中考英语复习专项-名词

中考复习专项（一）名词Noun名词

名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它既可以表示具体的东西，也可以表示抽象的东西。Revision1—名词分类1.专有名词2.普通名词人名、地名、国名JohnSmith；Beijing；China组织、团体、机构、报刊WTO（世贸）；ChinaDaily（中国日报）时间、语言、月份、节日Sunday；English；January；SpringFestival由普通名词构成的专有名词，一般前面加thetheGreatWall专有名词人名、地方、机构等专有的名称，首字母通常要大写

考点自测1.

istheworld’shighestpeak.Fewpeoplecanclimbtothetop.A.MountQomolangmaB.MountEmeiC.MountTaiD.MountHuang2.

isthemostimportantfestivalinChina.A.ChristmasB.TheSpringFestivalC.ThanksgivingDayD.NationalDay3.

Dayiscoming.Iwillbuysome

forMissWu.A.Teacher’s；flowerB.Teachers’；flowersC.Teachers’；flowerD.Teacher’s；flowers4.Tu

Youyou

won

China’s

first

Nobel

Prize

in

Medicine

in

___________(十月),

2015.ABBOctober可数名词个体名词表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：doctor；gun集体名词表示若干个体组成的集合体，如：family；police不可数名词物质名词表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的实物，如：cotton；air抽象名词表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：health；happiness；work普通名词考点一：可数名词及其单复数1.可数名词单复数的规则变化规则读音例词大多数名词，直接加-s结尾是清辅音的读［s］结尾是浊辅音或元音的读［z］desk→desksfriend→friends以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词，加-es读［iz］bus→busesfox→foxesmatch→matchesdish→dishes以“辅音字母+y结尾”的名词，将y改为i，再加-es读［z］candy→candies元音字母+y

结尾的名词，加-s读［z］boy→boys以o结尾的名词，表示有生命的物体，加-es；表示无生命的物体，加-s读［z］tomato→tomatoespiano→pianos以f或fe结尾的名词，将f或fe改为-ves读［vz］life→livesleaf→leaves考点一：可数名词及其单复数2.可数名词单复数的不规则变化（1）改变名词中的元音字母如：woman→womenpoliceman→policemen（2）名词后面加en或ren如：ox→oxen(公牛)child→children（3）单复数同形如：deer；fish；sheep考点一：可数名词及其单复数3.使用名词单复数应该注意的问题(1)

有些名词通常只有复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：clothes，trousers。(2)

有些名词从形式上看是复数，实际意义表示的是单数，其后的谓语动词也用单数形式。如：physics，maths。(3)由两个名词组成的复合名词，通常由第一个名词作定语修饰另一个名词，

作为定语的那个名词通常都用单数形式，但是man和woman除外。如：aboystudent→threeboystudentsaman/womanteacher→threemen/womenteacher

4)表示“某国人”的单复数变化：中日不变，英法变，其他-s加后面（Swiss瑞士人除外）。如：aChinese(Japanese)→sixChinese(Japanese)anEnglishman→sevenEnglishmenanAmerican→fourAmericansaSwiss→threeSwiss

考点自测1.Five______teachersareteachingthose______studentspatiently.A．women；boy B．women；boys C．woman；boy D．woman；boys2.—How

many

________(tooth)

does

a

dog

have?

—Sorry,

I

have

no

idea.

Let’s

search

on

the

Internet.

.3.Miss

Green

advised

us

to

decorate

a

card

for

each

other

with

those________(leaf).

4.

It’s

a

good

idea

to

give

your

father

a

________(夹克衫)

as

a

gift

on

June

19,Father’sDay.5.

This

bookstore

sells

many

English

___________(dictionary).

You

canchoose

what

you

like.Ateethleavesjacketdictionaries考点二：不可数名词1.

不可数名词单作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：Knowledgeispower.知识就是力量1.Theadvicefromtheteacher

sousefulthatIpassedtheexamatlast.A.wasB.isC.wereD.areA

考点自测考点二：不可数名词2.

不可数名词可以由some，much，little，alotof，lotsof，plentyof等词修饰。如：Theyhavesavedmuchmoneyforfutureuse.他们存了很多钱以备未来使用。1.—HowcanIgetsome

aboutthe2016OlympicGames?—WhynotsearchtheInternet?A.informationB.experienceC.practiceD.success2.Ourteachersusuallygiveussome

onhowtofacethedifficultiesandchallenges

.A.advice；braveB.advices；braveC.advices；bravelyD.advice；bravelyAD

考点自测考点二：不可数名词3.不可数名词可以与apieceof，alotof，acupof，plentyof

等连用。如:apieceofpaper

一张纸

adropofwater

一滴水1.Youpaid￥10for

thismorning.

A.4bottlemilksB.4bottlesofmilkC.4bottlesofmilksD.4milkB

考点自测考点三：可数名词与不可数名词不确定量的表达方法(1)

few，afew，many，several，a(large，small)numberof

+可数名词复数(2)

little，alittle，much，alarge(small)amountof，agreatdealof

+不可数名词(3)some，any，plentyof，enough，alotof(lotsof)

+可数/不可数名词如：Thereisplentyofwaterinthebottle.

瓶子里有大量的水。

Alargenumberofpeoplelikeplayingbasketball.

很多人喜欢打篮球。1.

—Therearealotof

ofbikeriding.—Iagree.It’sgoodfortheenvironmentanditsavesmoney.

A.instructionsB.instrumentsC.advantagesD.products2.Youaresupposedtobemorecarefultomakefewer

whileyouarewriting.

A.troubleB.matterC.mistakesD.problems

C

C

考点自测Revision2—名词所有格1.有生命的名词所有格2.无生命的名词所有格3.双重所有格（1）单数名词的所有格加’s

如：thelittlegirl’sdoll（2）以s结尾的复数名词所有格只加’如：thestudents’books不以s结尾的复数名词所有格加’s如：children’sbooks（3）表示某人家、店铺等处所，所有格后的名词可以省略如：atJones’（office）（4）表示两人共有时，只在最后一个名词后加’s如：LilyandLucy’sfather莉莉和露西的爸爸（5）表示两人各自所有时，则两个专有名词都要用所有格形式，

而且后面所修饰的名词要用复数形式。如：WangLin’sandLiKun’sfathers

王林的爸爸和李坤的爸爸

有生命的名词所有格1.—Mysister，Julie，doesn'tliketohaveshorthair．—Yeah．Herhairismuchlongerthan_____A．Aliceandmine B．AliceandmeC．Alice'sandmine's D．Alice'sandmine2.—

fathersdidn’tcometothemeeting.Why?—BecausetheyhavegonetoBeijing.A.Jeff’sandAmy’sB.JeffandAmyC.Jeff’sandAmyD.JeffandAmy’s3.TimesmagazinesaysthatsmartLegohasbecomeoneofthe

favoritetoys.A.childB.childrenC.children’sD.child’sACD

考点自测（1）无生命的名词所有格常用of结构表示。如：thelegofthetable

桌子的腿（2）表示国家、时间、距离、重量和价值等的名词通过

词尾变化表示所有。如：China’sfuture

中国的未来

today’snewspaper

今天的报纸anhour’swalk/ride

一个小时的路程/车程无生命的名词所有格1.Ilivenearthestation.It’sonlyaboutfive

walk.

A.minute’sB.minuteC.minutes’D.minutes2.Themascot(吉祥物)ofRio2016OlympicGamesis

goodluck.A.thenumberofB.thesymbolofC.thedayofD.thecolorofCB

考点自测（1）双重所有格就是将of结构与’s结构或名词性物主

代词一起使用如：afriendofTom’smother’s汤姆的妈妈的一个朋友afriendofmine

我的一个朋友（2）特殊例子：thekeytothedoor

门的钥匙thewaytotheoffice

去办公室的路双重所有格1.Mr.Blackisateacherof

.Sheandherclassmateslikehimverymuch.

A.mysisterB.mysister’sC.mysistersD.mysisters’2.—Doyouknowtheboy

isplayingsoccerthere?

—Certainly.Heisafriendofmy

.A.who；brother’sB.whether；brotherC.whom；brother’sD.whose；brotherBA

考点自测中考名词题型分析名词所有格10.7%3题可数名词单数39.3%11题不可数名词

25%7题可数名词复数14.3%4题专有名词10.7%3题共28题1.

People

around

the

world

love

_________

(和平)

and

hate

wars.

2.People

like

travelling

in

_________

(春天)

because

it

is

neither

too

hot

nor

too

cold.

3.

Audrey

Hepburn

had

put

her

_________（努力）into

ballet

training

before

she

entered

the

film

industry.4.I’m

afraid

to

ride

a

roller

coasterespecially

when

it

moves

at

high_________（速度）.5.

More

volunteers

went

to

Nepal

after

the

earthquake.

I

really

admired

them

for

their

_________(勇气).

（）6.

Have

you

noticed

the

_________(sad)

on

her

face?

What

has

happened

to

her?7.

People

around

the

world

all

love

p_________and

hate

wars.

不可数名词

25%7题peacespringeffortspeedcouragesadnesseace1.

People

around

the

world

love

_________

(和平)

and

hate

wars.

7.

People

around

the

world

all

love

p_________and

hate

wars.

1.

—Where

can

I

buy

some

books,

Simon?

—Go

to

the

_______

in

the

shopping

mall

in

Old

Street.

You

will

findmany

books

there.

A.

restaurant

B.

bookshop

C.

cinema

D.

library2.

—What’s

your

father’s

_______

(职业)?

—He

is

a

doctor.

3.

The

30th

Olympic

Games

will

be

held

in

London,

the

_______(首都)

of

England.4.Keep

a

_______(微笑)

all

the

time,

you‟ll

have

a

happier

life.5.Daniel’s_______(梦想)

is

to

be

a

famous

director

in

the

future.6.In

most

homes，people

cook

meals

in

the

_______．A.bathroom

B.garden

C.bedroom

D.kitchen7.Mr

Green

works

as

a_______（老板）

in

a

big

company．9.Smith

had

a_________（discuss）

with

us

about

the

film

just

now.10.Everest

is

a

natural

_______(奇迹).

Many

people

expect

to

explore

it.

11.Look

at

the

statue.

It

has

stood

here

for

one_______a

period

of

100

years).

可数名词单数39.3%11题BjobcapitalsmiledreamDbossdiscussionwonder