Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld重点单词测试课件高中英语人教版

B1U5LauguaesAroundTheWorldVocabularyUsageVocabulariesPart11.attituden.2.referto...--referencen.3.despiteprep.4.basedadj.--basev.&n.5.datebackto...6.varietyn.7.majoradj.&n.v.8.meansn.9.regardn.&v.10.charactern.11.affairn.12.appriciatev.1.attituden[C]&[U]

态度；看法：态度决定高度。Attitudedeterminesaltitude.对...持积极的态度have/take/developapositiveattitudeto/towards...Weshoulddevelopagoodattitudetolife.2008辽宁书面表达

姿势：Herhandswerefoldedinanattitudeofprayer(祈祷).2.referto...阅读理解中随处可见的refertoWhatdoestheunderlinedword“currency”inparagraph4referto （2020全国卷I阅读B篇）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumble”inparagraph2referto

（2019全国卷I阅读B篇）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inparagraph6referto(2021高一第一学年度期中考试)①referto指的是eg.Theword“phubber”referstothepeoplewhoareburiedintheirsmartphoneswithoutcaringaboutothers.phubbern.低头族refer(...)to

谈到；提到Thescientistreferredtoglobalwarmingatleastthreetimesinhisspeech.

查阅；参考

(consult)WhilegivingtheEnglishspeech,contestantsarenotallowedtorefertothenotes.

查字典refertothedictionary查单词？5

把……交送给：Thebosssaid,afterheretired(退休),hewouldrefer

thebusinessto

hiselderson.reference/ˈrefrəns/

n

[C]&[U]提及；涉及：[U]查阅；参考；[C]参考书目：

参考书referencebooksin/withreferenceto关于；根据……而论；考虑到：考虑到你的安全，我不建议你参加这个比赛。Inreferencetoyoursafety,Isuggestyou(should)notparticipateinthematch.

3.despiteprep.即使,尽管

despite=inspiteof+名词/代词/doingeg.Inspiteofupsanddowns,shenevergaveintothefate(命运).evenif/eventhough即使,虽然+句子

though/although即使,虽然+句子

(连词)(1)Myparentsloveme_______________myshortcomings.(2)___________thefactthatMr.Liisveryrich,heleadsasimplelife.(3)____________hefailedthecompetition,heneverloseheart.(3)Johnisagoodbasketballplayer_____________beingshortandthin.(4)___________theearthquakestruckTangshan,itstillrevivedandgotbackonitsfeet.despiteorevenifdespiteDespiteEvenifdespiteEvenif■

n[C]基部(bottom)；基础；总部；基地：Plantsarethebaseofthefoodchain.

ThebaseofBaiduisinBeijing,withmanybranches(分公司)acrossthecountry.4.base

■

vtbaseAon/uponB把A建立在B的基础之上我把自己的观点建立在事实的基础上。Ibasedmyopiniononfacts.=Myopinionwasbasedonfacts.bebasedon依据...,以...为基础

Thefilm_________________(base)onatruestory,anditisverypopular．＝____________(base)onatruestory,thefilmisverypopular．4.baseisbasedonBased--basedadj[构成复合词]……为基础的：computer-basedteachingAtthebeginning,writtenChinesewasapicture-basedlanguage.adj.basicVocabularyisthemostbasicrequirementinEnglishlearning.5.dateback(to...)

datebackto...＝datefrom...

+时间点追溯到……(1)

据信，中国书法至少可以追溯到汉代。ItisbelievedthatChinesecalligraphydatesbacktoatleasttheHanDynasty.(2)

每天有许多游客在这座可追溯到800年前的塔前拍照。Everydayanumberoftouriststakepicturesinfrontofthetower,_______________________asearlyas800yearsago.(3)Thetower_________________________________(追溯到800年前的)attractsanumberoftouristseveryday.whichdatesbacktodatingbackto800yearsago牢记datebackto只用一般现在时哟！6.varietyn.多样化；种类Chinesefoodisfamousforitswidevariety.a(wide)varietyof...＝varietiesof

...

种类繁多的variousadj.不同的；各种各样的varyvt.&vi.改变；变化varyfromAtoB从A到B不等Awide___________ofactivitieshavebeenofferedto__________studentsafterclassinthelastthreemonths.Theseactivities_______fromplayingtabletennistoplayingchess.varietyvariousvary7.major

■adj

[常用于名词前]主要的；重要的verylargeorimportant反minor：Themajorchallengeofthiscenturyistofindwaystomeettheneedsofagrowingpopulation.

2011广东主修科目majorsubjects■n[C](大学里的)主修科目；主修(某科目的)学生：IthinkIshouldchangemymajortoarthistory.AreyouanEnglishmajor既可指主修的科目，也可指主修某科目的学生■vi

主修；专攻：HeinspiresmetomajorinEnglishincollege,tobeabridgebetweenChinaandtheworld.8.meansn[单复数同形]手段；方法awayofdoingsthorachievingsthWatchingfilmsisregardedasagoodmeansofentertainment.2017江苏书面表达ameansoftransportation交通方式byallmeans尽一切办法；务必；[表示答应]当然可以(ofcourse)：Pleasebyallmeanshandinthereportontime.—CanIuseyourcar—Byallmeans.bymeansof[正式用语]借助；依靠：Thisisatwo-yearcoursetaughtbymeansoflectures.bythismeans通过这种方式=bynomeans决不；一点也不notatallbynomeans位于句首时，句子多用部分倒装语序。遇到困难时我们绝不能丧失信心。Bynomeansshouldweloseheartwhenmeetingdifficulties.

[U][正式用语]尊重respectoradmirationforsb/sth：

Burthadhighregardforhisoldlawprofessor.9.regard

[正式用语]关注attentiontoorcareforsb/sth：

Shehasnoregardforotherpeople’sfeelings.

[用复数]问候；致意：Pleasegivemyregardstoyourparents.with/inregardtosth[正式用语]关于某事=regarding.../about...Withregardtoreading,thereisasayingthatthereareathousandHamletsinathousandpeople’seyes.

n[不用于进行时]

把……看作；认为……是

tothinkaboutsb/sthinaparticularway：regardAasB认为A是BNeverregardstudyasaduty.Eventothisday,Lincolnis

regardedas(被认为)oneofthemostinspiringfiguresintheworld.

9.regard

vt亚伯拉罕·林肯（AbrahamLincoln，1809－1865），美国第16任总统。10.character/ˈkærəktə(r)/词源character来自希腊语kharakter“刻下的印记”，词源同carve。由此产生了

character

的词源义“符号”、“印记”。古希腊人认为，环境和人的成长经历会在人的身心留下印记，从而使其具有与众不同的性格特征，因此character又衍生出“性格、个性、特征”的含义。在文学、戏剧等艺术作品中，作者通过对人物性格的刻画，从而塑造出个性鲜明的人物，这种“人物角色”也被称为character。楔形文字甲骨文竹简10.character

n

[C]符号；文字：amusicalcharacter

Chinesecharacters

[U]特色；特性thequalitiesthatmakesb/sthdifferentfromothers

Thewholecharacteroftheschoolhaschangedsincehebecamethepresident.

[C][常用单数]性格：Shehasacheerfulbutquietcharacter.

[U](好的)品性；道德品质strongpersonalqualities：Sportscanbegoodforcharacterbuilding.

[C]人物；角色：cartooncharacters

aleadingcharacterinafilm

印记基本义charactercharacter语义网络图表达思想、传递信息等的印记性格特色；特性(好的)品性；道德品质人物；角色符号；文字在某物或某地刻下的印记环境和成长经历在人身上刻下的印记在人身上深深刻下的、好的印记在历史、影视等中刻下印记的人11.affair/əˈfeə(r)/

n[C]

[用复数]事务importantpersonal,business,national,etc.matters：theMinistryofForeignAffairs

current/international/business/globalaffairs

[常用单数]事件；事情aneventorsituation：theWatergateaffair

暧昧关系；私情：haveanaffairwithsb与某人有暧昧关系aloveaffair风流韵事12.appreciate

vt[不用于进行时]基本义：tounderstandsth

理解；明白

tounderstandsth(aproblem,situation,etc.)IttookmealongtimebeforeIwasabletofullyappreciate

whatmyparentshaddoneforme.

欣赏；赏识tounderstandhowgoodorusefulsborsthis.Histalentsaren’tappreciatedbyhisboss,whichmakeshimdepressed.

感激；感谢

tobegrateful/thankfulforsth①appreciate(sb)doingsth:Ireallyappreciateworking(work)withsomeonewhodoessuchagoodjob.②I’dappreciateitif…:如果您能给我这个机会我将不胜感激。Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldgivemetheopportunity欣赏；赏识感激；感谢欣赏；赏识；鉴赏appreciateappreciation感激；感谢理解；明白理解；认识词汇拓展appreciation

n[U]1.Shehadnoappreciationofthedifficultieswewerefacing.2.ChineseartshavewontheappreciationofalotofpeopleoutsideChina.3.Iwouldliketoexpressmyappreciationtoyouall.appreciativeadj=Iamappreciativeofyourtimelyhelp.VocabulariesPart21.specificadj.2.strugglen.&v.3.begv.4.equaln.&adj.5.demandn.&v.6.descriptionn.--describev.7.relatev.--relateto...8.the+比较级...，the+比较级...1.specific/spəˈsɪfɪk/adj.Scanning(寻读)islookingatthetextquicklytofindspecificinformation,suchasdatesornumbers.a.detailedorexact具体的，详细的eg.Inthisarticle,youneedtobackupgeneralstatementswith_____________________(具体的例子).specificexampleseg.Themoneyisintendedtobeusedforspecific

purposes.b.particular特定的，特有的eg.您可以详细地说明您的需求吗？Canyoubemorespecificaboutyourneedsspecificpurposes特定用途2.struggle/ˈstrʌɡ(ə)l/n.WhenIstartedstudyingGerman,itwasastruggle.Thewordsfeltstrangeonmytongue,andthegrammarwouldnotstayinmymind.a.--n.斗争，搏斗；难事；挣扎eg.Choosingmajorsisastruggleformoststudents.eg.Nevergiveupwithoutstruggle.b.--n.奋斗；努力(hardwork,effort)2.struggle/ˈstrʌɡ(ə)l/v.a.Hawkinghadbeenstrugglingwithillnessforyears.b.Tinastruggledupthestairswithaheavysuitcase.

c.NelsonMandelastruggledfortherightofblackpeople.a.与……斗争：strugglewith/against...b.艰难地行进:strugglealong/through/up/outof...c.为……奋斗/努力:strugglefor...struggletodo...2.struggle/ˈstrʌɡ(ə)l/v.d.Thoughbornwithoutfeet,NickVujicicstrugglestohisfeetallhislife.struggletoone’sfeet

挣扎着站起来e.Whenlearningphysicsandmath,Iamstruggling.sb.bestruggling某人在苦苦挣扎(1)Manystudentswillstruggle_________(find)asenseofbelongingafterenteringcollege.(2)Likeitornot,ouradultliveswillstruggle_________money.(3)Mostofhiselderlifehasbeenalosingstruggle______________debt(债务)andmisfortune(不幸).(4)Themantookalong,deepbreath,____________(struggle)tocontrolhisownemotions.2.struggle/ˈstrʌɡ(ə)l/n.&v.tofindforwith/againststruggling3.begv.(begged,begging)Ibegyourpardon.请你在说一遍好吗？/你说什么？(略生气)a.请求；乞求我请求你(您)的原谅。/对不起。eg.他们向我求助。Theybeggedmeforhelp/afavour.beg(sb.)forsth.向某人请求/恳求......eg.PercyButtonsisabeggar,whooftenbegsforamealandsomebeerfromhisneighbours.b.乞讨---n.乞丐：beggar4.equaln.IfIamtalkingtoaclosefriend,Icanuseshortrequests(请求),like“Openthewindow”--ourrelationshipiscloseandwe’reequals,soIonlyneedafewwordstobridgethegapbetweenus.如果我是跟一位好朋友说话，我可以用简短的请求，比如

“打开窗户”，这是因为我们的关系亲密，彼此平等，所以我只需要几个字就能消除我们之间的隔阂(让对方明白我的意思).equaln.同等的人/相等物eg.(1)Thegoodthingaboutherasabossisthatshetreatsusallasequals.hasnoequal没有对手；无可匹敌(2)Asanall-roundathlete(全能运动员)hehasnoequal(=no-oneelseisasgoodashim).4.equaladj.(1)Tosomebusinessmen,timeandmoneyareequalinvalue(价值).(2)Allhumanbeingsareequal.(3)ThesceneryinChinaisequaltoanyintheworld.(4)Withvariousskills,heisequaltoanyjobinthecompany.在……方面相等：beequalin(size/height/value...)平等的比得上……；与……同样出色：beequalto...(人)能胜任……：beequalto...1.InSeniorHighSchool,makingeffortsandorganizingyourtimeare__________(equal)important.2.Theyliveandworktogetherincomplete(完全的)_________(equal)andbrotherhood(兄弟情谊).equallyequallyad.平等地equalityequalityn.平等我有一个梦想，梦想这国家要高举并履行其信条的真正涵义；我们信守这些不言自明的真理：人人生而平等。——马丁·路德·金Allmenarecreatedequal.人人生而平等。4.equalv.等于；比得上：(1)Threeplusnine

equals/is

twelve.(2)Nootherfemaleequalsherinstrength.5.demand/dɪˈmɑːnd//dɪˈmænd/n.ButifI’mtalkingtosomeonewhoisn’tveryclosetome,Imustmakemyrequestlonger—andImustmakeitaquestion,notademand,e.g.,“Couldyouopenthewindow,please”demandn.要求

astrongrequestororderthatmustbeobeyedeg.Theemployersagreedtomeettheworkers’demandforhigherpay.满足某人的要求：meet/satisfyone’sdemand(for)...demandn.(顾客)需要；(市场)需求eg.(1)Themarketdependsondemandandsupply....in(great)demand...需求大；...(迫切)需求中(2)好老师总是很受欢迎。(2)Goodteachersarealwaysin(great)demand.(1)Thisisaverydifficultpieceofmusictoplay-it___________(demand)alotofconcentration.(2)She

demanded___________(know)thetruth.(3)Thelibrariandemandedthatthebooks_____________________(put)backtotherightplace.5.demand/dɪˈmɑːnd//dɪˈmænd/v.demandstoknow(should)beput要求……：demandsth要求做……：demandtodo...要求某人做某事：demandthatsb.(should)do...要求某事被做：demandthatsth.(should)bedone.--demandingadj.(1)Policeworkisphysicallydemandingandstressful.(2)MybossissodemandingthatIhavetopushmyselftothelimit.(3)She'saverydemandingchild,whichoftenannoysherparents.(1)耗费时间的,要求高的;(2)苛刻的;(3)难满足的,不省心的6.descriptionn.描写；描述Doesthewritergiveacleardescriptionoftheproblemgiveaclear/detailed/briefdescriptionof...对……进行清晰的/详细的/简短的描述Thescenerythereisso