人教版八年级英语下册一二单元复习课件

八年级下册英语Units1-21.感冒__________haveacold

短语➡双语互译

2.胃痛havea____________stomachache3.躺下_________liedown

短语➡双语互译4.发烧havea_____5.下车get___feveroff6.放弃give___7.推迟put___8.照顾;非常喜欢care___upofffor9.赠送;捐赠give_____10.修理;装饰fix___11.建立;设立___up12.makeadifference____________13.takeone’stemperature_______14.takebreaks_____15.toone’ssurprise_____________16.rightaway__________17.getinto__________awayupset影响;有作用量体温休息使……惊讶的立即;马上陷入;参与18.beusedtodoingsth.___________19.getoutof

________________20.beincontrolof__________21.giveout__________22.comeupwith__________习惯于……离开;从……出来掌管;管理分发;散发想出;提出1【记一记知识构建】trouble的用法中考考点maketrouble制造麻烦havedifficulty(in)doingsth.Ihavedifficulty(in)solvingthisproblem.我解决这个问题有困难【归纳拓展】trouble作动词,意为“打扰;使烦恼”,常用搭配为:troublesb.todosth.麻烦某人做某事

besorrytotroublesb.很抱歉打扰某人【一言辨异】Don’ttrouble

troubletilltrouble

troublesyou.麻烦没找你,你别找麻烦。【练一练走近中考】Let'shelphim.Heis________.A.troubleB.introubleC.problemD.inthetrouble①不要嘲笑处于困境中的人。Don’tlaughatthepeople___________________.②Wehavesometrouble____(work)outtheproblem.答案:①introuble②working

2.【记一记知识构建】giveup的用法(1)giveup是动副短语,后接代词作宾语时,必须放在两词中间。giveitupgivesthup或giveupsth(2)giveup后接动词时需用动词的-ing形式,相当于stopdoingsth.。①整天玩电脑游戏对你的健康有害。你应该放弃它。Playingcomputergamesalldayisbadforyourhealth.Youshould_________________________.②你应该戒烟。Youshould______________________________.答案:①giveitup②giveupsmoking【归纳拓展】give的相关短语【练一练走近中考】(2018.湖北黄冈中考)-IfinditdifficuletolearnEnglishwell.Iwanttodropit.-Englishisveryimprortantinourdailylife.Never____.A.giveupitB.giveitupC.giveawayitD.giveitaway2.(2017广东中考模拟4)Youshouldn't______yourhope.Everythingwillbebetter.A.giveupB.fixupC.cheerupD.putup3.【记一记知识构建】cheerup的用法(1)cheerup也可以单独使用,表示“变得高兴,振奋起来”。(2)cheersb.up意为“使某人高兴起来”,相当于makesb.happy。如果宾语是名词或词组,可放在cheerup的中间或后面,若是代词作宾语,则只能放在cheerup的中间。【填一填思维激活】①振作起来吧!你的困难不久就会过去的。____________________!Yourtroublewillsoonbeover.②橙色能带给我们成功,使我们振作。Orangecanbringussuccessand__________us__________.答案:①Cheerup②cheer;up

【归纳拓展】有关up的短语fixup修理上面的（空调）setup建立的社团在上面cleanup将楼上打扫干净callup打电话给上面的人【练一练】(2017·江苏南京中考模拟)1.—Wefailedinthewritingcompetition.—_________.Youcan'twineverytime.A.NowayB.BestwishesC.CheerupD.Goodjob2.（2017上海奉贤区二摸）—Wefailedinthesingingcompetition.—______.Bettertimesarewaitingforyou.A.NowayB.BestwishesC.CheerupD.Goodjob4.【辨一辨考点突破】alone与lonely的用法辨析aloneadj.“独自的;单独的”,表示无人陪伴,只陈述一个客观事实,不带感情色彩,在句中作表语adv.“独自地;单独地”,用在实义动词后,相当于byoneself,

常在句中作方式状语lonelyadj.“孤独的”,主观上感到“孤独的”,感情色彩浓厚,强调心灵上的孤独与寂寞,常在句中作表语“荒凉的;偏僻的;人迹罕至的”,修饰表示地点的名词,只能作定语【一言辨异】Iwastravellingaloneinthelonelymountain.Ididn’tfeellonelythoughIwasalone.我独自在荒凉的山里旅行。虽孤身一人,但我并不感到寂寞。【填一填思维激活】①Hedoesn’twanttogotherealone.(改为同义句)Hedoesn’twanttogothere____________________.②你无法想象他在外面可能会多么孤独和无助。Youcannotimaginehow__________andhelplesshecanbeontheoutside.答案:①byhimself②lonely

【练一练走近中考】（2017·南充）—IknowOldJoelives______.—Wearesupposedtovisithimfromtimetotime.Thenhewon'tfeel_______.A.alone,aloneB.lonely,lonelyC.lonely,aloneD.alone,lonely5.【辨一辨考点突破】rise与raise的不同rise不及物动词上升,上涨,提高不规则动词,过去式rose,过去分词为risenraise及物动词使升高,提高;饲养规则动词,过去式和过去分词均为raised【填一填思维激活】选词填空(raise,rise)。①Look!Chang’e-Ⅲ__________intothesky.②She__________herbothhandsinordertoanswerthequestionasthefirstone.答案:①isrising②raised【图解助记】募集举起一个箱子喂鸟太阳升起早起【练一练走近中考】1.（2018山东.青岛）用所给词的适当形式填空。make,raise,travel,watch,cost（1）—Whyaretheysobusy?—Becausethey_________moneyforhomelesspeople.（2）Usuallytakingataxi______morethantakingabus.（3）Thefirstcartoonfilmwithsoundandmusic______inNewYorkin1928.（4）TheDragonBoatFestivaliscominginafewdays.We______theboatraceandeatzongzionthatday.（5）BeijingissuchafantasticplacethatAmy______therethreetimes.areraising6.【辨一辨考点突破】difficult/difficultly/difficulty的用法辨析difficult形容词“困难的”,作定语、表语或宾语补足语difficultly副词“困难地”,作状语difficulty名词havedifficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困难=havetrouble(in)doingsth.【【填一填思维激活】①Ihave__________(difficult)readingattimes.②当你做决定有困难时,可以打电话给我。Youcancallmeifyouhave____________________adecision.答案:①difficulty②difficultymaking练一练—Ihavegreat______infinishingtheworkbymyself.Couldyouhelpme?—Noproblem.A.funB.success

C.advice

D.difficulty【重点句型】1.—What’sthematter?——怎么了?—Ihaveastomachache.——我胃痛。【思一思句型剖析】(1)What’sthematter?意为“怎么了?”常用来询问身体有什么不适或有什么不顺心的事,也可以用来询问某物出了什么故障,后面可接withsb./sth.,表示“某人/某物怎么了?”。(2)由-ache构成的复合名词(3)“have+a+名词”型短语【归纳拓展】【练一练走近中考】—Hi,John.__________?—It’sLucy,mydog.Herlegishurt.A.HowareyouB.What’sthematterC.Who’sthatD.What’sLucylike2.ThankstoMr.Wangandthepassengers,thedoctorssavedthemanintime.多亏了王先生和这些乘客,医生才及时挽救了这个(老)人。【思一思句型剖析】

thanksto“由于;幸亏”,介词短语,后接名词、代词,强调感谢的对象。Thankstoyourhelp,wecanfinishtheworkontime.多亏了你的帮忙,我们才准时完成工作。【归纳拓展】thanksfor“因……而感谢”,客套用语,thanks相当于thankyou。for为介词,后接名词或动词-ing,强调为何而感谢。Thanksforinvitingmetoyourparty.谢谢你邀请我参加你的聚会。Thanksforyourhelp.谢谢你的帮助。【练一练】Thanks______Mr.Hu,wehavelearntmanyEnglishsongs.A.forB.at

C.to1【辨一辨考点突破】rightaway/rightnow的用法辨析rightaway立即、马上,主要用于美国英语,语气稍弱于atonce,强调动作迅速。可用于过去或将来时态Hedidn’tanswerrightaway.他没有马上回答。rightnow现在、此时此刻,也有立即、马上、即刻的意思。一般用于现在或者将来时态WhereistheInternationalSpaceStationrightnow?国际空间站现在在什么位置?【填一填思维激活】①他马上意识到什么地方出了问题。Herealized____________________thattherewassomethingwrong.②他现在不在办公室。Heisnotintheoffice____________________.答案:①rightaway②rightnow

【练一练】—Whatwouldyoudoifyou__________thetrafficaccident?—Iwould______.A.see;domyhouseworkfirstB.saw;buysomefruitrightawayC.see;callat110atonceD.saw;callthepolicerightawayIf引导的虚拟语气，与事实相反。从句：if+主语+过去式（be动词用were）主句：主语+should/would/might/could+do例子：IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.IfIknewhistelephonenumber,Iwouldtellyou.2【记一记知识构建】三种“修理”的不同fix侧重于“安装”,有时也用作“修理”,常用来指修理机器、车辆等,fixup意为“修理;装饰”Theworkersarefixingthemachine.工人们在安装机器。repair使受到一定损失或失灵的物品恢复其形状或功能,从房屋、道路、机器到日常生活必需品Maryrepairedtheradiojustforthefunofit.玛丽修理收音机只是为了消遣。mend着重指恢复某物原来的样子(包括用针、线来缝补),一般指较小之物Mymothermendedclothesformeyesterday.昨天我妈妈为我缝补衣服。【填一填思维激活】①他把机器固定在地上。He__________themachineontheground.②Theworkersare__________(repairing/mending/fixing)theoldbridge.答案:①fixed②repairing

【练一练走近中考】—Whydoyoucollectsomanyoldbikes?—I’llhavethem______andgiveawaytothechildrenwhodon’thavebikes.A.usedupB.givenupC.fixedupD.setuphavesth.donehavesomeone'shaircut理发havetheTVrepaired修理电视属于被动语态，让某东西被做Iwanttohavemyhaircut.我想去理发。3.deathn.死;死亡【填一填思维激活】用die的适当形式填空。diedieddieddying①她妈妈的死对她是个打击。Hermother’s__________wasashocktoher.②The__________oldmantoldhissonsthattherewasagoldpotunderthetalltreeinfrontoftheirhouse.Aftertellingthemaboutthat,theoldmanclosedhiseyesand__________.答案:①death②dying;dieddying快要死去的4.carefor照顾;非常喜欢（喜欢才照顾）【填一填思维激活】①Heoftencaresforhissickmother.(改为同义句)Heoften______________________________hissickmother.Heoften____________________hissickmother.②我喜欢绿茶。I____________________greentea.答案:①takescareof;looksafter②carefor

【记一记知识构建】carefor的用法【练一练】Manystudentsinourschool__________theoldandtheyusuallyoffertheirseatstothemonbuses.A.worryaboutB.careforC.agreewithD.takecare5【记一记知识构建】runout短语的用法(1)runout（跑到外面用尽了力气）意为“用尽”,相当于beusedup,

其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词;runout是不及物动词短语,其后不能带宾语,无被动形式。sth.runout(2)runoutofsth.(=useupsth.)意为“用尽某物”,其主语一般是人。【填一填思维激活】①LinTao’spocketmoneywasusedupyesterday.(改为同义句)LinTao’spocketmoney____________________yesterday.②Thewriterhadrunoutoftheinkbeforehefinishedwriting.(改为同义句)Theink______________________________beforethewriterfinishedwriting.答案:①ranout②hadrunout

【练一练】1.Tina_______moneybecauseshegaveallhermoneytothepoorkid.A.ranoutofB.runsoutC.wasrunoutof2.Areportsaysthattheworld'snaturalgasdeposits(储存)earlyinthenextcentury.A.willberunoutB.willrunoutC.willuseupD.willrunoutof6.【记一记知识构建】imagine的用法总结(1)imagine作及物动词,后跟名词、代词、动名词或从句作宾语。(2)imagine后跟复合宾语,即imagine+名词/代词+动名词。Jimmy’smotherimagines

Jimmy

becomingafilmstaroneday.吉米的妈妈想象有一天吉米会成为一名电影明星。【填一填思维激活】①—Look!Theboyisrunningsofast!—Ican’t__________(想象)thathisrightlegwasoncebroken.

②你能想象乔治做饭的样子吗?Canyou__________George__________dinner?答案:①imagine②imagine;cooking

【练一练】(2018福建福州联考)1.Ican't________whatmylifewouldbelikewithoutthecellphone.A.thinkB.imagineC.wonder2.（2018广东深圳中考模拟）To________somethingmeanstothinksomethinginone’smind.A.drawB.describeC.imagine7.ShouldItakemytemperature?我应该量一下体温吗?【思一思句型剖析】(1)should作情态动词,有实际的词义,但它不可单独作谓语,须与动词原形连用,没有人称和数的变化。Youshouldworkharder.你应该更努力地工作。(2)常用句型:Youshould/shouldn’tdosth.“你(不)应该做某事”。【温馨提示】should表示预测和可能性,意为“应该;可能”。Weshouldarrivebysuppertime.我们在晚饭时间应该能到了。Sheshouldbehereatanymoment.她随时都可能来。【练一练】—Youlookreallytired.______?—Ididn’tsleepwelllastnight.Ihadaheadache.A.HowaboutyouB.WhatshouldIdoC.What’sthematterD.Howareyoufeelingnow语法：不定式的句法功能做主语

eg.Tomasteraforeignlanguageisnecessaryforacollegestudent.Itisgoodmannerstohelppeopleintrouble

做表语

eg.Yourjobistowashdishes.AllIdidwastogivehimsomeadvice.做宾语

eg.Shepromisedtogivehimachance.Icann’taffordtobuyacar.注意：有些动词后面只能用不定式做宾语，这样的动词有：refuse,promise,pretend,wish,hope,agree,ask,decide,expect,manage,offer,warn…但有些动词后只能跟动名词，例如：admit,avoid,keep,prevent,consider,delay,enjoy,excuse,finish,resist,pardon,putoff,lookforwardto…不定式做宾语补足语有两种情况应加以注意：A根据情况的表达，可以在不定式前加上where,how,when,what等疑问副词。

eg.Couldyoutellmehowtorepairthemaching?Noonetoldmewheretofindhim.B.不定式在感官动词see,hear,watch,feel,notice…和使役动词let,make,have后做宾语补足语时，不加不定式符号“to”.

eg.Ineverletmychildstayinthehouseallday.Iheardhersaythatshe’dliketogototheconcert.Couldyouhelpme(to)unloadthecar?做主语补足语

eg.Iwasaskedtohelphimwithhislessons.

主语补足语实际上就是句子主动语态时句子中的宾语补足语，当原句中的宾语提前做主语，句子转化成被动语态时，原来的宾语补足语就成了转化后的句子中的主语补足语。注意：做宾语补足语的不定式，转化成主语补足语的时候，原来省去的“to”应该加上去，。.eg.Shewasseentogooutaminuteago.Hewasmadetogiveupdrinking6.做定语

eg.Haveyougotapenciltodrawpictureswith?Isthereanyonetotakecareofthesechildren?7.不定式做状语

eg.Shegotoffthetraintoseeafriend.（目的状语）

Shegotoffthetraininordertoseeafriend.Shegotoffthetrainsoastoseeafriend.Inordertoseeafriend,shegotoffthetrain.做结果状语：

eg.Hewastooexcitedtosayanything.Thechildrenareoldenoughtogotoschool.Hehurriedtothestation,onlytoseethatthetrainhadleft.“only+todosth”表出乎意料的结果不定式的时态与语态时态主动被动一般式

todo

tobedone进行式

tobedoing

/完成式

tohavedone

tohavebeendone3.动词不定式的复合结构A疑问词+不定式

eg.Whentostarthasnotbeendecidedyet.Theproblemishowtopersuadehimtochangehismind.Wemustlearnwhattodoinfaceofdifficulties.B.带有逻辑主语的结构

eg.It’simportantforustomasteraforeignlanguage.Thefirstthingforustodoistocleantheroom.4.省“to”的情况A在donothing/anything/everythingbut/except等后，不带不定式符号“to”.eg.Hesaidhewoulddoanythingexceptcook.

Hedidnothingbutlookon.注意：只有except,but而没有donothing/anything/everything时，要带不定式符号“to”.

eg.Ithasnochoicebuttoliedownandsleep.Theydidn’topentheirmouthsexcepttocomplain.Hedoesnothingbutplayallday.Atthenewsshedidn’tsayanythingbutcry.B.在wouldr