Unit4NaturalDisastersDiscoveringUsefulStructures定语从句课件高中英语人教版

Unit4定语从句（关系代词）Learningobjectives:1.Tolearntheattributiveclause(定语从句).2.Toapplytheattributive

clausetoyourwriting.Thedefinition(定义）:修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的叫关系词，关系词代替先行词在从句中充当基本句子成分:关系代词作主语、宾语、表语或定语;关系副词作状语。找出下面例句的定语从句，先行词以及关系词在从句中所作的成分：Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.Theboywhomtheteacheroftenpraisesisourmonitor.Thereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls.Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.定语从句分类：a.限制性定语从句（therestrictiverelativeclause）:这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。Whatisthenameofthetallmanwhojustcamein?

b.非限制性定语从句(thenon-restrictiverelativeclause)：这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号隔开，不用that引导。Beijing,whichisthecapitalofChina,hasaverylonghistory.引导定语从句的关系代词：

which，that，who，whom，whose,as注意：定语从句从来不用what引导1.who只能指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。如：Ateacherisapersonwhopassesknowledgetothestudent（作_______）Dannywasamanwhowerescuedfromtheruins.（作_______）2.whom只能指人，是who的宾格，在从句中作宾语，常省略。Roseisthepersonwho/whomyoushouldcareabout.（作_____）(一)限制性定语从句关系代词的用法：主语宾语宾语3.that既可指人，又可指物，在从句中既可以作主语，又可作宾语。作宾语时可以省略，Thesuitcasethatliesonthegroundishers.（关系代词指_____,在从句中作_______）Thenumberofpeoplethatcometovisitthiscityeachyearreachesonemillion.（关系代词指_____,在从句中作_______）Thepassengerandthesuitcasesthatwerestillwaitinghadtobetransferredtoanotherplane.（关系代词指________,在从句中作_______）4.which一般指物，在从句中可作主语，也可以作宾语,作宾语时可以省略。TheUnitedStatesisacountrywhichhasashorthistory.（在从句中作______）Thepenwhichyoufoundyesterdayismine.(在从句中作_____）物主语人主语人和物主语主语宾语5.whose可修饰人，也可修饰物，表所属关系，whose在定语从句中作定语。Iknowthepersonwhosehousewasdestroyedintheearthquake.（关系代词指__________,在从句中作_______）注：“whose+名词”=“the+名词+ofwhich/whom”或“ofwhich/whom+the+名词”。

Theycametoahousewhosebackwallhadbrokendown.=________________________________________________He’swrittenabookthenameofwhichI’vecompletelyforgotten.=________________________________________________人定语Theycametoahousethebackwallofwhichhadbrokendown.He’swrittenabookwhosenameI’vecompletelyforgotten.6.as作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，是指整个主句表达的内容，意为“这…..,如……或正如……”。常指意料之中的事情，后面谓语动词多是see,know,expect,say,mention,report等.（asweknow=asisknown,asweexpect=asisexpected）Wewonthematch,aswehadexpected.注意下面的习惯用法：asiswelldiscussed正如已讨论过的asisoftensaid正如通常所说asisoftenthecase通常就是这样asoftenhappens如同经常所发生的那样（二）使用关系代词引导定语从句时应注意的几点

1.只能用that，而不用which引导定语从句的情况：①先行词是不定代词all,few,little,something,nothing,anything或被all,few,little等修饰。Allthathetoldmeistrue.Iwilltellyousomethingthathetoldme.②先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰。ThisisthesecondclassroomthatIamin.ThisisthemostdeliciousfoodthatIhaveeverhad.先行词被theonly(唯一的),thevery(恰恰),thelast(最后的)等修饰。ThisistheveryclassthatIamlookingfor.Theonlythingthatshecoulddowastogotothepoliceforhelp.（二）使用关系代词引导定语从句时应注意的几点

1.只能用that，而不用which引导定语从句的情况：③先行词既有人又有物时。Sometimesweshouldignorethepersonsandthingsthatupsetus.Theforeignguestsspokehighlyofthechildrenandtheirshowsthattheysawinthekindergarten.2.只能用which而不用that引导定语从句的情况①引导非限制性定语从句时。Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.②当关系代词前有介词时。ThisisthehouseinwhichMoYanoncelived.Exercise:I.用适当的关系代词填空1.Thisisthebag_________mymotherboughtyesterday.2.Theman________livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.3.Theonlylanguage_______iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.

4.Thegirlhandedeverything________shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.5.Thebuilding_________walliswhiteismyuncle’shouse.that/whichwho/thatthatthatwhose6.Thisisthebestbook_______Ihavebeenlookingforallthisyear.7.Heisahero_____________

weshouldlearnfrom.8.Hewaslateagain,_________madehisteacherangry.9.Hestillrememberedallthepeopleandthings________excitedhiminhisseniorschool.10._______wecansee,seldomcanweseestudentsworkoutinthegym.thatwhom/who/thatwhichthatAs11.Thereweredeepcracks___________appearedinthewellwalls.12.Twothirdsofthepeople_____livedthereweredeadorinjured.13.Thenumberofpeople_______werekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.14.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivors__________homeshadbeendestroyed.15.Elevenkilometresdirectlybelowthecity,oneofthemostdeadlyearthquakeofthe20thcenturyhadbegun,aquake__________evencauseddamagemorethan150kilometresawayinBeijing.that\whichwhowhowhosethat\whichII.合并句子1.Ihaveafriend.Hesingswell.__________________________________________________________.2.ThemanwasAmerican.Ispoketohimyesterday._________________________________________________________.3.Ican’tfindthehouse.Myfriendlivesinit._________________________________________________________.4.Iknowthebestbook.Itcanbefoundinthatbookstore.__________________________________________________________.5.Thisisthehouse.Itswalliswhite.__________________________________________________________.Ihaveafriendwho/thatsingswell.Themanwho/whom/that//IspoketoyesterdaywasAmerican.Ican’tfindthehousewhich/that//myfriendlivesin.Iknowthebestbookthatcanbefoundinthatbookstore.Thisisthehousewhosewalliswhite.III.翻译句子1.Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.__________________________________________________________.2.Nobodywantsthehousewhoseroofhasfallenin._________________________________________________________.3.Adictionaryisabookwhichgivesthemeaningsofwords.__________________________________________________________.4.ThedaysthatIspenttogetherwithherarereallyunfo