Unit3FamilymattersUsinglanguage课件高中英语

Unit

3

Family

matters

Using

language动词的时态Ⅰ.观察感悟观察下列句子，分别写出它们所用的时态。1.

Grandfather

and

Father,

seated

at

the

table,

are

playing

chess.

____________现在进行时2.

Lawyers

help

people

and

are

respected

by

others.

____________一般现在时3.

...you

said

that

you

wanted

to

be

a

professional

football

player.

____________一般过去时4.

...you

have

found

the

career

that

suits

your

talents.

____________现在完成时5.

...you

will

have

two

options

for

your

future.

____________一般将来时Ⅱ.要点精析

英语中,不同时间发生的动作或状态要用不同的动词形式来表示，这种表示时间关系变化的不同动词形式称为时态。本课时主要复习一般现在时、

一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时和现在完成时。1.一般现在时（1）表示经常性或习惯性的动作,

常与every

day、sometimes、often、usually等时间状语连用。例如：I

leave

home

for

school

at

7

every

morning.每天早上我七点离开家去上学。（2）表示普遍真理、客观事实。例如：Shanghai

lies

in

the

east

of

China.上海位于中国东部。（3）表示格言或警句。例如：Pride

goes

before

a

fall.骄者必败。温馨提示

第（2）（3）种情况如果出现在宾语从句中,

即使主句是过去时,

从句也要用一般现在时。例如：The

teacher

told

us

the

sun

rises

in

the

east.老师告诉我们，太阳从东方升起。（4）表示现在的状态、能力、性格等。例如：Ann

writes

good

English

but

does

not

speak

well.安英语写得不错,但说得不好。比较：Now

I

put

the

sugar

in

the

cup.现在我把糖放入杯子里。I

am

doing

my

homework

now.现在我正在做作业。第一句用一般现在时,

用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,

表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志,

表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,

所以第二句用现在进行时。2.一般过去时（1）表示在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。常见的时间状语有yesterday、last

week、an

hour

ago、the

other

day等。例如：Last

weekend

the

three

of

them

drove

home

to

see

their

parents.上周末,他们三个开车回家看望父母。（2）表示在过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作。例如：When

I

was

a

child,

I

often

played

football

in

the

street.小的时候,

我常在街上踢足球。（3）在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，用一般过去时表示过去将来的动作。例如：Mavis

said

she

would

come

if

I

promised

to

wait

for

her.梅维丝说如果我答应等她，她会来的。Melissa

told

me

that

as

soon

as

she

arrived,

she

would

ring

me

up.梅利莎告诉我她一到就给我打电话。3.一般将来时（1）will/shall

do

表示将来。will/shall

do表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：Which

paragraph

shall

I

read

first？我先读哪一段呢？Will

you

be

at

home

at

seven

this

evening？今晚七点你会在家吗？（2）be

going

to

do

结构表示将来。a.主语的意图,

即将做某事。例如：What

are

you

going

to

do

tomorrow？明天你打算做什么呢？b.按计划、安排要发生的事。例如：The

play

is

going

to

be

produced

next

month.这部戏将于下个月拍摄。c.有迹象表明要发生的事。例如：Look

at

the

dark

clouds;

there

is

going

to

be

a

storm.看那乌云,

暴风雨就要来了。（3）be

to

do结构表示将来,表示计划中约定的或按职责、义务和要求必须去做的事或即将发生的动作。例如：We

are

to

discuss

the

report

next

Saturday.我们将于下星期六讨论这份报告。（4）be

about

to

do意为“马上做某事”，

不能与tomorrow、next

week

等表示将来的具体的时间状语连用。例如：He

is

about

to

leave

for

Beijing.他马上要去北京了。（5）一般现在时表将来。a.按照计划或时刻表要发生的事情，常见的动词有come、go、arrive、leave、start、begin、return等。例如：The

train

leaves

at

six

tomorrow

morning.火车明天早上六点开。—When

does

the

bus

start？——公共汽车什么时候开？—It

starts

in

ten

minutes.——它十分钟后开。b.在时间或条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。例如：When

Bill

comes,

ask

him

to

wait

for

me.比尔来后,

让他等我。I'll

write

to

you

as

soon

as

I

arrive

there.我一到那里,

就写信给你。4.现在进行时（1）表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情。例如：We

are

waiting

for

you.我们正在等你。（2）表示现阶段正在进行的动作,

但说话时未必正在做。例如：Mr.

Green

is

writing

another

novel.格林先生在写另一部小说。（说话时未必正在写,只表示现阶段所做的事）（3）表示将来，往往指计划好或准备要做的事。一些表示位置移动的短暂性动词，如：come、go、arrive、leave、run、begin等的进行时则表示马上要做某事。例如：I'm

leaving

tomorrow.明天我要走了。I

am

meeting

my

pen

pal

at

the

airport

this

afternoon.今天下午我要去机场接我笔友。（4）与always、constantly、forever等副词连用时,往往表达说话者生气、赞扬、同情、不满、惊讶等感情色彩。例如：You

are

always

changing

your

mind.你老是改变主意。5.现在完成时（1）强调过去的动作对现在的影响。这种用法表示说话时动作已经完成，但这个动作的结果对现在仍有影响，常与already、yet、recently、lately、just等时间状语连用。例如：I

have

already

finished

all

the

work.我已经做完了所有的工作。The

manager

has

just

left.

If

only

you

had

come

a

moment

earlier.经理刚走，你要是早来一会儿就好了。（2）表示过去的某一动作或行为一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去。常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：all

my

life、all

the

time、up

to

now、in

the

past/last

few

years、since

then、for

a

long

time等。例如：Peter

has

been

ill

for

almost

a

month.彼得病了差不多一个月了。We

have

been

good

friends

since

then.从那时起，我们就是好朋友了。（3）在“It/This

is

the

first/second...time+that从句”中，从句的谓语要用现在完成时。例如：This

is

the

first

time

that

we

have

seen

a

film

in

the

cinema

together

as

a

family.这是我们第一次一家人一起在电影院看电影。Ⅲ.实战演练单句语法填空1.

The

plane

to

Beijing

______（take）

off

at

2:15

in

the

afternoon.takes2.

He

usually

_____（go）

for

a

walk

in

the

park

every

morning.goes3.

I

wasn't

able

to

hide

my

eagerness

when

I

______（ask）,

“What

do

you

wish

me

to

do

now?”asked4.

Hurry

up,

Peter!

The

taxi

__________（wait）

for

us

at

the

gate

of

the

hotel.is

waiting5.

In

the

past

10

years,

the

company

_____________（produce）

many

kinds

of

cars.has

produced6.

That

piece

of

music

sounds

quite

familiar.

Who

__________（play）

the

piano

upstairs?is

playing7.

His

first

two

novels

_____________（receive）

good

comments

since

they

came

out

last

month.have

received8.

There

________（be）

an

important

meeting

in

the

school

hall

next

Friday.will

be9.

The

book

has

been

translated

into

thirty

languages

since

it

______（come）

on

the

market

in

1973.came10.

Our

country

____________（become）

more

and

more

beautiful

in

the

near

future.will

become用本单元语法知识完成句子1.

曾经，我走近我的父亲和他聊天。___________________________________________________Once,

I

approached

my

father

and

had

a

chat

with

him.2.

他说：“我当职业律师已经二十年了。”__________________________________________________________He

said,

“I

have

worked

as

a

professional

lawyer

for

20

years.”3.

我说道：“我将来也要在法庭工作。”______________________________________________I

said,

“I

will

also

work

in

a

court

in

the

future.”4.

现在，我认为我有音乐天赋，我将来会专心于此。____________________________________________________________Now,

I

think

that

I

have

a

talent

for

music

and

I

will

focus

on

it.5.

在老师的帮助下，我取得了巨大的进步。____________________________________________________With

the

help

of

my

teacher,

I

have

made

great

progress.6.

现在，我在更努力地去实现我的梦想。________________________________________________At

present

I

am

working

harder

to

realize

my

dream.将上面的句子连成一篇文章

要求语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Once,

I

approached

my

father

and

had

a

chat

with

him.

He

said,

“I

have

worked

as

a

professional

lawyer

for

20

years.”

I

said,

“I

will

also

work

in

a

court

in

the

future.”

But

now,

I

think

that

I

have

a

talent

for

music

and

I

will

focus

on

it.

With

the

help

of

my

teacher,

I

have

made

great

progress.

At

present

I

am

working

harder

to

realize

my

dream.词句精讲1

responsible

adj.（对事故、错误、罪行等）负有责任的，应承担责任的情境佳句①Who

should

be

responsible

for

the

accident?谁应该对这次事故负责?②A

responsible

government

should

provide

poor

children

with

equal

opportunities

to

receive

education.一个负责任的政府应该为贫困儿童提供平等的受教育机会。③Don't

worry.

If

anything

goes

wrong,

I'll

take

responsibility

for

it.不要担心,

如果出了问题，我会负责的。归纳拓展（1）be

responsible

for...对……负责/有责任（2）responsibility

n.责任；职责，义务take

responsibility

for

（doing）

sth.对……负责take

on

responsibilities承担责任a

sense

of

responsibility责任感学以致用［单句填空/完成句子］①

Helping

parents

do

the

housework

can

build

up

children's

sense

of

_____________（responsible）.responsibility②

Therefore,

let's

take

responsibility

____

building

up

a

low-carbon

city

by

riding

bicycles.for③

毫无疑问，每个人都有责任建设一个更好的校园。There

is

no

doubt

that

everyone

________________________

a

better

campus.is

responsible

for

building④

保护环境免受污染是我们的责任。_______________________

protect

the

environment

from

pollution.It

is

our

responsibility

to2

aim

v.力求达到；瞄准；旨在

n.［C］目标，目的

［U］瞄准情境佳句①It

aims

to

deepen

people's

understanding

of

issues

that

are

related

to

families.

（教材原句）它旨在加深人们对与家庭有关的问题的理解。②This

activity

is

aimed

at

improving

the

students'

ability

to

listen

and

speak.这项活动旨在提高学生们的听说能力。③The

aim

of

education

is

to

teach

young

people

to

think

for

themselves.教育的目的是教会年轻人独立思考。归纳拓展（1）be

aimed

at目的是，旨在aim

to

do

sth.旨在做某事（2）take

aim（at）瞄准with

the

aim

of以……为目标，其目的是（3）aimless

adj.无目的的，没有方向的aimlessly

adv.漫无目的地，无目标地学以致用［单句填空］①

Twenty

students

want

to

attend

the

class

that

aims

________（teach）

how

to

read

fast.to

teach②

The

film

to

be

shown

next

month

is

mainly

aimed

___reflecting

the

local

culture.at③

He

took

aim

___

the

bird

in

the

tree

but

missed

it.at④

It

was

12

o'clock

at

noon

and

he

was

still

wandering

_________

（aim）

in

the

street.aimlessly3

observe

v.庆祝，过（节日、生日等）；观察；注意到；遵守（规则、法律等）情境佳句①With

a

different

theme

each

year,

the

day

is

observed

with

a

wide

range

of

events

that

are

organised

at

local,

national

and

international

levels.

（教材原句）这个节日每年都有一个不同的主题，当地、全国乃至世界各地都组织一系列的活动来庆祝它。②The

role

of

scientists

is

to

observe

and

describe

the

world,

not

to

try

to

control

it.科学家的作用是观察和描述这个世界,

而不是试图控制它。③They

observed

him

enter

the

bank.他们看见他走进了银行。归纳拓展（1）observe

sb.

doing

sth.看到某人正在做某事（动作正在进行）observe

sb.

do

sth.看到某人做了某事（动作的全过程）observe

rules遵守规则observe

festivals

庆祝节日（2）observation

n.观察；监视误区警示observe

sb.

do

sth.变为被动语态时，不定式要还原to。即sb.

be

observed

to

do

sth.。学以致用［赏句猜义/单句填空］①

Although

they

have

lived

in

the

U.S.

for

many

years,

they

still

observe

the

traditional

Chinese

festivals.

______庆祝②

Observe

carefully

if

any

change

happens

when

you

do

experiments

in

the

lab.

______观察③

Readers

are

required

to

observe

the

rules

of

the

library

and

mind

their

manners.

______遵守④

Thousands

of

people

observed

the

ship

________（leave）

the

harbour.leaving⑤

An

airplane

was

observed

__________（appear）

on

the

radar

screen.to

appear4

range

n.一系列，范围情境佳句①The

restaurant

is

said

to

offer

a

range

of

services

to

its

customers.据说这家餐馆为顾客提供一系列的服务。②Even

the

cheapest

house

was

out

of

our

price

range.即使是最便宜的房子也超出了我们能承受的价格范围。③The

price

of

the

goods

in

this

store

ranges

from

2

yuan

to

200

yuan.这家商店里商品的价格从2元到200元不等。归纳拓展（1）a

wide

range

of一系列，许多，各种各样的in/within

one's

range在某人的能力范围内out

of/beyond

one's

range

超出某人的能力范围（2）range

v.变化，变动；包括range

from...to...在……到……变动；包括从……到……之间的各类事物学以致用［单句填空/单句写作］①

This

restaurant

has

become

popular

for

its

wide

range

___

foods

that

suit

all

tastes

and

pockets.of②

I

have

various

hobbies,

ranging

from

collecting

stamps

___

swimming.to③

The

apartment

is

too

expensive

and

________

our

range.

I

think

we

should

choose

one

that

is

_________

our

range.beyondwithin/in④

在这个问题上，存在各种各样的意见。______________________________________________There

is

a

wide

range

of

opinions

on

this

problem.5

apologise

v.道歉情境佳句①Later,

on

the

phone

she

apologised

and

explained

that

she

was

busy

with

work...（教材原句）后来，她在电话中道歉，并解释说她工作很忙……②I'm

afraid

I

should

make

an

apology

to

you.

I'm

leaving

for

Paris

this

afternoon.恐怕我得向你表示歉意了。

我今天下午要去巴黎。③The

little

boy

apologised

to

his

mother

for

breaking

the

bowl.小男孩因打碎了碗而向妈妈道歉。归纳拓展（1）apologise

to

sb.

［for

（doing）

sth.］［因（做）某事］向某人道歉（2）apology

n.道歉make

an

apology

（to

sb.