河南省新乡市2025届高三英语第三次模拟考试试题含解析

PAGE25-河南省新乡市2025届高三英语第三次模拟考试试题（含解析）考生留意：1.本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7。5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoweknowabouttheweather?A.It’swarm.B.It’scoldC.It’scool.2.Whatdoesthemansayabouthiswife?A.ShelikeswatchingCCTV5.B.Sheisacold-heartedperson.C.SheoftenwatchesCCTV12programs.3.Whoisaskedtotaketheyoungestthere?A.Theman.B.Alice.C.Eric.4.WhendidLindaleavethere?A.Oneyearago.B.Halfayearago.C.Lastmonth.5.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeel?A.Satisfied.B.Disappointed.C.Happy.其次节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howmanytimeshasthemanmadedumplingsbefore?A.Once.B.Twice.C.Never.7.Whatdoesitneedtomakegooddumplingsaccordingtothewoman?A.Talent.B.Asecretrecipe.C.Practice.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhyisSammyanxious?A.Hewasbittenbyarabbit.B.Hewasattackedbyadog.C.Hewasbeatenbyastranger,9.Whattimewilltheman’sdinnerpartystart?A.At7:30p.m.B.At7:00p.m.C.At6:30p.m.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatmaythewomanworkasnow?A.Adesigner.B.Atypist.C.Asecretary.11.Whatdoesthewomandislikeaboutherpresentjob?A.Meetingnewpeople.B.Toomuchresponsibility.C.Thesameworkeveryday.12.Whatisthewomangoodat?A.Repairingphones.B.Workingwithnumbers.C.Sellingclothes.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.TheInternet,B.TheroutestoAmerica.C.ThesitesofLondononthetour.14.Whichattractiondoesthemanthinkhisparentswouldenjoy?A.Harrods,B.TheLondonEye.C.HydePark.15.Howlonginadvanceisrecommendedforbookingonline?A.1week.B.24hours,C.1month.16.Howwillthemanprobablybuythetickets?A.Byphone.B.Rightonthebus,C.Bybookingonline,听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whenisthedeadlineforentries?A.August31stB.October15th.C.November1st.18.Whatisthetopicofthisyear?A.TheFuture.B.Cities.C.TheWorld.19.Whatwillbegiventothecompetitors?A.Aposter.B.Acertificate.C.Aphoto.20.Whatistheprizefortheschoolwinner?A.PicturesofEngland.B.Booksfromawriter,C.Lessonswithanartist.其次部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIfyouheartheword“Castle”ortheword“palace”，youmaypicturethesamekindofbuildingforboth：large，madeofstones，probablywithatower.And，ofcourse，you'renotentirelywrong，asthosearefeaturesofbothpalacesandcastles.SothenhaybothertovisitoneroyalbuildingintheUnitedKingdomBuckinghamPalaceandanotherthesamecountryWindsorCastle?Itturnsoutthereisadifference，andyoucanfinditprettyplainlyinthesetwopopularbuildings.TheCaseforCastlesCastleswereresidencesforroyalty.Buttheywerealsointendasdefensiveseats.Sayyou'reakingwhohastakenaparticularareaover.Nowyouhavetoholdit.castleandstaffitwithsoldierstodefendyourconqueredterritoryandensureitremainspartofyourkingdom.CastleswerebuiltthroughoutEuropeandtheMiddleEastprimarilyforprotectionofthekingandhispeople.Somecommonfeaturesofcastlesinclude：●thickwallsandheavygatestokeepinvadersout●protectivelowwallsforarcherstoshootwithcover●hightowersforkeepingalookoutoverthesurrounding●gatehousesforadmittingalliesinsteadofallowingenemiesintothecastleThePlaceforPalacesPalaces，onthecontrary，hadnodefensivepurposes.Theywerefirstmeantforshowingoffthegreatvictoryofthewar.Palaceswerewherethespoils(战利品)ofwarmightbedisplayed,alongwithgrandarchitecture,massivebanquethalls,goldentablesettingsandmaybeevenhundredsofluxuriouslydecoratedrooms.Whilekingscertainlytookupresidenceinpalacesaswellascastles,nonmilitaryroyalsmightalsohavelivedin(orstilllivein)palaces.Ministerscouldliveincastlestoshowthepoweroftheirrichesratherthantheirnonexistentmilitarypower.ThetermcomesfromPalatineHillinRome.1.Whichoftheflowingisonefeatureofcastles?A.Lowtowerssurroundingcastles.B.Defensivelowwallsforshooting.C.Gatehousesallowingenemiesintothecastle.D.Thickwallsandheavygatestolockinvadersin.2.Whywerepalacesfirstbuilt?A.Toaccommodateordinarysoldiers.B.Todefendtheking'sconqueredterritory.C.Toshowofftheartofroyalpainting,D.Todisplayhugesuccessofthewar.3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthenext?A.Tolistthereasonsforkingslivinginpalaces.B.Tomakeacomparisonbetweencastlesandpalaces.C.TotalkaboutThevalueofcastlesinmoderntimes.D.Toshowpalacesaremorepopularthancastles.【答案】1.B2.D3.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过对比介绍了城堡和宫殿的不同。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据TheCaseforCastles部分中的“protectivelowwallsforarcherstoshootwithcover”可知，用于射击的防卫性低墙是城堡的特征之一。故选B。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据ThePlaceforPalaces部分中的“Theywerefirstmeantforshowingoffthegreatvictoryofthewar.”可知，宫殿最初被建是为了炫耀斗争的宏大成功。故选D。【3题详解】推理推断题。本文在其次段“Itturnsoutthereisadifference,andyoucanfinditprettyplainlyinthesetwopopularbuildings.”就说明白城堡和宫殿是有区分的。然后分别用两部分TheCaseforCastles和ThePlaceforPalaces具体地介绍了城堡和宫殿的特点。所以可知，本段的写作目的就是为了对城堡和宫殿做一个对比。故选B。BAliceisasenioratSunsetHighSchool(SHS)inAmerica.Thekidsinherschoolarelookingforwardtoseniorgraduationandsummervacation.Andtheystilldesiretoliveasignificantlife:doingsomethingworthwhileandmakingadifference.Alice,seniorclasspresident,decidestotakeactionbyorganizingafooddrive.Shealsodecidestoreachouttothecommunityintheneighborhoodforsupport.Shewrote,“Hi!MynameisAliceandI'masenioratSunset!TheSHSstudentgovernmentishostingadriveandcollectingthecannedandboxedfoodforneedyfamilies.Iknowmanystudentsintheslum(贫民窟)arenotabletoaccessregularmealswithoutschool.One-hundredpercentofeverythingdonatedwillgotofamiliesinneed.Soitwouldbeamazingifanybodycoulddonateanyextrafoodandlayitaroundthehouse.Iwouldbesohappytocomebyandpickupanyextrafoodthatanyonehasandjustletmeknow!”Sofar,thecommunityhasmadesome400donations,andAlicehaspickedupeachone.They'releftinbrownpaperbagsaroundtheirhouses,andshehandlesthemwiththelatestgloves.It'sallpackagedfood,andthepackagingiscleanedwithdisinfectedwipes.Alongwiththerestofthestudentunion,whichbrainstormedtheidealastweek,Aliceissettingupdistributioncenterstodispensethefoodinthecitysofamiliescangetwhattheyneed.“Inthecommunity,I'veseensomanypeopleofferingtheirhelp,andI'vepickedupsomanydonationsfromcommunityresidents,”Alicesaid.It'snicetoseepeoplesupportingeachother.Ithinkit'sreallygoodhatwe'rebelongmorecautious,especiallywithinthecommunity,Alicesays.Everyindividualisawareofhowtotakecareofthemselves,theirfamilyandothersthem.Theyjoinhandsmakeabigdifferenceindeed.Witheveryone'sefforts,thedonationworkgoesoneasilyandsmoothlyandmanypoorfamilieshasgothelp.4.WhatdoweknowaboutthestudentsatSHSinthetext?A.They'reeagerforameaningfullife. B.They'vehelpedtobuildacommunity.C.They'vegraduatedfromseniorhighschool. D.They'reforcedtodosomethingworthwhile.5.WhydidAliceorganizethefooddrive?A.Togaingreaterpopularity. B.Togetfoodforfamiliesinneed.C.TosetuptheSHSstudentunion. D.Todonatefoodtothestudentsinherschool.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dispense”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Recycle. B.Handout.C.Gain. D.Chewup.7.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthelastparagraph?A.Eastorwest,homeisbest. B.it'sgoodtolearn此anotherman'scost.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords. D.Manyhandsmakeworklight.【答案】4.A5.B6.B7.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲解并描述的是大四学生Alice为了帮助贫困家庭吃到更好的食物，组织社区的人为他们捐赠食物的故事。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段中Thekidsinherschoolarelookingforwardtoseniorgraduationandsummervacation.Andtheystilldesiretoliveasignificantlife:doingsomethingworthwhileandmakingadifference.可知她学校的孩子们都在盼望中学毕业和暑假。他们仍旧渴望过一种有意义的生活:做一些有价值的事情，做出变更。由此可知，SHS的学生渴望有意义的生活。故选A。【5题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段中One-hundredpercentofeverythingdonatedwillgotofamiliesinneed.可知全部捐赠的东西都会捐给有须要的家庭。由此可推知，Alice为有须要的家庭供应食物而组织了食品运动。故选B。【6题详解】词义揣测题。依据上文Alongwiththerestofthestudentunion,whichbrainstormedtheidealastweek,Aliceissettingupdistributioncentersto可知上周对这个想法进行了头脑风暴的学生会的其他成员，Alice正在建立配送中心，在城里分发食物，这样每个家庭都能得到他们须要的东西。结合上文中distribution表示“安排”，由此可知，划线单词意思为“分发”。A.Recycle.回收利用；B.Handout.分发；C.Gain.获得；D.Chewup.嚼碎。故选B。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段中Witheveryone'sefforts,thedonationworkgoesoneasilyandsmoothlyandmanypoorfamilieshasgothelp.可知在大家的努力下，捐款工作进展顺当，很多贫困家庭得到了帮助。由此可推知，最终一段表达了“众人拾柴火焰高（Manyhandsmakeworklight.）”的道理。故选D。COnthelastMondayinMay,peopleintheUnitedStatescelebrateMemorialDay.ThisfederalholidayhonorsmembersoftheAmericanmilitarywhodiedatwar.Schoolsandgovernmentofficesclose.MostpeopleintheUShavethisdayofffromwork.PeoplecelebrateMemorialDaywithoutdoorparades.MostAmericansconsideritthestartofsummerthoughtheseasonreallybeginsinJune.Withsomanypeopleoffwork,MemorialDayhasalsobecomeapopularshoppingday.However,onmostoccasionsMemorialDayisaseriousandevensorrowfulholiday.Thosewhohavelostfamilymembersatwarvisitburialsitestodecoratethegraves.Theyplaceflowers,wreathsandUSflagsonthegraves.MemorialDaycomesfromatraditionthatbeganaftertheUSCivilWarcalledDecorationDay.TheCivilWarwasaverydarktimeintheUShistory.Historianshavelongthoughtthatabout620,000soldiersdiedinthefighting.However,newresearchsuggeststhatthedeadnumberedabout750,000.In1868,about5,000peoplegatheredatArlingtonNationalCemeteryontheedgeofWashington,D.C.Theydecoratedmorethan10,000gravesofUnionandConfederatesoldiers.TheycalleditDecorationDay.boneThetraditionspreadtootherareasofthecountry.In1873,NewYorkStatecalleditMemorialDayandwasthefirsttomakeitalegal-holiday.OtherStatesallowed,butnotall.Somesouthernstateshad(and-stillhave)separatecelebrationsthathonoronlydeadConfederatesoldiers.AfterWorldWarIendedin1918,MemorialDaybecameadaytohonorallAmericansoldierskilledatwar.In1971,CongresspassedalawmakingitanofficialfederalholidayalloverAmerica.8.What'sthepurposeofMemorialDayinAmerica?A.Tomarkthestartofsummer. B.Toletpeopleenjoythemselves.C.Toshowrespecttodeadsoldiers. D.Tosetaholidaytoencouragesoldiers.9.What'stheatmosphereofAmericanMemorialDaylikeonmostoccasions?ASad. B.Casual.C.Pleasant. D.Relaxing.10.WhendidMemorialCasual,becomealegalholidaythroughouttheUS?A.In1971. B.In1873.C.In1918. D.In1868.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.CelebrationActivitiesofMemorialDayintheUSB.TheProspectofAmericanMemorialDayC.MembersHonoredonAmericanMemorialDayD.TheEvolutiononMemorialDayintheUS【答案】8.C9.A10.A11.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国阵亡将士纪念日的历史演化过程。【8题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段中ThisfederalholidayhonorsmembersoftheAmericanmilitarywhodiedatwar.可知，这个联邦节日是为了纪念在斗争中牺牲的美国军人。由此可知，美国阵亡将士纪念日的目的是表示对死去的士兵的敬重。故选C。【9题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中However,onmostoccasionsMemorialDayisaseriousandevensorrowfulholiday.可知，然而，在大多数状况下，阵亡将士纪念日是一个肃穆甚至哀痛的节日。由此可知，美国阵亡将士纪念日的气氛是哀痛的。故选A。【10题详解】细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中In1971,CongresspassedalawmakingitanofficialfederalholidayalloverAmerica.可知，1971年，国会通过了一项法律，将美国阵亡将士纪念日定为全美的官方节日。由此可知，美国阵亡将士纪念日是在1971年成为美国的法定假日的。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。依据第三段中MemorialDaycomesfromatraditionthatbeganaftertheUSCivilWarcalledDecorationDay.可知，阵亡将士纪念日起源于美国内战后的一个传统，称为“装饰日”。结合文章主要介绍了美国阵亡将士纪念日的历史演化过程。由此可知，D选项“美国阵亡将士纪念日的演化”最符合文章标题。故选D。DTheotherday,Iboughtanexpensiveanti-agingcreamthatpromisedtomakemyfacelookseveralyearsyoungerthatotherwomenbyfightingfreeradicals.Itmademecuriousaboutwhatfreeradicalsares.Istheanti-agingcreamtheonlywayIneedtoprotectmyself?“Asascientifictermfreeradicalsareessentiallyunstableatoms,“saysArizona-baseddoctor,NatashaBhuyan,M.D.“Inmedicine,theycausecellstobreakdownovertimeandarelinkedtoaging.”Asupersimplechemistryreviewforyou:Atomsfromdifferentelementsarethebuildingblocksthatmakeupwater,nitrogenandmore.Electrons(电子)arethenegativelychargedatoms,andtheyliketobeinpairs.Whenanelectronlosesitspartner,itcreatesafreeradical,whichisusuallyunstableandhighlyreactive.Freeradicalstypicallygothroughthebodytoseekoutareplacementfortheirmissingelectron,andthatcanresultindamagetocells,proteinsandDNA.Sohowdofreeradicalsformandwhydotheyhappen?Bhuyansays,“Scientifically,freeradicalsareunpairedelectronsthatareseekingamatetobondwith.Thetheorybehindfreeradicalsisthattheycanleadtotheimbalancebetweenfreeradicalsandantioxidants(抗氧化剂).”Anothermini-sciencelessonforyou:Antioxidantsarenaturalormanmademattersthatcanhelpdelayorpreventsometypesofcelldamage.They’reoftenfoundinfruitsandvegetables.Alotoftheaspectsofmodernlife—ourdiet,lifestyleandenvironmentalfactorslikepollution,cancauseoxidativestress.Overtime,oxidativestressweakenscellandtissuesandcanleaveyoumoreeasilytocertainhealthissuesincludingcancer.And,asbeautymarketersarekeenlyaware,oxidativestresscanalsospeeduptheagingprocess.Nowthatyourknowfreeradicalscanweakonyourhealth,you’reprobablywonderingifthereareanywaystopreventthemfromformingoratleasttominimizetheirnegativeeffects.12.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph1?A.Explaintheprocessofaging. B.Statetheformationoffreeradicals.C.Introducethetopicoffreeradicals. D.Describetheharmofantiagingcream.13.Whichofthefollowingdofreeradicalsreferto?A.Unpairedelectrons. B.Steadyatoms.C.Replacementsofatoms. D.Functionsofelectrons.14.Whatcanwelearnaboutantioxidantsfromthetext?A.Theyhaveneverbeenfoundinnature.B.Theydoharmtocells,proteinsandDNA.C.Theycanslowdownthedamageofsomecells.DTheyalwayskeepbalancewithfreeradical.15.Whatwilltheauthorprobablytellusnext?A.Whatexactlyoxidativestressis. B.Howbeautymarketerspromotesales.C.Whereavarietyofdiseasescomefrom. D.Whetherfreeradicalscanbeprevented.【答案】12.C13.A14.C15.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自由基是怎样形成的和自由基是怎样影响人的身体的。【12题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段Theotherday,Iboughtanexpensiveanti-agingcreamthatpromisedtomakemyfacelookseveralyearsyoungerthatotherwomenbyfightingfreeradicals.Itmademecuriousaboutwhatfreeradicalsares.Istheanti-agingcreamtheonlywayIneedtoprotectmyself?可知，前几天，我买了一款昂贵的抗苍老面霜，据说它能对抗自由基，让我的脸看起来比其他女性年轻好几岁。这让我新奇什么是自由基。抗苍老面霜是我唯一须要爱护自己的方法吗？由此可推知，作者第一段讲解并描述了她买了一个抗苍老的面霜来反抗自由基给脸部留下岁月的痕迹的事，从而引出自由基的话题。故选C。【13题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段中Electrons(电子)arethenegativelychargedatoms,andtheyliketobeinpairs.可知，电子是带负电荷的原子，它们喜爱成对出现。以及第四段中Bhuyansays,“Scientifically,freeradicalsareunpairedelectronsthatareseekingamatetobondwith.可知Bhuyan说：“从科学上讲，自由基是找寻配偶的未配对电子。”由此可知，自由基指的是不成对的电子。故选A。【14题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第四段中Anothermini-sciencelessonforyou:Antioxidantsarenaturalormanmademattersthatcanhelpdelayorpreventsometypesofcelldamage.可知，另一个小科学课：抗氧化剂是自然或人造物质，可以帮助延缓或防止某些类型的细胞损伤。由此可知，抗氧化剂可以减缓一些细胞的损伤。故选C。【15题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段中Nowthatyourknowfreeradicalscanweakonyourhealth,you’reprobablywonderingifthereareanywaystopreventthemfromformingoratleasttominimizetheirnegativeeffects.可知，既然你知道了自由基会损害你的健康，你可能想知道是否有方法阻挡它们的形成，或者至少把它们的负面影响降到最低。由此可推知，作者接下来可能会围绕“自由基的形成是否能被阻挡”绽开。故选D。其次节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howtoliveahappylife?Thefollowingsuggestionsmaybeofgreathelptoyou.Keeppositive.____16____Optimistshavea35%lesschanceofhavingaheartattackorstroke,aremorelikelytoeatahealthydietandexerciseregularly,havestrongerimmunesystemsandevenlivelonger.Ifyoufaceachallengeorobstacle,you’remorelikelytoseeitasatemporaryorevenoptimisticthing,allowingyoutolearnandgrow.Startvolunteering.____17____Itcanreducetheriskofcognitive(认知的)disorder.Itcanevenhelpuslivelonger.Evenifyouhavealittletimetooffer,justtheactofgivinghasbeenshowntoimproveyourhealth,possiblybytemporarilyreducingyoursenseofpain.Begrateful.Countingourblessingsprotectsusagainstanxietyanddepressionandboostsoptimism.Oneofthebestwaystomakethankfulnessapartofyourlifeistokeepajournal.____18____Keepinggratitudeandrecordingyourgooddeedsmayhelpyoulivehappily.____19____Peoplewhoaremoresociallyconnectedtofamily,friendsandcommunityarehappier.They’rephysicallyhealthier,andtheylivelongerthanpeoplewhoarelessconnected.High-conflictmarriages,withoutmuchaffection,turnouttobeverybadforhealth,perhapsworsethangettingdivorced.____20____A.Eathealthilyandhappily.B.Strengthensocialconnections.C.Lookingonthebrightsideoflifeisreallygoodforyou.D.Youcansetdownsomepositiveexperiencesinyourdiary.E.Instead,livingingoodrelationshipsisbeneficialtohealth.F.Studiesshowvolunteeringcanreducestressanddepression.G.You’llhavenotimetovolunteerandgivethanksinyourlife.【答案】16.C17.F18.D19.B20.E【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要给出了几个有助于过上欢乐生活的建议。【16题详解】依据后文Optimistshavea35%lesschanceofhavingaheartattackorstroke,aremorelikelytoeatahealthydietandexerciseregularly,havestrongerimmunesystemsandevenlivelonger.可知乐观主义者得心脏病或中风的几率要低35%，饮食健康，常常熬炼，免疫系统更强，甚至更长寿。由此可知，本句是在说明保持主动，看到生活的光明面对你有好处。故C选项“看到生活的光明面对你有好处”符合上下文语境，故选C。【17题详解】结合后文Itcanreducetheriskofcognitivedisorder.Itcanevenhelpuslivelonger.可知它可以降低认知障碍的风险。它甚至可以帮助我们活得更久。由此可知，本句是在说明参与志愿活动对人身体的好处，故F选项“探讨表明，志愿活动可以减轻压力和抑郁”符合上下文语境，故选F。【18题详解】依据上文Oneofthebestwaystomakethankfulnessapartofyourlifeistokeepajournal.可知让感恩成为你生活的一部分的最好方法之一就是写日记。由此可知，本句承接上文说明如何写日记，上文中journal与D选项中diary为同义词。故D选项“你可以在日记中登记一些主动的经验”符合上下文语境，故选D。【19题详解】结合后文Peoplewhoaremoresociallyconnectedtofamily,friendsandcommunityarehappier.They’rephysicallyhealthier,andtheylivelongerthanpeoplewhoarelessconnected.可知与家庭、挚友和社区的社会联系越紧密的人越欢乐。他们身体更健康，比那些与外界联系较少的人活得更长。由此可知，本段是在强调要加强社会联系，后文则强调了社会联系的必要性和重要性。故B选项“加强社会联系”符合上下文语境，故选B。【20题详解】结合上文High-conflictmarriages,withoutmuchaffection,turnouttobeverybadforhealth,perhapsworsethangettingdivorced.可知没有太多感情的高冲突的婚姻对健康特别不利，可能比离婚更糟糕。由此可知，上文提到了不好的关系对健康不利，本句承接上文说明好的关系对健康有益。故E选项“相反，生活在良好的关系里对健康有益”符合上下文语境，故选E。第三部分语言学问运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。We’reencouragedtobenicetootherpeople.However,manypeople____21____tobenicetotheenvironment.Naturehas____22____thealarmandglobalwarmingisquiteabig____23____todayinthe21stcentury.Carbondioxideisthelargestpollutant.That____24____causesgreenhousegasestostayintheearth’satmosphere,____25____thetemperatureoftheglobe,causingabnormalweatherandmeltingglaciersinthenorthandsouth.Simplethingswecandoeverydaycanhelp____26____theearth,preventtheextinctionofanimalssuchasthepolarbear,andmaketheeartha____27____placetoliveinforusandfuturegenerationstocome.I’vefoundtonsofcarbondioxidearesentoutbycarseveryday,____28____totheclimatecrisis.SoIdecidetotake____29____nowtopublicizethedangerofcarbondioxide,or_____30_____dosomethingworthwhiletohelpslowtheriseoftheweather.Therearemanywaysformetohelpreduceglobalwarming.Ioftenchoosepublic_____31_____,buses,forexample.Thiscan_____32_____moneyandenergy.IprefertobikeorwalkwheneverIcan.Somehow,I’ve_____33_____mybodyandgrownmuscles_____34_____thepreference.IfIhavetogotoaplaceandIcan’twalk,I’llshareacarwithothers.Ifeelvery_____35_____thatNewYorkcityhasdecidedtopopularizehybrid(混合的)buses.Ialsotryto_____36_____friendsandfamilytodothesameinordertoreducecarbondioxiderelease.Ifeveryonedoessomethingtohelp,togetherwecanmakea_____37_____.Peoplewhoareinterestedcanvisitthe_____38_____toworkwithme.I’m_____39_____foreveryone’ssupportandlet’sfighttogethertomaketheearthhealthy,_____40_____andfreefrompollution.21.A.resolve B.hurry C.swear D.forget22.A.shut B.sounded C.preferred D.broken23.A.threat B.opportunity C.mystery D.fantasy24.A.population B.solid C.pollution D.surface25.A.increasing B.recording C.reducing D.maintaining26.A.destroy B.preserve C.decorate D.acknowledge27.A.quieter B.hotter C.better D.larger28.A.leading B.admitting C.adapting D.applying29.A.breath B.action C.cover D.offer30.A.never B.so C.ever D.even31.A.transportation B.space C.justification D.entertainment32.A.produce B.combine C.economize D.employ33.A.enquiredabout B.pulledup C.caredabout D.builtup34.A.asfor B.thanksto C.exceptfor D.regardlessof35.A.absurd B.annoyed C.delighted D.sensitive36.A.forbid B.urge C.warn D.permit37.A.profit B.promise C.bet D.difference38.A.site B.item C.channel D.charity-39.A.guilty B.qualified C.hungry D.noted40.A.autonomous B.digital C.enormous D.clean【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.A26.B27.C28.A29.B30.D31.A32.C33.D34.B35.C36.B37.D38.A39.C40.D【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。很多人遗忘了善待环境。全球变暖是一个相当大的问题。作者建议从我做起，低碳出行；爱护环境，人人有责。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，很多人忘了对环境友好。A.resolve解决；B.hurry匆忙；C.swear诅咒，发誓；D.forget遗忘。结合前一句：我们被激励善待他人。本句中however,然而，可知，之后的内容和前面的内容相反。选项D符合题意。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自然界敲响了警钟，在21世纪的今日，全球变暖是一个相当大的威逼。A.shut关闭；B.sounded发出声音；C.preferred偏爱；D.broken破坏。依据上下文可知，大自然已经发出了（sounded）警报。选项B符合题意。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.threat威逼；B.opportunity机会；C.mystery神奇；D.fantasy幻想。结合下句，二氧化碳是最大的污染物，可知，这使得全球变暖是一个相当大的威逼。选项A符合题意。故选A。24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：污染导致温室气体留在地球的大气层中，增加了地球的温度，造成了不正常的天气和南北冰川的溶化。句意：A.population人口；B.solid固体；C.pollution污染；D.surface表面。依据上文中的关键词“pollutant”可知，二氧化碳污染（pollution）导致温室气体滞留在地球的大气层中，上升了（increasing）全球气温，导致气候异样，溶化了南北极冰川。选项C符合题意。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.increasing增加B.recording记录；C.reducing削减；D.maintaining保持。结合本句后半句，causingabnormalweatherandmeltingglaciersinthenorthandsouth.造成了不正常的天气和南北冰川的溶化。可知，这些污染物使全球的温度是增加了，选项A符合题意。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们每天可以做的简洁的事情可以帮助爱护地球,A.destroy破坏；B.preserve爱护；C.decorate装饰；D.acknowledge感谢。结合后半句preventtheextinctionofanimalssuchasthepolarbear,阻挡像北极熊这样的动物灭亡，可知，这些简洁的事情是对地球的爱护。选项B符合题意。故选B。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：防止像北极熊这样的动物灭亡，让地球成为我们和子孙后代更好的居住地。A.quieter更宁静的；B.hotter更热的；C.better更好的；D.larger更大的。依据本句后半句内容可知，为了我们和下一代能够居住，这是有利的地方，所以此处表达的意思是让地球成为一个更利于（better）居住的地方。选项C符合题意。故选Ｃ。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发觉汽车每天排放大量的二氧化碳，导致了气候危机。A.leading引起，导致；B.admitting承认；C.adapting适应；D.applying应用。依据上文可知，每天汽车排出大量的二氧化碳，应给是导致气候危机。选项A符合题意。故选A。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我确定现在就实行行动，宣扬二氧化碳的危害，或者做一些有意义的事情来减缓气候的上升。A.breath呼吸；B.action行动；C.cover封面；D.offer提议。takebreath呼吸；takeaction实行行动；依据publicizethedangerofcarbondioxide可知,“我”确定现在就实行行动（action），公开二氧化碳的危害.故选B。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.never从来没有；B.so如此；C.ever曾经；D.even甚至。依据语境，语意上是比之前实行行动程度更深，做一些有意义的事情。与上一句为递进关系。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我常常选择公共交通工具，比如公共汽车。A.transportation交通；B.space空间；C.justification正值理由；D.entertainment消遣。依据下文中的提示词“buses”可知，此处应当指公共交通（transportation）。选项A符合题意。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样可以节约金钱和能源。A.produce制造；B.combine结合；C.economize节约，节约；D.employ雇佣。依据上文可知“我”选择的交通方式是公共交通，依据常识，这样可以节约（economize）钱和能源。选项C符合题意。故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：不知何故，由于这种偏好，我强健了身体，熬炼出了肌肉。A.enquiredabout询问，打听；B.pulledup减速停下；C.caredabout担忧，关切；D.builtup增加。依据grownmuscles可知，身体和肌肉是通过这样的方式增加了。选项D符合题意。故选D。【34题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意同上。A.asfor关于，至于；B.thanksto幸亏；C.exceptfor除了……之外；D.regardlessof不管，不顾。依据IprefertobikeorwalkwheneverIcan以及结合前半句，肌肉和身体是通过这样的方式增加了，这些都是多亏了自己的偏好。选项B符合题意。故选B。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很兴奋纽约市确定推广混合动力公交车。A.absurd荒谬的，可笑的；B.annoyed愤怒的；C.delighted兴奋的；D.sensitive爱护的。结合本句后半句，纽约市确定推广混合动力公交车，这对于削减温室效应是爱护了地球。联系上文得知，作者确定实行行动，甚至做一些有意义的事情来减缓气温的上升。因而作为作者对此行为是赞同的，是兴奋的。选项C符合题意。故选C。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了削减二氧化碳的排放，我也试图敦促挚友和家人也这样做。A.forbid禁止；B.urge敦促；C.warn警告；D.permit许可，允许；依据本句后半句，可知，下文可知，为了削减二氧化碳的排放，应当是“我”也试着督促（urge）挚友和家人这样做。选项B符合题意。故选B。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：假如每个人都能帮上忙，我们就能变更世界。A.profit利润；B.promise承诺；C.bet打赌；D.difference影响。固定搭配makeadifference，有影响，有意义。依据上下文可知，假如每个人都做一些有利环境的事，大家一起就能有所作为，就能变更世界。选项D符合题意。故选D。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有爱好的人可以访问网站和我一起工作。A.site网站；B.item项目，物品；C.channel频道；D.charity慈善。依据下文中的网址environmentalde可知，此处填入网站（site）最合适。选项A符合题意。故选A项。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我渴望每个人的支持，让我们一起努力，让地球变得健康，干净，没有污染。A.guilty愧疚的；B.qualified合格的；C.hungry渴望的；D.noted著名的。behungryfor“渴望得到，渴求”；beguiltyfor“因……而愧疚”；bequalifiedfor“有……资格；能胜任……”，benotedfor“因……而著名”，依据上文得知，Ifeveryonedoessomethingtohelp,togetherwecanmakea____17____.作者想到每个人要都支持的话，就会变更世界。所以此处是渴望得到每个人的支持。选项C符合题意。故选C。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.autonomous自治的；B.digital数码的；C.enormous巨大的；D.clean干净的。依据本句后半句freefrompollution，远离污染，可知此处指的是干净的地球，选项D符合题意。故选D。其次节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Highschoolyearsarealargepartin___41___(shape)thepersonyouaregoingtobecome.Aschooloften___42___(provide)educationforyou,anditcanalsobeaplace___43___youcandeveloprelationshipswithmanydifferentpeople,joinclubs,andparticipateinavarietyofdifferentsports.Theseyearscanmakeyoubecomeahighschoolstudent___44___(fill)withmanydifferentemotions,includinghappiness,anger,sadness,envy,loneliness,stress,andanumerousamountmore.Thisisalsoatimewhenpeer(同龄人)pressureismostcommonlyputuponavastmajorityofteens.Peerpressureistheinfluencefrommembersofone'speergroup.Thiscanincludeinfluencinganothertodrink,smoke,cheatonatest,lie,skipclass,andetc.Thelistis___45___(end).Peerpressureathighschoolisbothharmful___46___effectivebecauseit