2024年山东省济宁市中考英语真题【含答案、详细介绍】

试卷第=page88页，共=sectionpages99页试卷第=page99页，共=sectionpages99页2024年山东省济宁市中考英语真题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Darrell:Marina...Marina...MARINA!Marina:Oh,sorry.Ididn’thearyou.Iwasthinkingaboutmyhomework.Darrell:What’sitabout?Marina:Well,Ineedtodrawafuturehouseformyartclass,butIhaven’tgotanyideas.MaybeIshouldgotothelibraryandlookforsomethinguseful.Darrell:OryoucantryPinterest.Marina:Isn’titashoppingapp?Darrell:Notreally.ManypeoplesharetheirworksonPinterestandtellyouhowtheymadethem.I’msureyoucangetsomeideasthere.Marina:Soundslikeyouuseitoften.Darrell:Yeah.JustlastweekIwentthereandfoundtheAtoZofmakingchocolatecake—fromchoosinggoodchocolatetobaking(烘烤)thecaketomakingsugarflowersontop.Marina:Really?I’llcheckitoutlater.Thanksalot.1．What’sMarina’shomework?A．Todrawafuturehouse. B．Togetideasforopeningalibrary.C．Tolookforsomethingusefultodo. D．Todosomeshoppingforherartclass.2．WhydidDarrelltellMarinatogotoPinterest?A．Togetashoppingapp. B．Tomeetsomenewfriends.C．Tofindsomehelpfulexamples. D．Toshareherworkswithpeople.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“AtoZ”mean?A．Allletters. B．Chocolatecakes.C．Sugarflowersontop. D．Everythingaboutsomething.4．Whatshouldyoudoifyoufindababybirdhurt?A．Justleaveitthere. B．Calltheanimalcenter.C．Putitbacktoitsnest. D．Feeditwithhealthyfood.5．Whyshouldyoudonothingaboutanunhurtbabybirdwithfeathers?A．Becauseyoumighthurtit. B．Becauseitislearningtofly.C．Becauseitisafraidofpeople D．Becauseitsmotherwillfinditsoon.6．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutmotherbirds?A．Theydon’tcareabouttheirbabies.B．Theypushtheirbabiesoutoftheirnest.C．Theydon’tmindthesmellofpeopleontheirbabies.D．Theywillgiveuptheirbabiesifthere’ssmellofpeopleonthem.7．Wheredoyoumostprobablyfindthispassage?A．Inanewspaper. B．Inanengineer’sdiary.C．Inatouristguidebook. D．Inastudent’snotebook.Haveyoueverseenorusedasaw,or“ju”inChinese?Doyouknowwhoinventedit?TheinventorwasLuBan.HewasborninthestateofLuinancientChinamorethan2,500yearsago.ThatiswhereQufuliesintheeastofJining.LuBanwasthegreatestcarpenter(木匠)inhistime.Oncethekingorderedhimandhisteamtobuildapalaceinaveryshorttime.Theywouldbepunishediftheymissedthedeadline(最后期限).Theyhadonlyaxes,orfuziinChinese,tocutthetreesandpreparethewoodforthepalace,soworkwasveryslow.OnedayLuBanrushedupthehilltoseehowthingsweregoing.Suddenlythesharpteethofaleafcuthishand.Thenabrightideacameintohishead.Soonhemadeatoolwithteethalongthesideofalongironbar(条状物).Withthistool,workbecamemuchfaster,andtheycompletedtheworkbeforethedeadline.Thatishowthesawwasinvented.LuBaninventedmanyotherusefultoolsforcarpentersandinterestingtoysfchildren.TheWoodenBird,forexample,couldstayintheairforthreedays.That’swhyheisregardedastheGodofCarpentry.8．Inwhichpicturecanyouseeasaw?A． B． C． D．9．WhatdidthekingorderLuBanandhismentodo?A．Useonlyaxes. B．Buildapalacequickly.C．Cutthetrees. D．Preparethewood.10．WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytellus?A．HowLuBan’shandwashurt. B．WhyLuBaninventedthesaw.C．Howthesawwasinvented. D．Howthepalacewascompleted.11．WhichofthefollowingdidLuBan’sWoodenBirdworklike?A．Abike. B．Akite. C．Aship. D．Acar.Sometimeswhentherainfallshardandfastonyou,itmighthurtalittle.Butwhathappenswhenithitsamosquito(蚊子)?In2012,DavidHu,ascientistatGeorgiaTech,becameinterestedinthisproblemanddecidedtodoaresearch.Heusedahigh-speedcamerasothathecouldwatchthemosquitoesinveryslowmotionandfindoutwhatthey’redoingwhenthey’reoutintherain.Whathefoundisthatwhenaraindropfallsonamosquito,it’slikewhenabushitsaperson.Besides,thelittleinsect(昆虫)ishitbyaraindropaboutonceevery20seconds.Sowhydon’tweseemanydeadmosquitoesafteritrains?Amosquitoisasbigasaraindrop,butitismuchlighter—0.002gonly.Thissavesitslifeinraindrophits.Becausethemosquitoissolight,whenitishitbyaraindrop,itwon’texperienceaforcethatisstrongenoughtokillit.Thestudyalsofoundthatwhenamosquitoishitbyaraindrop,theinsectispushedbytheraindropandfallstogetherwithit.Butthemosquitodoesn’tgetweteasilybecauseitiscoveredwithhairswhichkeepoffwater.Afterdroppingabout6cm,itwillrollofftheraindropandflyaway.However,thistrickisn’talwayssuccessful.Ifthemosquitofliestoolowwhenitishitbytheraindrop,itwon’thavetimetoflyoff.Thenitwillhitthegroundandmeetitsdeath.12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“motion”mean?A．Time. B．Movie. C．Step. D．Movement.13．Whatprotectmosquitoesintherain?A．Theirmouthsandtheirnoses. B．Theireyesandtheirears.C．Theirlegsandtheirwings. D．Theirbodyweightandtheirhairs.14．Whenisitdangerousforamosquitointherain?A．Whenitfliestooclosetotheground.B．Whentherainfallstoohardandtoofast.C．Whenitishitbyraindropstoomanytimes.D．Whenitdropsformorethan6cmintherain.15．Whichofthefollowingisapropertitleforthepassage?A．HowRaindropsHurtMosquitoes B．WhenMosquitoesAreinDangerC．WhyMosquitoesAren’tHurtinRain D．WhenMosquitoesMeetTheirDeath二、单词拼写16．Myfavoritecolorisy.17．I’mgoingtocamealforDadonFather’sDay.18．—Couldyoupleasetellmeyouremaila?—Ofcourse.Mary@163.com.19．Eatingtoomuchjunkfoodishtoyourhealth.20．Janeisofmedium(身高),andshehascurlyhair.21．Theteacher’s(善良)haschangedmealot.22．It’snecessaryforyoutolearntomakeyourown(选择).23．ItissaidthatShenNongwasthefirstto(发现)teaasadrink.三、短文填空DoyouknowChatGPT?It’sanartificialintelligence(AI人工智能)tool.Itcananswerquestions,tell24(story),anddomuchmore.Butit’svery“thirsty”,saidanewstudy.ChatGPThas“homes”aroundtheworldindata(数据)centers.25itworks,thecomputersinthedatacentersgetveryhot.Workersthenhavetousewatertocool26(they)down.Coldwatergoesintothepipes(管子)nearthecomputers.WhenyouaskChatGPT20to50questions,it“drinks”500millilitersofwater!InXi’an,thereisarestaurantownernamedXiongWencheng.He27(offer)the“No.6combo”—afreemeal,tohelppeopleinneedforthreeyears.Thereisasignontherestaurantdoor,itsays,“28you29(experience)ahardtimeinXi’annow?Ifyoucan’taffordameal,youcanentertherestaurantandaskforthe‘No.6combo’.”The“No.6combo”ismadeupofabowlofspicysoup,locallycalledhulatang,andabaijimo.It30(consider)asasecretcode(暗号)betweenthecustomerandtherestaurant.Withthissecretcode,theonewhoisinneedcanask31helpwithoutfeelingembarrassed.Actually,it’snot32easyplan.Thecostofthecombois8yuan.Evenif20peopleaskforit,it33(cost)160yuan.Besidesthe“No.6combo”,therestauranthasbeenservingfreebreakfasttostreetsanitationworkers(环卫工人)since2015.Whenaskedwhyhedidthat,Xiong34(say),“It’spossibleforanyonetomeetdifficulties.Ihopethatthosewhoreceivehelpwill,inturn,giveahandtoothers.”四、选词填空阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词语填空。方框中有两个词语为多余选项。answer,disappear,hard,like,or,unhappy,satdown,stoodup,whileInavillagenearadesertlivedayoungandsuccessfulbusinessmannamedJames.Heoftenfelt35becauseoftheendlesschallengeshefaced.Oneday,awiseoldmancametothevillagewith100camels(骆驼).Jameswenttoseehimandsaid,“Ialwayshavebusinessworries,familytroublesandhealthproblems.Pleasetellmehowtomakethem36.”Theoldmansmiledandsaid,“I’llgiveyouan37tomorrowmorning.Butfirst,canyoudoasmallthingforme?”Jamesagreed.Theoldmanaskedhimtotakecareofthe100camelsforthenight,makingsurethattheyall38andrestedbeforehecouldgotosleep.Thenextmorning,theoldmanaskedJameshowhisnightwent.Jamessaidsadly,“Ididn’tsleepatall.NomatterhowItried,Icouldn’tgetallthecamelstosittogether.EvenifImanagedtogetsomecamelstositononeside,afewotherswouldstandontheotherside.”“That’strue.Somecamelssatdownontheirown,39othersrequiredsomeeffort,andyetmanycamelsdidnotsitevenafterquitealotofeffort,”theoldmansaid.Jamesnodded.Theoldmancontinued,“Yourproblemsarejust40thecamels.Therearealwayssomeproblemsthatcannotgetsolvedevenifyou’vetriedyourbest.Leavesuchproblemstotimeuntilonedaytheythemselvescometoanend.”Jamesfeltasenseofunderstanding.Itcompletelychangedthewayhesawlife’schallenges.五、任务型阅读阅读短文，根据要求完成下面小题。ChinesecalligraphyChinesecalligraphyisabeautifulartformofwritingChinesecharacters(汉字).Ithasalonghistory.Peopleusebrushesandink(墨汁)towritecharactersonspecialpapercalledxuanpaper.Anditislovedbypeopleallovertheworld.Chinesecalligraphyhasmanydifferentstyles.Zhuanshu,lishu,kaishu,xingshuandcaoshuarequitewellknowntopeople.Asweallknow,YanzhenqingisfamousforkaishuandWangXizhiforxingshu.Eachstylehasitsownbeauty.Chinesecalligraphyneedsbothskillandpractice.Thetypeofbrush,ink,andpaperusedcaninfluencethewriting.Calligraphyisnotjustwriting,itisanartformthatshowsthewriter’sfeelingsandthoughts(思想).Chinesecalligraphyisalivingheritage(遗产)thatconnectsustoourhistoryandtraditions.ItisanimportantpartofChinesecultureandaddsbeautytoourlives.Forexample,theSpringFestivalcouplets(春联)addmorehappinesstothefestival.Manypeopleenjoycalligraphy.Whetheryouareabeginneroranexpert,calligraphyissomethingthatanyonecanenjoy.41．WhatisChinesecalligraphy?(nomorethan11words)42．WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?(nomorethan8words)43．WhatexampleisgiventoshowChinesecalligraphyaddsbeautytoourlives?(nomorethan10words)44．请将文中画线的句子翻译成汉语。45．请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。六、书面表达46．你校英文报编辑想了解最受学生欢迎的英语社团活动。假如你是英语课代表李华，请结合下图你班的调查结果，给编辑写一篇报告。内容须包括：1.调查结果的描述及简单评价；2.你本人最喜欢的社团活动（从调查结果中任选其一）及理由陈述。最受学生欢迎的英语社团活动注意：1.文中不得出现任何透露考生真实身份的信息；2.100词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。参考词汇：takepartin,raiseone’sinterest(in),behelpfulto,improveone’sEnglish,learnmoreaboutdifferentculturesDeareditor,YesterdaywedidasurveyinourclassaboutthemostpopularactivitiesbytheschoolEnglishclub.Herearetheresults._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LiHua答案第=page66页，共=sectionpages77页答案第=page77页，共=sectionpages77页参考答案：1．A2．C3．D【导语】本文主要讲述了Darrell建议Marina使用Pinterest来获取绘制未来房子的灵感。1．细节理解题。根据“Well,Ineedtodrawafuturehouseformyartclass,butIhaven’tgotanyideas.”可知，Marina的作业是为她的美术课画一座未来的房子。故选A。2．细节理解题。根据“ManypeoplesharetheirworksonPinterestandtellyouhowtheymadethem.I’msureyoucangetsomeideasthere.”可知，Darrell建议Marina去Pinterest是为了找到一些有用的例子。故选C。3．词义猜测题。根据“JustlastweekIwentthereandfoundtheAtoZofmakingchocolatecake—fromchoosinggoodchocolatetobaking(烘烤)thecaketomakingsugarflowersontop.”可知，Darrell在Pinterest上找到了制作巧克力蛋糕的所有步骤，从选择好的巧克力到烘烤蛋糕再到制作糖花。因此，“AtoZ”指的是关于某事物的所有内容。故选D。4．B5．B6．C7．A【导语】本文主要介绍了在发现受伤或未受伤的小鸟时应该采取的正确措施，以及一些关于母鸟行为的常识。4．细节理解题。根据“IfthebirdisHURT:Calltheanimalcenter(0-123-4567)”可知，如果发现鸟受伤了，应该打电话给动物中心。故选B。5．细节理解题。根据“IfithasFEATHERS:Justleaveitthere!(It’slearninghowtofly!)”可知，对于一只没有受伤且有羽毛的小鸟，什么都不做的原因是它正在学习飞行，因为这个阶段的小鸟需要练习飞行技能，而不是人为干预。故选B。6．细节理解题。根据“Peoplebelievebirdswillgiveuptheirbabiesiftheyhavethesmellofpeopleonthem；WRONG!Birdsdon’tcare”可知，母鸟不在乎鸟宝宝身上有人类的气味，母鸟不会因为小鸟身上有人的气味而放弃它们。故选C。7．推理判断题。本文介绍了关于如何处理发现小鸟的建议，最有可能出现在报纸上。故选A。8．A9．B10．C11．B【导语】本文介绍了中国古代著名的木匠鲁班及其发明的锯子。8．细节理解题。根据“Soonhemadeatoolwithteethalongthesideofalongironbar(条状物).”可知，很快，他制作了一个长铁棒侧面有齿的工具，A选项符合。故选A。9．细节理解题。根据“Oncethekingorderedhimandhisteamtobuildapalaceinaveryshorttime”可知，国王命令鲁班和他的团队在很短的时间内建造一座宫殿。故选B。10．段落大意题。根据“Suddenlythesharpteethofaleafcuthishand.Thenabrightideacameintohishead.Soonhemadeatoolwithteethalongthesideofalongironbar(条状物).”可知，第四段主要介绍了锯子是如何被发明的。故选C。11．细节理解题。根据“TheWoodenBird,forexample,couldstayintheairforthreedays”可知，鲁班的木鸟可以在空中停留三天，类似于风筝的飞行方式，故选B。12．D13．D14．A15．C【导语】本文讲述了科学家DavidHu对雨滴撞击蚊子的研究。12．词义猜测题。根据“Heusedahigh-speedcamerasothathecouldwatchthemosquitoes”可知，高速相机可以以非常慢的动作观察蚊子，所以motion表示“动作”。故选D。13．细节理解题。根据“Amosquitoisasbigasaraindrop,butitismuchlighter—0.002gonly.Thissavesitslifeinraindrophits.”和“Butthemosquitodoesn’tgetweteasilybecauseitiscoveredwithhairswhichkeepoffwater.Afterdroppingabout6cm,itwillrollofftheraindropandflyaway.”可知，蚊子的体重和毛发能在雨中保护蚊子。故选D。14．细节理解题。根据“Ifthemosquitofliestoolowwhenitishitbytheraindrop,itwon’thavetimetoflyoff.Thenitwillhitthegroundandmeetitsdeath”可知，如果蚊子飞得太低，被雨滴击中后没有时间飞走，就会撞到地面而死亡。故选A。15．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了为什么蚊子在雨中不会受伤。故选C。16．(y)ellow【详解】句意：我最喜欢的颜色是黄色。根据“Myfavoritecolor”和首字母可知，空处是表示颜色的词，yellow“黄色”符合语境。故填(y)ellow。17．(c)ook【详解】句意：父亲节那天我打算为爸爸做一顿饭。根据“ameal”可知，是指做饭，应用cookameal。begoingtodo“打算做”。故填(c)ook。18．(a)ddress【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你的电子邮件地址吗？——当然。Mary@163.com。根据“Couldyoupleasetellmeyouremaila...”和“Mary@163.com.”可知，此处询问“邮件地址”，emailaddress“邮件地址”。故填(a)ddress。19．harmful【详解】句意：吃太多的垃圾食品对你的健康有害。根据所给空前面的“is”可知，应该填的是形容词作表语，由“Eatingtoomuchjunkfood”和后面的“yourhealth”可知，吃太多的垃圾食品对你的健康有害，beharmfulto意为“对……有害”，故填harmful。20．height【详解】句意：简中等身材，她有一头卷发。beofmediumheight表示“中等身高”。故填height。21．kindness【详解】句意：老师的善良使我改变了很多。空处在句中作主语，且位于名词所有格后面，需用名词形式。kindness“善良”，名词。故填kindness。22．choices【详解】句意：你有必要学会自己做选择。choice“选择”，可数名词，应用复数表示泛指。故填choices。23．discover【详解】句意：据说神农是第一个发现茶是一种饮料的人。discover“发现”，动词；bethefirsttodosth表示“第一个做某事”，空处用不定式作定语。故填discover。24．stories25．When26．them【导语】本文介绍了人工智能工具——ChatGPT。24．句意：它可以回答问题，讲故事，以及做更多的事情。tellstories“讲故事”，固定短语。故填stories。25．句意：当它工作时，数据中心的计算机会变得非常热。由“…itworks,thecomputersinthedatacentersgetveryhot”可知，此处指当它工作的时候，数据中心的计算机会变热，应用when引导时间状语从句，位于句首首字母需大写。故填When。26．句意：工人们不得不用水给它们降温。由“cool…down”可知，动词后跟宾格。故填them。27．hasbeenoffering28．Are29．experiencing30．isconsidered31．for32．an33．willcost34．said【导语】本文讲述了西安的一位餐馆老板熊文成提供免费餐点“套餐六”来帮助有需要的人，并且自2015年以来一直为街道环卫工人提供免费早餐的故事。27．句意：三年来，他一直在提供“套餐六”——免费餐，以帮助有需要的人。根据“forthreeyears”可知，此处是强调三年来这个动作一直在进行，应用现在完成进行时：have/hasbeendoing。主语是三单，助动词用has。故填hasbeenoffering。28．句意：餐馆的门上有一个牌子，上面写着：“你现在在西安过得很艰难吗？……”根据“now”可知，本句是现在进行时(bedoing)，且此处是疑问句，主语是you，直接将be动词are提至句首。故填Are。29．句意：餐馆的门上有一个牌子，上面写着：“你现在在西安过得很艰难吗？……”根据“now”可知，本句是现在进行时(bedoing)，空处需用现在分词experiencing。故填experiencing。30．句意：它被认为是顾客和餐馆之间的暗号。根据“The‘No.6combo’ismadeupofabowlofspicysoup,”可知，本句是一般现在时，且主语“It”和动词“consider”之间是被动关系，需用一般现在时的被动语态(am/is/are)。主语It是单数，be动词用is，consider的过去分词为considered。故填isconsidered。31．句意：有了这个暗号，有需要的人可以寻求帮助而不会感到尴尬。根据“ask...help”可知，此处是短语askforhelp，表示“寻求帮助”。故填for。32．句意：事实上，这不是一个简单的计划。空处泛指“一个简单的计划”，且“easy”以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。33．句意：即使20个人要，也要花160元。根据“Evenif20peopleaskforit,it...(cost)160yuan.”可知，Evenif引导让步状语从句时，如果主从句动作都尚未发生，则遵循“主将从现”原则，即空处所在句子是一般将来时(willdo)。故填willcost。34．句意：当被问及为什么这样做时，熊说：“任何人都有可能遇到困难。……”根据“Whenaskedwhyhedidthat”可知，说话动作发生在过去，使用一般过去时。故填said。35．unhappy36．disappear37．answer38．satdown39．while40．like【导语】本文讲述了一个年轻成功的商人詹姆斯在面对生活中的各种挑战时感到不快乐，向一位智者求助的故事。智者通过让詹姆斯照顾骆驼的经历，告诉他有些问题即使尽力也无法解决，需要时间来解决。35．句意：他经常感到不开心，因为他面临着无尽的挑战。空处应填形容词作表语，结合前后语境和选词可知，unhappy“不开心的”符合语境。故填unhappy。36．句意：请告诉我如何让它们消失。根据“Ialwayshavebusinessworries,familytroublesandhealthproblems”结合选词可知，是指让这些不好的事情消失。disappear“消失”，makesbdosth“使某人做某事”，故填disappear。37．句意：我明天早上给你答复。空处应填单数名词，且以元音音素开头，结合选词可知，answer“答案”符合语境。故填answer。38．句意：老人让他照顾这100头骆驼过夜，确保它们都坐下来休息，然后他才能睡觉。根据下文“Somecamelssatdownontheirown”可知，是指骆驼自己坐了下来。sitdown“坐下来”，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填satdown。39．句意：有的骆驼自己坐了下来，有的骆驼需要费点劲才能坐下来，但还有很多骆驼费了很大劲也坐不下来。根据“Somecamelssatdownontheirown,...othersrequiredsomeeffort”可知，前后表示对比，可以用while表示“然而”。故填while。40．句意：你的问题就像骆驼一样。根据“Yourproblemsarejust...thecamels.”可知，这里表示比喻，可以用介词like“像”。故填like。41．ItisabeautifulartformofwritingChinesecharacters.42．DifferentstylesofChinesecalligraphy.43．TheSpringFestivalcouplets.44．书法不仅仅是写字，它是一种展示书写者情感和思想的艺术形式。45．TheArtofChi