unit5-Creative-Minds市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖课件

Unit5CreativeMinds1/39HowCreativeheIs!联合利华引进了一条香皂包装生产线，结果发觉这生产线有个缺点：经常会有盒子里没装入香皂。总不能把空盒子卖给用户啊，他们只好请了一个学自动化博士后设计一个方案来分拣空香皂盒。博士后拉起了一个十几人科研攻关小组，综合采取了机械、微电子、自动化、X射线探测等技术，花了几十万，成功处理了问题。每当生产线上有空香皂盒经过，两旁探测器会检测到，而且驱动一只机械手把空皂盒推走。SampleOne2/39HowCreativeHeIs!

中国南方有个乡镇企业也买了一样生产线，老板发觉这个问题后大为发怒，找了个小工来说：“你他妈给老子把这个搞定，不然你给老子爬走。”小工很快想出了方法：他花了90块钱在生产线旁边放了一台大功率电风扇猛吹，于是空皂盒都被吹走了。SampleOne3/39PartIwarmupKeywords:InventedVocabulary:Internal-combustionengine内燃机Barometer：气压计Atmosphericpressure大气压Polaroid(商标名)宝丽来一次成像摄影机(或照片)Pendulum：摆，钟摆Diesel：狄塞尔(Rudolf,1858-1913,德国工程师,创造内燃机[柴油机)②柴油机,内燃机Fueloil：燃料油，炉油Dynamite：达纳炸药；氨爆炸药；(非正式)轰动一时人（或物），4/39Kaleidoscope万花筒Harpsichord：羽管键琴，拨弦古钢琴；大键琴Gunsmith军械工人5/39inventionInventorNationalityoccupationYearGottiebDaimlerEvangelistaTorricelliEdwinHerbertLandChristiaanhuygensRudolphDieselAlfredBernhardNobelGasolineautomobileGermanengineer1885barometerItalianPhysicist&mathematician1643PolaroidcameraAmericanInventor&industrialist1947PendulumclockDutchMathematician&physicist1657Dieselengine

Germanengineer1892dynamiteSwedishchemist18666/39InventionInventorNationalityOccupationYearSir

DavidBrewsterBartolomeoCristoforiEliasHoweChristopherSholeskaleidoscopeBritishPhysicist&naturalphilosopher1817pianoItalianHarpsichordmaker1709SewingmachineAmericaninventor1846typewriterAmericaninventor18677/39Tapescript:ThegasolineautomobilewasinventedbyGottliebDaimler,theGermanengineer,in1885Hisconstructionofthefirsthigh-speedinternal-combustionengineledtothedevelopmentoftheautomobileindustry.Thebarometer,theinstrumentformeasuringatmosphericpressure,wasinventedbyEvangelistaTorricelli,theItalianphysicistandmathematician,in1643.Thepolarodcamera,whichtakesandprintsphotosinonestep,wasinventedin1947bytheAmericaninventorandindustrialistEdwinHerbertLand.ThependulumclockwasinventedbytheDutchmathematicianandphysicistChristiaanHuygensin1657.Thedieselengine,whichisheavierandmorepowerfulthanthegasolineengineandwhichburnsfuelofoilinsteadofgasoline,wasnamedafteritsinventorRudolphDiesel,theGermanengineerin1892.8/39Tapescript:Dynamite,theimprovedexplosiveswithgreatsafety,wasinventedin1866bytheSwedishchemistAlfredBernhardNobel.HeestablishedafundtoprovideannualawardscalledNobelPrizes,inthesciences,literature,andthepromotionofinternationalpeace.Hekaleidoscopewasinventedin1817bySirDavidBrewster,theScottishphysicistandnaturalphilosopher.Thepiano,akey-boardmusicalinstrument,wasinventedin1709bytheItalianharpsichordmaker,BartolomeoCristofori.Thesewingmachine,whichgreatlyrevolutionizedclothes-making,wasinventedbyEliasHowe,anAmericaninventorin1846.Thetypewriter,itsfirstpracticalcommercialmodel,wasinventedin1867bytheAmericaninventorChristopherSholesandwasmanufacturedbytheAmericangunsmithPhiloReminton1874.9/39BFax：(亦作faxmachine)amachinefortransmittingandreceivingsuchdocuments传真机Calendar：achartorseriesofpagesshowingthedays,weeks,andmonthsofaparticularyear,orgivingparticularseasonalinformation日历Puppet：amovablemodelofapersonoranimalthatisusedinentertainmentandistypicallymovedeitherbystringscontrolledfromaboveorbyahandinsideit木偶Mercedes-Benz：梅赛德斯-飞驰10/3911/3912/391-a2-d3-e4-i5-f6-j7-g8-b13/39TapescriptPeopleinEnglandmadethefirstcomputer.Itwasbuiltin1943.ItwasmadetohelpEnglandunderstandsecretmessagesduringWorldWarII.SomeoneinAustraliainventedthefaxmachine.Afterthefaxmachinewasinvented,itfirstbecamepopularinEastAsia.FoldingfanscamefromJapan.TheywereinventedinJapanalmost800yearsago.ThefirstcarcamefromGermany.ItwasinventedbyKarlBenzin1885.Benzisstillfamous.HisnameisontheMercedes-Benzcar.AmaninCanadainventedthechocolatebar.HelivedinNovaScotia-intheeasternpartofCanada.Heinventedthechocolatebarin1800s.14/39TapescriptThefirstreallyaccuratecalendarwasinventedinMexico.Thiscalendarwasmadeabout1,500yearsago.That'swhenpeoplelearnedthattheyearwas365dayslong.ThefirstmechanicalclockwasinventedinChina.Itwasinventedintheyear725-over1,250yearsago.PeoplethinkAfricanscreatedthefirstpuppets.Actually,nooneissure,butpuppetswereprobablycreatedtohelptellstories.15/39C:keywords:Design;patent;introduce;develop;appear;born;invent;createVocabulary:

paperclip:回形针，曲别针，纸夹Patent：专利（权）；专利证Adhesive：abletostickfasttoasurfaceorobject;sticky可粘，粘Post-it：记事贴，便利贴Primer：底漆;打底剂,底层涂料16/39Ccellularphone：便携电话；手机Commission：委员会authorize：giveofficialpermissionfororapprovalto(anundertakingoragent)授权；同意Subscribe：arrangetoreceivesomething,typicallyapublication,regularlybypayinginadvance订阅；订购（出版物）creditwith把……记入贷方Wringer：绞拧机；压汁器ad:广告17/39CDisposable：intendedtobeusedonceandthenthrownaway（物品）一次性diaper：(北美)尿布Zipper：拉链Immigrant：移民，侨民Galosh：高统雨鞋（多用橡胶制作）accident-prone易出事故Strip：（布、纸、塑料等）条，狭条，带状物merit：thequalityofbeingparticularlygoodorworthy,especiallysoastodeservepraiseorreward优异品质，优点；价值Band-Aid：创可贴；contactlens：隐形眼镜Norwegian[nɔ:'wi:dʒən]n.挪威语；挪威人Pennsylvania[,pensil'veinjə]n.宾夕法尼亚州（美国州名）Czech[tʃek]n.捷克人；捷克语18/39InventionsPaperclips1901Post-its1980cellularphones1973automaticwashingmachines1930sdisposablediapers1961Zippers1913Band-Aids1921softcontactlenses196119/391.Thedesignofpaperclipsisperfect.There'sbeenlittleimprovementsinceNorwegianJohanVaalergothisAmericanpatentin1901.Onlyabout20%areactuallyusedtoclippapers.

2.Post-itisoneofthetopfivebest-sellingofficesuppliers.TomakePost-its,introducedin1980,3Mhadtodeveloptheadhesive,primer,back-sidecoatingandnewmanufacturingequipment.

3.Thefirstcellularphonewasdevelopedin1973byMartinCooperatMotorola,andatestof1,000suchphonesfollowedinChicago.TheFederalCommunicationsCommissionauthorizedcellularservicein1982,andwehaven'tshutupsince.MorethanathirdofallhouseholdsintheU.Ssubscribe.

20/394.AmongthosecreditedwithmakingelectricwashingmachineswasAlvaJ.Fisher.Themachinesusedwringerstoremovewaterfromclothes.Trulyautomaticmachinesappearedinthe1930s.AnearlyadforaGEwasherread,"IfeveryfatherdidthefamilywashingnextMonday,therewouldbeanelectricwashingmachineineveryhomebySaturdaynight."

5.Oh,baby,whataconvenience!Procter&Gamble'sPampers,bornin1961,werefirstusedonlyforspecialoccasions.Nowthe95%ofAmericanparentswhobuydisposablediaperswillspendupto$2100achildtoavoidwashingdiapers.

21/396.Zipperswereinventedin1913bySwedishimmigrantGideonSundbackatUniversalFastenerCo.inPennsylvania.B.F.Goodrichfirstusedthewordtoafasteneronapairofitsgaloshes;itwasnotusedinclothesuntilthe1930s.By1341zippersbeatthepantsoffbuttonsintheBattleoftheFly.

7.Johnson&Johnsonsold$3000worthofhandmadeBandAidsin1921,theyearitintroducedthem.Acompanycottonbuyer,EarleDickson,hadcreatedthemathomeforhisaccidentpronewife.Hethenconvincedhisbossthatthestripshadmerit.

8.OttoWichterle,aCzechscientist,createdthefirstsoftcontactlensin1961.Bausch&Lombboughttherightstohisprocessforareported$3millionin1966.

22/39PartIIScientistsofthemillenniumKeywords:discoveryinventionfounderideadescribetheoryacceptdevelopmethodthefirst…startbase…onsecret23/39

Vocabularytype打字mould模型，模子，铸模，铸型，模板astronomer[ə'strɔnəmə]n.天文学家；天文观察员aphysicistwhostudiesastronomycondemnvt.训斥；判刑，定罪；声讨withdrawvt.撤退；收回；anatomical[,ænə'tɔmikəl]adj.解剖；解剖学；结构上24/39vessel脉管，血管；容器，器皿artery动脉；干道；主流vein静脉conflictn.冲突，矛盾；斗争；争吵influentialadj..有影响calculus['kælkjuləs]微积分学;结石PartIIScientistsofthemillennium25/39gravitationn.重力；万有引力；地心吸力principlen.原理，标准；philosophyn.哲学；哲理；人生观unifyvt.统一；使相同，使一致theRomanCatholicChurch罗马公教；罗马天主教会PartIIScientistsofthemillennium26/39PartII-A1395,type,movabletypePoland,astronomy,thesun,itscenteronce1564,telescope,circlingEngland,moves1642,calculus,lightandcolor,gravitation.PartIIScientistsofthemillennium27/39PartII-BPrinting/faster/easierEarth/centerofuniverse/nomoveCutopendeadanimalsandhumansBloodtobody/arteries;bloodtoheart/veinsTheMathematicalPrinciplesofNaturalPhilosophy/in1687PartIIScientistsofthemillennium28/39PartIIIScientistsofthemillenniumKeywords:IdeatheorydiscoverymethodestablishinventionchangeVocabulary:origin起源species物种；种类bymeansof依靠organismn.有机体；生物体；微生物evolutionn.演变；进化论；进展survivevi.幸存；活下来vt.幸存；生还；幸免于；比...活得长29/39reproduce[riːprə'djuːs]vt.复制；再生；生殖；使…在脑海中重现microorganismn.微生物；微小动植物Pasteurization[,pæstəraɪ'zeɪʃən]n.加热杀菌法，巴斯德氏杀菌法germ[dʒɜːm]n.胚芽，萌芽；细菌resistancen.阻力；电阻；抵抗；反抗；抵抗力inject[ɪn'dʒekt]vt.注入；注射vaccination[,væksɪ'neɪʃən]n.接种疫苗；种痘vaccine['væksiːn;-ɪn]n.疫苗；牛痘苗deadly['dedlɪ]adj.致命；非常；死普通affect[ə‘fekt]n.情感vt.影响；感染；感动；假装30/39motionpicturen.电影device[dɪ'vaɪs]n.装置；策略；图案unconsciousadj.无意识；失去知觉；未发觉psychiatry[psai‘kaiətri,psi-]n.精神病学sexualadj.性；性别；有性disputen.辩论；争吵document['dɒkjʊm(ə)nt]n.文件，公文；[计]文档；证件mass[mæs]adj.群众，民众；大规模，集中square[skweə]n.平方；广场；正方形atomicenergy[核]原子能，核能31/39AnswerforPartIII–A1809,evolutionFrance,a.Pasteurization,b.Germ,c.vaccination,disease1847,a.motion,b.recording,c.electriclight,d.Telephone,e.Machine,electricity,f.motorsAustria,a.Dreams,unconsciousself,b.Modernpsychiatry.C.sexualdevelopment1879,relativity,E=mc232/39AnswerforPartIII-B

T.1.CharlesDarwinthoughtthatalllivingthingsdevelopedfromsimpleorganisms.F.2.Darwins'sideaswerestronglyopposedbymanyreligiouspeopleinthepast.Butnowpeopleareallinfavorofthem.T.3.LouisPasteurbelievedthatitistinyorganismsthatspreadmorediseasesF.4.ThomasEdisonconsideredthemotionpictureshismostimportantinvention.T.5.AlbertEinstein'smostfamoustheoryisabouttime,space,mass,movementandgravity.T.6.AlbertEinstein'smostfamoustheoryledtothediscoveryofatomicenergy.33/39

TapescriptCharlesDarwinwasanotherimportantscientistofthepast1,000years.HewasborninEnglandin1809.In1859,hepublishedabookcalledOntheOriginofSpeciesbyMeansofNaturalSelection.Heexplainedhisideasthatalllivingthingsdevelopedfromsimpleorganisms.Hesaidtheseorganismschangedduringmillionsofyearstoproducedifferentkindsofplantsandanimals,includinghumans.Thisisknownasthetheoryofevolution.CharlesDarwin'sstudiesshowedthatsomeanimalsandplantshavenaturalabilitiesthathelpthemsurvive.Theypasstheseabilitiestotheiryoungwhentheyreproduce.Otherplantsandanimalsthatarelessabletosurviveandreproducemaydisappear.CharlesDarwin'stheoriesprovidednewideasaboutthedevelopmentsoflivingthings.However,theyshockedmanyreligiouspeople.Manypeopletodaystillstronglyopposethetheoryofevolutionbecauseitconflictswiththeirreligiousbeliefs.34/39Ournextimportantscientistofthepast1,000yearsisLouisPasteur.Hisdiscoveriessavedmanylives.LouisPasteurwasbornin1822inFrance.Hebecameaprofessorofchemistry.Hediscoveredthatheatcouldkillharmfulmicroorganism.SoonthisPasteurizationmethodwasusedtokeepmanyfoodsanddrinkssafe.Healsohelpedusestablishthegermtheorywhenherecognizedthatmostdiseasesarespreadbytinyorganismsthatreproduceinthebody.LouisPasteuralsoprovedthatananimalcandeveloparesistancetoaharmfulorganismiftheorganismisweekendinalaboratoryandinjectedintotheanimal'sbody.Hecalledthismethodofpreventingdiseasevaccination.Hedevelopedvaccinestopreventdeadlydiseasesinanimalsandpeople.35/39TheinventorThomasEdisonwasanotherinfluentialscientist.HewasbornintheUnitedStatesin1847.Hisworkmadepossibletheprogressoftechnologyinthe20thcentury.AlmosteveryonehasbeenaffectedbytheinventionsofThomasEdison.Theseincludethemotionpictures,soundrecording,andelectriclight.TheyareonlythreeofthemanydevicesThomasEdisoninventedorhelpedtoimprove.Healsoinventeddevicestoimprovethetelephone.Heimprovedmachinesthatproducedelectricity.Andheworkedonmanyelectricmotors,includingthosefortrains.ThomasEdisononcesaidtheelectriclightwasthemostdifficulttodevelop.Healsocalledithismostimportantinvention.36/39OurnextscientistofthemillenniumistheAustriandoctorSigmundFreud.Hechangedscientificideasaboutthemind.DrFreudwasbornin1856inMoravia.Heestablishedtheideathatdreamshelpusunderstandourunconsciousself.Hesaidthisisthepartofthemindcontainingwishes,desires,orbadexperiencestoofrighteningtor