortheythrowitaway.Withthegrowing22ofoverweightkids.theschoolneedstomake23lunchmenuwithhealthier,tastieroptions.Onethinktheschoolshould24isadailypizzaoption.Almosteverykid25pizza.Ifyouaskkids,they’lltellyouthatpizzatastesgreat.26theschoolhadapizzaoption,studentswouldeatlunchmore,solessfoodwouldbe27.TheschoollunchprogramcouldmakealotmoremoneyNotonlydoespizzatastegood,butitcanalsobeaveryhealthyfood.Inadditiontopizzamadewithwhole-wheatdough(全麦面团),low-fatcheesepizzaorevenpizzawithoutcheesecouldbeoffered.Today,withtheschool28vegetableslikebroccoli(西兰花)orspinach(菠菜),mostfoodgoesinthegarbage.However,kidswilleatalmostanykindofvegetablesandevensomefruits—ifthey’reonpizza.Pizzacanalsobeveryfastand29tomake,whichwouldbegoodforourcafeteria(食堂)staff.Thestaffcouldmakethedoughaheadoftime.Theycouldalsobuyfrozendough.Then,allthestaff30todoisaddtoppings,cheese,andbakeit.Youcanalsoeatpizzawithyourhands,which31thestaffwouldhavefewerknivesandforkstowash.Somepeoplewillprobably32theideaofapizzaoptionbecausepizzaisoftenconsidered“junkfood”33aregular,healthymeal.Mosttake-outpizzaismadewithunhealthyingredients.Butpizzacanalsobemadewith34ingredients,Theschoolshouldaddadailypizzaoptiontothenewlunchmenu.Notonlywouldservingpizzabegreatforthestudents,butitwouldalso35theschoollunchprogram.21．A．buy B．keep C．see D．share22．A．popularity B．problem C．difficulty D．power23．A．new B．free C．main D．similar24．A．change B．get C．consider D．limit25．A．remembers B．cooks C．tries D．loves26．A．Before B．Though C．If D．Because27．A．provided B．wasted C．paid D．allowed28．A．mixing B．growing C．storing D．selling29．A．easy B．possible C．necessary D．hard30．A．wants B．needs C．agrees D．offers31．A．hopes B．explains C．proves D．means32．A．test B．welcome C．beagainst D．talkabout33．A．ratherthan B．exceptfor C．aswellas D．inplaceof34．A．basic B．healthy C．local D．delicious35．A．follow B．create C．use D．help第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。Itiscommonforfamilymemberstoexperienceheatedargumentsandcold36(silent)underthesameroof.Thephenomenonresultsfrom37(balance)developmentofphysicalandmentalaspectsinadolescence.Yourphysicalchanges,38(include)height,voice,weightorspotsproblems,makeyouexperiencehighlevelsof39(anxious).Ontheotherhand,youmaythinkitnatural40(take)moreresponsibilities41(depend).Unfortunatelyyourparentscan’talwaysallowyoutodowhateveryouwant,whichcangiveriseto42(tension)familyrelationships.Therearesomewaystosolvetheproblems.Aboveall,facedwiththeparent-childtensions,youhadbetterkeepthepeace.Ofequal43(important)areputtingyourselfinyourparents’shoesand44(communicate)withthemregularlyandhonestly.Thegoodnewsisthatthisstormyperiodwillnotlast.Everythingwillturnoutallrightintheend,andthechangesandchallengesofyourteenageyearsare45(prepare)youforadulthood.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假如你是晨华中学学生李华,你的英国笔友Patrick告诉你London将在明年1月份举行中国文化周活动，请你给伦敦市长发一封邮件推荐自己，做文化周活动宣传员。内容要点如下：1.你的身份；2.应聘原因；3.自身优势（1）相关经历

（2）语言能力。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearSir,RecentlyI’velearned________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Irecentlyhadachallengingtimeworkingonagroupproject.Myteacherputmewiththreepeoplewhoweren’tallthatexcitedaboutgettinganyworkdone,andtheexperiencewasextremelystressful.Ourassignmentwastopickoneofthe50statesandmakeabrochureaboutit.“Let’spickHawaii!”saidCupcake.“Hawaiihassupercuteswimsuits.”“Thatissotrue!”saidCookie.“Speakingofswimsuits,therearesomeget-ready-for-summersaleshappeningrightnow.”“Really?Maybemymomwilltakemeshoppingthisweekend,”saidCupcake.IturnedtoVolcano.“Whichstatedoyouthinkweshouldpick?”Volcanoshrugged(耸肩).“Idon’tcare.Butwhathappenedtoyourhair,Arizona?Itlookslikeitgotcaughtinablender(搅拌机)!”TherestofVolcano’scommentsduringthemeetingwereequally“helpful.”Atournextgroupmeeting,nooneseemedveryeagertotalkaboutourbrochure,soIwentaheadandsharedtheinterestingfactsI’dlearnedaboutHawaiianfoodandculture.WhenIwasdone,noonesaidanything,soIpulledoutmynotebook.“Cupcake,youhadofferedtosearchforpicturesofHawaiiansealife.Wereyouabletofindsome?”“Ididn’thavetime,”sheanswered,“buthere’saphotoofmeatthehotelpoolinHawaii.”Ilookedatthepictureshehadtapedinhernotebookandsmiled.“Youlookgreat,butyouprobablydon’tcountassealife.Cookie,youweregoingtofindsomehistoricalinformation.AndVolcano,youwereinchargeofHawaiiangeography,right?”“I’lldomypartsoon,”saidCookie.“I’vebeenreallybusylately.”“Me,too.I’vebeenreallybusy!”saidVolcano.Iwasgettingtheimpressionthatnoonebutmeplannedtoworkonthebrochure.“WhatamIgoingtodo?DoIhavetodoalltheworkforeveryoneifIdon’twantabadgrade?”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Aswesetthetablefordinner,mymomcouldtellIwasstressedout.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Andatournextgroupmeeting,Itriedtobringupmyconcernsinafriendlyway.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案：阅读理解1．B2．D3．A【分析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了Goddington剧院的售票时间，售票方式和地理位置以及如何乘坐交通工具等。1．细节理解题。根据第一段的句子TheGoddingtonTheaterTicketOfficeisopenfrom10a.m.until4p.m.MondaytoFriday可知，戈丁顿剧院售票处周一至周五上午10点至下午4点开放。所以可以在工作日的中午订票，故选B。2．细节理解题。根据WheretofindGoddingtonTheater部分中的句子GoddingtonTheatercanbefoundwithintheGoddingtonUniversitysite,nexttothecarpark.可知,戈丁顿剧院就在戈丁顿大学的停车场旁边。所以GoddingtonTheater是在Goddington大学里面。故选D。3．推理判断题。根据最后一句Taxiswillnotcomeintothecarparkbecauseoftheentrancecharge.可知，出租车不会进入停车场，因为入口收费。由此判断出，出租车不愿意到公园里面去接客人。故选A。4．C5．A6．C7．C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲了作者来到新学校前一天的紧张心情，以及第二天到学校交到新朋友的故事。4．细节理解题。根据第一段“Iwasnervousthenightbefore,butIhadnoreasontobe.(前一天晚上我很紧张，但其实没必要这么紧张)”可知，作者在去新学校前一天很担忧。故选C项。5．细节理解题。根据第三段“Alittleblondegirlgotdroppedoffatthesametimeandstartedwavingatme.SheranoverandtoldmehernamewasAbigail.Shewasveryniceandwebecameclosestraightaway.(一个金发小女孩和我同时下车，她开始向我挥手。她跑过来告诉我她的名字叫Abigail。她人很好，我们很快就成了好朋友)”可知，开学第一天，作者交到了好朋友。故选A项。6．细节理解题。根据第三段“Mymomdroppedmeoffattheschoolgateaboutfiveminutesbeforethebell.(我妈妈在上课铃响五分钟前把我送到学校门口。”可知，作者是妈妈开车送到学校的。故选C项。7．推理判断题。根据第三段“SheranoverandtoldmehernamewasAbigail.Shewasveryniceandwebecameclosestraightaway.(她跑过来告诉我她的名字叫Abigail。她人很好，我们很快就成了好朋友)”可知，Abigail和我成为了朋友。。由此推知，Abigail和我相处融洽故选C项。8．A9．B10．D11．C【分析】本文为介绍说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚的一些学校禁止学生在学校使用手机，以及人们对此的不同看法。8．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Ithinkit’sagoodthing.Schoolisnotaboutbeingonyourphone,”可知，Madeleine认为这是件好事，学校不是玩手机的地方，由此推知她认为学校是学习的地方。故A选项正确。9．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“MsBinnionsaidatfirst“teacherscheeredandstudentsmoaned(抱怨),”butnowthey’reseeingtheadvantages.”可知，开始的时候老师们欢呼、学生们抱怨，但是现在他们看到了好处。故B选项正确。10．词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“McKinnonstudentsstillhaveaChromebooktouseineveryclassforday-to-daylearningbutthey’renotallowedtousesocialmedia.”可知，麦金农的学生仍然可以在每堂课上使用Chromebook进行日常学习，但他们不允许使用社交媒体，再对比选项可推知Chromebook应该是一种电子设备。故D选项正确。11．推理判断题。根据倒数第一、二段中DrJoanneOrlando说的话可知，她认为澳大利亚不应该禁止学生在学校使用手机，因为教育孩子生活在他们成长的时代里很重要，而且今天对学生的良好教育是知道如何使用技术学习、交流和处理思想。由此推知，禁止学生在学校使用手机会阻断孩子们与技术的联系。故C选项正确。【点睛】阅读理解所设试题主要考查细节查找，做题关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查选项和原文的异同，常犯错误有：绝对化语言，范围扩大或缩小，以偏概全，张冠李戴等。考生首先要浏览短文后的小题题干，标出关键词（组），带着问题去阅读，能够做到心中有数，目的明确；然后再仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握细节信息，并标出能得出答案的有效信息。如第2小题“WhatcanwelearnaboutthebaninMcKinnonSecondarySchool?”，题干要求回答“关于麦金农中学的禁令我们了解到了什么”，题干关键词为thebaninMcKinnonSecondarySchool，那么我们在第五段中的“MsBinnionsaidatfirst“teacherscheeredandstudentsmoaned(抱怨),butnowthey’reseeingtheadvantages.”能找到对应点，于是我们知道了，现在他们都看到了好处。在这里提醒同学们，在做阅读理解题时，一定要细心，这样才能准确找到正确答案。12．A13．D14．C15．B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍艾莎创办了一个“天鹅之梦”项目，旨在将芭蕾舞带给有色人种女孩。12．细节理解题。根据首段首句“AeshaAshisaballetdancerwhobeganTheSwanDreamsProjectin2011.(艾莎·阿什是一名芭蕾舞演员，她于2011年创办了“天鹅之梦”项目。)”以及倒数第二句“Shewantstoexposehercommunitytomorepositiveimagesofwomenofcolorthroughtheuseofballet.(她想通过芭蕾向她的社区展示更多有色人种女性的正面形象。)”可知，艾莎·阿什创办了“天鹅之梦”项目是为了通过芭蕾向她的社区展示更多有色人种女性的正面形象。故选A。13．细节理解题。根据第二段首句“AeshagrewupintheinnercityofRochester,NewYork,wherecrime,gunviolenceandpovertywereamongthebiggestthreatstothecommunity.(艾莎在纽约罗彻斯特的内城长大，在那里，犯罪、枪支暴力和贫困是社区面临的最大威胁。)”可知，艾莎成长的社区很不安全，面临着犯罪、枪支暴力和贫困等问题。故选D。14．推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Ateachermentionedtohermotherthatshehadsomepromiseinballet,andthatitwouldbedifficultforher,asawomanofcolor,toentertheballetworld.(一位老师对她的母亲说，她在芭蕾舞方面很有前途，但作为一名有色人种女性，她很难进入芭蕾舞界。)”以及第三段首句“Andthere’ssomuchnegativestereotypes(刻板印象)andmisunderstandingofwhotheyareinthemedia.(媒体对他们有很多负面的刻板印象和误解。)”可知，艾莎的老师说她有芭蕾舞天赋；艾莎面对的困难是她是有色人种；媒体对他们有很多负面的刻板印象和误解，突破这种刻板印象并不容易。C项的内容没有提到。故选C。15．主旨大意题。根据首段第一二句“AeshaAshisaballetdancerwhobeganTheSwanDreamsProjectin2011.Itisaprogramdesignedtobringballettogirlsofcolorinhercommunity.(艾莎·阿什是一名芭蕾舞演员，她于2011年创办了“天鹅之梦”项目。这是一个旨在将芭蕾舞带给她所在社区有色人种女孩的项目。)”可知，本文主要介绍艾莎办了一个旨在将芭蕾舞带给有色人种女孩的“天鹅之梦”项目。故选B。七选五16．F17．B18．E19．A20．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何变得更快乐提出了几点建议，旨在关注学生心理健康，提高学生调节自身情绪的能力。16．设空处位于段尾，应起承接上文或启示下文的作用。根据上文“SantosisapsychologistwhoalsoteachesaclassonthescienceofhappinessatYaleUniversity.(Santos是一名心理学家，在耶鲁大学教授一门关于幸福科学的课程。)”可推知，设空处应与空前提到的心理学家或她的幸福科学的课程有关。F项“它被认为是该大学历史上最受欢迎的课程”能够很好地承接上文，且其中“It”和“University”指的正是空前句中的“aclassonthescienceofhappiness”和“YaleUniversity”。故选F。17．根据上文“Shehadpeoplewritedowneitherafewthingseverydaythattheyweregratefulfororafewthingseverydaythatshecalled“burdens”.(她让人们要么每天写下一些他们感激的事情，要么每天写下一些她称之为“负担”的事情。)”和下文“Shefoundthattheactoflistingwhatyou’regratefulforovertimecanactuallysignificantlyimprovewell-being,eveninjustacoupleofweeks,whereastheactofgrabbingthethingsthatyoudon’tlikeinlifedoesn’thelpyourwell-being.(她发现，随着时间的推移，列出你感激的事情的行为实际上可以显著提高幸福感，即使只是在几周内，而抓住生活中你不喜欢的事情的行为对你的幸福感没有帮助。)”可知，空前提到Santos让人们每天写下一些他们感激的或者她称之为“负担”的事情；空后则表明写下这些事情给人们带来了不同的效果。由此可推知，设空处也应与人们写下的感激的或者感到负担的事情相关。B项“这些事情显示出不同的影响”能够很好地衔接上下文，且其中的“Thesethings”指的正是空前句提到的令人感激的事情和那些“负担”的事情。故选B。18．根据上文“Theyasksubjectstoscribble(潦草地写)downafewthingsthey’rereallygratefulforaboutapersontheyhaven’tthanked.(他们要求受试者写下一些他们没有感谢过的人让他们真正感激的事情。)”和下文“Peoplewhoreceivetheselettersreportthatit’soneofthemostpleasantmomentsintheirlife.(收到这些信的人报告说这是他们一生中最愉快的时刻之一。)”可知，空前提到研究人员让接受实验者写下一些对于他们从未感谢过的人真正非常感激的事情；空后提到收到这些信件的人表示这是他们一生中最愉快的时刻之一。由此可推知，设空处应包含“letter”一词。E项“然后，他们让他们亲自见面并阅读这封信”中出现了“letter”，且其中的“them”指代的正是空前句中“subjects”和“apersontheyhaven’tthanked”。故选E。19．设空处是本段的主题句，应能概括本段内容。根据下文中的“havesubjectsimagine(让受试者想象)”、“imagineeatingthem(想象吃掉它们)”和“fantasize(想象)”可知，本段内容与人的大脑想象有关。A项“另一个建议是积极思考”出现了关键词“thinking”,其中的“positivethinking”正是空后句中“It”指代的内容，且“positive”与本段最后一句中的“positive”是同词复现。故选A。20．根据上文“CareyMorewedgeandcolleagueshavesubjectsimagineeatingabunchofchocolate,andhefindsthatyoudon’treallywanttoeatthechocolateanymoreafteryouimagineeatingthem.(CareyMorewedge和他的同事们让实验对象想象吃一堆巧克力，他发现在你想象吃巧克力之后，你真的不想再吃巧克力了。)”和下文“Whenwefantasizeaboutpositivethingsinourlives,wecanthinkwe’vealreadyachievedourgoalsorcompletedourtasks.(当我们幻想生活中积极的事情时，我们可以认为我们已经实现了我们的目标或完成了我们的任务。)”可知，设空处也应与脑海中想象有关。D项“(因为)你在脑子里(想象)吃得足够多了，几乎已经吃饱了”放在此处可以很好地承接上文，解释了接受试验者们在想象吃了巧克力之后，不想再吃的原因。故选D。完形填空21．A22．B23．A24．C25．D26．C27．B28．D29．A30．B31．D32．C33．A34．B35．D【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者提出学校应该为学生提供披萨作为午餐并分析了原因。21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多学生认为学校午餐味道不好，他们要么不买，要么把它扔掉。A.buy购买；B.keep保持；C.see看见；D.share分享。结合上文“Manystudentsthinkschoollunchtastesbad”可知学生认为学校午餐的味道不好，因此不购买学校的午餐。故选A。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着超重儿童问题的日益严重，学校需要制定一个新的午餐菜单，提供更健康、更美味的选择。A.popularity流行；B.problem问题；C.difficulty困难；D.power力量。结合后文“ofoverweightkids”可知儿童超重是一个社会问题。故选B。23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着超重儿童问题的日益严重，学校需要制定一个新的午餐菜单，提供更健康、更美味的选择。A.new新的；B.free自由的；C.main主要的；D.similar相似的。结合上文和“withhealthier,tastieroptions”可知儿童超重问题日益严重，因此学校需要制定新的健康的午餐菜单。故选A。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中一个建议是学校应该考虑每天提供披萨。A.change改变；B.get得到；C.consider考虑；D.limit限制。根据上文“Onethinktheschoolshould”可知，对了作者是在提出自己的看法，结合“adailypizzaoption”可知，这是作者认为学校应该考虑的选项。故选C。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几乎每个孩子都喜欢披萨。A.remembers记住；B.cooks烹饪；C.tries尝试；D.loves爱；喜欢。结合下文“Ifyouaskkids,they’lltellyouthatpizzatastesgreat.”可知几乎每个孩子都喜欢吃披萨。故选D。26．考查连词词义辨析。句意：如果学校有披萨选项，学生们会吃更多的午餐，这样就会减少食物浪费。A.Before在……之前；B.Though尽管；C.If如果；D.Because因为。根据下文“studentswouldeatlunchmore”可知，本句为条件状语从句，表示“如果”。故选C。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果学校有披萨选项，学生们会吃更多的午餐，这样就会减少食物浪费。A.provided提供；B.wasted浪费；C.paid支付；D.allowed允许。结合上文“studentswouldeatlunchmore”可知，学生们会吃得更多，所以浪费就会减少。故选B。28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，学校卖像花椰菜或菠菜之类的蔬菜，大多数食物都被扔进了垃圾箱。A.mixing混合；B.growing生长；C.storing储存；D.selling出售。结合上文学校出售午餐可知，学校学校卖像花椰菜或菠菜之类的蔬菜。故选D。29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：披萨制作起来很快很容易，这对我们餐厅的员工来说是很好的。A.easy容易的；B.possible可能的；C.necessary必要的；D.hard困难的。根据下文“begoodforourcafeteriastaff”可知上文是在列举披萨的优点，制作起来又快又容易。故选A。30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，所有的工作人员需要做的是添加配料，奶酪，并烘烤它。A.wants想要；B.needs需要；C.agrees同意；D.offers提供。结合后文“todoisaddtoppings,cheese,andbakeit”可知是说明工作人员需要进行的制作披萨步骤。短语needtodosth.“需要做某事”，故选B。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你还可以用手吃披萨，这意味着员工需要清洗的刀叉会更少。A.hopes希望；B.explains解释；C.proves证明；D.means意味着。结合上下文，用手吃披萨也就意味着不需要使用刀叉，意味着员工需要清洗的刀叉会更少。故选D。32．考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：有些人可能会反对选择披萨，因为披萨经常被认为是“垃圾食品”，而不是一顿正常的、健康的餐食。A.test测试；B.welcome欢迎；C.beagainst反对；D.talkabout谈论。结合下文“becausepizzaisoftenconsidered‘junkfood’”可知有些人认为披萨是“垃圾食品”，因此反对选择披萨。故选C。33．考查介词短语辨析。句意：有些人可能会反对选择披萨，因为披萨经常被认为是“垃圾食品”，而不是一顿正常的、健康的餐食。A.ratherthan而不是；B.exceptfor除了……以外；C.aswellas也；D.inplaceof代替。结合上文“becausepizzaisoftenconsidered‘junkfood’”可知披萨经常被认为是“垃圾食品”，而不是一顿正常的、健康的饭。故选A。34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是披萨也可以用健康的原料制作。A.basic基本的；B.healthy健康的；C.local当地的；D.delicious美味的。上文提出有人认为披萨是“垃圾食品”，根据连词“But”可知，作者不赞同这一说法，指出披萨也可以用健康的原料来制作成健康的食物。故选B。35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：提供披萨不仅对学生有好处，而且对学校的午餐计划也有帮助。A.follow跟随；B