考研英语阅读模拟224

［模拟］考研英语阅读模拟224

多项选择

Oneofthequestionsthatiscomingintofocusaswefacegrowing

scarcityofresourcesofmanykindsintheworldishowtodividelimited

resourcesamongcountries.Intheinternationaldevelopmentcommunity,the

conventionalwisdomhasbeenthatthe2billionpeoplelivinginpoor

countriescouldneverexpecttoreachthestandardoflivingthatmost

ofusinNorthAmericaenjoy,simplybecausetheworlddoesnotcontain

enoughironore,protein,petroleum,andsoon.Atthesametime,weinthe

UnitedStateshavecontinuedtopursuesuperaffluenceasthoughtherewere

nolimitsonhowmuchwecouldconsume.Wemakeup6percentoftheworld，s

people；yetweconsumeone-thirdoftheworld，sresources.

Aslongastheresourcesweconsumedeachyearcameprimarily

fromwithinourownboundaries,thiswaslargelyaninternalmatter.But

asourresourcescomemoreandmorefromtheoutsideworld,“outsiders”

aregoingtohavesomesayovertherateatwhichandtermsunderwhich

weconsume.Wewillnolongerbeabletothinkintermsof“our”resources

and“their”resources,butonlyofcommonresources.

AsAmericansconsumingsuchadisproportionateshareofthe

world'sresources,wehavetoquestionwhetherornotwecancontinueour

pursuitofsuperaffluenceinaworldofscarcity.Wearenowreachingthe

pointwherewemustcarefullyexaminethepresumedlinkbetweenourlevel

ofwell-beingandthelevelofmaterialgoodsconsumed.Ifyouhaveonly

onecrustofbreadandgetanothercrustofbread,yourwell-beingis

greatlyenhanced.Butifyouhavealoafofbread,thenanadditionalcrust

ofbreaddoesn，tmakethatmuchdifference.Intheeyesofmostoftheworld

today,Americanshavetheirloafofbreadandareaskingforstill

more.Peopleelsewherearebeginningtoaskwhy.Thisisthequestionwe're

goingtohavetoanswer,whetherwe'retryingtopersuadecountriestostep

uptheirexportsofoiltousortryingtoconvincethemthatweought

tobepermittedtomaintainourshareoftheworldfishcatch.

Theprospectofascarcityof,andcompetitionfor,theworld，s

resourcesrequiresthatwereexaminethewayinwhichwerelatetothe

restoftheworld.Itmeanswefindwaysofcuttingbackonresource

consumptionthatisdependentontheresourcesandcooperationofother

countries.Wecannotexpectpeopleinthesecountriestoconcern

themselveswithourworseningenergyandfoodshort-agesunlesswe

demonstratesomeconcernforthehunger,illiteracyanddiseasethatare

diminishinglifeforthem.

scarcity(n.)缺乏，不足ironore铁矿石

disproportionate(adj.)不成比例的

i

prospect(n.)前景,前途illiteracy(n.)文盲diminish

(v.)减少，减小

superaffluence(n.)过分富裕

□

第1题：

ThewriterwarnsAmericansthat.

A.theirexcessiveconsumptionhascausedworldresourceexhaustion

B.theyareconfrontedwiththeproblemofhowtoobtainmorematerial

goods

C.theirunfairshareoftheworld*sresourcesshouldgivewaytoproper

divisionamongcountries

D.theyhavetodiscardtheircarsforlackoffossilfuelintheworld

参考答案：C

答案解析：

本文主要讨论了世界资源分配的问题。第一段：美国人消耗过多的世界资源是

不合理的。第二段：我们每天消耗的资源不仅仅是“国内”问题，它是全世界

的资源。第三段：美国人是否有权继续如此消耗资源。第四段：我们应该重新

审视资源消耗问题。［C］主旨题。第一段表明，美国人消耗过多的世界资源是不

合理的，各国分享有限资源的问题iscomingintofocus（变得很明显了）。据

此，［C］项可取，其中givewayto意同bereplacedby（被取代，让位于）。

［A］项中的exhaustion（耗尽;枯竭）不符合文中的scarcity（缺乏；不足）。［B］

项与文意相反。［D］项文中未提及，且不符合实际情况。

第2题：

Accordingtothepassage,ithaslongbeenbelievedthat_______.

A.peopleinpoorcountriesscarcelyknowhowtoenjoyahighstandard

ofliving

B.theworld，sresourcesbeinglimited,thepeopleinunderdeveloped

countriesareboundtoliveapoorlife

C.mostAmericansknowthattheworld，sresourcesofmanykindsare

becomingscarce

D.itisimpossibleforallthepeopleintheworldtoimprovetheir

livingstandards

参考答案：B

答案解析：

［B］推断题。题干中的ithaslongbeenbelieved（人们长期以来一直认为）

与第一段第二句中的”...theconventionalwisdom（意同knowledge学识；常

识）hasbeenthat（传统的看法一直是）”意思一致，而［B］项内容与该句中的

that从句内容相当，故为正确答案。［A］项为无中生有，［C］项与文意相悖，［D］

2

文章中并无依据，皆应排除。

第3题：

Bycommonresources（Line5,Para.2）,thewritermeansthat.

A.theresourcespossessedbytheUnitedStatesshouldbesharedby

othercountries

B.Americanshavetherighttoconsumeresourcesbothfromtheirhome

countryandfromabroad

C.itisdifficulttodistinguishtheresourcespossessedbyAmerica

fromthosepossessedbyothercountries

D.alltheresourcesintheworldshouldbesharedbyallthecountries

参考答案：D

答案解析：

［D］细节题。［A］、［B］、［C］三项皆不符合第二段文意，只有［D］项为其意思的正

确表述。第二段第二句中havesomesayover意为havesomerighttoexpress

one，sopinions,etc.（对…有一定发言权）。

第4题：

Thewritergivestheexampleofbreadtoshowthat.

A.theUnitedStateshasbeenmuchricherthananyothercountries

B.theUnitedStateshasacquiredmorethanwhatithascontributed

C.theUnitedStateshasbeentoogreedyinitspursuitof

superaffluence

D.theUnitedStatesismorecapableofpursuingaffluencethanother

countries

参考答案：C

答案解析：

［C］推断题。面包的例子出现在第三段第三、四句，而第五句明确地说“Americans

havetheirloafofbreadandareaskingforstillmore”（美国人已经拿

到了应得之物，可是还在要求得到更多。）

第5题：

Whatistheconclusionofthispassage?

A.TheUnitedStateswillbeisolatedifitdoesnotstoppursuing

superaffluence.

B.ThepoorcountrieswillnolongersupplytheUnitedStateswiththeir

goods.

C.TheUnitedStatesshouldcareaboutthewell-beingofother

countries.

D.ItistimefortheAmericanstohelpthepeopleinpoorcountries

toimprovetheirlivingstandards.

3

参考答案：C

答案解析：

［C］推断题。文章的结论在末段，尤其是最后一句：“我们只有关心使其他各国

人民生活水平低下的饥饿，无知和疾病，才能指望他们关心我国的能源匮乏和食

物短缺。”［C］项"美国关心他国的福利”。符合此题，为正确选项。［A］、［B］

两项是想当然的说法，文中未提。［D］项则超出了此文结论的要求：末段只要求

美国人findwaysofcuttingbackonresourcesconsumption（找到削减资源

消耗的办法）及demonstratesomeconcernfor...（对…表示某种关心），并

未要求“帮助别国人民提高生活水平"，故不宜选。

Whenyouthinkofthetremendoustechnologicalprogresswehave

made,it'samazinghowlittlewehavedevelopedinotherrespects.Wemay

speakcontemptuouslyofthepooroldRomansbecausetheyrelishedthe

orgiesofslaughterthatwentonintheirarenas.Wemaydespisethem

becausetheymistookthesegoingsonforentertainment.Wemayfor-give

themcondescendinglybecausetheylived2000yearsagoandobviouslyknew

nobetter.Butareourfeelingsofsuperiorityreallyjustified?Arewe

anylessblood-thirsty?Whydoboxingmatches,forinstance,attractsuch

universalinterest?Don，tthespectatorswhoattendthemhopetheywill

seesomeviolence?Humanbeingsremainasbloodthirstyaseverthey

were.TheonlydifferencebetweenourselvesandtheRomansisthatwhile

theywerehonestenoughtoadmitthattheyenjoyedwatchinghungrylions

tearingpeopleapartandeatingthemalive,wefindallsortsof

sophisticatedargumentstodefendsportswhichshouldhavebeenbanned

longago；sportswhicharequiteasbarbarousas,say,publichangingsor

bear-baiting.

Itreallyisincrediblethatinthisdayandageweshouldstill

allowhuntingorbull-fighting,thatweshouldbepreparedtositbackand

watchtwomenbattereachothertopulpinaboxingring,thatweshould

berelativelyunmovedbythesightofoneoranumberofracingcars

crashingandburstingintoflames.Letusnotdeceiveourselves.Anytalk

of“thesportingspirit”issheerhypocrisy.Peopletakepartinviolent

sportsbecauseofthehighrewardstheybring.Spectatorsarewillingto

payvastsumsofmoneytoseeviolence.Aworldheavyweightchampionship

match,forinstance,isfrontpagenews.Millionsofpeoplearedisappointed

ifabigfightisoverintworoundsinsteadoffifteen.Theyfeel

disappointedbecausetheyhavebeendeprivedoftheexquisitepleasure

ofwitnessingprolongedtortureandviolence.

Whyshouldwebanviolentsportsifpeopleenjoythemsomuch?

Youmaywellask.Theanswerissimple:theyareuncivilized.Forcenturies

manhasbeentryingtoimprovehimselfspirituallyand

emotionally-admittedlywithlittlesuccess.Socialwelfaresystemsarein

operationinmanypartsoftheworld.Bigeffortsarebeingmadeto

distributewealthfairly.Thesechangeshavecomeaboutnotbecausehuman

4

beingshavesuddenlyandunaccountablyimproved,butbecausepositive

stepsweretakentochangethelaws.Thelawisthebiggestinstrumentof

socialchangethatwehaveanditmayexertgreatcivilizinginfluence.

contemptuously(adj.)鄙视的relish(vi.)获得乐趣

orgy(n.)狂欢

arena(n.)竞技场goings-on(n.)令人惊奇的

事defend(vt.)参加

bear-baiting(n.)狗熊取饵戏pulp(n.)果肉(这里指把人打得很

惨)sheer(adj.)完全的

exert(vt.)施加slaughter(vt.)屠杀

despise(vt.)鄙视

condescendingly(adv.)屈尊地barbarous(adj.)残忍的

batter(vt.)连续猛击

relatively(adv.)相对地exquisite(adj.)极大的，感觉

强烈的inoperation起作用

第6题：

Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthattheauthorbelieves.

A.weshouldforgivetheoldRomansfortheirorgiesofslaughter

becausetheywereignorant

B.modernhumanbeingsarenolessbloodythantheoldRomans

C.allsportsshouldbebanned

D.modernhumanbeingsfeelacontemptforthepooroldRomans

参考答案：B

答案解析：

本文主要论述了那些残忍的、暴力的运动项目应该被取缔的问题。第一段：通

过对现代人和罗马人喜欢看残忍的运动项目指出二者的不同。第二段：现代人

喜欢看暴力运动项目，而且持续时间越长他们越能得到刺激和享受.第三段：

作者认为暴力运动项目是不文明的表现，应该被禁止。［B］推断题。第一段提到

的“Arewelessbloodthirsty?"是作者对现代人的一种反问，实际上我们并

不比古罗马人高明多少。

第7题：

Theauthoradvocatesthatsomeviolentsportsshouldhebanned.Whichof

thefollowingdoesNOTbelongtosuchcriterion?

A.Boxing.

B.Car-racing.

C.Weight-lifting.

D.Bull-fighting.

5

参考答案：C

答案解析：

［C］细节题。选项［A］、［B］和［D］都是在文中提到的血腥味十足的运动，作者认

为应该取缔。

第8题：

Millionsofpeoplearedisappointedifabigfightisoverintworounds

insteadoffifteenbecause.

A.theyhavenootherwaytokilltheirtime

B.theyhavebeendeprivedoftheopportunitytoseemoreoftheir

favoriteboxer

C.theyhavebeendeprivedoftheexquisitepleasureofwitnessing

prolongedtortureandviolence

D.theyhavepassionforboxingandcherishthesportingspirit

参考答案：C

答案解析：

［C］细节题。现代人热衷于长时间观看残忍的、暴力的体育运动，如果运动很快

结束，他们就享受不到那种乐趣了。

第9题：

Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthatifwebanneddangerousand

violentsports,.

A.wewouldbemovingonestepfurthertoimprovingmankind

B.thesportsviewerwouldbecrazy

C.thestadiumwouldsufferagreatloss

D.socialwelfaresystemswouldbesmashedwithoutthefinancial

supportofspectators

参考答案：A

答案解析：

［A］推断题。很明显。作者在文中对暴力十分反感，可以推论如果取缔那些暴力

运动，作者认为这个社会会更文明些。

第10题：

Thefinalparagraphsuggeststhat.

A.theauthoradvocatesretainingviolentsports

B.theauthorisalawyer

C.theauthorisanathlete

D.theauthorfeelsthattheworldisnothopeless

参考答案：D

答案解析：

［D］主旨题。从文章最后一段可以看出值得倡导禁止暴力运动项目，可以看到社

6

会的进步。作者坚信法律会使社会变得文明起来。这些都说明世界还是有希望变

得文明一些的。

Whiletryingtooutwitacar一aToyotaCrownAthleteluxurysedan

loadedwithasystemcalledMonet,whichmakesuseofthelatestnavigation

gearandInternetapparatus.Itellthenavigationsystemtocharttheway

tomyofficeaddress.ThenIdriveintheoppositedirection一on

purpose.Thecarquicklyrechartsthecourse,trackingmylocationusing

satellitebeams.Whiledriving,Iinstructtherobotonthedashboardto

readmye-mailmessagestomealoud.ThenIorderittobriefmeonvarious

topics：theweatheroftheday,thelatestnewsofmajoreventsbothhome

andforeign一informationthatisbroadcasttothecaroverradiolinks.

Despitesomekinds,thecarperformsmyvariousrequests,which

includecallingupreal-timevideopicturesoftrafficatmajor

intersections.Ineffect,thisvehicleisacrossbetweenacar,aliving

room,andadriver，scompartmentfornavigatingallthebywaysofthe

InformationHighways.Itisthekindofvehiclethatautomotive

visionarieshavebeendreamingofforwelloveradecade.Withbackseat

videodisplays,controlledacoustics,anenhanceddigitalvideodisk

system,andNet-basedgames,digitalwheelswillsoonhaveasmany

audio-videoamenitiesasahometheater.Intermsofrawcomputing

power,carswillmatchmosthomeofficesandwilleventuallygo

head-to-headwithcorporateheadquarters.Andasdemandforthesedelicate

devicestakesoff,carcompaniesandothershopetoprovideasplendidset

ofdigitalservices一fromentertainmenttotrafficnews一creatingnew

streamsofsubscriptionande-commercerevenues.

TheToyota-designedMonetsysteminthecarspeaksvolumesfor

howcarsareevolvingandhowthecompetitivelandscapeischanging.By

2003,itisestimatedthat40%ofallcarssoldinJapanwillhaveon-board

computerswithInternetaccess,upfromlessthan1%today.Thenew

automotivegoldrushisalreadydrawinginbigplayersfromacrossseveral

industries.InJapan,MicrosofthasteamedupwithtoppartssupplierDenso

Corptoco-developnext-generationnavigationsystems.Not

surprisingly,Microsoftwantsitssoftwaretobetheorganizingprinciple

forinformationonthedash-board.

Nottobeoutdone,Europeanautomakersarecrammingnewfeatures

intotheirownwiredcars.DaimlerChryslerhasdesignedasystemthatcan

notonlycallforhelpornotifythenearestpolicestationinanemergency

butalsoprovidehospitalswiththedriver，smedicaldetails.North

AmericancarmakerarealsostrugglingtoharnesstheNet.Theyequiptheir

carswithaNetlinkorOnStarsystem,whichkeepstrackofvehicles

locations,automaticallynotifiesauthoritieswhenairbagsgooff,and

linkstohouseholdelectronicapplianceswhichthedrivermayorderto

geteverythingreadyhe/shegetshome.

7

ThenextgenerationofdriversraisedontheInternetmayhave

littleinterestinthestylingorpowerofthevehiclethatmovesthem

fromoneplacetoanother.Toprovidetheextra,valueconsumersarelooking

for,carswillhavetofacilitatethekindsofworkyoudoattheoffice,or

thefunyouhaveathome.Thatleavesautomakersasimplechoice.Theycan

eitherdrivethetransformationoftheautomobileintoacommunications

portalonwheels,orbedrivenbyit.

navigationgear导航排档apparatus(n.)仪器，装置

visionary(n.)空想家

acoustics(n.)听觉，声音，声学amenity(n.)(环境，气候)舒服,

舒适subscription(n.)订购，预订

第11题：

Fromtheopeningsentenceofthetextwelearnthattheauthoris・

A.losinghiswitswhiledrivingacarequippedwiththelatest

navigationgearandInternetdevices

B.madeoutofhiswitsbythesedanloadedwithasystemcalledMonet

usingsatellitebeamstodetermineagivenposition

C.makinganattempttowinvictoryoverthecarwithnavigationsystem

byactingmorecleverlythanit

D.tryingtodefeattheintelligentsedanbyorderingitsnavigation

systemtomakeamapofthewaytohisofficeaddress

参考答案：C

答案解析：

本文主要讲述日本、欧洲、北美汽车智能化的进展和发展方向。第一段：丰田

一款智能化汽车的描述。第二段：对智能化汽车具体功能的描述。第三段：汽

车智能化将快速增长，并吸引大公司参与其中。第四段：欧洲|、北美汽车智能

化的进展。第五段：汽车智能化是汽车发展的方向。［C］细节题。第一段第一

句中“outwit”意为“智胜”的意思，第二句中，作者故意向相反方向行驶，但

汽车利用卫星导航又重新绘制了地图。故［A］是符合该段意思的。

第12题：

ThecarwithMonetsystemcanperformallofthefollowingtasksEXCEPT

A.toplotthecourseanddirectionthedriverwantstotakewithout

anyinstruction

B.tofindthedriver，spositionatanytimebymeansofsatellitebeams

C.tosendandreceivee-mailsthroughelectronicdeviceson.the

dashboard

D.toprovidereal-timepicturesoftrafficbytelevisiononthe

8

instructionofthedriver

参考答案：A

答案解析：

［A］推断题。第一段第二句"Itellthenavigationsystemto..."，第五句

“Iinstructtherobotonthe...”，可以得知,要先向智能化系统发指令,

它才能执行命令。故［A］是不符合文章内容的。

第13题：

Thewriterpredictsthatdigitalwheelswill.

A.enabletheirdriverstoexploretheunknownpathsoftheInformation

Highways

B.comeintodirectconflictwithhomeofficesindependentlyofthe

drivers，will

C.createnewopportunitiesforthedriverstoobtainmoresubscription

ande-commerceincomes

D.beabletotakeoverthewholeworkcorrespondingtothatofa

businessheadoffice

参考答案：D

答案解析：

［D］推断题。见第二段倒数第二句"Intermsofrawcomputingpower,cars

will...andwilleventuallygohead-to-headwithcorporateheadquarters.”

即数字化汽车将最终和公司总部看齐。由此可推出，数字化汽车可以取代公司总

部的全部工作。

第14题：

Inthethirdparagraph,“speaksvolumesfor”probablymeans______.

A.expressesnewviewson

B.suppliesstrongevidenceof

C.producesgreatsuccessin

D.presentsdetaileddescriptionof

参考答案：B

答案解析：

［B］语义题。"speakvolumefor”是“充分说明，为…提供有力证据”的意思，

与［B］的意思一致。

第15题：

Theintensecompetitioninbuildingdigitalwheelsindicatesthat.

A.Japanesedesignerswillbeobligedtogiveuptheirleadingposition

toEuropeancarmakers

B.microsofthasacquiredDensoCorptodevelopnewnavigationsystem

C.NorthAmericanautomakerswillsoonovertaketheirJapanese

9

counterpartsinharnessingtheNet

D.theworldwidestruggleiscompellingautocompaniestofightfor

theirsurvival

参考答案：D

答案解析：

［D］推断题。由最后一段可得知，汽车制造商为赢得消费者，得以生存，惟一的

选择就是使汽车智能化。故选［D］。

Brisk,cheerfulandpassionateabouteducatingchildren,Nancy

Ichinagathinkssocialpromotionis“junk”.Asprincipalofanelementary

schoolforthepast23years,Ichinagahasneverpassedkidsontothenext

gradejusttoprotecttheirself-esteem.Theschoolis51percent

African-American,48percentLatinoand75percentbelowthepoverty

line.Butlastyear,88percentofitsstudentsreadatoraboutgrade

level,andIchinagathinksherwillingnesstoholdkidsbackhasmuchto

dowiththatsuccess."Wedon，tpromotesostudentscanfail,“shesays.

“Wemakesurethattheysucceed.Ourstudents*self-esteemisgoodbecause

theyaresuccessfulacademically,notbecausewe'vetriedtopumpthemup.”

SocialpromotionhasbeenwidespreadinUSschoolforatleast

20years.Itsrationaleistoavoiddamagingthepupil'ssenseof

self-worthandtoassumethatifpromoted,thechildcancatchup.But

schoolofficialsandpoliticiansareincreasinglyreadytoacceptwhat

traditionalistslikeIchinagahavebeensayingallalong一thatschool

promotion,thoughwellintended,hasbeenanacademicdisaster.Bill

Clintonisonrecordagainstit,asistheAmericanFederationof

Teachers.InNewYorkCity,schoolschancellorRudyCrewrecentlyunveiled

aplantophaseitout.Hetoldareporter,uThisisnotaboutbeingpunitive

withkids.Itisaboutcaringsomuchaboutchildrenthatyouwillnotlet

themfail.”

Toliveupthatrhetoric,Crewandotherreformersurgentlyneed

toshowthatkidswhofailwillgettheacademicsupporttheyneed.The

modelcouldbetheChicagopublicschoolsystem,whichabolishedsocial

promotionin1996.Kidswhofailaresenttosummerschool,wheretheyget

asecondchancetopass.Mostsucceedandthosewhodon，tareassignedto

smallerclassesandevaluatedforlearningdisabilitiesandotherspecial

needs.

Thescarypartisjusthowwidespreadsocialpromotionhas

become.InNewYork,Crewestimatedthatmorethanathirdofallfourth

andseventh-graderswouldhavetorepeatayearifthepolicywereended

immediately.ThoughCrewdidn，tsayso,thereisnoreasontothinkthe

percentageisdifferentforothergrades一whichiswhythepractice

arguablyconcealsmassivefailure.Andnobodygainsfromthat.

brisk(adj.)令人爽快的passionate(adj.)激情的

io

socialpromotion升级制度

junk(n.)应该抛弃的东西passon将…交给(这里指留级)

gradelevel年级水平

holdback这里指不升级pumpup夸大(这里指硬让学生升级)

rationale(n.)理由

phraseout逐步终止某事punitive(adj.)处罚的

liveupto与・・・一致

scary(n.)恐慌

第16题：

Theword"socialpromotion”inthistextmeans.

A.thehelpgivenbysocietythosekidswholagbehind

B.thepracticeofpassingonstudentswhofailedtoahighergrade

C.thepracticeofrewardingtopstudents

D.theefforttopromoteequalityofallstudents,regardlessoftheir

raceorcolor

参考答案：B

答案解析：

本文主要论述了不留级制度存在很多弊端，废除它才能更有利于学生的发展。第

一段：Ichinaga认为学生不留级制度存在很多弊端，应该废除之。第二段：教

育人士和政治家都普遍认为不让学生留级意图虽好，但适得其反。第三段：学

生留级对学生学习是有利的，芝加哥的学校在这方面的实践证明了这一点。第

四段：废除不留级制度很多学生将会留级，这亦是一个棘手的问题。［B］语义题。

第——段中指出NancyIchinagathinkssocialpromotionis,junk”.Shehas

neverpassedkidsontothenextgradejusttoprotecttheirself-esteem,,,

可见socialpromotion无非就是不让学生留级。

第17题：

Traditionalistsbelievethatsocialpromotion.

A.canavoiddamagingthepupiTsself-esteem

B.provestobeawoefulfailure

C.shouldbeabolishedrightnow

D.canhelpbackwardpupilstocatchup

参考答案：B

答案解析：

［B］细节题。从文章第二段traditionalistslikeIchinaga可以看出Ichinaga

属于traditionalists中的一员，他们都认为socialpromotion是十足的失败，

应尽快废除它。

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第18题:

Ifsocialpromotionisabolished,.

A.kidswhofailwillbegivenchancetotryagain

B.kidswhofailwillbeaskedtorepeatatleastoneyear

C.kidswhofailwillfeelashamedofthemselvesorevencommitsuicide

D.itwillresultinanacademicdisaster

参考答案：A

答案解析：

[A]细节题。从文章第三段Kidswhofailaresenttosummerschool,where

theygetasecondchancetopass中可以得到答案。

第19题：

Thetextshowsthattheauthoris"socialpromotionv.

A.stronglyagainst

B.infavorof

C.puzzledof

D.indifferentto

参考答案：A

答案解析：

[A]主旨题。文章字里行间透着作者对socialpromotion的反对。

第20题:

Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatsocialpromotion.

A.contributestostudents，academicsuccess

B.improvesstudents，self-worth

C.willcontinuetoplayanimportantrole

D.willbeabolishedinfuture

参考答案：D

答案解析：

[D]推断题。文中第二段指出“・・・schoolpromotion,thoughwellintended,has

beenanacademicdisaster"及“BillClintonisonrecordagainstit,as

istheAmericanFederationofTeachers.InNewYorkcity,schools

chancellorRudycrewrecentlyunveiledaplantophaseitout"；所有

这些都表明人们已经认识到“schoolpromotion”的害处，并有决废止它。在最

后两段作者又指出相关部门在“schoolpromotion”废止后，对那些留级的学生

应采取的补救措施。

Tobroadentheirvotingappealinthepresidentialelectionof

1796,theFederalistsselectedThomasPinckney,leadingSouth

Carolinian,asrunningmatefortheNewEnglanderJohnAdams.But

Pinckney，sSouthernfriendschosetoignoretheirparty，sintentionsand

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regardedPinckneyasaPresidentialcandidate,creatingapolitical

situationthatAlexanderHamiltonwasdeterminedtoexploit.Hamiltonhad

longbeenwaryofAdams'stubbornlyindependentbrandofpoliticsand

preferredtoseehisrunningmate,overwhomhecouldexertmorecontrol,in

thePresident'schair.

Theelectionwasheldunderthesystemoriginallyestablished

bytheConstitution.Atthattimetherewasbut